Nutrition Solutions Research Articles

THU004 Impact Of Continuous Medical Education At Improving Knowledge And Confidence Related To New And Emerging Pediatric Growth Hormone Deficiency Treatment Options

Abstract Disclosure: A. Larkin: None. C. Capparelli: None. B.S. Miller: Advisory Board Member; Self; Abbvie, Vertice, Ascendis, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Biomarin, Tolmar, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Inc. Research Investigator; Self; Abbvie, Amicus, Aeterna Zentaris, Amgen Inc, OPKO, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Lumos, Novo Nordisk, Lysogene, Pfizer, Inc. M.E. Geffner: Consulting Fee; Self; Ferring Pharmaceuticals, Adrenas, Neurocrine Biosciences, Novo Nordisk, Eton, Pfizer, Inc., Nutritional Growth Solutions, Nutritional Growth Solutions. Research Investigator; Self; Novo Nordisk. L.A. Silverman: Consulting Fee; Self; Novo Nordisk, Ascendis, Pfizer, Inc., OPKO Health, Tolmar. Research Investigator; Self; Novo Nordisk, Lumos, Pfizer, Inc. Speaker; Self; Pfizer, Inc. Stock Owner; Self; Johnson &Johnson. Introduction: We sought to determine if an online continuing medical education (CME) activity could improve knowledge and confidence of endocrinologists related to new/emerging treatment options for pediatric growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Methods: The CME intervention comprised a 30-min online video-based roundtable discussion among 3 expert faculty with downloadable slides. The effects of education were assessed for learners completing all 3 knowledge pre- and post-assessment questions using a matched pre-/post-assessment design, with participants serving as their own controls. A paired samples t-test was conducted for significance testing on overall average number of correct responses and for confidence rating, and a McNemar test was conducted at the question level (5% significance level, P <.05). Confidence was assessed in a 4th question using a 5-point Likert scale. The activity posted September 29, 2022, and data were collected through November 20, 2022. Results: Within the 2 months of data collection, 176 endocrinologists participated in the activity, with 36 completing all questions. (To date, 182 endocrinologists have participated as of December 12, 2022) Overall, 22% of endocrinologist learners improved their knowledge and 31% more answered ALL questions correctly after education. On a question-level: 8% of endocrinologists demonstrated improvement and 56% demonstrated reinforcement at recognizing gaps with once-daily pediatric GHD treatment options; 8% of endocrinologists demonstrated improvement and 58% demonstrated reinforcement at identifying efficacy comparisons between current daily and new/emerging once-weekly treatment options; 8% of endocrinologists demonstrated improvement and 56% demonstrated reinforcement at selecting the best strategies for team-based care to improve education and adherence in pediatric patients with GHD; Confidence: Overall, 28% of endocrinologists self-reported increased confidence in understanding the mechanism of once-weekly GHD treatment options, for an average confidence shift of +100% in those who increased confidence (P<.05). Continued educational gaps: 36% of endocrinologists need additional education to appreciate gaps with once-daily pediatric GHD treatments; 33% of endocrinologists need additional education to understand efficacy of once-weekly GHD treatment options; 17% of endocrinologists need additional education regarding team-based care of pediatric patients with GHD. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the success of an interactive, 30-min online CME on improving knowledge confidence of endocrinologists regarding once-weekly GHD treatment options, with gaps identified for future education. Presentation: Thursday, June 15, 2023

Pantoea agglomerans: A rare infectious outbreak affecting maintenance hemodialysis patients in a tertiary care hospital.

