Replicas Of Object Research Articles

Optimizing Object Storage System by the Object Multi-Tiered Balanced Organization

The era of big data has been constantly producing a huge amount of small files that will cause problems such as uneven distribution of copies and massive random readings and writings, resulting in delays in data accessions and degrading performances. By aiming at resolving the problems of an object storage system concerning the organization of small file objects such as layout imbalance, uneven loading, and adaptability of poor data migration, this article introduces a new strategy for object organization called object multi-tiered balanced organization strategy (OMBOS) with improved performance on massive small files in a real object storage system. Apart from the conventional strategy, the OMBOS achieves a multi-level balanced object by establishing weight indicators that reflect the comprehensive performance of nodes, including the balanced distribution of objects between replica sets and the balanced distribution of I/O requests in the replica sets as well as adapting to the equilibrium of the scale changes of the system dynamics. The OMBOS establishes a comprehensive performance evaluation model based on the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and calculates the performance weights of the nodes of the object storages and replica sets. Then, the consistent hash-based object placement between the replica sets algorithm (BROP) and the I/O-loading balance in the replica set algorithm (IRIB) are utilized to implement performance-weighted objects in the object storage system through a tiered organization when the performance weights are taken into account. When the system scale changes flexibly, data migration is the only performed process in the nodes by adding or removing nodes, so data will not be migrated between existing nodes. Hence, the amount of data migration reaches the theoretical setting. Experiments show that the OMBOS achieves a balanced layout of objects based on performance weights, which meets the balancing and adaptability requirements of data organization. When compared to the original layout strategy through the balanced layout of objects, it performs nearly double the random access method.

DTPAAL: Digital Twinning Pepper and Ambient Assisted Living

Pepper is a humanoid robot capable of expressing body language, perceiving, and interacting with its surrounding environment, thanks to a wide set of sensors and actuators and exposing capabilities and high-level interfaces for natural interaction with humans. In this article, we present the development of VPepper, the Pepper virtual replica, by describing experiences focused on the interaction of the digital twin with the replicas of the smart objects in a smart home. Pepper robot has been featured with arms and hands, but its motors and actuators cannot support intensive experimental sessions and training procedures to learn how safely touch objects. Here, digital twin metaphor plays a crucial role. By a virtual and reliable replica of the robot, machine learning procedures can be seamlessly moved to/from the digital twin with a significant speedup and preventing the physical robot from deterioration. As a practical application, the reported case study is inspired to ambient-assisted living in elderly assistance. The experience, as well as the entire design and development process, has revealed VPepper and the smart environment to offer interesting opportunities for the physical accuracy of the simulation and for the availability of machine learning instruments that may be converted and adopted for real settings. A final empirical evaluation, performed involving 25 volunteer caregivers, confirms the perceived value and the potential usefulness of the system.

Kaleidoscopic structured light

Full surround 3D imaging for shape acquisition is essential for generating digital replicas of real-world objects. Surrounding an object we seek to scan with a kaleidoscope, that is, a configuration of multiple planar mirrors, produces an image of the object that encodes information from a combinatorially large number of virtual viewpoints. This information is practically useful for the full surround 3D reconstruction of the object, but cannot be used directly, as we do not know what virtual viewpoint each image pixel corresponds---the pixel label. We introduce a structured light system that combines a projector and a camera with a kaleidoscope. We then prove that we can accurately determine the labels of projector and camera pixels, for arbitrary kaleidoscope configurations, using the projector-camera epipolar geometry. We use this result to show that our system can serve as a multi-view structured light system with hundreds of virtual projectors and cameras. This makes our system capable of scanning complex shapes precisely and with full coverage. We demonstrate the advantages of the kaleidoscopic structured light system by scanning objects that exhibit a large range of shapes and reflectances.

Exploring gestural input for engineering surveys of real-life structures in virtual reality using photogrammetric 3D models

Photogrammetry is a promising set of methods for generating photorealistic 3D models of physical objects and structures. Such methods may rely solely on camera-captured photographs or include additional sensor data. Digital twins are digital replicas of physical objects and structures. Photogrammetry is an opportune approach for generating 3D models for the purpose of preparing digital twins. At a sufficiently high level of quality, digital twins provide effective archival representations of physical objects and structures and become effective substitutes for engineering inspections and surveying. While photogrammetric techniques are well-established, insights about effective methods for interacting with such models in virtual reality remain underexplored. We report the results of a qualitative engineering case study in which we asked six domain experts to carry out engineering measurement tasks in an immersive environment using bimanual gestural input coupled with gaze-tracking. The qualitative case study revealed that gaze-supported bimanual interaction of photogrammetric 3D models is a promising modality for domain experts. It allows the experts to efficiently manipulate and measure elements of the 3D model. To better allow designers to support this modality, we report design implications distilled from the feedback from the domain experts.

