Description Of Objects Research Articles

Comparative Analysis of Selected Metadata Standards for the Processing of Intangible Cultural Heritage

Goal: Intangible cultural heritage represents “living” culture transmitted from previous to future generations, making it vital to preserve the cultural identity of a people. In this regard, and considering that no comparative analysis of metadata standards for the processing of intangible cultural heritage in the digital environment has been carried out, this work aims to offer metadata standards that will apply to the processing of this type of heritage. Methodology: The research was performed by analyzing Dublin Core, CCO, VRA Core, CDWA, and MODS metadata standards. Along with the assessment of their quality using a descriptive method, and their comparative analysis, the applicability of selected metadata standards for the processing of intangible cultural heritage was examined on the example of the Jumps from the Old Bridge in Mostar, which represent the intangible cultural heritage of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Results: The research results through the research questions of the work show that of the selected metadata standards, Dublin Core and MODS can be used for the processing of intangible cultural heritage, which illustrates an example of metadata processing with metadata chosen standards. Discussion: The application of Dublin Core and MODS metadata standards for the processing of intangible cultural heritage is confirmed by examples of good practice in cultural institutions in Europe and the world. Both metadata standards, through the description of the digital object described by a set of descriptive elements, enable better organization and management of the digital object online. Besides being used to describe various objects and being widely acceptable, the advantages of these standards compared to other standards are that they contain elements that offer a detailed description of an object of intangible cultural heritage expressed in XML syntax. Also, the simplicity of implementation and high interoperability of both standards facilitate meta-search over the global network and access to the necessary information in the digital environment. Originality: This research represents the first research of its kind that provides a comparative analysis of selected metadata standards for the processing of intangible cultural heritage. The importance of the existence of metadata standards is reflected in the key role in the contribution to the preservation of cultural heritage, which especially refers to the intangible cultural heritage of Bosnia and Herzegovina for future generations and the promotion of its importance in a wider social and cultural context.

From Representation to Response: Assessing the Alignment of Large Language Models with Human Judgment Patterns

Large language models (LLMs) are sophisticated artificial intelligence systems designed to process and understand natural language at a complex level. The recent progress of these models, culminating in chat-based LLMs, has democratized the accessibility of these sophisticated intelligent systems, showcasing how machine learning methods can help humans in daily tasks. This research addresses the growing interest in understanding the mechanisms of LLMs and in evaluating their alignment with human cognition. We introduce an innovative alignment assessment strategy in the realm of LLMs that diverges from traditional approaches, utilizing the odd-one-out triplet-based task to investigate the alignment of LLMs’ representations with human object concept mental organization. Our methodology, which incorporates image captioning and zero/few-shot learning accuracy scoring, is designed to evaluate language models’ ability to predict similarities and differences in object concepts. A comprehensive experimental evaluation was conducted, involving four captioning strategies, twenty-four LLMs across eight model families, and three scoring procedures, utilizing a significantly large dataset for enhanced understanding of LLM comprehensibility. Finally, our study explores the impact of object description comprehensiveness on model-human representation alignment and analyzes a subset of randomly selected triplets to assess how LLMs are able to represent different levels of human judgment patterns.

Methodology for assessing the geoheritage of the western part of the North Pokutia Upland

