Number Of Accidents Research Articles

The importance of road safety inspection for the improvement of pedestrian safety in traffic

Road safety inspection is a modern tool for improving road safety, that is, a preventive tool that is applied on roads in use. The goal of preventive action in road safety is to improve road safety, through reducing the number and consequences of traffic accidents. The road safety inspection involves the analysis of general data about the section, the analysis of traffic accidents, but also the analysis of specific road defects. 11 specific elements are analyzed, including vulnerable road users, including pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists. Vulnerable road users are particularly at risk because in the event of a traffic accident, they suffer more severe consequences because their body is not physically protected. This paper shows the importance of road safety inspections for the improvement of pedestrian safety in traffic.

Analysis of the relationship between unregistered employment and occupational accidents in Turkey.

Occupational accidents are anticipated to decline when unregistered employment declines because of more regulated working conditions, inspections, and opportunities for legal protection. In the study, the accuracy of this presumption was examined. This study aims to examine how to protective legal regulations generate a relationship between occupational accidents and informal employment such as the Occupational Health and Safety Law in Turkey. In the research, which was structured within the framework of the quantitative method, various levels of relationship chains were created between informal employment and occupational accidents using correlation and slope calculations. The official data set was created using secondary data from the Turkish Statistical Institute and the Social Security Institution. It has been determined that the low positive correlation (r = 0.166) between unregistered employment and occupational accidents in 2008-2012 (pre-legislation period) in Turkey changed to the medium-negative direction (r=-0.602) in 2013-2020 (legislation period). While the assumption that unregistered employment would decrease in the first period was confirmed, the hypothesis was falsified by the increase in occupational accidents despite the decrease in informality in the second period. This study is unique because it shows that in a developing country where unregistered employment is high, the protective regulations for work accidents do not reflect a decrease in the number of work accidents in the short and medium term.

Traffic situation in Yerevan and ways to modernize with the help of current problem of traffic congestion

Introduction. This article addresses the pressing issue of road traffic congestion in the capital of Armenia, Yerevan, and proposes a solution using the Automated Traffic Management System (ATMS). The introduction underscores the significance of effective traffic management in ensuring the safety and comfort of urban residents.Materials and methods. The analysis of the current situation raises concerns about traffic density, congestion, inefficient use of road resources, and their impact on the environment and citizens’ quality of life. In turn, the exploration of ATMS as a solution includes an explanation of the system’s concept, its benefits, and successful global implementation examples. The implementation plan for ATMS encompasses stages from data collection to traffic management, along with necessary technical and infrastructural changes. The assessment of costs and benefits underscores the economic and social components of anticipated outcomes.Conclusions. The introduction of automated traffic management systems (ATMS) leads to a significant reduction in transport delays at intersections by 10–20%, which reduces gasoline consumption for movement by 30%. The number of traffic accidents at intersections is reduced by 10–15%. This leads to economic benefits, improved road safety and improved environmental conditions in cities.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on road traffic injuries in Iran: An interrupted time-series analysis.

Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the number of road accidents and deaths caused by them. The present study aimed to identify the effect of this epidemic on traffic accidents and their casualties in Iran. In this study, Interrupted Time Series Analysis (ITSA) was used in a semi-experimental design to measure the impact of the restrictive policies of COVID-19 on road accidents. Data were collected retrospectively from the Iran Red Crescent Society data set for 31 provinces from March 2017 to February 2022. The information related to the number of road accidents, injuries, deaths, and deaths in the hospital was collected. The Newey-West method is used for estimation. Statistical analyses were carried out using R software version 3.6.1. Since February 2020 in Iran, the reduction in the number of road accidents and the number of injuries and deaths in these accidents was significant at 5% but the reduction of deaths in the scene and hospital was significant at 10%. In general, for all variables, the reduction trend was established only in the first months, and then it had an upward trend. In the early months of the COVID-19 epidemic in Iran, the number of road accidents and their casualties decreased. Policies restricting traffic, quarantine, and fines for violators can be reasons for changing people's behavior and travel patterns and also lead to a reduction in traffic accidents and fatalities. Such studies can explain the importance of the policies in changing behavioural patterns and can be used as a guide in future policies.