Pantoea agglomerans is an environmental pathogen known to cause infection in immunocompromised individuals, particularly after thorn injuries. However, previous data showed few cases of human disease caused by contaminated medical products such as parenteral nutrition, anesthetic agents, blood, and peritoneal dialysis solutions. Infection in hemodialysis patients is rare. In this study, we presented a detailed account of several hemodialysis patients infected with this contagious pathogen and compared them with noninfected dialysis patients. We retrospectively reviewed the hospital records of 105 hemodialysis patients. Seventeen of 105 patients were diagnosed with P. agglomerans infection. We carefully analyzed their entire in-hospital course. Among infected patients, 52.9% were male with a median age of 49 (IQR: 32-66) years. Compared to the noninfected patients, age below 50 years, prior kidney transplantation, prior immunosuppression and antibiotics use, and dialysis via a tunneled vascular catheter were the significant epidemiological features. Despite negative microbiological investigations, we suspect the possible infectious spread via infected central venous catheter was the likely infectious source. Most importantly, all patients responded well to intravenous antibiotics. Only two patients required the removal of the tunneled catheter. Their mortality rate was 0%. P. agglomerans infection, although considered rare, is becoming increasingly prevalent among dialysis patients. Its occurrence must be appraised as an infectious outbreak rather than mere contamination. Prompt treatment, source identification, and early implementation of preventive strategies should always be the goal to curtail this infection at an early stage.

Astaxanthin: Past, Present, and Future.

Astaxanthin (AX), a lipid-soluble pigment belonging to the xanthophyll carotenoids family, has recently garnered significant attention due to its unique physical properties, biochemical attributes, and physiological effects. Originally recognized primarily for its role in imparting the characteristic red-pink color to various organisms, AX is currently experiencing a surge in interest and research. The growing body of literature in this field predominantly focuses on AXs distinctive bioactivities and properties. However, the potential of algae-derived AX as a solution to various global environmental and societal challenges that threaten life on our planet has not received extensive attention. Furthermore, the historical context and the role of AX in nature, as well as its significance in diverse cultures and traditional health practices, have not been comprehensively explored in previous works. This review article embarks on a comprehensive journey through the history leading up to the present, offering insights into the discovery of AX, its chemical and physical attributes, distribution in organisms, and biosynthesis. Additionally, it delves into the intricate realm of health benefits, biofunctional characteristics, and the current market status of AX. By encompassing these multifaceted aspects, this review aims to provide readers with a more profound understanding and a robust foundation for future scientific endeavors directed at addressing societal needs for sustainable nutritional and medicinal solutions. An updated summary of AXs health benefits, its present market status, and potential future applications are also included for a well-rounded perspective.

Towards Personalized Nutrition Based on Multimodal Data

At the Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, a team led by Assistant Professor Takafumi Miyamoto are performing investigations to promote personalised nutrition solutions by developing technology to correctly regulate processes that occur at the cellular level. The researchers want to fill knowledge gaps and better understand how different factors impact health and well-being. Their diverse investigations cover cancer metabolism, synthetic biology, digital biology integrating life science and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology; personalised nutrition; and organelle code, all with the goal of creating a ´well-being` society. Lifestyle-induced diseases are on the rise and, by better understanding the complexities of diet and how it is related to well-being, Miyamoto and the team want to bring about a ´paradigm shift` in society. As such, studies including the visualisation of biological information encoded in blood, AI nutrition and epidemiological studies on food and health, are underway. Miyamoto believes that personalised nutrition will be the catalyst for establishing a society where food, education and medical care serve as social common capital locally. The researchers are developing novel biomolecular technologies and devices which foster physical wellness, including technology to correctly regulate the process of information processing at the cellular level. This involves research in synthetic biology. The team is currently fabricating wearable apparatus that can provide detailed information to deliver personalised nutrition.

Performance on nutritive solution utilization by Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) cultivated in hydroponic

The interest in species with multiple benefits and many molecules with potential uses in different areas of knowledge has recently grown. The demand generates the search for production to meet the needs in quantity and quality. The advantages of the hydroponic system in the cultivation of leafy and aromatic herbs are known. However, the efficiency information of what would be the most responsive nutrition for aromatic species deserves attention and further studies. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the response of tarragon plants submitted to different rates of nutrient solution. The following proportions of the nutritive solution for leaves were evaluated: I - 50%, II - 75%, III - 100%, and IV 125%. Such a solution was chosen as a standard due to the balance between nutrients and the wide use by hydroponic producers. Hydroponic cultivation is a good alternative to grown Tarragon. The 100% nutrient solution shows good performance for most of the characteristics evaluated. The 15% reduction provides maximum production of the fresh mass of shoots, however, it causes a reduction of 11.3% in the production of dry mass, 6% in the number of stems, and 3.4% in height, which would not be interesting to meet dry mass demand. For fresh consumption, a 25% reduction in nutrient concentration generates a drop of only 1.3% in the maximum fresh mass of tarragon in hydroponic cultivation.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems and the Efficacy of Acarbose Treatment in Cystic Fibrosis-related Dysglycemia.

