Numeracy Research Articles

Kemampuan Literasi Matematis Ditinjau dari Motivasi Belajar pada Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Padang Panjang

This research is motivated by the fact that the number of students who have low mathematical literacy skills is caused by various factors. One of the factors that affects mathematical literacy ability is learning motivation. This study aims to determine the ability of mathematical literacy when viewed from the learning motivation of students. This type of research is quantitative descriptive. The sample in this study is grade XI students of SMA Negeri 2 Padang Panjang. The sample selection technique in this study uses the Stratified random sampling technique where the sample is selected based on strata. The instrument used in this study is test questions in the form of essays to see students' mathematical literacy skills. Data analysis was carried out descriptively on all research data. The results showed that the average mathematical literacy ability was 50 which was classified as low. If viewed from high learning motivation is classified as medium with an average score of 69, when viewed from medium learning motivation has low mathematical literacy skills with an average score of 56 and mathematical literacy ability reviewed from low learning motivation is classified as low in the low category with an average score of 25

Analysis of High School Students' Mathematical Literacy Skills in Solving Contextual Problems on SPtDV Material

Mathematical literacy is one of the abilities that must be possessed in today's 21st-century education. This study aims to describe the mathematical literacy skills of grade X students at one of the Yogyakarta high schools in Bantul Regency in solving contextual problems on SPtDV (System of Inequality of Two Variables) material. The method used was descriptive qualitative. Data were collected through multiple-choice tests, descriptions, and questionnaires using SPtDV material. Data analysis was done by reducing and presenting data, and drawing conclusions based on indicators of students' mathematical literacy (mathematical process). Sampling of the population was carried out using a non-purposive sampling technique. To determine the number of samples to be taken, researchers used a saturated sampling technique. The research subjects were students of class X of Yogyakarta Private Senior High School in Bantul Regency in the first semester of the 2023/2024 academic year, with a total of 20 students. The results showed that students with high ability were able to fulfill all three aspects of the indicators in mathematical literacy skills, namely formulating, using, and interpreting. While students with moderate ability were able to fulfill two aspects of the indicator, namely formulating and using. And students with low ability were only able to fulfill one aspect of the indicator, namely formulating. The percentage of results obtained is based on the Mathematical Literacy Profile Criteria, namely: 10% proficient, 60% proficient, 15% basic, and 15% need special intervention. This study implies that it is important for other researchers to explore the factors that influence the mathematical literacy skills of low-ability students, especially in high school students or equivalent.

The diagnostic work on informa tics for students of the 9th grade to check the development of functional literacy

The article presents a diagnostic work on informatics for students of the 9th grade of a comprehensive school. The work is carried out in order to determine the level of development of functional literacy (reading, natural science, mathematical literacy) in students. The assessment of functional literacy is aimed at identifying the conditions for successful learning of students in basic school in the subject of "Informatics" and their achievement of personal, meta-subject and subject results in mastering the basic educational program in this subject. The priority of developing functional literacy is enshrined in the updated Federal State Educational Standards and is the most important condition for the development of a harmoniously developed personality. The relevance of creating a diagnostic work that reveals the level of development of functional literacy in informatics is determined by the fact that, unlike other subject areas, in informatics it is impossible to rely on the content of the tasks of All-Russian Verification Works (the All-Russian Verification Works are not carried out in the 9th grade, therefore, tasks for them have not been developed), and the tasks from the Control and Measuring Materials of the Main State Exam require significant revision to fully cover all areas of functional literacy development.The diagnostic work presents one variant, which includes the text describing a certain situation, and tasks for it, developed on the context of educational material of various subject areas. The tasks are created on the basis of life situations and are united by one theme.

Teachers' strategies for training students' literacy and numeracy through media-based learning in Pansor Village

This community service is entitled teacher strategies in training students' literacy and numeracy through media-based learning at SDN 5 in Pansor village, Kayangan sub-district, North Lombok district. This service is carried out with several objectives, first, to increase awareness about the importance of learning numeracy literacy from an early age, second, to provide knowledge to the students of SDN 5 Sesait that learning numeracy literacy is not just by reading books but can use several tools. apart from books such as drawing media and ice cream sticks and so on. The method used is a face-to-face and direct practice method of learning literacy and numeracy using image-based media or using ice cream sticks by constructing a framework. The results obtained from this service or socialization are to outline the methods used by teachers to teach students mathematics and literacy using media-based learning. Numeracy literacy is one of the first steps or stages that must be trained in school. One of the factors causing media-based Literacy and Numeracy training to be held in Pansor Village, especially at SDN 5 Sesait, is the low ability in reading and arithmetic in grades 5 and 6 which is caused by contemporary factors, namely playing online games and playing social media, especially for children. elementary school children who are continuously without parental supervision.

