Object-oriented Programming Research Articles

IFDS-based Context Debloating for Object-Sensitive Pointer Analysis

Object-sensitive pointer analysis, which separates the calling contexts of a method by its receiver objects, is known to achieve highly useful precision for object-oriented languages such as Java. Despite recent advances, all object-sensitive pointer analysis algorithms still suffer from the scalability problem due to the combinatorial explosion of contexts in large programs. In this article, we introduce a new approach, Conch , that can be applied to debloat contexts for all object-sensitive pointer analysis algorithms, thereby improving significantly their efficiency while incurring a negligible loss of precision. Our key insight is to approximate a recently proposed set of two necessary conditions for an object in a program to be context-sensitive, i.e., context-dependent (whose precise verification is undecidable) with a set of three linearly verifiable conditions in terms of the number of edges in the pointer assignment graph (PAG) representation of the program. These three linearly verifiable conditions, which turn out to be almost always necessary in practice, are synthesized from three key observations regarding context-dependability for the objects created and used in real-world object-oriented programs. To develop a practical implementation for Conch , we introduce an IFDS-based algorithm for reasoning about object reachability in the PAG of a program, which runs linearly in terms of the number of edges in the PAG. By debloating contexts for three representative object-sensitive pointer analysis algorithms, which are applied to a set of representative Java programs, Conch can speed up these three baseline algorithms substantially at only a negligible loss of precision (less than 0.1%) with respect to several commonly used precision metrics. In addition, Conch also improves their scalability by enabling them to analyze substantially more programs to completion than before (under a time budget of 12 hours). Conch has been open-sourced (http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~corg/tools/conch), opening up new opportunities for other researchers and practitioners to further improve this research. To demonstrate this, we introduce one extension of Conch to accelerate further the three baselines without losing any precision, providing further insights on extending Conch to make precision-efficiency tradeoffs in future research.

Method of object-oriented modeling of steam turbine plants taking into account variations in turbine efficiency under variable operating modes

The article proposes an object-oriented method for modeling steam turbine plants. The novelty of the method is in the application of a steam turbine model that takes into account variations in internal efficiency under variable operating modes.The article presents the results of theoretical substantiation of nonlinear dependence of the power of the turbine compartments on the steam flow passing through them, based on the change in the internal efficiency of the stages under variable modes described by the Stodola-Flugel equation. An empirical dependence of the efficiency of the stage operation on the relative steam consumption is proposed. Recommendations on the use of empirical form in the development of models of steam turbine compartments are given. The empirical dependences of the relative internal efficiency of turbine compartments obtained from the results of thermal tests of an operating turbine unit are presented.As a factor of practical significance of the research, a model of PT-60-130/13 type steam turbine plant has been developed involving the use of an object-oriented programming language. Recommendations on the description of classes of objects within the steam turbine plant. The developed STP model enables to simulate any operating modes depending on electrical and thermal loads, as well as to take into account the influence of deviations of external factors from nominal values when developing a system of corrections or estimating an increase in fuel consumption associated with these deviations.

Automatic assessment of object oriented programming assignments with unit testing in Python and a real case assignment

AbstractIn this paper, we focus on developing automatic assessment (AA) for a topic that has some difficulties in its practical assessment: object oriented programming (OOP). For evaluating that the OOP principles have been correctly applied to a real application, we use unit testing. In this paper, we focus on prioritizing that the students understand and apply correctly complex OOP principles and that they design properly the classes (including their relationships). In addition, we focus on the Python programming language rather than the typical previous works' focus in this area. Thus, we present a real case study of a practical assignment, in which the students have to implement characters for a video game. This assignment has the particularities and advantages that it is incremental and that it applies all four OOP principles within a single assignment. We also present its solution with the UML class diagram description. Furthermore, we provide unit testing for this case study and give general advice for generalizing the unit tests to other real case scenarios. Finally, we corroborate the effectiveness of our approach with positive student evaluations.