An objective assessment of unique geological and geomorphological formations as objects of geoheritage is a necessary requirement for developing conservation measures. A number of methodologies for evaluating and determining the recreational value of geological and geomorphological objects have been developed by both foreign and ukrainian researchers. Prominent researchers in the development of geoheritage and geodiversity assessment methods include Reynaud (Reynard, Brilha, 2018; Reynard, Coratza, 2013), Brilha (Brilha, 2016), Zouros (Zouros, 2007), Ferrero (Ferrero et al., 2012), Fassoulas (Fassoulas et al., 2012), Asrat (Asrat et al., 2012), Grey (Grey, 2013), Pereira (Pereira et al., 2013), Rocha (Rocha et al., 2014), and others. The essence of these methodologies lies in assessing geoheritage objects according to certain criteria based on the functional significance of the object. The listed researchers propose various numbers (ranging from 4 to 7) and lists of criteria, among which the most important are scientific, educational, and ecological-conservation. The criteria include a number of sub-criteria (sub-indices) and a general scoring system (from 1 to 10). Our research is based on the methodological developments of the aforementioned authors. We propose a qualitative-quantitative methodology for assessing abiotic nature objects. The qualitative assessment involves a general scientific description and justification of the objects in terms of their compliance with the criteria for belonging to geoheritage. The quantitative assessment of the objects involves defining clear criteria, ranking them, and assigning corresponding weight scores. In the study, the following criteria are used: scientific, educational, aesthetic, conservation, cultural, and recreational. Each criterion encompasses three sub-criteria that specify its essence. According to the logical set of indicators, the sub-criteria assess the geological and geomorphological objects on a five-point scale. The maximum score is assigned to the best or most favorable indicator. The characteristics of the objects and assessment indicators are obtained as a result of their passportization (standardized description of objects in kind) and the summarization of information from open sources. The methodology for assessing geoheritage has been tested on 10 objects located in the western part of the North Pokutia Upland. These include nature monuments and reserves: Boryvetska, Kadubivska Cliff, Sovytskyi Level, Vasylivski Waterfalls, Doroshivets Waterfall, Tovtrivska Cliff, Pioneer Cave, Mytkivska Cliff, Onutskaya Cliff, and Balamutivska Cave. The highest assessment scores were obtained by Balamutivska Cave, Onutskaya Cliff, Mytkivska Cliff, Kadubivska Cliff, and Doroshivets Waterfall. The use of the qualitative-quantitative assessment methodology for abiotic nature objects allows for an objective justification for granting conservational status (protected area, nature monument) to the most valuable geological and geomorphological formations in a specific natural or administrative region, taking into account the characteristics of the object of study and the natural features of the area being researched. The significance of the conservational status of a valuable abiotic nature object (whether of national or local importance) should be justified based on the total score of its value. Key words: geoheritage; geodiversity; geoheritage assessment methods; assessment criteria.

Identification and comparisons of crack stress threshold for raw coal and briquette under triaxial compression

ABSTRACT The reasonable determination of the coal rock stress threshold holds significant importance for the objective description of coal rock deformation stages and fine-scale crack evolution during failure. This study aims to accurately identify the stress threshold for raw coal and briquette crack propagation under triaxial compression and to determine suitable identification methods. The stress thresholds were determined via triaxial compression experiments, coupled with the monitoring of stress, strain, and acoustic emission (AE) signals. This was achieved by employing the crack axial strain method, the moving point regression technique, and the AE response method. The results indicate that the crack closing stress (σ cc ), crack initiation stress (σ ci ), and crack failure stress (σ cd ) of raw coal were consistently and accurately identified using all three methods. However, in the context of triaxial compression experiments on raw coal, the AE response method proves inadequate for delineating the stress threshold associated with crack propagation, necessitating precise identification via alternative methods. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the progressive failure process and the macroscopic failure mechanisms of coal samples, with significant theoretical implications for evaluating the stability of deep coal mining operations.

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytological Diagnosis of Primary Breast Large-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma/Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Primary breast large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC)/squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), also referred to as mixed neuroendocrine/non-neuroendocrine neoplasms of the breast (Br-MiNENs), represents an exceedingly rare malignancy. We report the first case of primary breast LCNEC/SCC diagnosed via ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy of the left supraclavicular and left internal mammary lymph nodes. The patient, a 40-year-old female, underwent a lumpectomy followed by breast-conserving surgery and was diagnosed with primary breast LCNEC. Notably, within merely four months following the breast-conserving surgery, PET-CT revealed lymph node enlargement, prompting the performance of FNA. FNA cytology of metastatic lymph nodes revealed two distinct tumor components, allowing for clear differentiation between LCNEC and SCC in the smear. The diagnosis was further corroborated by immunocytochemical (ICC) staining of the cell blocks. Subsequently, histopathological re-examination of the breast mass revealed occult SCC components comprising less than 1% of the tumor cells. Additionally, the case exhibited triple-negative breast cancer, with PIK3CA, TP53, RB1, and BCL2L11 mutations identified through next-generation sequencing (NGS). Br-MiNEN is exceedingly rare, and its cytological diagnosis poses significant challenges. It is recommended that a detailed and objective description of each tumor component and its proportion be provided. This report provides the first detailed description of the FNA cytology of LCNEC/SCC, thereby enhancing cytopathologists' comprehension of this tumor. Auxiliary studies, including ICC staining and molecular biology assays, are crucial for accurate diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis.

