Object-oriented Systems Analysis Research Articles

Development of an Improved Solid Waste Management System in Nigeria Using Smart IOT Devices

Rapid rise in inhabitants across the globe has led to the inadmissible management of waste in various countries, giving rise to various health issues and environmental pollution. Waste management is a daily task in urban areas, which requires a large amount of labour resources and affects natural, budgetary, efficiency, and social aspects. Many approaches have been proposed and implemented in developed countries to optimize waste management, such as smart waste in and route optimization. However, these technologies are still new in developing countries and have been implemented fully. The waste-collecting trucks collect waste just once or twice in seven days. The poor and improper disposal of waste produces toxic gases, and radiation in the environment, which has adverse effects on human health. The agency managing waste in Nigeria lack proper coordination to ensure better result. These challenges motivated this research. The research develop an improved solid waste management system using IoT sensors. The robust web-based system, coordinate and manage all the trucks, drivers and revenue generated from waste disposal to ensure better result when compared with existing method. The methodology adopted for this system is Object Oriented System analysis and designed (OOAD) methodology for the web based system, and Embedded C++ is used for the algorithm that controls the sensor reading. However, the MQ5, MQ7, MQ135 and Load cell sensors were used for dumpsite monitoring. While Ardunino Controller and Sim808 Gate way are used for System connection and transmission. The result from the simulated work, shows that air quality and waste bin level can monitored concurrently, which boost the efficiency of the new system. Moreover, the incorporation of load cell sensor at the dumpsite also help the regulatory body to computing the efficiency of the evacuation process of truck drivers. The readings of gas sensors on air quality from simulated environment were compared with six membership performance index (MID) of WHO air quality standard. The result shows that the simulated dumpsites were able to capture five out of the six MID. This represents 83.33% compliance to the WHO standard. The Improved solid waste management system developed in this work will help for proper coordination of waste collection and disposal, to ensure a clean and healthy environment that provides transparency in the business of waste management upon its implementation Keywords: Development, Solid Waste, Management, Smart and IOT Devices

Narrowing and heuristic search for symbolic reachability analysis of concurrent object-oriented systems

A concurrent system specified as a rewrite theory can be analyzed symbolically using narrowing-based reachability analysis. Narrowing-based approaches have been applied to formally analyze cryptographic protocols and parameterized protocols. However, existing narrowing-based analysis methods, based on a breadth-first-search strategy, cannot deal with generic distributed systems with objects and messages due to the symbolic state-space explosion problem and implicit constraints imposed on object-oriented systems. This paper proposes a heuristic search approach for narrowing-based reachability analysis to guide the search for counterexamples with a small number of objects. As a result, our method can effectively find a counterexample if an error state is reachable. In addition, this paper also shows how to encode implicit object-oriented constraints using order-sorted signatures and equational constraints. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique using a nontrivial distributed consensus algorithm.

Detection of cucumber and watermelon diseases based on image processing techniques using K-means algorithm

Agriculture in Nigeria is a branch of its economy providing employment for over 70% of its population and contributing about 41% to it gross domestic production (GDP). Nigeria’s wide range of climate variations allows it to produce a variety of food and cash crops. Cucumber/watermelon is among the few varieties of fruits and vegetables produced in the country. The need for steady monitoring of the plants is necessary to detect and control the spread of its diseases. Common practices for detecting these plants diseases are mostly based on direct observation of the affected plant, which are sometimes erroneous. Laboratory analysis can also be used for plant diseases detection but mostly costly and time consuming. Digital image processing can identify and grade the diseases in cucumber/watermelon. This will aid in describing and predicting the performance of the said cultivated crops, hence increasing the production yield. Although, official disease recognition is a responsibility of professional agriculturists, low-cost observation and computational assisted diagnosis can effectively help in the recognition of a plant disease in its early stages. The application software was designed based on Object Oriented System Analysis and Design Methodology while UML was used to model the system; MATLAB was used in designing the front-end and the database is MYSQL Server. The developed system works efficiently and can successfully detect and classify the specified diseases in cucumber/watermelon with a precision between 92% and 98%.

Proposed Model for Remote Maintenance of CCTV Cameras

A data center is a physical facility in which an organization stores its critical applications and data. In our paper, the researchers developed an Android model for surveillance CCTV system maintenance and fault identification. The descriptive analytic approach and object-oriented systems analysis and design approach were used. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) was used as a tool in analysis and design, and Java was used as a programming language to develop an Android model to maintain CCTV faults. Image freezing, incorrect time and date, and video delay were resolved. It has been developed an Android model that works on smart phones to monitor and maintain surveillance CCTV systems. This model allows users to view faults reports and fix camera faults, such as (image freezing, camera image delay, and incorrect time on the camera) in surveillance CCTV systems from anywhere that has Internet access.