European Trends in Local Public Administration: Adapting to Globalization

The trend of globalization, accompanied by the dynamic development of social systems, places national states in a completely new position, in which institutions and administrative systems must be adapted. Any intervention in the field of public administration reform implies changes in major components, including central administration, local administration and public services. On the other hand, the development of democracy calls for the establishment of a new relationship between citizens and the administration, increasing and strengthening the role of local authorities and reconsidering the partnership with civil society. There are numerous reasons for the structural and functional modernization of the public administration in Romania, starting from the need for more efficient functioning of government institutions to the aspiration to become a member of the European Union. The present study aims to address these aspects, taking into account the impact of the reform measures at the public administration level that have been undertaken recently. Through the coherent and continuous development of the decentralization process in the next period, we will be able to witness the increase in the quality and efficiency of public services, and local administrations will respond to the demands of citizens and local development in an improved way. Keywords: development, Europe, municipalities, public administration

PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN ASSURE TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN LITERASI MATEMATIS PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR

This research aims to find out whether the Mathematical Literacy of students who receive learning using the Assure model is better than those who receive learning using the Problem Based Learning model. This research is a quasi-experimental research with the subjects of this research being students in classes 5A and 5B at SDN Anyar 2 with 27 students in each class. This research uses test instruments to measure students' mathematical literacy and non-test instruments using interviews and observations. This research data analysis technique uses descriptive statistics on the Pretest and Posttest. The research results showed that in the pretest, experimental class students got an average of 50.4 and the control class 49.12 and there was almost no difference in initial ability. Posttest results showed that the experimental class was superior with an average score of 78 and the control class 63.85. This shows that the mathematical literacy skills of experimental class students who were given the Assure model improved better than students who were given the Problem Based Learning model.

Analysis of Mathematical literacy through the lens of students' spatial geometry aptitude

Mathematical literacy assumes a significant role in assisting students in resolving everyday problems. The research design utilized in this study is a descriptive qualitative method, which aims to assess students' literacy skills by categorizing them as high, moderate, or low based on various mathematical literacy indicators on the spatial facets of geometry. Research results were analyzed and sorted into categories denoting high, moderate, and low mathematical abilities, with one research subject chosen from each category from a total of 32 students. The outcomes reveal that students with high mathematical test abilities could formulate and apply appropriate formulas, interpret and effectively communicate results, and draw accurate conclusions. Students with moderate abilities were only formulating and interpreting while needing more ability to effectively communicate, provide suitable conclusions, or evaluate the problems encountered. Lastly, the low ones needed help to solve the given problems and indicators.

Research on the Application of PBL + SPOC Blended Teaching Model in Probability and Statistics Course

To cultivate talents with an exploratory spirit and practical skills in the era of information technology, it is imperative to reform teaching methods and approaches. In the teaching process of the Probability and Statistics course, an application-oriented blended teaching model combining problem-based learning and small private online course was explored. By organizing and implementing online and offline teaching activities based on problem-based learning, a multidimensional process-oriented learning assessment system was established. Practice has shown that this model can effectively enhance classroom teaching effectiveness, benefiting the improvement of students’ overall skills and mathematical literacy.

Computational Thinking Processes in Solving the Corona Epidemic Model: Pre-service Maths Teachers

In the 21st century, pre-service mathematics teachers are expected to have problem-solving skills that are effective, efficient, and solutive and are in line with the mindset of computer experts. In learning mathematics, the concept of computational thinking (CT) is also needed and at this time, many still have difficulty solving mathematical problems in general, especially in solving problems in epidemic mathematical models. The subjects of this study were twenty-seven pre-service mathematics teacher students who took mathematical modeling courses. The researcher used the purposive sampling technique to select two research samples. The research method used was a descriptive qualitative research method in exploring the thinking process of pre-service mathematics teacher students in solving the problem of modeling the epidemic spread of disease. The results showed that the thinking process of the first subject began with identifying the problem and existing information by writing down the data in the form of a graph so as to get a certain pattern, which was then used as the basis for the process of transforming the problem into mathematical language. By adding assumptions related to the existence of environmental limitations in the next epidemic model, the concept of differential equations, in which there are integral properties and natural logarithms, can be used to find the solution to the epidemic model. The second subject was unable to solve the integral at hand. The researcher discovered that pre-service mathematics teacher students who correctly solved the problem in the mathematical model used CT components, namely decomposition, abstraction, pattern recognition, algorithm and mathematical literacy.