Evaluating the effectiveness of strategies for mitigating fatigue among construction workers in Abuja, Nigeria: a quantitative analysis

Fatigue is one of the menaces that contribute to the rising number of construction-related accidents and fatalities in projects. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify several strategies that can be adopted to mitigate fatigue in construction projects. This was achieved through a quantitative study. A questionnaire was the main instrument for data collection in the quantitative study. The study revealed that frustration/depression or work pressure is one of the significant causes of fatigue in construction projects. Fatigue risk management education and bonding among workers are some of the underlying strategies that can be used to mitigate the identified causes. Depending on the nature of the fatigue causative elements, the study further established that some mitigation strategies are more effective than others. Therefore, further studies should be conducted by prospective researchers on a range of attributes that may influence the success of fatigue mitigation strategies in construction projects.

Analysis of occupational injuries among workers in foundry workshops

The results of the analysis of occupational injuries among workers in foundry workshops with different types of production are presented. It is shown that the highest number of accidents by location occurs in the fettling‑cleaning, molding, and meltingpouring areas of foundry workshops, and the most hazardous professions are those of fettler, molder, melter, pourer, and repair fitter. An analysis of the causes of injuries in foundry workshops showed that about 76 % of cases occur due to organizational reasons, about 16 % due to technical reasons, about 6 % due to sanitary‑hygienic reasons, and about 2 % due to psychophysiological reasons. The possibility of predicting injury rates among workers in foundry workshops is demonstrated.

ANGKA KECELAKAAN KERJA NAIK PENINGKATAN DALAM 8 TAHUN TERAKHIR : PENGIMPLEMENTASIAN PROGRAM ZERO ACCIDENT AWARD

This research discusses important aspects in achieving complete mobility in a company, with a focus on labor aspects and Occupational Health and Safety (K3). Even though the company received the "Zero Accident Award" from the Ministry of Manpower for its success in achieving zero work accidents, the increase in the number of accidents in recent years shows the lack of success of this program. This research uses a qualitative approach with normative juridical analysis to identify gaps between regulations for implementing the Zero Accident Award program and field practice. The research results show the need for continuous improvement in risk management and work accident prevention in companies.

Safety Impact Prediction of Redesigning National Roads Crossing Residential Areas: An Italian Case Study

The purpose of this study is to determine the safety effectiveness of an intervention on an existing road by using predictive methods. Predictive methods allow the benefit of the intervention to be quantified in terms of crash reduction. Currently, the most widely used model is reported in the Highway Safety Manual, developed in the US. The HSM model is adapted to the Italian context through a calibration procedure. The model is then applied to two future scenarios: in the absence and presence of intervention. The redesign intervention consists of rehabilitating some road sections and constructing five tunnel bypasses to avoid crossing residential areas. The comparison between the ‘with’ and ‘without’ scenario estimated an overall reduction in the number of accidents of around 45%. The variant scenario is based on reasonable assumptions that allowed the determination of the proportion of traffic that will be diverted to the variant. In addition, several alternative future scenarios are considered to assess a possible different trend in assumed traffic distribution. Moreover, a possible overall increase or reduction in total traffic affecting the road is taken into account. The results showed that the intervention provided significant benefits even with increased traffic, proving the resilience of the intervention.

ANALYSIS OF BLACK SPOTS ON JL. RAYA KAKAP KUBU RAYA DISTRICT WITH Z-SCORE METHOD

Kubu Raya is a district in West Kalimantan Province. It is directly adjacent to Pontianak City, the province's capital. This condition increases mobility and vehicle traffic, resulting in a relatively high accident rate.Traffic accident data came from the Kubu Raya Regency Police Station, and field observations obtained data on road condition and completeness. The analysis methods used are weighting, Z-Score, and CUSUM (Cumulative Summary).The number of accidents in Jalan Raya Kakap during 2020 - 2022 amounted to 26 incidents. The characteristics of traffic accidents on Jalan Raya Kakap for three years (2020 - 2022) are that victims with minor injuries are more than victims of death and serious injuries, namely seven victims in 2020, 8 victims in 2021, and 18 victims in 2022. STA points 0 - 1 have the highest number of accidents during the 3-year period, which is 152 STA points. 2-3 by 129, and point STA. One black spot falls into the high accident vulnerability category: point STA. 0-1. Two black spots fall into the high accident vulnerability category: STA points. 2-3 and STA. 7-8. Four black spots fall into the medium category. Three black spots fall into the low category. Moreover, four points are categorized as not accident-prone.