Early detection of glycemic dysregulation and optimization of glycemic control at cystic fibrosis related diabetes (CFRD) is associated with improved pulmonary function and decreased mortality. The standard 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is the current routine screening test for CFRD. However, hyperglycemia can be detected by continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMS) in patients with normal OGTT evaluation. High-dose acarbose is an important alternative, in the treatment of glycemic dysregulation especially accompanied by hypoglycemia. A 7-year-old boy with cystic fibrosis (CF) presented with hyperglycemia. Hypoglycemia (29 mg/dL) and hyperglycemia (400 mg/dL) were demonstrated by OGTT and intermittent CGM (iCGMS). Thickener was added to nutritional solutions and acarbose was initiated as 3x12.5 mg /dose and increased to 6x25 mg without any side effects. On the 20th day of treatment, glycemic dysregulation was resolved. In the early detection of CFRD, screening with OGTT after the age of 10 is insufficient; therefore, routine use of continous or intermittent glucose monitoring systems should be considered. In addition, in CFRDs with severe hypoglycemia, acarbose is an important alternative in the high and increased dose range.

Bioconsolidation of Damaged Construction Calcarenites and Evaluation of the Improvement in Their Petrophysical and Mechanical Properties.

Bioconsolidation treatment using bacterial carbonatogenesis has been proposed as an environmentally friendly strategy for the efficient preservation of damaged stones, particularly suitable for carbonate stones. The study presented here deals with the evaluation of the performance of this treatment, applied to damaged carbonate stones in two historical buildings in Spain. The methodology applied in this research serves as a reference for future similar studies. Results showed significant improvement in the petrophysical and mechanical properties of the damaged stone following the treatment through the production of calcite and vaterite by the abundant carbonatogenic bacteria inhabiting the stone. These bacteria were able to effectively consolidate weathered areas if an adequate nutritional solution was employed, thereby augmenting the stone's resistance, as evidenced by the Drilling Resistance Measurement System (DRMS). FESEM images showed calcified bacteria and calcified exopolymeric substances (EPS) consolidating stone minerals without blocking their pores. In addition to consolidation, this biotreatment improves the stone's behavior against water absorption and increases the contact angle of water droplets without significant modifications in the pore size or diminishing vapor permeability. No color changes are observed. Overall, these results show that the application of the nutritional solution (M-3P) for in situ consolidation of different types of porous carbonate building stones is a highly effective conservation method, with no modification of the chemical composition of the treated materials.

Coentro hidropônico cultivado sob soluções nutritivas preparadas em águas salobras com diferentes prevalências catiônicas

ABSTRACT The use of brackish water for preparation of nutrient solutions has several impacts on crop performance, depending on the water concentration and cation prevalence. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate production and water relations of coriander grown on nutrient solutions prepared with brackish waters with different cationic natures under hydroponic conditions. A randomized block experimental design with four replicates was used, in a 4 × 3 factorial arrangement. The treatments consisted of four electrical conductivities of the nutrient solution (1.6, 3.2, 4.8, and 6.4 dS m-1) which were prepared in waters with different salts (NaCl, CaCl2.2H2O, and MgCl2.6H2O). Salinity negatively affected the production and water relations of coriander grown in hydroponic system; plants grown on nutritive solutions with predominance of Na+ had higher total dry weight and shoot dry weights, as well as higher stomatal conductance. The largest leaf area was found when using the nutrient solution with predominance of Mg2+.

Unexpected Serum and Urine Aluminum Concentrations in Pediatric Patients on Home Parenteral Nutrition.