Perancangan Website Sistem Informasi Penunjuk Arah Wifi id Wilayah Semarang

Wifi@id internet is a public service of technology-based Wifi / Hotspot provided by TELKOM Group. WiFi@id wifi is a promising business for the company because of its CDMA business declined previously lived. Problems that occur at this time is the lack of information between users with id being wifi locations. It causes the user to access the wifi en manual are based on the location, while the location of wifi id contained in the shared location. Design website information systems and route search nearby directions wifi @ id is located. This website system enables users to find the location nearest wifi id with the position where the user is located. This mapping information design using a model of the development of the SDLC (system development life cycle), namely the development of a model system in stages starting from the analysis, the initial design, through implementation phase object-oriented programming is UML (unified modeling language), the data collection techniques namely observation and interviews. Conclusion of this website information system that can manage data wifi, managing user data, and know the location of the user's location.

A Chisel Framework for Flexible Design Space Exploration through a Functional Approach

As the need for efficient digital circuits is ever growing in the industry, the design of such systems remains daunting, requiring both expertise and time. In an attempt to close the gap between software development and hardware design, powerful features such as functional and object-oriented programming have been used to define new languages, known as Hardware Construction Languages. In this article, we investigate the usage of such languages—more precisely, of Chisel—in the context of Design Space Exploration, and propose a novel design methodology to build custom and adaptable design flows. We apply an innovative functional approach to define flexible strategies for design space exploration, based on the composition of basic exploration steps, and provide a library of basic strategies along with a proof-of-concept framework—which we believe to be the first Chisel-based DSE framework. This framework fully integrates within the ecosystem of Chisel to allow users to define their DSE processes in the same framework (and language) they use to describe their designs. We demonstrate our methodology through several use cases, illustrating how our functional approach makes it possible to consider various metrics of interest when building exploration processes—in particular, we provide a quality of service -driven exploration example. The methodology presented in this work makes use of designers’ expertise to reduce the time required for hardware design, in particular for Design Space Exploration, and its application should ease digital design and enhance hardware developers’ productivity.

An object-oriented programming solution for managing inventory of used cars in Kenya using inheritance relationships

The industry of buying and selling used cars in Kenya has continued to grow by leaps and bounds. There are many dealers who have opened shops in Nairobi, Mombasa, and many other towns locally. Therefore, having a software solution that can manage this data appropriately is important for the day- to-day running of these businesses. Inheritance is a key concept in object-oriented programming that uses the concepts of generalization and specialization. Inheritance allows a new class to extend an existing class. The new class inherits the members of the class it extends. This review paper explores the use of inheritance in developing software that used car dealers can find useful in managing their data.

The CryoGrid community model (version 1.0) – a multi-physics toolbox for climate-driven simulations in the terrestrial cryosphere

Abstract. The CryoGrid community model is a flexible toolbox for simulating the ground thermal regime and the ice–water balance for permafrost and glaciers, extending a well-established suite of permafrost models (CryoGrid 1, 2, and 3). The CryoGrid community model can accommodate a wide variety of application scenarios, which is achieved by fully modular structures through object-oriented programming. Different model components, characterized by their process representations and parameterizations, are realized as classes (i.e., objects) in CryoGrid. Standardized communication protocols between these classes ensure that they can be stacked vertically. For example, the CryoGrid community model features several classes with different complexity for the seasonal snow cover, which can be flexibly combined with a range of classes representing subsurface materials, each with their own set of process representations (e.g., soil with and without water balance, glacier ice). We present the CryoGrid architecture as well as the model physics and defining equations for the different model classes, focusing on one-dimensional model configurations which can also interact with external heat and water reservoirs. We illustrate the wide variety of simulation capabilities for a site on Svalbard, with point-scale permafrost simulations using, e.g., different soil freezing characteristics, drainage regimes, and snow representations, as well as simulations for glacier mass balance and a shallow water body. The CryoGrid community model is not intended as a static model framework but aims to provide developers with a flexible platform for efficient model development. In this study, we document both basic and advanced model functionalities to provide a baseline for the future development of novel cryosphere models.

INVESTIGATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS AND ALGORITHMS FOR ANALYZING VIDEO-EEG MONITORING OF DELAYED CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA AFTER SUBARACHNOID HAEMORRHAGE

Abstract. This work aims to study and develop methods and tools for analyzing video-EEG monitoring of delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid haemorrhage. A study was made of methods and algorithms for processing video images, which are supposed to be used to recognize life events and medical care for a patient, which can lead to artefacts in the patient’s EEG records. An approach to video monitoring of the patient was proposed and tested on real video monitoring data using object-oriented logic programming methods in combination with neural network methods for image analysis.

Teaching Reform of Object-oriented Programming Curriculum based on Contextual Teaching Method

Object-oriented programming is the core professional course offered by artificial intelligence major in most colleges and universities. As an important compulsory programming course, how to let the students quickly master complex abstract grammar knowledge, have good practical coding ability, and to apply their knowledge to analyze and solve basic problems in the field of artificial intelligence, need scientific and effective exploration and practice for the teaching mode. Combined with the practical teaching implementation, we take C++ programming course as an example to discuss the teaching reform ideas and practical effect of object-oriented programming curriculum under the guidance of contextual teaching method.

APPLIED SOFTWARE FOR PERSONAL INFORMATION STORAGE

In today's world, the personal information of any person can be conventionally divided into two large categories: general and special. As you can understand from the name, the first category is responsible for the type of data that can be found in public access, namely: surname, first name, patronymic, signature, place and date of birth, citizenship, marital status, education, bank details, etc. Such a variety of personal data requires different methods and automated means of storage. Today, private and state institutions increasingly refuse to store information in paper form. This is explained by the low level of security of such storage facilities, which can be affected by fire, water, pests, etc. Information that exists in paper form is very easy to lose, for example, misplaced or lost during movement. It is shown that digital storage of information makes it possible to get rid of such problems. Personal data that is stored electronically can often be recovered even if the device from which it was accessed is lost. One of the main types of personal information in modern society is login data: login and password. That is why the algorithmic and software of the automated system for saving the user's personal data was developed. This system should enable the user to generate passwords resistant to standard hacking methods and store them in the database. The development of the automated system took place using the MVC architectural template, which is one of the options for implementing a multi-level architectural model. For detailed design and coding, an object-oriented Java programming language with static strict typing was chosen. It was also decided to develop an automated system in the form of a web application using the Spring framework. During the development process, a local database was designed, which will store personal data in the form of logins and passwords entered by the user or generated by the system itself. An algorithm for generating hack-resistant passwords has been developed. Hash algorithms are also used as an additional protection of the main password of the web application. A graphical interface has been created that allows the user to access the main functions of the automated system.

Implications of spring-like air compressibility effects in floating coaxial-duct OWCs: Experimental and numerical investigation

The paper analyses the spring-like air compressibility effect in coaxial-duct oscillating-water-column (CD-OWC) wave energy converters (WECs). This is accomplished through a novel non-linear time-domain model for OWC WECs implemented in the object-oriented language Modelica. Good agreement was observed between numerical and physical model testing results. The air chamber volume significantly affected the spring-like air compressibility effect and the converter performance. Another significant factor is the damping level of the power take-off system. Both fixed and floating CD-OWC versions were numerically investigated, focusing on the compressibility effect. Differences were found mainly due to the additional degrees of freedom in floating configurations. In general, numerical and experimental results showed that air compressibility might positively or negatively affect device power performance in regular waves, depending on whether the frequency is within or out of an interval defined by critical frequencies. Some particular points were observed and categorised as Equicompressum Nullum and Equicompressum critical points, representing different characteristics. Knowledge of these critical values might be important in OWC control. Finally, some applications of the CD-OWC concept are discussed, including considerations on the power output level provided by biradial and Wells air turbines.

Analysis of Expert System Implementation in Computer Damage Diagnosis with Forward Chaining Method

The necessity for computerization is currently growing quickly because computers are now necessary for all needs connected to business and daily life. Therefore, users' ability to quickly and easily access information seems to be hindered by maintenance and repairs. An expert system is a computer-based method that uses facts, knowledge, and reasoning to solve issues that are often best handled by a subject-matter expert. Expert systems are created for expertise that is close to human capabilities in a given sector. A computer expert currently needs a lot of time to diagnose computer damage, and even technicians frequently put off their work in order to come up with fixes. Forward chaining was used in the construction of this system. In order to derive conclusions, forward chaining is employed to test the given factors against the recorded rules in the system. As a result, this expert system was developed to assist users in dealing with the damage and early maintenance that frequently affect computer systems. using computers in everyday tasks.If we are familiar with the Forward Chaining method used by the expert system to trace computer damage, the known crash features to address frequent crashes on that PC, and the application in object-oriented programming languages such as Visual Basic 6.0, we can determine where the damage is located.