Assessment of urban wetlands loss and fragmentation using land use and land cover change and guidostoolbox: A study of Chorrillos district, Lima.

The coastal landscape of the Chorrillos district is an ecosystem characterized by hosting the largest population of migratory and resident bird species in Lima, including the Protected Natural Area of the Pantanos de Villa Wildlife Refuge (RVSPV). In response to wetland loss, this study aims to explore the process of natural landscape fragmentation in the Chorrillos district, including the RVSPV, from 1985 to 2021 to identify the impact of anthropogenic agents on structural connectivity. The methodology involves (i) an analysis of land cover and land use (LULC) using the MapBiomas Peru Collection 1.0 Platform, (ii) a patch accounting analysis, (iii) an analysis of Area Density in the Foreground (FAD), and (iv) an analysis of Morphological Spatial Patterns (MSPA) using the GuidosToolbox (Graphic User Interface for Image Object Description and Shapes-GTB) Version 3.304. The results indicate a hierarchy of disturbed patches, with the largest patch (RVSPV) displaying specific spatial processes that contribute to landscape transformation and persistence. The ecological function of the patches and habitat links demonstrate the benefits of connectivity and environmental exchange between fragments, aiming to counteract landscape loss.

Correlation reconstruction mechanism based on dual wavelength imaging and neural network

In a natural light-field imaging scene, lighting is usually performed using a mixed light field of multiple wavelengths. To better meet the requirements of human vision, this study proposes a correlation reconstruction method based on dual-wavelength imaging and a neural network (compression sensing correlation fusion-reconstruction by dual-wavelength imaging and auto-encoder neural network, CSCFR-DWI-AENN). Two different wavelengths of light are mixed through an optical multiplexer unit (OMU) to form a dual-wavelength illumination light field, and the light intensity value reflected by the object is received by the detector. The object information was reconstructed using the compressed sensing ghost imaging algorithm, and the distribution of the illumination field was taken as prior information. Two single-wavelength illumination information and the detection value are used for compressed sensing reconstruction, and the high-quality reconstructed image of the target to be measured is obtained by combining the noise reduction advantage of the autoencoder neural network. Then the target information is fused by the New Sum of Modified Laplacian (NSML) algorithm. Two single-wavelength reconstruction, dual-wavelength direct reconstruction and the proposed reconstruction were compared respectively, and non-reference image quality evaluation functions such as EN, MI, EAV and SF were used to process and analyze the reconstruction effect. It is proved that this algorithm can reconstruct the object image comprehensively, reproduce the complete detail information, and achieve a more accurate, more comprehensive and more reliable description of the same object. It provides a theoretical basis for multi-wavelength imaging technology and has a good application prospect.

On the transition between autonomous and nonautonomous systems: The case of FitzHugh-Nagumo's model.

This work deals with a parametric linear interpolation between an autonomous FitzHugh-Nagumo model and a nonautonomous skewed problem with the same fundamental structure. This paradigmatic example allows us to construct a family of nonautonomous dynamical systems with an attracting integral manifold and a hyperbolic repelling trajectory located within the nonautonomous set enclosed by the integral manifold. Upon the variation of the parameter the integral manifold collapses, the hyperbolic repelling solution disappears and a unique globally attracting hyperbolic solution arises in what could be considered yet another pattern of nonautonomous Hopf bifurcation. Interestingly, the three phenomena do not happen at the same critical value of the parameter, yielding, thus, an example of a nonautonomous bifurcation in two steps. We provide a mathematical description of the dynamical objects at play and analyze the periodically forced case via rigorously validated continuation.