CRYPTOCURRENCY ADOPTION IN INTERNATIONAL MARKETS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Cryptocurrency is next in the list of gigantic financial innovations in modern times, changing the way any person, institution, and the government interacts through the global economy. Starting with Bitcoin back in 2009, it refers to decentralized digital currency based on the blockchain technology that can help someone carry out transparent, peer-to-peer, and safe transactions without using banks. There are numerous reasons that have fueled interest in cryptocurrencies, including financial independence, high returns on investment, and increased privacy in transactions. As cryptocurrencies take the world by storm in most international markets, they present major challenges and unique opportunities in equal measure. The acceptance of cryptocurrencies varies widely from country to country, depending on the regulatory environment, technology infrastructure, and cultural orientation toward digital finance. Areas with supportive regulations and the most advanced technological ecosystems promote rapid adoption, while restrictions in policies and limited technology access have hindered adoption in other areas. Apart from that, the inherent volatility of cryptocurrencies gives rise to several concerns with regard to using them as reliable mediums of exchange or stores of value, which may discourage potential users and investors. Security, fraud, and how a cryptocurrency works raise issues with trust, thereby making acceptance complicated. Despite these challenges, cryptocurrencies hold the potential for revolutionizing financial systems through financial inclusion in underbanked regions and facilitating faster, cheaper cross-border transactions. This paper aims to explore what factors drive the adoption or do not of the cryptocurrency by international markets and their related business and consumer implications. Through multiple case studies and insights obtained from various regions, the work attempts to deliver a profound understanding of the challenges posed by cryptocurrency adoption and at the same time the possible opportunities, in order ultimately to show the transformative value that cryptocurrency has in shaping the rapidly changing global economy.

Teachers’ perceptions of enabling and hindering factors in child abuse disclosures

ContextIt is well argued in literature that teachers are ideally placed to observe and monitor children for signs of abuse and neglect, there are categories of abuse which are more difficult to observe in the school context, such as sexual abuse and rely on children ‘telling’ about their experience. For numerous and complex reasons, children find it difficult to ‘tell’; however, there are enabling factors that support children in this process. AimThe aim of this paper is to outline primary or elementary school teachers’ opinions on the enabling and hindering factors to children talking and telling about abuse in the school environment. MethodsA qualitative research study was undertaken in the Irish context with 21 primary school teachers. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with all participants and as part of each interview, teachers elaborated on the barriers and facilitators which enable children to disclose abuse in the school environment. FindingsParticular barriers to children reporting in the school environment relate to how difficult it is for children to tell, the lack of meaningful collaboration between schools and the Child and Family Agency who have statutory responsibility in the Irish context for dealing with child protection reports and the lack of training available for teachers. Enablers to children telling in the school environment include the relationship of trust built between teacher and child and the implementation of a personal safety skills programme. ImplicationsThis research highlights that teachers can create the conditions that support children talking about abuse and they must be properly supported and adequately trained to support them in doing so.

Development of a 3D Ethnomathematics Model for the Dayak Tribe of Central Kalimantan with the Assistance of Virtual Reality Media

This research aims to test the feasibility of the 3D Ethnomathematics model for the Dayak Tribe of Central Kalimantan as well as provide alternative learning media for students using Virtual Reality technology and create a 3D Ethnomathematics model based on Virtual Reality so that students get an in-depth and interesting learning experience to strengthen numeracy literacy. This research uses the Research and Development (RnD) method with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) development model. This research was conducted using qualitative and quantitative solving approaches. A qualitative approach is used at the analysis stage, model development design stage, and assessment stage of product feasibility obtained from an open questionnaire in the form of input, responses, criticism, and suggestions. A quantitative approach is used in product feasibility assessment tests from media experts and material experts as well as testing the effectiveness of 3D models from students. Feasibility assessments by media experts and material experts were obtained from closed questionnaires. The effectiveness test was carried out through a pretest-posttest design in small groups, namely 5 elementary school students. Based on the research results, the results of the feasibility test by media experts and material experts showed that the 3D Ethnomathematics model of the Dayak Tribe of Central Kalimantan was in the feasible category with a percentage of 92% and 90%. The results of the effectiveness test carried out in small groups through pretest-posttest increased from the pre-test average with a score of 64 to 84 during the post-test after using the 3D Ethnomathematics model. So, it can be concluded that the 3D Ethnomathematics model of the Dayak Tribe of Central Kalimantan is feasible and effective to use.