Pavement maintenance and surface treatment: Evaluation and prevention towards road safety aspect along Ampang Jaya road

Abstract The severity of road damage, such as surface cracking or potholes putting drivers of moving vehicles at greater risk of collisions. This study aims to determine and propose the maintenance procedure and surface treatment activity carried out along Jalan Taman Putra, Jalan Bunga Raya and Jalan Perdana Utama in Ampang Jaya, Selangor. From a visual inspection, Jalan Bunga Raya and Jalan Perdana Utama was rated as B and required immediate repairs, while Rating C required to be fixed for user comfort on Jalan Taman Putra. Patch defects account for 45 % and 46 % of all defects on Jalan Taman Putra and Jalan Bunga Raya routes, respectively. Meanwhile, most defects on Jalan Perdana Utama were delamination, accounting for 38 % of all defects. The statistics on the number of road accidents show that pavement restoration work is effective when it results in a decrease in accidents between 2015 and 2021 by 42 % in Jalan Taman Putra, 33 % in Jalan Bunga Raya, and 12 % in Jalan Perdana Utama. Rehabilitating the roads had a favourable impact on Ampang Jaya, Selangor's low traffic accidents rate and raised levels of road safety. To improve road safety features, efficient supervision and maintenance efficiency are required.

Fundamental Concepts of Deck Cargo Handling and Transportation Safety

The transportation of various cargoes, including equipment, machinery, modules, vessels and even steel products, on the upper open decks of seagoing ships presents unique challenges, especially in adverse weather conditions. Improper stowage and securing of deck cargoes are the main causes of a significant number of accidents at sea, resulting not only in financial losses but, most importantly, in tragic loss of life, both at sea and during port operations. This underscores the urgent need to improve methods and practices related to cargo stowage and securing, which remains one of the most risky aspects of maritime operations. This paper presents a comprehensive research initiative that addresses the complex aspects of planning, stowage and maritime transportation of deck cargo. It examines the key determinants and factors affecting the safety of the transportation process and provides a thorough analysis of the challenges encountered during deck cargo operations. The findings of the study enable the implementation of robust safety measures to safeguard property and lives in this vital sector of maritime logistics.

Automatic Pedestrian Safety in Automobiles through Microcontroller and RF Technology

One of the government's top priorities for creating a safe driving environment is pedestrian safety. To guarantee safety in all respects, many safety measures have been put into place by the government and adopted by the populace. The main goal of this study is to indirectly lower the number of accidents by eliminating their core causes. Careless driving and excessive speeding are the main causes of accidents. This document ensures that a car is designed to travel at a specific pace in each area, keeping it within safe speed limit. This lessens the impact of accidents, including material and human loss. This is accomplished by using the proper microcontroller, RF transmitter, and receiver through a comparison process. The car equipped with a receiver, receives the data signal from the traffic sign board, compares it to the output, and adjusts the speed of the vehicle to a safe level. By doing this, the car is always forced to go at the designated speed, and driving behaviour is altered, reducing the likelihood of accidents. This offers a supplementary safety precaution that focuses on eliminating the primary sources of mishaps.

Comprehensive risk assessment of Pakistan railway network: A semi-quantitative risk matrix approach

Pakistan Railway (PR) is vital to the country's transportation infrastructure, facilitating passenger and freight transportation. However, the growing number of accidents associated with PR has raised concerns about its overall safety. In addition, there have been limited research efforts to investigate PR accidents and their underlying causes The present study conducts a comprehensive risk assessment and safety management of PR using a semi-quantitative risk matrix approach. The study combines historical accident data and expert evaluations to assess the likelihood and consequences of different railway accident types and potential contributing factors. The descriptive statistics analysis has revealed varying degrees of severity for different types of railway accidents in Pakistan. For instance, accidents like passenger and goods train derailments and collisions at unmanned level crossings were identified as extreme and intolerable, whereas train fire accidents were categorized as high and undesirable. Moreover, accidents attributed to human error are classified as extreme and intolerable, while those caused by negligence of road users and track defects are classified as high and undesirable. The study utilized the risk matrix approach and identified critical risk areas that can help the decision-makers prioritize effective risk mitigation strategies. In light of the present study's findings, policy implications, such as investment in infrastructure to mitigate risks associated with aging or deteriorating tracks, bridges, and tunnels, and human resource development for railway personnel to improve their skills, decision-making abilities, and awareness of safety protocols, are recommended.