APENDIC-RADS: an ultrasound reporting system for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Abdominal ultrasonography is widely used to evaluate suspected cases of appendicitis. Objective descriptions of the direct and indirect signs of appendicitis result in varied assessments of its likelihood. This study introduces the Appendix Imaging Reporting and Data System (APENDIC-RADS) to standardize the reporting of appendix ultrasound findings. This single-center retrospective study included consecutive patients of all ages who underwent abdominal ultrasonography for the investigation of acute appendicitis. The primary outcome was histopathological confirmation of acute appendicitis post-surgery. The imaging findings were classified into five categories: APENDIC-RADS 0, where the appendix cannot be visualized; APENDIC-RADS 1, indicating a normal appendix; APENDIC-RADS 2, describing an appendix that is likely normal but only partially visualized; APENDIC-RADS 3, appendicitis cannot be ruled out due to uncertain features and APENDIC-RADS 4, acute appendicitis. A total of 747 patients were assessed for suspected acute appendicitis using ultrasonography. Of the diagnosed patients, 52% were male, primarily exhibiting symptoms such as nausea and/or vomiting (60%), right iliac fossa pain (54%), and sudden decompression in the right iliac fossa (24%). Stratification into APENDIC-RADS categories revealed a significant variation in the incidence of acute appendicitis, with incidence rates of 4.5% for category 0 and 0.7%, 2.2%, 11.5%, and 93.5% for categories 1 to 4, respectively (p<0.001). The APENDIC-RADS showed excellent discriminative ability, evidenced by an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.950 (95%CI=0.899-1). APENDIC-RADS categorization demonstrated excellent performance in standardizing the ultrasound-determined probability of acute appendicitis. Its implementation could improve physician communication and standardization of patient management.

ІНВЕРСІЯ ЯК РИТОРИЧНА ФІГУРА В АНГЛІЙСЬКОМУ МОДЕРНІСТИЧНОМУ ДИСКУРСІ (СИНЕРГЕТИЧНИЙ ТА ПСИХОЛІНГВІСТИЧНИЙ ВИМІРИ)

The article elucidates synergetic and psycholinguistic aspects of functioning of the inverted text contexts’ in J. Joyce’s literary works. In the analyzed fi ction fragments, inversion as a rhetorical fi gure constitutes a remarkable means of text expressiveness. Alongside performing a factual function, inversive constructions are used for: (1) emphasis of semantic units of the conceptual character to form positive or negative perception of the immediate environment; (2) nomination and estimation of the immediate surroundings; (3) description of a character’s appearance aimed at specifying its additional features; (4) revelation of psycho-emotional attitude towards the other person by means of negative estimation (disapproval) of her behavior which consequently led to her social and moral degradation; (5) formation of the situation’s interpretation through the detailed description of objects. This also refl ects the attitude to people with whom one was supposed to stay and communicate, openly showing his sickness of people and the surrounding atmosphere. The application of synergetic and psycholinguistic approaches to the analysis of belles-letters discourse assists to its profound interpretation in the aspect of content- and intent analyses aiming to disclose the writer’s expectations of the recipients’ reaction to the depicted artistic reality. Synergetic dimension of the text envisages consideration of its components with regard to the multi-level structure of statements within the framework of the analyzed macrocontexts. Profound linguistic analysis as well application of some of the psycholinguistic research techniques contributes to comprehensive interpretation of literary works. Key words: inversion, synergetic and psycholinguistic dimensions, expressiveness, stylistic function, prose of J. Joyce, context, rhetorical figure.