The intravenous supply of aluminum (Al) present in parenteral nutrition solutions poses a high risk of the absorption of this element, which can result in metabolic bone disease, anemia, and neurological complications. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) in children on serum Al concentration and its urinary excretion compared to healthy children. We evaluated serum Al concentrations and its urinary excretion in patients enrolled in the Polish home parenteral nutrition (HPN) program between 2004 and 2022. The study group included 83 patients and the control group consisted of 121 healthy children. In children whose PN was started in the neonatal period, we found higher serum Al concentrations and higher urinary Al excretion than in other subjects whose PN was started later. Only 12% of the children on chronic parenteral nutrition had serum Al concentrations of less than 5 μg/L. Healthy children in the control group had higher serum Al concentrations than those in the parenteral nutrition group, which may indicate the influence of one's environment and diet on Al serum levels.

Production of tomato cultivated in different nutritive solutions

The objective this paper is determine the highest performance of fresh mass and number of fruits in tomato crops using different nutrient solution. An absolute hybrid with a semi-determined growth was used. It was grown in a protected environment using a fertigated substrate inside plastic bags containing ten liters of solution. The experiment was completely randomized with four levels of fertilization and five replications. Two experiments were carried out in two cultivation cycles (spring 2018 and autumn 2019) by performing an analysis of variance and Scott & Knott test and estimating the parameters of nonlinear logistic model and its critical points for both variables in each treatment. The mean fruit mass per plant was 3.70 kg for the spring experiment and 3.80 kg for the autumn experiment. The mean number of fruits per plant was 10.50 and 10.70 fruits for spring and autumn, respectively. There are significant differences between the treatments KO46, KO45 and KO56 compared to KO69 for fruit mass in the autumn experiment. For the other variables and cultivation cycles, the treatments did not show statistical differences. The logistic growth model fitted the weight and number of tomato fruits according to days after transplanting the seedlings and evidenced production cycle data, highlighting the main differences between the nutrient solutions. The nutritional solutions KO46, KO45 and KO56 are recommended for growing Gaúcho tomatoes in substrate. The nutrient solution KO56 has the best performance because it has a higher K availability, meets the balance of loads and antagonism between nutrients, provides equal response of means mass and number of fruits, and has a lower N:K ratio and balance of K over Ca and Mg, thus favoring fruit production, precocity, and development.

O36 Herbivore nutrition, ecosystems and nature-based solutions – what are the sustainability opportunities and trade-offs?

O36 Herbivore nutrition, ecosystems and nature-based solutions – what are the sustainability opportunities and trade-offs?

1624-P: Hudev-PRE, a Combination of Plant Extracts, Improves Glucose Homeostasis in Both High-Fat Diet C57Bl/6J and Ob/Ob Mice

Despite advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D), new therapeutic & nutritional solutions are needed to delay its emergence and prevent the development of its associated complications. Here, we tested the effect of HUDEV-PRE, an original mixture of plant extracts, on glucose homeostasis in in two different mouse models of T2D. In a first experiment, 8 weeks old C57Bl/6J males were fed with high-fat diet during 8 weeks to induce insulin resistance. In a second set-up, we used 6 weeks old Ob/Ob males. In both experiments, mice received a double daily oral administration of vehicle, metformin (150mg/kg) or HUDEV-PRE for 30 days. Food intake, body weight change, random fed plasma glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride levels were measured once weekly. Finally, oral glucose tolerance tests (GTT) were performed after 7 and 21 days of treatment. In both models, HUDEV-PRE did not alter food intake and body weight. Interestingly, a rapid, sustainable and significant reduction of random fed blood glucose levels was observed in HFD fed C57Bl/6J and Ob/Ob mice receiving metformin or HUDEV-PRE administration. In HFD fed C57Bl/6J mice, GTT revealed no significant effects at day 7 but a strong improvement of glucose tolerance in mice treated for 21 days with metformin or HUDEV-PRE compared to control vehicle treated mice. In Ob/Ob mice, we observed similar results and the glucose tolerance was even improved after only 7 days of treatment. Finally, at day 21, we also measured a significant reduction of fasting plasma insulin levels and HOMA-IR in both mouse models treated with HUDEV-PRE. Together, our data demonstrate that HUDEV-PRE rapidly improve glucose homeostasis in two mouse models of T2D. Although additional studies are warranted to decipher the mechanisms of action, these findings indicate that HUDEV-PRE could represent a nutritional supplement of interest to delay the onset of insulin resistance and T2D in patients at metabolic risk. Disclosure C.Le may: None. J.Blua: None. B.Cariou: Board Member; Eli Lilly and Company, Novartis, Research Support; Sanofi, Speaker's Bureau; Abbott, AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi.