An Adaptable Ontology for Easy and Efficient University Data Management in Niger Delta University

The structure, variety and quantity of some current web content are limited in efficient exploration due to difficulty in searching and locating a specific content. A case is the Niger Delta University where there is no unified online structure holding relevant university data. This is because there is no common data model to manage the data for which such query can easily be interpreted semantically. Therefore, this paper presents the application of semantic web technology for the unification of university data management. This research prepares the ground for the advent of software agents and other applications that require structured data for their computational processes. The ontology development follows an iterative path of the Object-Oriented System Analysis and Design (OOSAD) methodology. SPARQL was used as the query language for testing the ontology. The result is a semantically structured data that is deployable and can be expanded and adapted in other institutions.

Implementation of a Centralized Reference Database for GSM Service Providers in Nigeria

The advent of Global System for Mobile communication also known as GSM in Nigeria (although has provided Nigerians with effective telecommunication services) leveraged many societal ills. This has not only complicated the security problem in the country; it has also affected the economy negatively. To effectively and efficiently check these ills, a centralized referenced database for all the GSM operators in the country is of utmost important. This study is concerned with the design and implementation of a simulated centralized reference database for GSM providers in Nigeria. The traditional individual operator’s databases have not been efficient in providing access points that could allow security and regulatory bodies to monitor at real time, the activities of suspicious users. This study simulated a centralized reference database for GSM providers in Nigeria because of their cost implication. The Object-Oriented System Analysis and Design Methodology (OOSADM) were used for the analysis while the implementation was done using HTML, CSS, PHP and MYSQL database technologies. The system developed, provided access points to security and regulatory agents to monitor user activities at real time. It also performs user SIM registration; sends SMS; provide call detail records; blacklist suspicious subscriber at real time and monitor processes. The test result showed that security agents were able to receive feedback from the system seconds after a user action.

An Improved Microcontroller Based Automated Home Using GSM Phone

The advancements in technology in the world tend to make life for humans better. As time progresses, new technologies as well as improvement of existing technologies consistently given birth to a better, comfortable, safe and more secured way of living. One of these technologies which fosters better living in recent times is the smart home technology. This enables house owners to interact with their home. It brings about stress-free and risk-free means of controlling household system. This paper presents the utilisation of cheap and open-source materials in the development of a Short Messaging Service (SMS-based) smart home system. These materials include the Arduino microcontroller, SIM800l GSM module, electric relay, and some basic electronic components. Object-oriented system analysis and design (OOAD) was adopted as the development methodology for the research. Upon testing, the system was able to receive commands via SMS in order to turn on and off of Alternating Current (AC) appliances at home. Also, the system sends acknowledgement message to the sender to confirm if the command was carried out or not. It could check if the command it received was sent from the house owner’s phone or not. If command was from the house owner’s phone, the command is honored but if not, it is discarded. This is a feature that enables the home appliances not to be controlled by unauthorized persons.

Конструювання інформаційних баз даних риб: підготовка даних і об’єктно-орієнтований системний аналіз

Конструювання інформаційних баз даних риб: підготовка даних і об’єктно-орієнтований системний аналіз

Desain Sistem Berorientasi Objek Pada Retail Minimarket Surya Mart

The process of a minimarket retail business needs a system infrastructure so that the management process is easier to do and business processes can run more effectively. In this research, a system design process is carried out to give an overview of the business units at the Surya Mart minimarket retail, to create a system design object-oriented system analysis by making a UML diagram (unified modeling language) including making use case diagrams, activity diagrams, sequence diagram, and class diagram. From the results of the analysis, the results of this study obtain the results of a design or system design in the form of user interface design, database structure and structured query language to become a reference in the development process of the business to become a product application for the Surya Mart retail minimarket business process.