Percutaneous sacroiliac screw fixation with a 3D robot-assisted image-guided navigation system

Abstract Objective Presentation and description of percutaneous sacroiliac (SI) screw fixation with the use of a 3D robot-assisted image-guided navigation system and the clinical outcome of this technique. Indications Pelvic fractures involving the posterior pelvis. Contraindications Patients not suited for surgery. Surgical technique Planning the screws on the diagnostic computer tomogram (CT). Matching with a low-dose CT in the operating room. Lateral incision. Verify the guidewire position with the personalized inlet and outlet views. After correct positioning, place a cannulated screw over the guidewire. For fragility fractures, augmentation is recommended. Finish the surgery with a final 3D scan to confirm correct placement of the screws and cement. Postoperative management Direct postoperative mobilization with pain-adapted full weight-bearing. Results Data of 141 patients between January 2018 and August 2022 were analyzed (average age 82 ± 10 years, 89% female). Most of the fractures were type II fragility fractures of the pelvis (FFP; 75%). The median hospital stay was 12 ± 7 days and the median surgery duration for a unilateral SI screw was 26 min. In total 221 S1 screws and 17 S2 screws were applied. No screws showed signs of loosening or migration. Of the five suboptimally placed screws, one screw was removed due to sensory impairment. All patients with cement leakage remained without symptoms. Conclusion The surgical technique with the use of a 3D robot-assisted image-guided navigation system is a technique for safe fixation of dorsal fragility fractures of the pelvis and is associated with fewer complications.

Application of Analytic Network Process (ANP) Method in Determining Lecturer Performance Rating

The use of the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method in evaluating and ranking lecturer performance. ANP is a complex decision-making method that allows the assessment of various interrelated factors in a network. In the context of higher education, evaluating lecturer performance is very important because the quality of teaching and lecturers' contribution to research and scientific development has a direct impact on students' learning experience and institutional reputation. However, assessing lecturer performance is not an easy task because it involves a variety of complex and interrelated factors, such as teaching ability, research contribution, community service, and various other administrative aspects. The results of this study show that the ANP method has proven to be effective and successful in providing an objective, structured, and detailed description of lecturer performance. The results can be used to support decisions regarding awards, promotions, or training needed to achieve better overall performance with a 70% success rate in assessing lecturer performance.

Yeletsky gorodnichy Egor Alexandrovich Kholodovich and the study of antiquities in the province in the middle of the XIX century

For the first time, the biography and scientific contribution of E. A. Kholodovich to the study of the ancient history of Yelets in the Oryol province are being investigated. In the period 1835–1849 he served as a mayor, became interested in local history. In the Oryol Provincial Gazette for 1840, his note "On the antiquities of the city of Yelets" appears. The note consisted of a preface and six small sections, each of which corresponded to the description of the ancient object: 1) The Icon of the Kazan Mother of God; 2) The Image of the Appearance of the Mother of God to Tamerlane; 3) The Holy Gospel; 4) A chapel and a stone pillar with icons; 5) Talim Prison; 6) Six cast-iron cannons; 7) An underground passage. This information will be widely used by local historians in the future, starting from the middle of the XIX century, but without mentioning the original author. The article is based on archival materials that made it possible to restore the basic biographical information, the circumstances of service in Yelets and the probable motivation in the local history studies of E. A. Kholodovich. The intellectual environment of the communication with experts in the history of the city is being investigated, attempts are being made to establish the sources of information the author received. The results of the research allow us to say that the only known scientific publication by E. A. Kholodovich for the provincial newspaper is based on the unreleased information from the statistical description of Yelets in the 1820s. Their content corresponds to old-time records typical of the time of the formation of historical science in the province at the end of the XVIII – first half of the XIX centuries. The topic of antiquities is considered through the prism of a detailed description of the remains of the fortress, underground passages, customs, the history of monasteries and temples, and brief historical legends. The material clearly demonstrates the positive impact of the state policy on the conduct of provincial statistical descriptions on the formation of local history research in the province.