Meningkatkan Standar Keselamatan: Kajian Implementasi Program K3 Di Hotel X

Offices or companies are places often traversed by workers in completing tasks related to the company to achieve its goals. Therefore, offices are places that have potential hazards which certainly affect the safety and health of workers in the office. Data from Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) Ketenagakerjaan shows an increase in the number of work-related accidents in Indonesia from 2018 to 2020. In 2018, there were 147,000 cases recorded, followed by 114,235 cases in 2019. In 2020, the number of work-related accidents increased to 177,161 cases. This study aims to assess the implementation of occupational health and safety (K3) programs at Hotel X located in Bandung. Data was obtained through observations and interviews, discussing K3 training, incident handling procedures, and K3 program evaluation at the hotel. The results show the existence of comprehensive Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and training for employees, management involvement in K3 policy development, and routine evaluations to ensure good occupational safety and health.

METHODS OF TRANSPORT MODELLING AS RESEARCH TOOLS IN CREATING TRAFFIC SAFETY MODELS IN URBAN AREAS

In a modern city with heavy traffic and increasing complexity of transportation systems, the issue of traffic planning to minimize the number of road accidents becomes particularly acute. Transport modelling is one of the tools used in the research and development of traffic models in urban areas. By using transport modelling, it is possible to identify potential hazards and evaluate the effectiveness of proposed safety measures that reduce accident risks and improve traffic safety in urban planning. Existing transport modelling methods, including microscopic, mesoscopic, macroscopic, dynamic, and static, have been examined. An analysis of the main characteristics of each method was conducted, along with the software that supports their implementation, evaluating the advantages and limitations of each method as research tools in creating traffic safety models in urban areas. As a result of the study, the simulation micromodelling method was proposed for assessing safety levels when analyzing existing solutions or during the design phase of new elements of the street and road network in cities. Key factors have been identified that justify the use of micromodelling when forming a traffic safety model. Based on the research, it was found that for assessing the safety level of existing solutions for street and road network elements and during the development of a traffic safety model in urban areas, the simulation micromodelling method is the most appropriate. At the same time, applying a set of measures to adapt the chosen implementation of this method to a specific type of street and road network element significantly improves the accuracy of traffic safety assessment results in cities.

Intelligent Helmet System for Prevention of Accidents

Abstract: India, like, has a huge number of road accidents almost every year. The accidents may be due to like many reasons like by drinking and driving, driving like rashly, exceeding the speed limit, etc., you know. Sometimes, the person who like gets injured might not be like responsible for the Accident, you know what I mean. It might be the fault of some other vehicle rider, maybe. But overall, both riders will get like affected, kind of. Due to a lack, you know, of first aid and emergency medical services on time, the riders may like die, which is kind of sad, you know. Some deaths are occurred due to the ambulance not reaching the desired location on time, which is, like, bad, you know. In case of an accident, to save time and inform the concerned person, a system is proposed like which can made sure that the rider gets the required attention in a short time, you know. In, like, India, many people use two-wheeler vehicles as compared to four-wheeler vehicles because of its, you know, low which is kind, like, interesting, you know what I mean. In many accidents, the rider gets injured mainly on the head, kind of, you know. A helmet kind of plays a very important role in saving the life of the ridden, you know what I mean. So to encourage people to wear helmets and to avoid accidents, a design is proposed that synchronizes the, you know, module present in the bike, which is kind of cool.

Road Accident Analysis and Classification Using Machine Learning Algorithms

Abstract: India is facing a severe public health crisis characterized by a significant number of road accidents resulting in fatalities and life-altering injuries. This study undertakes a detailed analysis of road accidents in India using multi-year accident data to unveil recurring patterns and identify high-risk demographics. The research meticulously examines the primary causes of these accidents, including driver behavior such as speeding, and inadequate road infrastructure such as poor lighting, signage, potholes, and vehicle malfunctions. Moreover, the paper proposes a comprehensive approach to prevent these tragedies. It suggests strategies for enhancing road design and maintenance, enforcing traffic regulations more rigorously, and conducting targeted public awareness campaigns to promote responsible driving practices. By highlighting the alarming increase in fatalities and the substantial socio-economic costs associated with these accidents, this research emphasizes the critical need for immediate and effective interventions to establish a safer road environment for all citizens in India.

