Number Of Inbound Tourists Research Articles

Spatial Pattern Evolution and Influencing Factors of Foreign Star-Rated Hotels in Chinese Cities

Spatial distribution is a critical factor influencing the success or failure of hotel management. This study examines the spatial distribution patterns of foreign star-rated hotels in China from 2000 to 2015 based on 27 typical city cases, using global and local spatial autocorrelation methods within GIS spatial analysis. The research explores the evolution of these patterns, analyzes key characteristics, and combines these insights with a stepwise regression method. Pearson correlation analysis is used to identify factors that influence the evolution of the spatial pattern. This study reveals that, first, the Z-value of global spatial autocorrelation of foreign star-rated hotels in China decreases from 2.38 to 1.63, indicating that the spatial distribution of foreign star-rated hotels in China has shifted from imbalanced to balanced, transitioning from economically developed regions such as areas with overseas Chinese populations, provincial capitals, and municipalities directly under central government control, toward tourist cities. Second, star-rated hotels hold a critical position within the spatial pattern, highlighting their central role in shaping the hospitality landscape. Third, the spatial distribution of foreign star-rated hotels is primarily influenced by the number of inbound tourists, followed by the presence of scenic spots rated 4A and above. The influence of other factors is found to be less significant. Fourth, the correlation coefficient between tourism demand and foreign star-rated hotels increased by 0.004, whereas the correlation coefficient between tourism supply and foreign star-rated hotels decreased by 0.036, indicating that market factors are playing an increasingly important role in shaping the evolution of foreign star-rated hotels in China, reflecting broader market dynamics. This study provides practical guidance for local Chinese hotels facing competition from foreign-funded establishments and offers theoretical insight into the strategic implementation of transnational operations. It points out the expansion direction of local Chinese hotels across different developmental stages.

Research on Coupling Coordination of China’s Urban Resilience and Tourism Economy—Taking Yangtze River Delta City Cluster as an Example

Urban resilience provides the foundation and guarantee for the tourism economy, and the development of the tourism industry provides new opportunities and impetus for urban resilience. The coordinated development of urban resilience (UR) and the tourism economy (TE) contributes to the high-quality development of the regional economy. This study takes 27 cities in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) urban agglomeration as an example. Various analytical techniques, including the entropy method, coupling coordination degree model (CCDM), kernel density estimation, Theil index, and obstacle degree model, are employed to investigate the spatiotemporal evolution patterns and influencing factors that affect the coupling coordination degree (CCD) between UR and TE. The findings indicate that: (1) The urban resilience and tourism economy exhibited an increasing trend denoted by “N” and “M”, respectively. (2) The coupling coordination level has undergone a development phase of “Moderate disorder–Bare coordination–Moderate disorder”. (3) The level of coordination has been enhanced, with intra-regional differences identified as the primary source of variation. (4) The number of Internet users, the number of students in institutions of higher learning, per capita public financial expenditure, science and technology expenditures as a share of fiscal expenditures, urban per capita disposable income, foreign exchange earnings from tourism, and the number of inbound tourists is the main factors affecting the CCD of urban resilience and tourism economy.

The role of social media data analytics in rural tourism market trend forecasting

Abstract The rapid development of social media provides new means for market trend and quotation prediction. This paper realizes market trend prediction by performing TF-IDF keyword extraction and vectorization on social media data, improving the deep typical correlation analysis to realize semantic mining, and constructing a consumer intention mining method based on social media data. The rural tourism market trend prediction for Haikou City, Hainan Province, China focuses on examining the number of tourists and the economic income of rural tourism. The future number of inbound tourists and the total number of tourists in Haikou City will still show an upward trend overall, with the total number of tourists predicted to reach 73,641,100 in 2028. With the continuous development of rural tourism, the tourism economy of Haikou City reaches 67.068 billion in 2022, an increase of 259.67% from 2008, and is predicted to double in 2027, and is expected to reach 148.282 billion in 2028. The number of overseas tourists and foreign exchange earnings from rural tourism will continue to increase.