From the Semantic Point Cloud to Heritage-Building Information Modeling: A Semiautomatic Approach Exploiting Machine Learning

This work presents a semi-automatic approach to the 3D reconstruction of Heritage-Building Information Models from point clouds based on machine learning techniques. The use of digital information systems leveraging on three-dimensional (3D) representations in architectural heritage documentation and analysis is ever increasing. For the creation of such repositories, reality-based surveying techniques, such as photogrammetry and laser scanning, allow the fast collection of reliable digital replicas of the study objects in the form of point clouds. Besides, their output is raw and unstructured, and the transition to intelligible and semantic 3D representations is still a scarcely automated and time-consuming process requiring considerable human intervention. More refined methods for 3D data interpretation of heritage point clouds are therefore sought after. In tackling these issues, the proposed approach relies on (i) the application of machine learning techniques to semantically label 3D heritage data by identification of relevant geometric, radiometric and intensity features, and (ii) the use of the annotated data to streamline the construction of Heritage-Building Information Modeling (H-BIM) systems, where purely geometric information derived from surveying is associated with semantic descriptors on heritage documentation and management. The “Grand-Ducal Cloister” dataset, related to the emblematic case study of the Pisa Charterhouse, is discussed.

Evaluating Load Balancing Performance in Distributed Storage With Redundancy

To facilitate load balancing, distributed systems store data redundantly. We evaluate the load balancing performance of storage schemes in which each object is stored at $d$ different nodes, and each node stores the same number of objects. In our model, the load offered for the objects is sampled uniformly at random from all the load vectors with a fixed cumulative value. We find that the load balance in a system of $n$ nodes improves multiplicatively with $d$ as long as $d = o\left(\log(n)\right)$, and improves exponentially once $d = \Theta\left(\log(n)\right)$. We show that the load balance improves in the same way with $d$ when the service choices are created with XOR's of $r$ objects rather than object replicas. In such redundancy schemes, storage overhead is reduced multiplicatively by $r$. However, recovery of an object requires downloading content from $r$ nodes. At the same time, the load balance increases additively by $r$. We express the system's load balance in terms of the maximal spacing or maximum of $d$ consecutive spacings between the ordered statistics of uniform random variables. Using this connection and the limit results on the maximal $d$-spacings, we derive our main results.

An augmented reality application for jewelry shopping

Developing an augmented reality-based application to place virtual replicas of objects instead of real jewelry in jewelry shops. A virtual object is superimposed on some target that appears to be a real one. The user must wear a marker (different for the corresponding item), and that particular item will be superimposed onto that. By utilizing ICP calculation, the recreation of 3D items is conceivable. The item will be overseen itself as indicated by the client continuously by utilizing HAAR. Payment integrations, user authentication, and order functionality have been integrated to make this app as competitive as other e-commerce applications.

COMPARISON OF 3D PRINTER AND WOOD CASTING PATTERN

Pola cor merupakan replika dari benda yang digunakan sebagai acuan dalam proses pengecoran. Pembuatan pola cor masih didominasi dengan proses konvensional menggunakan kayu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan perbandingan antara pola cor konvensional kayu dengan pola cor yang dibuat menggunakan 3D printer. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan pembuatan produk pola cor menggunakan metode konvensional dan 3D printer. Pembuatan pola konvensional menggunakan proses pengerjaan kayu sedangakan pola 3D printer menggunkan 3D printer sistem stereolithography (SLA). Produk pola cor konvensional dan 3D printer kemudian dibandingkan dari sisi kualitas geometri dan presisian ukuran. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah pola cor hasil pembuatan dengan 3D printer memiliki keunggulan dalam kepresisian ukuran yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pola konvensional. Sedangkan untuk kualitas geometri dan kekasaran permukaan kedua metode sama-sama memiliki hasil yang baik. hal ini membuka peluang untuk melakukan tinjauan lebih mendalam mengenai aplikasi 3D printer dalam sektor pengecoran logam