CSR dan Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Publik Terdaftar di Malaysia

Implementing a corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategy is believed to bring financial benefits to businesses while also enhancing their corporate image. However, there are numerous reasons for engaging in CSR activities. It is clear that CSR involvement requires substantial financial and resource investment, which can impact a company's profit margins. Nonetheless, CSR efforts have been shown to boost a company's reputation and present a positive image to stakeholders. Although businesses incur costs, these investments are expected to yield increased profits and strengthen shareholder trust and confidence. This study aims to examine the effect of CSR on the financial performance of selected sectors that contribute to Malaysia's economy. Using a quantitative approach, this research analyzes secondary data collected through Stata 14 SE software, covering the period from 2016 to 2020 for 124 publicly listed Malaysian companies in the construction, industrial products and services, consumer products and services, plantation, and energy sectors. The study reveals that CSR has an insignificant impact on the return on assets (ROA) of these companies. However, the findings also indicate that CSR significantly affects financial performance when measured by net profit margin (NPM) in these sectors.

Improving mathematical literacy: How does PBL affect the students’ performance?

Improving mathematical literacy: How does PBL affect the students’ performance?

Applying Machine Learning and SHAP Method to Identify Key Influences on Middle-School Students' Mathematics Literacy Performance.

The PISA 2022 literacy assessment highlights a significant decline in math performance among most OECD countries, with the magnitude of this decline being approximately three times that of the previous round. Remarkably, Hong Kong, Macao, Taipei, Singapore, Japan, and Korea ranked in the top six among all participating countries or economies, with Taipei, Singapore, Japan, and Korea also demonstrating improved performance. Given the widespread concern about the factors influencing secondary-school students' mathematical literacy, this paper adopts machine learning and the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method to analyze 34,968 samples and 151 features from six East Asian education systems within the PISA 2022 dataset, aiming to pinpoint the crucial factors that affect middle-school students' mathematical literacy. First, the XGBoost model has the highest prediction accuracy for math literacy performance. Second, 15 variables were identified as significant predictors of mathematical literacy across the student population, particularly variables such as mathematics self-efficacy (MATHEFF) and expected occupational status (BSMJ). Third, mathematics self-efficacy was determined to be the most influential factor. Fourth, the factors influencing mathematical literacy vary among individual students, including the key influencing factors, the direction (positive or negative) of their impact, and the extent of this influence. Finally, based on our findings, four recommendations are proffered to enhance the mathematical literacy performance of secondary-school students.

A Study on Calculus Examination in Japanese Top University Entrance Exams and Educational Enlightenment for Gifted Students in Mathematics

Calculus is the cornerstone of many branches of modern mathematics and a crucial component of mathematics education. This article conducts in-depth qualitative and quantitative research and analysis on the calculus questions in the entrance exams of three top universities in Japan (University of Tokyo, Kyoto University, and Tokyo Institute of Technology). It is found that the calculus questions in the entrance exams of the three universities cover a wide range of knowledge and are highly comprehensive, with comparable difficulty in testing calculus knowledge. At the same time, the examination of calculus emphasizes the characteristics of students' comprehensive mathematical literacy.

Lessons learned from designing an open-source automated feedback system for STEM education

AbstractAs distance learning becomes increasingly important and artificial intelligence tools continue to advance, automated systems for individual learning have attracted significant attention. However, the scarcity of open-source online tools that are capable of providing personalized feedback has restricted the widespread implementation of research-based feedback systems. In this work, we present RATsApp, an open-source automated feedback system (AFS) that incorporates research-based features such as formative feedback. The system focuses on core STEM competencies such as mathematical competence, representational competence, and data literacy. It also allows lecturers to monitor students’ progress. RATsApp can be used at different levels of STEM education or research, as it allows the creation and customization of the educational content. We present a specific case of its implementation in higher education, where we report the results of a usability survey (N=64), using the technology acceptance model 2 (TAM2), to evaluate the user experience of undergraduate students. Our findings confirm the applicability of the TAM2 framework, revealing that factors such as the relevance to the course of study, output quality, and ease of use significantly influence the perceived usefulness. We also found a linear relation between the perceived usefulness and the intention to use, which in turn is a significant predictor of the frequency of use. Moreover, the formative feedback feature of RATsApp received positive feedback, indicating its potential as an educational tool. Furthermore, as an open-source platform, RATsApp encourages public contributions to its ongoing development, fostering a collaborative approach to improve educational tools.