Forecasting Number of Inbound Tourists in India Adopting ARIMA Model

This study focuses on estimating the occurrence of inbound tourists in India using univariate time series econometrics, the ARIMA model in particular. The tourism industry plays a significant role in India's economy, making accurate forecasts essential for effective planning and decision-making. The ARIMA model is known for its ability to analyze time series data, making it an appropriate tool for predicting future tourist arrivals. Data from previous years of inbound tourist arrivals in India, including factors such as historical trends, seasonality, and economic conditions, is utilized form world bank open data. The ARIMA model will be employed to capture the patterns and correlations within the data, enabling the prediction of future tourist numbers accurately. By adopting this forecasting model, policymakers, tourism authorities, and industry stakeholders can make informed decisions regarding infrastructure development, resource allocation, marketing strategies, and policy formulations. This research aims to contribute to the tourism sector by providing reliable insights into the future trends of inbound tourism in India, facilitating sustainable growth and development in the industry.

A New Approach to Extracting Tourism Focus Points from Chinese Inbound Tourist Reviews after COVID-19

The number of inbound tourists in Japan has been increasing steadily in recent years. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of inbound tourists decreased in 2020. This is particularly worrisome for Japan, as the number of inbound tourists is expected to reach 60 million per year by 2030. In order to help Japan’s tourism industry to recover from the pandemic, we propose a method of identifying elements that attract the attention of inbound tourists (focus points) by analyzing reviews on tourist sites. We focus on Hokkaido, a popular area in Japan for tourists from China. Our proposed method extracts high-frequency n-gram patterns from reviews written by Chinese inbound tourists, showing which aspects are mentioned most often. We then use seven types of motivational factors for tourists and principal component analysis to quantify the focus points of each tourist destination. Finally, we estimate the focus points by clustering the n-gram patterns extracted from the tourists’ reviews. The results show that our method successfully identifies the features and focus points of each tourist spot.

POST-COVID-19 TRAVEL: FACTORS INFLUENCING MALAYSIAN TOURISTS' TRAVEL INTENTION TO VISIT JAPAN

Japan is one of the popular tourist destinations. In 2019, more than 31 million inbound tourists visited Japan, and more than 500 thousand were from Malaysia. This number ranks ninth place in the world in terms of the number of inbound tourists for Japan. Therefore, Malaysian tourist is an important segment of the Japanese tourism industry. In addition, the Japanese government has identified the tourism industry as a pillar of the Japanese growth strategy and set a goal of increasing the number of inbound tourists to 40 million by 2020 and 60 million by 2030. To achieve this goal, factors influencing Malaysian tourists traveling intention to visit Japan should be clarified, and utilize the results for effective and efficient development of the Japanese inbound tourism industry. However, no previous study researched Malaysian tourists' intentions to visit Japan, so this research studies this area. Thus, this research studied Malaysian tourists living in Greater KL by utilizing the theory of planned behavior and the push-pull factors theory. The examined factors are personal attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and tourism resources. This research adopted the quantitative research method and collected a total number of 359 valid respondents, then analyzed relationships between the factors and Malaysian tourists' traveling intention to visit Japan based on the collected data. As a result, the researcher found that all mentioned factors positively correlate with Malaysian tourists' intention to visit Japan.

Study on the Evolution of the Temporal and Spatial Structure of Inbound Tourist Market in Shaanxi Province

Based on the number of inbound tourists in Shaanxi Province from 2009 to 2019, this paper selects 18 tourist markets as samples, and analyzes the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of inbound tourist markets in Shaanxi Province from the perspectives of time and space by using the research methods of market share and interannual change index. The results show that the number of inbound tourists in Shaanxi Province is increasing year by year. The interannual change index of inbound tourists decreases year by year, and the inbound tourism market tends to be stable gradually; The spatial structure of inbound tourist market in Shaanxi province presents an "M" shape, which tends to be stable gradually. In the tourist market of Shaanxi Province from 2009 to 2018, except for Hong Kong, Macao and Russia, Japan and Indonesia changed from a strong pro-landscape market to a weak pro-landscape market; Thailand and Malaysia have changed from a weak pro-scenic market to a strong pro-scenic market, and the pro-scenic degree of other tourist markets has not increased or decreased much. Finally, according to the current situation of inbound tourist market in Shaanxi Province, this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures to improve it.