Management by processes from the coordination of the Career of Information systems

The investigative work has as its main objective to automate and systematize, through a computer application, the process of enrollment and record of grades of Basic Education schools, for this purpose the research is based theoretically on the educational and computer precepts related to the subject such as the generally accepted Evaluation, Qualification and Promotion of Students. A fourth level programming language as a global trend in developing systems for the public and private sectors. The methodology used in the design of the system was based on the client-server network structure and the MySQL application for data storage management, through the use of forms and OOP object-oriented programming, the realization of the system constitutes a fact of great importance and importance both for the users of the software developed based on the facilities generated by its use as well as for the author of the same based on the great experience that deeply enriched his professional training. The system resulted in the development of a computer product for real use in the educational sector and with a great impact on customer satisfaction and the performance of the employer, for this reason the application of the system at the local, regional and national level is recommended, in addition to the establishment for which it was originally designed.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF AGGREGATION AND INHERITANCE STRATEGIES IN INCREMENTAL PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT

Programming computers has been a herculean task for most programmers especially when codes grow into complex and larger software systems with multiple subprograms. Object Oriented Programming (OOP) has reduced the difficulty in the development of elegant and scalable software by presenting robust concepts such as composition, inheritance and aggregation. All these concepts have enormous assistance to the software developer in code reuse. Also these techniques can be used to build applications which can be delivered to customers in a record time. In this research a critical study, review and implementation of software building and enhancement using aggregation and inheritance. A module is built with attributes defining it properties and methods its characteristics. Incrementally more modules were added to the previous modules using either aggregation or inheritance technique. This incremental approach has proven tremendous success in software development. This as buttressed by many software development theories have shown that: software is built not manufactured; software is a collection of programs with functions and attributes based on its enhancement, also incremental software development which involves building systems from sub-systems gives a better understanding of software development process. Also the process of writing bug-free programs can be achieved with lesser difficulty which can be achieved when programs are built using modular or incremental software development approach, which employs mostly aggregation while moderately using inheritance only if all the properties and methods of those modules are needed wholesomely in classes. The result from the research will help programmers to enhance codes with much mastery.

PENERAPAN E-COMMERCE PADA USAHA BATIK JAMBI PADA TOKO BATIK DUO SERANGKAI

With today’s technological development, human activities are becoming more and more easy to do, as sales and sales activities have been broken down with what is called "e-commerce. E-commerce is an attempt to conduct trade transactions between sellers and buyers using the Internet. The development of information technology, especially in the field of the Internet, is a driving factor in the development of e-commerce. Using information technology, e-commerce can be used as a solution to help manufacturers face competitors. The objective of this final task is to create an e-commerce information system on the product of Duo Serangkai, which is a means of marketing and sales to develop business in the sale and purchase of products online that contains information about the product as well as the product ordering process. When designing this system, the authors use the concepts of object-oriented programming (OOP) and the unified modeling language (UML). The E-Commerce Information System that was used in this study performed admirably. Thus, it can be implemented by the product in terms of promotion and online sales, as well as managing all product data, report data, and user data..

On That <em>Toy-Being</em> of Generative Art Toys

On That <em>Toy-Being</em> of Generative Art Toys

Design of an Intelligent Platform for Financial Expense Reimbursement in Colleges Based on Intelligent Data Storage of Process Information Sampling

The design is based on GSM process information wireless measurement system. The system is composed of related sensors and data acquisition modules, GSM wireless communication modules and main control computer, and has strong versatility. At present, colleges and universities have developed an information system that can meet the needs of financial management in colleges and universities by using advanced software development technology and combining with the actual work flow of financial management. Using object-oriented programming technology to develop a budget management system with a friendly operation interface, changing the complexity of manual budget preparation in the past and improving the efficiency of budget preparation.