Design and Development of Digital Twins: a Case Study in Supply Chains

Digital twin technology consists of creating virtual replicas of objects or processes that simulate the behavior of their real counterparts. The objective is to analyze its effectiveness or behavior in certain cases to improve its effectiveness. Applied to products, machines and even complete business ecosystems, the digital twin model can reveal information from the past, optimize the present and even predict the future performance of the different areas analyzed. In the context of supply chains, digital twins are changing the way they do business, providing a range of options to facilitate collaborative environments and data-based decision making and making business processes more robust. This paper proposes the design and development of a digital twin for a case study of a pharmaceutical company. The technology used is based on simulators, solvers and data analytic tools that allow these functions to be connected in an integral interface for the company.

Domestication as Enskilment: Harnessing Reindeer in Arctic Siberia

The study of reindeer domestication provides a unique opportunity to examine how domestication involves more than bodily changes in animals produced through selection. Domestication requires enskilment among humans and animals, and this process of pragmatic learning is dependent on specific forms of material culture. Particularly with the domestication of working animals, the use of such material culture may predate phenotypic and genetic changes produced through selective breeding. The Iamal region of Arctic Siberia is generating an increasingly diverse set of archeological data for reindeer domestication that evidences such processes. Three early sites, Ust’-Polui, Tiutei-Sale I, and Iarte VI, contain artifacts proposed to be parts of headgear worn by transport reindeer, the earliest dating to just over 2000 years ago. Contemporary Nenets reindeer herders scrutinized replicas of these archeological objects, and comparisons with historic reindeer harness parts from Arctic Russia were also made. Nenets consistently interpreted barbed L-shaped antler pieces from Iamal as parts of headgear for training young reindeer in pulling sleds. Some types of swivels were also interpreted as transport reindeer headgear. Based on these consultations with Nenets and observations of their ongoing reindeer domestication practices, we argue that material things such as headgear, harnesses, and sleds are not merely technological means of using or controlling reindeer in transportation but instead were part of the meshwork within which some reindeer became enskilled to being domestic. Domestication of reindeer and other animals involves ongoing efforts, landscapes, and made things, all of which form the environment within which domestic relationships emerge.

Implementation of learning instrument based on Lumion animation video to improve student learning outcome in building construction and utility course in SMKN 2 Garut

Learning Instrument based on animation video is an intermediary tool that may display certain object replica in form of moving animation. The use of properties in learning may stimulate visual of student to work actively absorbing whole material presented. The problems happened continuously on students of XI class in SMKN 2 Garut that do not comprehend the material optimally. The lecture and slide presentation method of learning that still rely on hearing sense tend to be outmoded. As a result, the instrument development is needed in order to overcome with the problems. The development of learning instrument based on animation video goals to improve student comprehension in basic competencies of bathroom/toilet detailed drawing, so that improve the learning outcome. The method used is Borg and Gall research and development method. The result is in form of instrument appropriateness that may be measured by the validation of instrument and material expert. The results are 88.75% for instrument and 92.50% for material in which is in category of “very descent”. Further, the usage test was conducted to find out the student response and outcome. The response shows that 24 students claimed “very agree” with an average percentage of 80.68%. Meanwhile, the average score of students’ outcome increased from 39.58 to 77.73. In conclusion, the usage test resulted gain index of 0.63 in improvement score of “Medium” range category.

Protocol to efficiently prevent illegal flow of objects in P2P type of publish/subscribe (PS) systems

In a P2PPS (P2P (peer-to-peer) type of topic-based PS (publish/subscribe)) model, each peer exchanges event messages including objects to target peers with no centralized coordinator where the objects are held as replicas by the target peers. Suppose an event message e carrying an object o on some topic t is delivered to a target peer $$p_i$$ which is not allowed to subscribe the topic t. Here, the object o is illegal at the peer $$p_i$$. In this paper, we newly propose an ETOBSCO (efficient topics-of-objects-based synchronization with causally ordering delivery) protocol where target peers deliver no illegal object. In addition, a peer distributes event messages to update every replica of an object after the peer updates the object. If a peer updates an object without changing topics, the object is referred to as altered. Here, an update event message for the altered object is meaningless since peers check only topics to exchange event messages. In this paper, update event messages of objects are published only if topics of the objects are updated. In the evaluation, we show about 30% of the total number of event messages delivered in the TOBSCO protocol are reduced in the ETOBSCO protocol while it takes about twice the amount of time to update replicas of altered objects in the ETOBSCO protocol compared with the TOBSCO protocol.