Mitigation of heat stress effects on laying hens' performances, egg quality, and some blood parameters by adding dietary zinc-enriched yeasts, parsley, and their combination.

Finding natural, handy and efficient nutritional solutions to prevent and mitigate negative effects caused by environmental heat stress and to be applied to large-scale laying hen industry. A 3-weeks trial was conducted on 128 laying hens TETRA-SL LL (50 weeks of age) housed in 8 cages/group, 4 laying hens/cage, 32 laying hens/group, under heat stress conditions (34±1°C). The basal diet on corn and soybean meal was formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenic. Compared to Control group diet (C), experimental groups E1 included 1% zinc-enriched yeast; E2 included 2% parsley and E3 included 1% zinc-enriched yeast combined with 2% parsley to minimize the heat stress effects. The parsley and the zinc-enriched yeast were analysed for their chemical composition, total polyphenols, antioxidant capacity, minerals, vitamin E and incorporated into the ration structure. Production parameters, egg quality, biochemical and haematological profiles of blood samples were analysed during the trial. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) average egg weight was noticed on E2 and E3 compared to Control group, and also during the 1st week compared to the 2nd and the 3rd experimental weeks. Average daily feed intake values were highly significant (p < 0.001) on E3 group compared to C, E1, E2, and on the 2nd week compared to the 3rd experimental week (p < 0.021). Feed conversion rate was highly significant (p < 0.001) during the 2nd and the 3rd experimental weeks compared to the 1st week. The average daily egg production was highly significant (p < 0.001) within 1st week compared to the 2nd and 3rd weeks. A highly significant (p < 0.001) yolk coloration was noticed on E2 and E3 groups. The malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration decreased significantly (p < 0.05) to all experimental groups compared to Control group during the 14th and 28th days of storage. These findings suggest that the two ingredients minimized the heat stress effects on production performance parameters with a demonstrated antioxidant capacity role by delaying the lipid peroxidation during different storage time periods.

Effects of corn replacement by sorghum in broiler chickens diets on performance, blood chemistry, and meat quality

The influence of feeding a new hybrid of sorghum (ES Shamal, orange variety) in broiler chickens on growth, health, meat, and litter quality was evaluated from 1–42 d. A total of 360-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks (40.1 ± 2.3 g) were randomly assigned to 3 experimental diets: 100% corn-based diet (S0), partial replacement of corn with 50% sorghum (S50), total replacement of corn with sorghum (S100). All diets were calculated to be isonitrogenous and isocaloric with similar content of total lysine, total sulphur amino acids, calcium, and available phosphorous. The results indicated that partial or total replacement of corn by sorghum is suitable for broiler chicken diets with no adverse effects on growth, and slaughter performance, as well as litter quality over the whole trial period. Moreover, the substitution of corn with sorghum, reduced (p = .007) abdominal fat associated with an increase in breast and thigh meat colour (L* values; p < .001). Also, a significant (p = .002) decrease in plasma triglyceride was found in broilers fed sorghum-based diets. Except for collagen and hardness in the breast and thigh, and gumminess only in the thigh muscle, there were no differences in fundamental physicochemical (pH, protein, fat, moisture) or textural attributes of meat due to dietary treatment. However, sorghum alters the intestinal microflora, resulting in a lower count of E. coli in the caeca. It can thus, be concluded that sorghum (ES Shamal, orange variety) can be included in broiler feeds from hatching to day 42, without any adverse effects on the broiler’s performance. HIGHLIGHTS Climate changes become a threat to the livestock sector and finding novel nutritional solutions for feeding farm animals became a priority. New sorghum varieties are valuable in terms of drought-resistant plants. Replacement of corn with sorghum in broiler diets maintains growth performances and carcase characteristics.