1D modelling and preliminary analysis of the coupled DYNASTY–eDYNASTY natural circulation loop

In the continuous strive to improve the safety of current-generation and next-generation nuclear power plants, natural circulation can be used to design passive safety systems to remove the decay heat during the shutdown. The Molten Salt Fast Reactor (MSFR) is a peculiar type of Gen-IV nuclear facility, where the fluid fuel is homogeneously mixed with the coolant. This design leads to natural circulation in the presence of an internally distributed heat source during the shutdown. Furthermore, to shield the environment from the highly radioactive fuel, an intermediate loop between the primary and the secondary loops, able to operate in natural circulation, is required. To analyze the natural circulation with a distributed heat source and to study the natural circulation of coupled systems and the influence of the intermediate loop on the behaviour of the primary, Politecnico di Milano designed and built the DYNASTY-eDYNASTY facility. The two facilities are coupled with a double-pipe heat exchanger, which siphons heat from DYNASTY and delivers it to the eDYNASTY loop. This work focuses on modelling the coupled DYNASTY-eDYNASTY natural circulation loops using DYMOLA2023®, an integrated development environment based on the Modelica Object-Oriented a-causal simulation language. The 1D Modelica approach allows for building highly reusable and flexible models easing the design effort on a complex system such as the DYNASTY-eDYNASTY case without the need to rewrite the whole model from scratch. The coupled models were developed starting from the already-validated single DYNASTY model and the double-pipe heat exchanger coupling. The models were tested during the whole development process, studying the influence of the numerical integration algorithm on the simulation behaviour. A preliminary analysis of both the adiabatic and the heat loss models analyzed the effect of the secondary natural circulation loop on the behaviour of the DYNASTY loop. The simulation results showed that the eDYNASTY loop dampens the behaviour of the primary DYNASTY loop. Furthermore, a parametric analysis of the DYNASTY and the eDYNASTY coolers highlighted the influence of the cooling configuration on the facility’s behaviour. Finally, the simulation results identified the most critical aspects of the models in preparation for an experimental comparison.

Bidirectional Object-Oriented Programming: Towards Programmatic and Direct Manipulation of Objects

Many bidirectional programming languages, which are mainly functional and relational, have been designed to support writing programs that run in both forward and backward directions. Nevertheless, there is little study on the bidirectionalization of object-oriented languages that are more popular in practice. This paper presents the first bidirectional object-oriented language that supports programmatic and direct manipulation of objects. Specifically, we carefully extend a core object-oriented language, which has a standard forward evaluation semantics, with backward updating semantics for class inheritance hierarchies and references. We formally prove that the bidirectional evaluation semantics satisfies the round-tripping properties if the output is altered consistently. To validate the utility of our approach, we have developed a tool called BiOOP for generating HTML documents through bidirectional GUI design. We evaluate the expressiveness and effectiveness of BiOOP for HTML webpage development by reproducing ten classic object-oriented applications from a Java Swing tutorial and one large project from GitHub. The experimental results show the response time of direct manipulation programming on object-oriented programs that produce HTML webpages is acceptable for developers.

From Observation to Active Learning: A Collaborative Learning Approach for Object Oriented Programming Course

Abstract: Collaborative learning using Active Learning Strategies (ALS) and Information Communication Technology (ICT) tools in programming subjects facilitate the studentsinstructors into effective ways to make everyone engaged in Teaching Learning Process. In such learning, learners required to respond one another’s ideas. Teachers are the key players in collaborative learning process by launching the learning environment, accommodating student requirements and ensuring the classroom activities. In this study, benefits of ALS and ICT tool usages have been analyzed for the Object-Oriented Programming course offered to engineering undergraduates. The impacts are analyzed in terms of teaching methodology, practicing lab, pass percentage, course outcome attainment, internal and terminal test performances and course exit survey. The outcomes indicate that, ALS and ICT approach yields positive result in performance. Keywords: Collaborative Learning, Active Learning Strategies, Information and Communication Technology, Online Learning, Object Oriented Programming, Course Outcome, Pedagogy.