Symmetric and asymmetric frequency-domain causality between tourism demand and exchange rates in Türkiye: a regional comparison

PurposeThis study investigates if the causal relationships between the exchange rates and selected inbound markets’ tourism demand are temporary or permanent, and compares market reactions in Türkiye.Design/methodology/approachTourism demand is examined with a regional approach, focusing on the geographical markets, namely Europe, Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) members and Asian countries, as the top inbound tourism markets, in addition to the total number of inbound tourists to Türkiye. Granger, frequency-domain causality, asymmetric Toda–Yamamoto, and asymmetric frequency-domain causality tests were employed to investigate and compare markets on exchange rate–tourism demand relationship for 2008M01-2020M02.FindingsThe results indicate that exchange rates affect European tourism demand both in the short and long run. The meaning of this Frequency Domain Causality (FDC) analysis finding shows that the exchange rate has both permanent and temporary effects on European tourists. The relationships are statistically insignificant for CIS members and Asian countries. The exchange rates also permanently affect total inbound tourism demand, but the independent variable has no short-run (temporary) effects on total demand. Asymmetric causality tests confirmed a permanent causality relationship from the positive and negative components of exchange rates to the positive and negative components of European and total tourism demand.Originality/valueThe Granger causality test provides information on the presence of a causal relation, while the FDC test, an extended version of Granger causality, enlightens the short- (temporary) and long-run (permanent) relationships and allows for analyzing the duration of the impact. In addition, asymmetric causality relationships are also investigated in the study. Besides, this study is the first in the literature to examine the relationship between tourism demand and the exchange rate regionally (continentally) for Türkiye.

The Impact of Covid-19 on the Society

The coronavirus pandemic, which began in 2019, has caused untold losses. The new coronavirus can be transmitted by aerosol, contact, etc., making it highly infectious. More than 500 million cases have been reported worldwide so far. In addition to the symptoms of the disease itself, such as dyspnea, isolation due to the spread of the virus has a negative impact on the physical and mental health of most people and the global economy. Surveys and studies have shown that during the epidemic, more than 50% of enterprises experienced a drop-in revenue of more than 20%. Only 9.96% of businesses can continue to operate with the number of consumers drastically reduced. Among them, the loss of tourism and transportation industry may be the most serious. Data released by the China Tourism Academy showed that the number of inbound tourists and international tourism revenue fell by 34.7 percent and 40.6 percent, respectively, down about US$50.32 million and US$53.4 billion from last year. This article mainly discusses the economic damage caused by Covid-19. and its impact on the environment. The psychological impact of epidemic isolation on the population is briefly accepted, and the relevant treatment methods are briefly described at the end.

The impact of air quality on China's inbound tourism based on the heterogeneity of tourists' risk perception

AbstractThis study employs a panel econometric model to assess and examine the relationship between inbound tourism to China and air quality, using data on air quality and inbound tourism at the provincial level in China from 2013 to 2017. It also considers how travelers perceive risk. According to the findings, there has been an increase in foreign tourists visiting China since 2013. However, the air quality index's representation of domestic air quality is not encouraging. Our studies using the fixed effect model demonstrate that domestic air quality has a considerable beneficial impact on the number of inbound tourists, which is still strong when utilizing the mixed effect and random effect models; in comparison to northern China, the impact of air quality in southern China is more clear. Our studies demonstrate that the ongoing decline in China's inbound tourism scale in recent years is strongly correlated with the quality of the country's air, which is influenced by each visitor's personal preferences. In order to improve China's reputation in the global tourism market, the report concludes by outlining solutions to address this impact. These methods include maintaining the promotion of environmental governance while also tightly integrating tourism marketing.

Development Under Belt and Road Initiative: Gains for Tourism Industry in Participant Countries

ABSTRACT BRI is a mega-development project covering 140 countries in three continents; Asia, Africa, and Europe. The political and economic dimensions of BRI have been studied in several studies in the literature, but the effect on tourism has been less explored. Tourism development has been linked with sustainable development goals due to its substantial economic potential. A panel dataset of 151 countries from 2000–2019 is used to analyze the effect of participation in BRI on the tourism industry. The PSM-DID model is used after testing the validity through the event-study approach. The robustness of the estimates was tested through counterfactual evidence and a placebo test. The findings show that participation in BRI has increased the number of inbound tourists by 18.4% and tourism revenues by 7%. BRI proved relatively more beneficial for the tourism industry of South Asian, Western Asian, and Middle Eastern countries. The regional difference can be attributed to tourist attraction spots, entry regulations for foreigners, the service quality of the tourism industry, and support facilities offered to tourists. The cooperation among the countries should be increased to facilitate tourists. Tourism companies can use these findings to improve their selection of target markets and future development plans.