To-many or to-one? all-in-one! efficient purely functional multi-maps with type-heterogeneous hash-tries

An immutable multi-map is a many-to-many map data structure with expected fast insert and lookup operations. This data structure is used for applications processing graphs or many-to-many relations as applied in compilers, runtimes of programming languages, or in static analysis of object-oriented systems. Collection data structures are assumed to carefully balance execution time of operations with memory consumption characteristics and need to scale gracefully from a few elements to multiple gigabytes at least. When processing larger in-memory data sets the overhead of the data structure encoding itself becomes a memory usage bottleneck, dominating the overall performance. In this paper we propose AXIOM, a novel hash-trie data structure that allows for a highly efficient and type-safe multi-map encoding by distinguishing inlined values of singleton sets from nested sets of multi-mappings. AXIOM strictly generalizes over previous hash-trie data structures by supporting the processing of fine-grained type-heterogeneous content on the implementation level (while API and language support for type-heterogeneity are not scope of this paper). We detail the design and optimizations of AXIOM and further compare it against state-of-the-art immutable maps and multi-maps in Java, Scala and Clojure. We isolate key differences using microbenchmarks and validate the resulting conclusions on a case study in static analysis. AXIOM reduces the key-value storage overhead by 1.87x; with specializing and inlining across collection boundaries it improves by 5.1x.

Mapping of Activities for Object-Oriented System Analysis

Abstract Even though object-oriented approach exists for more than 20 years, there are many issues regarding objectoriented system analysis: ambiguity, incompleteness and redundancy in requirements, difficulties with definition and traceability of non-functional requirements, requirements ignorant of business processes that are important for business operations and others. Although software can be engineered using many methodologies, different approaches to the analysis should be considered as they can provide a solution to the known issues. The paper describes the result of the research on object-oriented system analysis in a form of mapping activities offered in advanced software development methods.

Application of triangulation approach in requirements engineering process: A study in analysis and design of the pediatrics epilepsy information system

: Introduction: Requirements Engineering process is a crucial phase in software development. In order to achieve a successful design of health information systems (HISs), applying the best methodologies is essential. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to design pediatrics Epilepsy Information System (EPIS) as well as the use of triangulation approach in elicitation and validation of epilepsy information system requirements in its engineering process. Methods: This applied study was carried out in Bandar Abbas pediatric hospital. Triangulation approach based on three different analyses and validation methods in requirements engineering process was applied. To do the triangulation work, as well as designing a usable system, according to the most common User Centered Design (UCD) methods, we use three well-known methodological approaches in UCD: (a) Object-Oriented System Analysis (OOSA); (b) Hierarchical Task Analysis; and, (c) Prototyping. The results of each of these methods were analyzed by selected clinical staff, iterative cycle in models design also continued until lack of need for new changes. Then final results were presented in a general category in the form of triangulation matrix. Results: 55 high-level requirements with minimum information items to store information of hospitalized epileptic patients obtained from multiple methods. The greatest requirements (84%) were identified or validated in the OOSA step, some requirements (13%) have been identified only in the design and evaluation of prototype. Conclusion: Triangulation approach helped us in confirmation of findings, and finally enhance the credibility of the study. Health informatics specialists should try to use of multiple methods in the early phases of systems design that lead to a rich and comprehensive picture of HIS requirements.

Tiếp cận hướng đối tượng cho hệ thống thông tin kho bạc nhà nước

The State Treasury of Vietnam (VNST) has been facing computerization need to carry out its heavy duty. In order to set up the information system for VNST, one approach of system analysis and design must be chosen. With its advantage features, Object-Oriented Approach is popularly used in the current information system community. The Object-Oriented Approach for the information system of VNST is introduced. For the whole system, this approach can reduce significantly the development cost and time, meanwhile keeping the reliant of the life-cycle. The object-oriented system analysis and design for the personnel subsystem has been described as an illustration of the technique in details.

A Process-Based Analysis Of Object-Oriented System Analysis And Design

System Analysis and Design (SAND), is critical for any system development project. Most new systems are built using Object-Oriented System Analysis and Design (OOSAND). This paper critically examined and analyzed the OOSAND methodology to discover the underlying principles and rationales based on the inherent processes. There are a few past studies that had examined the factors influencing the processes but few had examined the processes themselves. This paper focuses on the SAND processes and examines the pragmatic issues concerning them. The significance of this research is that the knowledge gained in this exercise will provide systems analyst/programmers a better heuristics to migrate legacy systems to the new object-oriented system and enable higher analyst/programmer efficiency and effectiveness in conducting SAND.