Optimizing Replica Migration in Cloud Data Centers

With the wide task of massive scale Internet affiliations and epic information, the cloud has changed into the perfect condition to fulfill the continually making storage request, by flawlessness of its indisputably monster inspiration driving restriction, high accessibility and snappier access time. In this novel condition, information replication has been touted as a total reaction for improve information accessibility and decreasing access time. Regardless, replica plan structures for the most part need to move and make vast information replicas after some time between and inside server farms, understanding a gigantic overhead to the degree system weight and accessibility. Cloud Storage Providers (CSPs) offer geographically information stores giving a couple of storage classes various costs. A colossal issue looking by cloud clients is the course by which to Abuse these storage instructions to serve an software program with a length switching fantastic development preserving up be executed on its subjects at any price price. This rate incorporates personal price (i.e., storage, Put and Get costs) and capacity migration price (i.E., kind out fee). To cope with this issue, we at the beginning suggest the best isolates calculation that usage dynamic and direct programming techniques with the supposition of on hand careful records of remarkable weight on articles. To enhance such charges, we on the start suggest the appropriate affiliation that use dynamic and direct programming structures with the supposition that the the relaxation of the burden on articles is notion early. We aside from advise a light-weight heuristic framework, brought on from a mistook estimation for the Set Covering Problem, which does no longer make any supposition at the article staying rule artwork. This device collectively alternatives object replicas region, object replicas migration times, and redirection of Get (read) sport plans to cope with replicas with the goal that the money related fee of facts storage the heap up is revived even as the consumer noticed nation of no interest is fulfilled. We chart the practicality of the proposed light-weight calculation regarding cost spare resources by techniques for wide redirections utilizing Clouds test system and searches for after from Twitter..

Data Location Management Protocol for Object Stores in a Fog Computing Infrastructure

Fog computing infrastructures have been proposed as an alternative to cloud computing to provide low latency computing for the Internet of Things (IoT). But no storage solutions have been proposed to work specifically in this environment. Existing solutions, relying on a distributed Hash Table to locate the data, are not efficient because location record may be placed far away from the object replicas. In this paper, we propose to use a tree-based approach to locate the data, inspired by the domain name system (DNS) protocol. In our protocol, servers look for the location of an object by requesting successively their ancestors in a tree built with a modified version of the Dijkstra’s algorithm applied to the physical topology. Location records are replicated close to the object replicas to limit the network traffic when requesting an object. We evaluate our approach on the Grid’5000 testbed using micro experiments with simple network topologies and a macro experiment using the topology of the French National Research and Education Network (RENATER). In this macro benchmark, we show that the time to locate an object in our approach is less than 15 ms on average which is around 20% shorter than using a traditional distributed Hash Table (DHT).

Use of 3D mesh geometries and additive manufacturing in neutron beam experiments

PGAI-NT, a neutron-based element composition and structure analysis method, is well applicable to the non-destructive characterization of valuable artefacts, paleontological, bulk geological samples or to industrial reverse engineering. To set up the measurement geometry and scanning positions for items with unconstrained shapes, sizes, and matrices, accurate knowledge of the object’s geometry is a must. We applied portable structured-light 3D optical scanning or segmented neutron/X-ray tomography data to produce 3D meshes of the complex samples. Subsequently, 3D printing was used to fabricate detailed replicas of museum objects, as well as their gentle ad hoc sample holders, or produce custom parts of the Budapest PGAA instrument.

Concrete and non-concrete: exploring the contemporary authenticity of historic replicas through an ethnographic study of the St John’s Cross replica, Iona

ABSTRACTWhat do we actually know about how replicas of historical objects and monuments ‘work’ in heritage contexts, in particular their authenticity, cultural significance and intangible qualities? In this article we examine this question drawing on ethnographic research surrounding the 1970 concrete replica of the eighth-century St John’s Cross on Iona, Scotland. Challenging traditional precepts that seek authenticity in qualities intrinsic to original historic objects, we show how replicas can acquire authenticity and ‘pastness’, linked to materiality, craft practices, creativity, and place. We argue that their authenticity is founded on the networks of relationships between people, places and things that they come to embody, as well as their dynamic material qualities. The cultural biographies of replicas, and the ‘felt relationships’ associated with them, play a key role in the generation and negotiation of authenticity, while at the same time informing the authenticity and value of their historic counterparts through the ‘composite biographies’ produced. As things in their own right, replicas can ‘work’ for us if we let them, particularly if clues are available about their makers’ passion, creativity and craft.