Calculation of Tourism Development Income Index Based on Finite Element Ordinary Differential Mathematical Equation

Using finite element ordinary differential mathematical equations to analyze the relationship between the number of inbound tourists in my country's tourism industry, the number of domestic tourists, and the total tourism income, time and per capita national income. Significant positive correlation. When the per capita national income increases by 1 U.S. dollar, the number of inbound tourists will increase by 102.18 million, the number of domestic tourists will increase by 715.95 million, and the total tourism revenue will increase by 693.8 million yuan. It is predicted that by 2022, the number of inbound tourists will be close to 1 billion. The number of domestic tourists has exceeded 1.2 billion, and the total tourism revenue will exceed 2 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 9.10%, 6.51% and 11.16% respectively. This paper uese the novel data mining models to construct the efficient analytic model for the prediction analysis. The experimental results have proven efficiency.

Assessing the Impact of Air Pollution on Inbound Tourism along the Yangtze River across Space and Time.

The prevalent air pollution along the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) possesses a significant threat to the natural environment, which further affects nearby tourism destination development. The paper seeks to assess the impact of air pollution on tourism in this region through a 2002–2012 panel data of 31 prefecture-level cities, along with geographic information system (GIS) and cluster analyses. The results reveal that air pollution is negatively associated with the number of inbound tourists along the YREB. In general, when air pollution intensifies by 1%, the number of inbound tourists decreases by 1.171%. This impact is more evident when air pollution is more severe, in the long term, and in areas that are larger, more central, and with more tourism resources. The paper contributes to the literature by addressing common limitations in previous studies and providing a more comprehensive evaluation of air pollution’s impact on inbound tourism in the YREB. Practical implications regarding public policies and development directions based on air pollution periods, regions, and tourism resource allocations are provided.

지정학적 위험이 관광수요에 미치는 영향 분석

This paper analyzes the effect of geopolitical risk on tourism demand using panel data of 14 countries with geopolitical risk index (GPR) from 1997 to 2019. We use the CS-ARDL (Cross-sectionally Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lags Model) estimation method considering the cross-sectional dependence and slope coefficient heterogeneity of panel data to analyze the dynamic characteristics of long-term and short-term effects of tourism demand.BR The results of analysis are as follows. The effects of geopolitical risk index (GPR) and income on the number of inbound tourists are positive (+) and statistically significant, whereas the effects of exchange rate and pandemic on the number of inbound tourist are negative (-) and statistically significant.BR Most inbound tourists prefer to visit countries with social, economic and political security, which means that the mitigation of geopolitical risks can positively contribute to tourism demand. Therefore, it is required to establish policies to mitigating the negative impact that geopolitical risks can have on tourism demand.

Sightseeing spot satisfaction of inbound tourists: comparative analysis of first-time visitors and repeat visitors in Japan

PurposeThis study aims to enhance knowledge on marketing strategies to increase repeat visitors. Furthermore, the authors suggest using appropriate destination information tailored to first-time visitors and repeat visitors as social capital.Design/methodology/approachThis study compares the differences in satisfaction between first-time foreign tourists and those repeat visiting. The authors apply a theoretical framework based on optimal distinctiveness theory (ODT) and consumer knowledge to determine which actions maximize the satisfaction of each group. Then, the relationships among assimilation desire, differentiation desire and satisfaction are quantitatively analyzed.FindingsThe results show the difference in the relationship between assimilation and travel satisfaction for first-time visitors and repeat visitors. First-time visitors are satisfied with popular sightseeing spots with higher assimilation level, whereas repeat visitors are satisfied with moderately unpopular sightseeing spots with lower assimilation level. The results clarify that information reflecting only the popularity of destinations is significantly effective for first-time visitors, but unsuitable for repeat visitors. Therefore, it would be possible to propose to repeat visitors a combination of “moderately differentiated” destinations.Originality/valueThe first contribution is that on the basis of Brewer (1991), the quantitative analysis confirmed that the social identity of an individual changes from assimilation to differentiation with the accumulation of experience until the optimal point is found. The second contribution is that we combined several fields such as ODT (Brewer, 1991), familiarity (Alba and Hutchinson, 1987), trial/repeat behavior (Iyengar et al., 2015) and reference groups (Peter & Olson, 2010). The third contribution is that the authors proposed marketing strategies on the basis of the empirical analysis to increase the number of inbound tourists.

