Development of an Improved Solid Waste Management System in Nigeria Using Smart IOT Devices

Abstract

Rapid rise in inhabitants across the globe has led to the inadmissible management of waste in various countries, giving rise to various health issues and environmental pollution. Waste management is a daily task in urban areas, which requires a large amount of labour resources and affects natural, budgetary, efficiency, and social aspects. Many approaches have been proposed and implemented in developed countries to optimize waste management, such as smart waste in and route optimization. However, these technologies are still new in developing countries and have been implemented fully. The waste-collecting trucks collect waste just once or twice in seven days. The poor and improper disposal of waste produces toxic gases, and radiation in the environment, which has adverse effects on human health. The agency managing waste in Nigeria lack proper coordination to ensure better result. These challenges motivated this research. The research develop an improved solid waste management system using IoT sensors. The robust web-based system, coordinate and manage all the trucks, drivers and revenue generated from waste disposal to ensure better result when compared with existing method. The methodology adopted for this system is Object Oriented System analysis and designed (OOAD) methodology for the web based system, and Embedded C++ is used for the algorithm that controls the sensor reading. However, the MQ5, MQ7, MQ135 and Load cell sensors were used for dumpsite monitoring. While Ardunino Controller and Sim808 Gate way are used for System connection and transmission. The result from the simulated work, shows that air quality and waste bin level can monitored concurrently, which boost the efficiency of the new system. Moreover, the incorporation of load cell sensor at the dumpsite also help the regulatory body to computing the efficiency of the evacuation process of truck drivers. The readings of gas sensors on air quality from simulated environment were compared with six membership performance index (MID) of WHO air quality standard. The result shows that the simulated dumpsites were able to capture five out of the six MID. This represents 83.33% compliance to the WHO standard. The Improved solid waste management system developed in this work will help for proper coordination of waste collection and disposal, to ensure a clean and healthy environment that provides transparency in the business of waste management upon its implementation Keywords: Development, Solid Waste, Management, Smart and IOT Devices