Nutritional theories and practical solutions to improve the health of children and adolescents

The authors consider nutritional theoretical concepts in the light of the organizational possibilities of their use in modern pediatric practice. Analysis of nutrition problems in an evolutionary aspect implies taking into account the latest achievements in molecular biology, microbiology and biotechnology. As the most important part of medicine and health care, nutrition determines the relationship of a person with the internal and external world and is the basis for the formation of the health of a growing organism. The article discusses the general problems of qualitative and quantitative changes in nutritional parameters during the formation of diseases, their prevention and treatment.

The Effect of Matrix Nutrition by Sulfonated Silicon With S8 on Tuber Yield and Its Components of Potato Cultivars Under Water Deficit Stress Condition

The goal of this study is to increase the tuber yield of potato cultivars by using of nutrient solution of sulfonated silicon with S8 sulfur element and to choose the most suitable method of using the nutrient solution under water deficit stress and normal conditions. This study was performed based on a split factorial experimental design in three replications in Ardabil Potato Research Station, IRAN in 2022. The main factor includes three levels of irrigation (100, 75, and 50% of plant usable water); the second factor includes foliar spraying with a nutrient solution in four stages of plant growth [(1) Tuber formation; (2) Tuber bulking; (3) Tuber formation and tuber bulking; (4) Control (Without nutritional solution)] and the third factor included three potato varieties (Agria, Rona and Takta). A nutrient solution of Sulfonated silicon with S8sulfur element was used for 5 liters per thousand of water. During the growth period, plant height, main stem number per plant, tuber number and weight per plant, tuber yield and water use efficiency were measured. The results showed that foliar spraying with a nutrient solution of sulfonated silicon with S-8 sulfur element amount 5 liters per thousand of water in the stages of tuber formation and tuber bulking increased tuber yield and water use efficiency under normal conditions (100% of plant usable water) about 14.24 ton per hectare and 2.44 kg/m3, under mild stress condition (75% of plant usable water) about 7.04 ton per hectare and 1.61 kg/m3 and under severe stress condition (50% of plant usable water) about 5.50 ton per hectare and 1.89 kg/m3, respectively. The use of the nutrient solution of sulfonated silicon with S8 sulfur element amount 5liters per thousand of water in the stages of tuber formation and tuber bulking increased tuber yield and its components and water use efficiency under normal, mild and severe conditions.

Reuse of Pretreated Agro-Industrial Wastewaters for Hydroponic Production of Lettuce

The utilization of agro-industrial wastewaters (AIWWs), pretreated by immediate one-step lime precipitation + natural carbonation, as a nutritive solution for the hydroponic production of lettuce was evaluated. The AIWWs studied were olive mill wastewater (OMW), winery wastewater (WW), and cheese whey wastewater (CWW). Lettuces (Lactuca sativa L. var. crispa) were grown in a closed nutrient film technique hydroponic system, using the pretreated AIWWs (OMW-T, WW-T, and CWW-T) and a control nutrient solution (CNS). The growth and sensory analysis of lettuces and the environmental parameters of effluents after hydroponics were evaluated. The average number of lettuce leaves obtained with nutrient solutions prepared with AIWW-T was lower than that from CNS, but the highest lettuce chlorophyll content was attained with CWW-T, which also presented the best grow results. In general, sensory analysis did not show significant differences from the lettuces grown in the different pretreated AIWWs and CNS. As for the environmental parameters of the effluents from hydroponics, according to the Portuguese legislation, only the chemical oxygen demand of the OMW-T and WW-T presented slightly higher values than that of the environmental limit values for discharge in surface waters, showing the feasibility of using pretreated agro-industrial effluents in hydroponic lettuce cultivation, while obtaining a treated effluent, in a circular economy perspective.