Research on the Influence Mechanism of Overseas Education on the Efficiency of Inbound Tourism

Under the influence of the epidemic and the downturn of international trade, how to make better use of the policy advantages of the "the Belt and Road" to attract overseas students to China, so as to promote the efficiency of inbound tourism trade is an important topic that deserves attention at present. This paper uses the panel data of the number of inbound tourists to China from 2009 to 2018 to measure the efficiency of inbound tourism trade. The study found that every 1% increase in the size of international students will increase the efficiency of inbound tourism trade by 0.5704 percentage points. At the same time, international students are divided into two categories: government scholarships and fees for further analysis and research. Therefore, this paper believes that in order to improve the efficiency of inbound tourism trade, we should steadily expand the scale of foreign students in China and optimize the education system of foreign students.

A preliminary study of impressions of Japanese food photos for tourism promotion

The number of inbound tourists had been increasing year on year but has decreased dramatically due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 in Japan. Therefore, to recover the number of inbound tourists and attract new inbound tourists when this pandemic is over, it will be necessary to conduct online promotions to motivate tourism. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of images that promote tourism motivation on social networking services and websites. An experiment to evaluate impressions of the composition of Japanese food photographs was conducted. Twenty-six different photographic compositions were prepared for five Japanese dishes. The degree of change in the study subjects’ cerebral blood flow was analyzed. The change in cerebral blood flow was found to be greater for photos taken directly from above or at an angle of 45 degrees than for photos taken from the side of any of the dishes. In addition, it was found that the change in cerebral blood flow was greater for photos that focus on the food and do not show whole plates or bowls rather than showing entire plates or bowls of food.

Statistical Study on the Impact of the New Crown Epidemic on the Supply and Demand Market of Macau Hotel Industry

This paper conducts a systematic study of the market development of the hotel industry in Macau under the influence of the epidemic, and statistically analyzes the changes in supply, demand and prices of the hotel industry from 2020 to 2022. It is found that despite the severe decline in the number of inbound tourists to Macau due to the epidemic, the hotel industry in Macau has maintained a relatively stable situation, as evidenced by a small increase in the number of hotel and room operations and an occupancy rate that basically remains at the only major decline was in hotel prices. By analyzing the reasons for the changes in the Macau hotel market in various aspects, a supply and demand equilibrium structure of the Macau hotel market is constructed based on the price equilibrium theory, which can provide a reference for the rapid recovery of the hotel economy in various regions in the post-epidemic era.

DETERMINING EFFICIENCY OF TOURISM SECTOR IN CERTAIN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES AND REGIONS BY APPLYING DEA ANALYSIS

Abstract: The paper presents research results of efficiency of tourism sector in certain European countries and regions obtained by applying DEA method. The primary goal of the paper is to determine to what extent tourism sector in certain European countries and regions is efficient in relation to set parameters, while the secondary goal is aimed at providing recommendations for its improvement. In relation to this, the methodology of the DEA analysis is based on the input and output parameters which were used to determine the efficiency. The input parameters included: number of hotels and similar accommodation capacities, number of rooms and number of bed places, whereas the output parameters included: number of inbound tourists, number of bed-nights and tourism expenditure during their stay abroad. One of the conclusions of the paper is that the total efficiency was shown in Croatia, Belgium, and Denmark, while the technical efficiency was also present in North Macedonia, France, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain.

The Post Pandemic Revitalization Plan for the Medical Tourism Sector in South Korea: A Brief Review.

The significant impacts of recent infectious diseases (MERS, COVID-19) demand fundamental changes and alternatives in different markets, such as tourism and the medical tourism industry. In this study, we aimed to have a historical investigation on how infectious diseases have affected the tourism industry in Korea, to reach practical implications for managing the medical tourism sector. The impact of global infectious diseases, including MERS, and COVID-19, on the tourism industry was studied in South Korea. First, the available information was collected to clarify how these two outbreaks have impacted the tourism market in South Korea, and then the government’s countermeasures were studied. Investigating among the policies resulted in practical implications for the post-pandemic revitalizing plan for the medical tourism market. The infectious outbreak caused a significant decrease in the number of inbound tourists to South Korea, moreover, the crisis response system of the government has been useful so far. Hence, several practical implications can be achieved for the medical tourism market. A framework is suggested which involves 5 stages of strategies to revitalize medical tourism market. It presents remedies to revitalize the medical tourism industry and to enter the global market again. Korea’s quarantine model, which succeeded in preventing COVID-19, can be a preemptive response to another pandemic in the future. The medical tourism industry policy based on Korea’s quarantine model will contribute to the revitalization of the international medical tourism industry after COVID-19.