User-centered requirements engineering in health information systems: A study in the hemophilia field

The use of sophisticated information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the health care domain is a way to improve the quality of services. However, there are also hazards associated with the introduction of ICTs in this domain and a great number of projects have failed due to the lack of systematic consideration of human and other non-technology issues throughout the design or implementation process, particularly in the requirements engineering process.This paper presents the methodological approach followed in the design process of a web-based information system (WbIS) for managing the clinical information in hemophilia care, which integrates the values and practices of user-centered design (UCD) activities into the principles of software engineering, particularly in the phase of requirements engineering (RE). This process followed a paradigm that combines a grounded theory for data collection with an evolutionary design based on constant development and refinement of the generic domain model using three well-known methodological approaches: (a) object-oriented system analysis; (b) task analysis; and, (c) prototyping, in a triangulation work. This approach seems to be a good solution for the requirements engineering process in this particular case of the health care domain, since the inherent weaknesses of individual methods are reduced, and emergent requirements are easier to elicit. Moreover, the requirements triangulation matrix gives the opportunity to look across the results of all used methods and decide what requirements are critical for the system success.

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of The Constructionist Approach To Object-Oriented Systems Analysis And Design Pedagogy

A major limitation in traditional classes in systems analysis and design is that students often are unable to "experience" the process in a real world setting. This limitation can be overcome by using the constructionist approach in a local environment that includes the students working in teams to develop a system design based on a real organization. This allows them to be involved in the process to "do" or "construct" knowledge as they work on the system design. This paper describes a case scenario that was developed based on the constructionist approach, to teach students object-oriented systems analysis and design (OOAD) using the Unified Process. A proof of concept evaluation was conducted and the results indicate that this approach is effective in OOAD pedagogy.

Structural modelling and analysis of Object Oriented Systems: a graph theoretic system approach

Object oriented methodology is becoming popular in the development of present day software. It is necessary to analyse architecture at the early stages of the development life cycle in order to avoid pitfalls in the quality of finished product. In the present work, a unitary system methodology for structural (architecture) modelling and analysis of Object-Oriented Systems (OOSs) is presented that describes the characteristics of performance, quality and reliability. The current work is an attempt to formulate computationally simple and analytical method to develop the structural design and analysis of OOS.

D-2 SUPERSTES – Breast cancer survival query and report system

The aim of this study was to present our perspectives on healthcare information analysis at a conceptual level and the lessons learned from our experience with the development of a terminology-based enterprise electronic nursing record system – which was one of components in an EMR system at a tertiary teaching hospital in Korea – using an object-oriented system analysis and design concept.To ensure a systematic approach and effective collaboration, the department of nursing constituted a system modeling team comprising a project manager, systems analysts, user representatives, an object-oriented methodology expert, and healthcare informaticists (including the authors). A rational unified process (RUP) and the Unified Modeling Language were used as a development process and for modeling notation, respectively.From the scenario and RUP approach, user requirements were formulated into use case sets and the sequence of activities in the scenario was depicted in an activity diagram. The structure of the system was presented in a class diagram.This approach allowed us to identify clearly the structural and behavioral states and important factors of a terminology-based ENR system (e.g., business concerns and system design concerns) according to the viewpoints of both domain and technical experts.

Modeling a terminology-based electronic nursing record system: An object-oriented approach

Objective The aim of this study was to present our perspectives on healthcare information analysis at a conceptual level and the lessons learned from our experience with the development of a terminology-based enterprise electronic nursing record system – which was one of components in an EMR system at a tertiary teaching hospital in Korea – using an object-oriented system analysis and design concept. Methods To ensure a systematic approach and effective collaboration, the department of nursing constituted a system modeling team comprising a project manager, systems analysts, user representatives, an object-oriented methodology expert, and healthcare informaticists (including the authors). A rational unified process (RUP) and the Unified Modeling Language were used as a development process and for modeling notation, respectively. Results From the scenario and RUP approach, user requirements were formulated into use case sets and the sequence of activities in the scenario was depicted in an activity diagram. The structure of the system was presented in a class diagram. Conclusion This approach allowed us to identify clearly the structural and behavioral states and important factors of a terminology-based ENR system (e.g., business concerns and system design concerns) according to the viewpoints of both domain and technical experts.

Computer aided manufacturing planning for mass customization: part 3, information modeling

To facilitate the computer-aided manufacturing planning (CAMP) for mass customization, an information model is developed for integrating the information exchange in different levels of CAMP activities. The correlative relationships between product design and manufacturing processes are established by using an object-oriented system analysis model so that the manufacturing system design can be adaptive to the change of the product design. The information model is implemented in a prototype CAMP system for part family.