Safe Driving Analytics

Abstract: Are you aware that violations of safe driving regulations account for over half of all traffic accidents? However, what if we gave drivers who adhere to those guidelines rewards? It might significantly impact the number of accidents brought on by careless driving. To improve our understanding of how people drive, researchers are also examining how data from automobile cameras may be used. However, the amount of data we collect makes it more difficult to use data science and artificial intelligence to examine it all. In this article, we discuss how we're creating tools to support that analysis and how we might use the data to comprehend the factors that affect people's driving behaviors. We are essentially developing a system that receives video from automobile cameras, interprets it, and then assists us in determining which types of driving pose a risk. To be able to identify dangerous drivers could significantly contribute to making our roads safer for everyone, as driving behavior plays a major role in the majority of crashes. Therefore, improving our understanding of driving behavior could have a revolutionary impact on road safety and the reduction of fatalities and accidents.

Analisis Jumlah Kecelakaan Lalu Lintas, Korban, dan kerugian di Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2021 Dengan Metode K-Means Cluster

Abstract: Provinsi Lampung is facing a serious challenge regarding the high rate of traffic accidents, triggered by the increasing number of vehicles and inadequate infrastructure. Low awareness of traffic regulations also serves as a major cause of accidents. This research employs the Cluster Analysis method within the Geographic Information System (GIS) to categorize traffic accident data in Lampung Province for the year 2021. The data encompasses the number of accidents, fatalities, serious injuries, minor injuries, and financial losses across 14 districts/cities. The cluster analysis results identify two main groups with distinct characteristics. The first cluster exhibits a low accident rate, while the second cluster shows a high accident rate, contributing significantly to the total number of accidents, fatalities, serious injuries, minor injuries, and financial losses. Recommendations for interventions are tailored to the characteristics of each cluster, emphasizing either fatal injury prevention or road infrastructure improvements. The findings of this research provide a foundation for designing more effective strategies to reduce accident risks and enhance traffic safety in Lampung Province Keywords: K-means, Accidents, Lampung Province

Forensic Assessment of Alcohol Intoxication in Cases of Fatal Road Traffic Accidents in Lithuania.

There is strong evidence that alcohol consumption is a significant risk factor for fatal road traffic accidents. It is estimated that the number of alcohol-related road accidents remains high in the past few years in Lithuania. This study aims to examine the prevalence of alcohol in blood samples collected from the autopsy results of road traffic accident victims. A retrospective study of 136 road traffic accident victims was performed in State Forensic Medicine Service of Lithuania in the period of 2013 to 2023. We analyzed blood alcohol concentration (BAC) in relation to sex, age, road user type, place and time of the day at death. 31% of the victims were under influence of alcohol at the time of death, with mean BAC 1.99 ± 0.92‰. The mean BAC was 2.16 ± 0.8‰ in male and 1.18 ± 1.12‰ in female group. By the type of road users, 23% of the pedestrians (mean BAC 2.45 ± 0.71‰), 32% of car drivers (mean BAC 2.13 ± 0.75‰), 41% of vehicle passengers (mean BAC of 1.73 ± 1.19‰), 37% of the motorcycle riders (mean BAC of 1.28 ± 0.53‰), 37% of the cyclists (mean BAC of 1.15 ± 0.75‰) were found to be intoxicated during the time of accident. Highest mean blood alcohol concentration was found during the night time hours (9 p. m. - 5 a. m.) 2.28 ± 0.91, comparing to in afternoon hours (12 p. m. - 5 p. m.) 1.49 ± 0.99, evening hours (5 p. m. - 9 p. m.) 2.10 ± 0.73 and morning hours (5 a. m. - 12 p. m.) 1.94 ± 1.00. The mean BAC in road traffic accidents during summer was 1.48 ± 0.71‰, spring 2.25 ± 0.76‰, autumn 2.12 ± 1‰, winter 2.42 ± 1‰. Alcohol consumption by road users is a significant contributing factor in road traffic accidents and their outcomes in Lithuania.