Socioeconomic Determinants of Malnutrition in East Africa:Addressing Poverty, Inequality, and Access to Resources

Abstract

Malnutrition was a significant public health challenge in East Africa, driven by a complex interplay of socioeconomic determinants such as poverty, inequality, and limited access to essential resources including healthcare, education, and clean water. This review examined the role of poverty in perpetuating malnutrition, highlighting how economic constraints limit food security, dietary quality, and healthcare access, thus exacerbating undernutrition and related health issues. The impact of gender inequality was also explored, demonstrating how systemic barriers to resources and opportunities for women adversely affect nutritional outcomes for both women and children. Furthermore, the review discussed the critical importance of access to essential resources, emphasizing how deficiencies in healthcare infrastructure, educational opportunities, and clean water and sanitation contribute to the persistence of malnutrition. Using a comprehensive literature review methodology, this paper underscored the need for integrated policy interventions that address the socioeconomic roots of malnutrition, advocating for poverty alleviation, gender equality, and improved access to essential services to foster a healthier and more equitable future for East Africa.