DENTAL MANAGEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH SYNDROMIC CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS; CASE REPORT

Introduction: Apert syndrome is a challenging syndromic condition for health care specialists because it affects the patient's overall physical, oral and behavioral health. Knowledge of the protocols to be followed and dental management by the operator of patients with AS are of great importance in the dental field, allowing for adequate and guided craniofacial and behavioral control of the patient. Objective: The objective of this article is to present a clinical case that shows an adequate treatment plan for a patient with Apert syndrome. Methodology: an objective description of the clinical case is made with analysis of a total of articles, including review and original articles, as well as clinical cases, of which 12 bibliographies were used because the other articles were not relevant for this study. The sources of information were indexed journals, as well as search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane; the terms used for the information search were: Apert syndrome, acrocephalosyndactyly, craniosynostosis, dental care. Results: We report a 15-year-old female patient who presented the characteristic triad of Apert syndrome: craniosynostosis, facial malformations and symmetrical syndactyly. Conclusions: Knowledge of the disease by health professionals will be of vital importance in order to develop appropriate strategies and efficient care protocols for patients with Apert syndrome, resulting in a better quality of life for the patient in the short and long term. KEY WORDS: acrocephalosyndactyly, craniosynostosis, dental care.

Patients with refractory musculoskeletal pain syndromes undergoing a multimodal assessment and therapy programme: a cross-sectional study.

Chronic musculoskeletal pain syndromes, including fibromyalgia, are heterogeneous entities with a major socioeconomic burden. Multimodal treatment programmes have shown greater efficacy than conventional approaches for these patients, at least in the short term. A profound understanding of chronic musculoskeletal pain syndrome patients treated in multimodal treatment programmes is important for their development and to provide insight into these conditions. To provide a comprehensive and objective description of medical, psychosocial and sleep characteristics of the treatment-refractory chronic musculoskeletal pain syndrome patients treated at the multimodal treatment programmes provided by our tertiary service in Switzerland. This was a cross-sectional analysis of 202 refractory chronic musculoskeletal pain syndrome patients with or without a concomitant autoimmune disorder hospitalised between 2018 and 2022 in a 12-day Swiss multimodal treatment programme. They underwent a comprehensive self-assessment with eight different questionnaires and assessments by a psychiatrist, rheumatologist, pain specialist, occupational therapist and physiotherapist. Sleep assessment was performed via actigraphy. Clinical and demographic variables were selected by consensus of three experienced rheumatologists and chronic pain specialists. The Fibromyalgia Rapid Screening Test (FiRST), American College of Rheumatology (ACR)-2010 criteria (ACR2010) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20) were also applied. The mean age of the patients was 47 years (SD = 10), 73% were female, and 30% were obese. Half (50%) were not from Switzerland, and 12% came from conflict zones. Almost half (40%) lived alone. Back pain was the principal site (90%). Of the patients, 78% fulfilled the ACR2010 criteria for fibromyalgia, and 17% were diagnosed with an underlying immune-mediated disorder, mostly spondylarthritis. Pain since childhood occurred in 45% of the patients, and 68% had pain since adolescence. Disability financial aid had been pursued by 69%, and 46% were still awaiting a response. Psychiatric comorbidities were highly prevalent (73%), of which 56% consisted of depression. Of all patients, 15% were diagnosed with enduring personality changes after a catastrophic experience (EPCACE), and 10% had post-traumatic stress disorder. Alexithymia affected 34% of patients. Objective sleep disorder was observed in 78% of patients, and 41% were under opioid therapy. This analysis reveals the complex psychosomatic and socioeconomic patterns of the patients treated in Switzerland with refractory chronic musculoskeletal pain syndromes, often originating in childhood and adolescence. Obesity, immigration, social isolation, psychiatric comorbidities, sleep deprivation and opiate use, among others, stood out as target characteristics for further research.