META-ANALYSIS: THE IMPROVEMENT NUMERACY LITERACY THROUGH PROBLEM BASED LEARNING

Numeracy literacy is a very important skill in the 21st century. However, the numeracy literacy rate in Indonesia is still low, this can be seen from the results of the PISA test and various observational studies in schools. One way to overcome this problem is by applying the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model. The aim of this research is to determine the improvement numeracy literacy through the PBL model. The research method used is meta analysis with a sequence of preparation, implementation and analysis stages. The analyzed articles were 10 articles, with the criteria of each article discussing the PBL model for numeracy literacy, and there was information about the mean and standard deviation. The results obtained are that students' numeracy literacy through the PBL model has increased, where . It was concluded that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test literacy numeracy scores before and after the PBL model. The average pre-test and post-test scores are 62.54 and 77.92 respectively, numeracy literacy in the post-test is higher than in the pre-test, so it can be concluded that the PBL model can increase students' numeracy literacy. The articles analyzed have similarities and differences in results and views because many aspects are applied. There were 2 different studies found, both of which received an Effect Size (ES) value of 0.09 and were categorized as small, so further research related to PBL on numeracy literacy, especially at the elementary school level, considering that in this meta analysis only used 1 data with the elementary school level whose results were not significant.

Vulnerability detection based on transformer and high‐quality number embedding

SummarySoftware vulnerability detection is an important problem in software security. In recent years, deep learning offers a novel approach for source code vulnerability detection. Due to the similarities between programming languages and natural languages, many natural language processing techniques have been applied to vulnerability detection tasks. However, specific problems within vulnerability detection tasks, such as buffer overflow, involve numerical reasoning. For these problems, the model needs to not only consider long dependencies and multiple relationships between statements of code but also capture the magnitude property of numerical literals in the program through high‐quality number embeddings. Therefore, we propose VDTransformer, a Transformer‐based method that improves source code embedding by integrating word and number embeddings. Furthermore, we employ Transformer encoders to construct a hierarchical neural network that extracts semantic features from the code and enables line‐level vulnerability detection. To evaluate the effectiveness of the method, we construct a dataset named OverflowGen based on templates for buffer overflow. Experimental comparisons on OverflowGen with a well‐known static vulnerability detector and two state‐of‐the‐art deep learning‐based methods confirm the effectiveness of VDTransformer and the importance of high‐quality number embeddings in vulnerability detection tasks involving numerical features.

Exploring Middle School Students' Challenges in Mathematical Literacy: A Study on AKM Problem-Solving

Mathematical literacy is the ability to formulate, apply, and interpret everyday problems. The Minimum Competency Assessment (AKM) program in Indonesia is designed to evaluate these essential skills, similar to the PISA framework. Assessing mathematical literacy through the AKM ensures that students meet basic competency standards, helping to improve overall educational quality and better preparing students for global competition. This research reveals the characteristics of students' mathematical literacy when solving AKM problems. The study was conducted at a junior high school in Surakarta, Indonesia. The research stages included giving AKM problems, observing students' problem-solving processes through think-aloud methods, conducting interviews for confirmation, reducing data, coding data, analyzing data, and drawing conclusions. The data used included students' answers, observation sheets, and interview transcripts. When formulating problems, students often struggle to accurately understand the issues at hand. This leads to incomplete data during the problem-solving process, resulting in calculation errors or mistakes in applying formulas. These errors create a domino effect, leading to incorrect answers. Students' difficulties in formulating mathematical problems can potentially cause calculation errors and improper use of formulas, ultimately leading to incorrect solutions. This negatively impacts their conceptual understanding, learning motivation, and readiness to face educational challenges or enter the workforce. To address these difficulties, teachers can enhance students' conceptual understanding, promote critical thinking, implement problem-based learning, use visual aids, provide targeted support, and focus on developing mathematical literacy from an early age.