Embedded fuzzy logic for controlling pH and nutrition in hydroponic cultivation

The uptake of plant nutrients causes nutritional imbalances in hydroponic recirculating systems. Generally, the biological parameters of nutrition solution systems are regulated by pH and nutrients that affect plant health; thus, they must be monitored and managed. In order to solve this issue, a fuzzy logic-based automated control system for intelligent hydroponics was developed. This paper describes the implementation of fuzzy logic controllers into a hydroponic monitoring system. This method produces a controlled hydroponic system in hydroponics by first gathering hydroponic plant data in real time. The system is created using the following steps: system design, prototyping, testing, and assessment. The system’s input consists of TDS and pH sensors, which are used to detect the plant’s nutrient content and pH. The system’s output is a 4-channel relay coupled to 4 small pumps for raising the pH level (pH up), reducing the pH level (pH down), and delivering nutrition AB mix. The fuzzy inference engine employs a combination of the Min-Max and Mamdani techniques. Defuzzification was performed using the centroid technique. The embedded fuzzy logic library (eFLL) is an auxiliary library used by the Arduino IDE. The developed mechanism makes appropriate selections about the nutrition solution management system and pH level.

Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Pembuatan Makanan Sehat dan Bergizi pada Ibu Balita dan Kader Posyandu Bojong Kupa Sukamaju Kaler Kota Tasikmalaya

Introduction: Nutrition is an important factor in the formation of quality, healthy, intelligent and productive human resources (HR). One of the efforts that can be made to improve the nutritional status of toddlers is by holding a supplementary feeding program. Tasikmalaya city is the second higest prevalence in West Java Province. Cases of stunting are still found in the Indihiang Health Center area about 11.18% with most cases of stunting at the Indihiang Health Center were in the Sukamaju Kaler Village, with 103 toddlers. To create a healthy Indonesian society is to empower the community or cadres and mothers who are willing to voluntarily get involved in posyandu issues.&#x0D; Objective: The purpose of this service was to increase nutrition knowledge and equip the skills of mothers and cadres in preparing a healthy supplemenentary food to prevent stunting.&#x0D; Method: This public service was conducted by lectured about nutrition knowledge and demonstrated healthy and nutritious supplementary food for toddler.&#x0D; Result: There was an increase in nutritional knowledge (p = 0.016) and the participants enthusiastically took part in the healthy and nutritious food-making training.&#x0D; Conclusion: Communities empowerment and utilization of local food in research and community service activities can be a nutritional problem solution especially stunting.

Stability and compatibility of parenteral nutrition solutions; a review of influencing factors

Both stability and compatibility of parenteral nutrition solutions (PNS) with drug products are major concerns for clinicians and clinical pharmacists, especially when concurrent administration of PNS with intravenous medications (IVM) is unavoidable. Since the same physicochemical principles apply to both adult’s and paediatrics’ PNS, concerns about stability and compatibility may still apply to both. However, these concerns are relatively more common in paediatrics and neonatal clinical settings, where limited vascular access can be problematic and the coadministration of PNS and drugs is more common. In neonatal and paediatric populations, there have been few experimental studies and comprehensive evaluations looking at medication compatibility with frequently used PNS. This work is part of a larger research project concerned for compatibility of PNS with commonly used intravenous medication in paediatric and neonates. This paper captures and reviews published data on factors influencing stability and compatibility of parenteral nutrition solutions. This information will help clinicians and clinical pharmacists to understand the principals of the stability and compatibility of PNS, furthermore, it will inform better design of future compatibility studies, as it highlights the complexity of PNS and the multiple factors influencing the stability of PNS, and hence its compatibility with IVM. When preparing, prescribing, and administering the PNS, especially when co-administration with IVM is unavoidable, it is important to take into account the physicochemical properties of the PNS components and IVM as well as administration conditions and environmental factors. These factors should also be considered in the design of the compatibility studies of the PNS with the IVM.