Abstract
This work presents a semi-automatic approach to the 3D reconstruction of Heritage-Building Information Models from point clouds based on machine learning techniques. The use of digital information systems leveraging on three-dimensional (3D) representations in architectural heritage documentation and analysis is ever increasing. For the creation of such repositories, reality-based surveying techniques, such as photogrammetry and laser scanning, allow the fast collection of reliable digital replicas of the study objects in the form of point clouds. Besides, their output is raw and unstructured, and the transition to intelligible and semantic 3D representations is still a scarcely automated and time-consuming process requiring considerable human intervention. More refined methods for 3D data interpretation of heritage point clouds are therefore sought after. In tackling these issues, the proposed approach relies on (i) the application of machine learning techniques to semantically label 3D heritage data by identification of relevant geometric, radiometric and intensity features, and (ii) the use of the annotated data to streamline the construction of Heritage-Building Information Modeling (H-BIM) systems, where purely geometric information derived from surveying is associated with semantic descriptors on heritage documentation and management. The “Grand-Ducal Cloister” dataset, related to the emblematic case study of the Pisa Charterhouse, is discussed.
Highlights
Thanks to the development of computer vision and digital modeling techniques, heritage information systems are today increasingly exploited
This paper aims to propose a semiautomatic approach to the transition from unstructured point clouds, derived from surveying, to Heritage-Building Information Models
Theproposed proposedpipeline pipeline for for the the semiautomated semiautomated transition tothe thesemantically semantically rich representation can be applied by conservators, engineers, rich Heritage-Building Information Modeling (H-BIM) representation can be applied by conservators, engineers, ararchitects and restorers to update, update, retrieve retrieve and chitects and restorers to and archive archive the theavailable availableheritage heritageinformation information within a shared digital information system, preserving the connection between realitybased and parametric models
Summary
Thanks to the development of computer vision and digital modeling techniques, heritage information systems are today increasingly exploited. The available information produced in the framework of architectural heritage studies can today be referred directly to a three-dimensional (3D) representation of the study object. This allows several tasks to be accomplished, including the mapping of materials and degradation states [1,2,3,4], the depiction of frescoed surfaces [5], morphological and historical analyses [6,7] and the detection of areas needing recovery measures [8,9]. Heritage documentation and dissemination activities, such as on-site observations, analysis and intervention can be interrelated within a digital environment, allowing multitemporal and multilayered management of the available information [10,11].
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