Dynamic replication and migration of data objects with hot-spot and cold-spot statuses across storage data centers

Cloud Storage Providers (CSPs) offer geographically dispersed data stores providing several storage classes with different prices. A vital problem faced by application providers is how to exploit price differences across data stores to minimize monetary cost of applications that include hot-spot objects that are accessed frequently and cold-spot objects that are often accessed far less. This monetary cost consists of replica creation, storage, Put, Get, and potential migration costs. To optimize such costs, we first propose the optimal solution that leverages dynamic and linear programming techniques with the assumption that the workload on objects is known in advance. We also propose a lightweight heuristic solution, inspired from an approximate algorithm for the Set Covering Problem, which does not make any assumption on the object workload. This solution jointly determines object replicas location, object replicas migration times, and redirection of Get (read) requests to object replicas so that the monetary cost of data storage management is optimized while the user-perceived latency is satisfied. We evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed lightweight algorithm in terms of cost savings via extensive simulations using CloudSim simulator and traces from Twitter. In addition, we have built a prototype system running over Amazon Web Service (AWS) and Microsoft Azure to evaluate the duration of objects migration within and across regions.

Can I touch this? Using Natural Interaction in a Museum Augmented Reality System

A general problem in museums is the limited accessibility to artifacts by museum visitors, due to their fragile nature, their uniqueness, or just the lack of physical space for exhibiting the objects. Moreover, only in extreme cases, visitors are allowed to touch the exhibits. Our work integrates Natural Interaction and Augmented Reality applied in a cultural heritage museum, to overcome the problems of inaccessibility and non-interaction with the museum artifacts. We use off the shelf digital components to provide a novel approach of interacting with 3D replicas of museum objects. Users are able to easily interact with digital content in a virtual environment mimicking physical environments. We evaluated the visitors’ experience using our system and report on its acceptance.

On the Synchronization Bottleneck of OpenStack Swift-Like Cloud Storage Systems

As one type of the most popular cloud storage services, OpenStack Swift and its follow-up systems replicate each object across multiple storage nodes and leverage object sync protocols to achieve high reliability and eventual consistency . The performance of object sync protocols heavily relies on two key parameters: $r$ (number of replicas for each object) and $n$ (number of objects hosted by each storage node). In existing tutorials and demos, the configurations are usually $r=3$ and $n by default, and the sync process seems to perform well. However, we discover in data-intensive scenarios, e.g., when $r>3$ and $n\gg 1,000$ , the sync process is significantly delayed and produces massive network overhead, referred to as the sync bottleneck problem . By reviewing the source code of OpenStack Swift, we find that its object sync protocol utilizes a fairly simple and network-intensive approach to check the consistency among replicas of objects. Hence in a sync round, the number of exchanged hash values per node is $\Theta (n\times r)$ . To tackle the problem, we propose a lightweight and practical object sync protocol, LightSync , which not only remarkably reduces the sync overhead, but also preserves high reliability and eventual consistency. LightSync derives this capability from three novel building blocks: 1) Hashing of Hashes , which aggregates all the $h$ hash values of each data partition into a single but representative hash value with the Merkle tree; 2) Circular Hash Checking , which checks the consistency of different partition replicas by only sending the aggregated hash value to the clockwise neighbor; and 3) Failed Neighbor Handling , which properly detects and handles node failures with moderate overhead to effectively strengthen the robustness of LightSync. The design of LightSync offers provable guarantee on reducing the per-node network overhead from $\Theta (n\times r)$ to $\Theta (\frac{n}{h})$ . Furthermore, we have implemented LightSync as an open-source patch and adopted it to OpenStack Swift, thus reducing the sync delay by up to 879 $\times$ and the network overhead by up to 47.5 $\times$ .

Trompe-l’oeil vagy stúdium? A gipszminták használata a hazai festészeti oktatásban, avagy egy ismeretlen magángyűjteményi darab meghatározásának tanulságai

In this article I make an attempt to determine the function of a so-far unpublished small painting unknown also for professionals. The painting is from the former collection of Rudolf Bedő (1891-19...