Challenges and Opportunities of the Solar Panels Reverse Logistic in the Energetic Transitions of the Green Hydrogen

Objective: This paper aims to collaborate to the development of the reverse logistic for solar panels, impulse by the energetic transition into the green hydrogen. Additionally, it intends to map all the logistic activities linked to the green hydrogen production, including the reverse logistic of solar photovoltaic panels, to take advantage of its components. This paper wanted to identify all the photovoltaic solar panels components, for a more broadly comprehension of its structure, and define all the activities related to the post consumption of the panels. Theoretical Framework: The references explore the photovoltaic solar panels characteristics and the necessity to implement the reverse logistic for this energy source, focusing on green hydrogen production. Also, applying the just-in-time tool. Method: The methodology is detailed, with a clear and objective description of all the steps. Including the mapping of the activities through a flowchart, that illustrates the sequence of the steps, with a detailed description of each step. Results and Discussion: The obtained results revealed the necessity of a perspective for the reversed logistic driven from the energetic transition, especially by the green hydrogen. This problem is linked to the increasing environmental awareness and boosting on the solar panels production, which also increased the demand for the discarded components of those panels in a sustainable manner. Thus logistic can be optimized through the just-in-time tool, that allows the reverse mapping of the steps, improving its logistic aspects. Research Implications: The theoretical and practical implications of this research highlight mainly the questions related to sustainability and awareness in short, medium and long term. The search for an energetic vector capable of supplying the energetic necessities in a clean and abundant way is a topic of constant study. However, the answers to these questions and how they are connected can impact directly the energetic research. Therefore, it must be done in an efficient and strategic way. Originality/Value: This study explores the reverse logistics for solar panels, aiming to demonstrate the possibility to produce in a large scale in a sustainable form. This connection is linked to the GH2 energetic vector, since the source for the production of this vector is directly related to renewable energies, such as solar energy. Thus, this study maps in detail this reverse pathway searching for a sustainable reverse logistic.

Assessement of Nigerias Afrocentric Foreign Policy: A Case Study of President Olusegun Obasanjo's Administration

The emergence of President Olusegun Obasanjo in 1999 as the president of Nigeria marked a significant transition from military rule to democratic rule, the image of the country have been battered in the international arena due to military dictatorship, hence the president have to concentrate on rebuilding the image of Nigeria. Nigeria's Afrocentrism, rooted in its post-independence policy under Prime Minister Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, has consistently placed Africa at the center of its foreign policy. The paper explores Nigeria's Afrocentric foreign policy, focusing on the administration of President Olusegun Obasanjo (1999-2007). This approach emphasizes African unity, emancipation, and development, with Nigeria playing a key role in mediation, conflict resolution, and peacekeeping within the continent. The research aimed to critically examines the effort made by president Obasanjo in area of ensuring democratic rule, Peacekeeping operations, and regional economic integration in Africa. This paper argues that Nigeria’s Afrocentric foreign policy, while altruistic, may require recalibration to better align with national interests, ensuring that such commitments do not disproportionately burden the Nigerian economy. The historical and analytical approach was employed in the presentation and analysis of data, the information goes through rigorous analysis that is data analysis, which is a technique for an objective, systematic and qualitative description of the data acquired. Furthermore, the theory employed in the making of this research is Concentric circle theory which was first brought from sociology, and later adopted in the study of foreign policy. A shift towards a more pragmatic and national interest-focused foreign policy, emphasizing economic growth and development, is recommended for future engagements.

CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF A PATIENT WITH SYNDROMIC CRANIOSYNOSTOSIS, A CASE REPORT

Introduction: Craniosynostosis is a craniofacial disorder characterized by premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures, inhibiting bone growth perpendicular to the affected suture. In syndromic craniosynostosis, anomalies of the limbs, heart and central nervous system may be present, in addition to genetic mutations affecting the cranial vault. Its etiology is associated with paternal age, teratogenic factors and external pressure on the skull; the main genes causing syndromic craniosynostosis are the growth factor receptors (FGFR1, FGFR2, and FGFR3, TWIST1 and EFNB1), for these reasons it is of utmost importance to recognize the existing types of syndromic craniosynostosis, and its clinical and molecular characteristics to reach an optimal and accurate diagnosis. Objective: to present the clinical and molecular characterization of an individual with syndromic craniosynostosis in a case. Methodology:an objective description of the clinical case and a review with analysis of a total of 24 articles, including review and original articles, as well as clinical cases, of which 18 bibliographies were used because the other articles were not relevant to this study. The sources of information were indexed journals as well as search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane; the terms used to search for information were: syndrome, craniosynostosis, gene, mutation, FGFR. Results: the present report shows a clinical case of syndromic craniosynostosis. The diagnosis was made during an evaluation by means of radiographic analysis in a 15-year-old female patient, and corroborated by genetic blood tests with the following results: heterozygous variant at position 755 of the c.DNA, where a variant in Cytosine is visualized by a Guanine. This determines a change at the level of the FGFR2 protein. Conclusions: the case report describes the clinical and molecular diagnosis of a 15-year-old female patient, revealing a heterozygous genetic variant in the FGFR2 gene (c.755&gt;G), associated with changes in the FGFR2 protein. This finding is relevant, as similar variants have not been reported in Ecuador or South America, underscoring the need for further research on syndromic craniosynostosis and Apert syndrome. A multidisciplinary approach to treatment is recommended, involving various medical specialties to ensure proper brain development and improved esthetics. In addition, the existence of similar cases in Indonesia and Congo is mentioned, suggesting a possible founder effect related to the migration of people with character. KEY WORDS: syndrome, craniosynostosis, gene, mutation, FGFR

A framework for three-dimensional statistical shape modeling of the proximal femur in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease.

The pathomorphology of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is a key contributor to poor long-term outcomes such as hip pain, femoroacetabular impingement, and early-onset osteoarthritis. Plain radiographs, commonly used for research and in the clinic, cannot accurately represent the full extent of LCPD deformity. The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a methodological framework for three-dimensional (3D) statistical shape modeling (SSM) of the proximal femur in LCPD. We developed a framework consisting of three core steps: segmentation, surface mesh preparation, and particle-based correspondence. The framework aims to address challenges in modeling this rare condition, characterized by highly heterogeneous deformities across a wide age range and small sample sizes. We evaluated this framework by producing a SSM from clinical magnetic resonance images of 13 proximal femurs with LCPD deformity from 11 patients between the ages of six and 12 years. After removing differences in scale and pose, the dominant shape modes described morphological features characteristic of LCPD, including a broad and flat femoral head, high-riding greater trochanter, and reduced neck-shaft angle. The first four shape modes were chosen for the evaluation of the model's performance, together describing 87.5% of the overall cohort variance. The SSM was generalizable to unfamiliar examples with an average point-to-point reconstruction error below 1mm. We observed strong Spearman rank correlations (up to 0.79) between some shape modes, 3D measurements of femoral head asphericity, and clinical radiographic metrics. In this study, we present a framework, based on SSM, for the objective description of LCPD deformity in three dimensions. Our methods can accurately describe overall shape variation using a small number of parameters, and are a step toward a widely accepted, objective 3D quantification of LCPD deformity.

Best descriptors for predicting noise annoyance and spectrum-based penalty of steady-state wideband noise

Many objective descriptors (i.e., single-number quantities) are available in the literature for the objective assessment of noise annoyance of wideband, steady-state sounds. However, there is no definitive understanding of which descriptors best correspond to subjective annoyance. Our purpose is to assess how different descriptors correspond with differences in noise annoyance resulting from changes in A-weighted sound level and spectrum. This investigation is based on recently published results from a psychoacoustic experiment conducted by Kuusinen et al. [1]. They investigated 23 steady-state wideband noises with various spectral shapes within 32-48 dB LAeq, and participants rated them in terms of subjective annoyance. The study revealed that penalty due to spectrum shape could be even 10 dB. Here, we present a follow up analysis focusing on objective noise descriptors. The results indicate that many descriptors are strongly associated with noise annoyance ratings, while Spectral Centroid and Sharpness appear to be the best candidates to predict spectrum-based penalty.