Number Of Brushes Research Articles

Improved oral hygiene care is associated with decreased risk of occurrence for atrial fibrillation and heart failure: A nationwide population-based cohort study.

Poor oral hygiene can provoke transient bacteremia and systemic inflammation, a mediator of atrial fibrillation and heart failure. This study aims to investigate association of oral hygiene indicators with atrial fibrillation and heart failure risk in Korea. We included 161,286 subjects from the National Health Insurance System-Health Screening Cohort who had no missing data for demographics, past history, or laboratory findings. They had no history of atrial fibrillation, heart failure, or cardiac valvular diseases. For oral hygiene indicators, presence of periodontal disease, number of tooth brushings, any reasons of dental visit, professional dental cleaning, and number of missing teeth were investigated. During median follow-up of 10.5 years, 4911 (3.0%) cases of atrial fibrillation and 7971 (4.9%) cases of heart failure occurred. In multivariate analysis after adjusting age, sex, socioeconomic status, regular exercise, alcohol consumption, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, current smoking, renal disease, history of cancer, systolic blood pressure, blood and urine laboratory findings, frequent tooth brushing (≥3 times/day) was significantly associated with attenuated risk of atrial fibrillation (hazard ratio: 0.90, 95% confidence interval (0.83-0.98)) and heart failure (0.88, (0.82-0.94)). Professional dental cleaning was negatively (0.93, (0.88-0.99)), while number of missing teeth ≥22 was positively (1.32, (1.11-1.56)) associated with risk of heart failure. Improved oral hygiene care was associated with decreased risk of atrial fibrillation and heart failure. Healthier oral hygiene by frequent tooth brushing and professional dental cleaning may reduce risk of atrial fibrillation and heart failure.

Better oral hygiene is associated with lower risk of stroke.

Periodontal disease or poor oral hygiene may lead to local infection, inflammation, and systemic inflammatory reactions, which are important mediators of development of stroke. We aimed to investigate the association of oral hygiene with risk of stroke in a nationwide population-based cohort. From Korean National Health Insurance System-Health Screening Cohort, 206,602 participants without missing data regarding demographic information, medical history, or blood/urine examination results were included. The presence of periodontal disease and indicators of oral hygiene, such as number of tooth brushings, dental visit history, dental scaling, and number of teeth loss and dental caries were evaluated. Occurrence of stroke including cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage was defined as newly registration of International Classification of Diseases-10 codes from I60 to I64 accompanying brain CT and/or MR examination at that time of diagnosis. The 7337 (3.6%) cases of stroke including 5795 (79.0%) cases of cerebral infarction, 1568 (21.4%) cases of cerebral hemorrhage, and 621 (8.5%) cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage occurred during a median 10.4 years follow-up. In multivariable analysis, frequent tooth brushing (≥3 times per day) was negatively associated with risk of stroke occurrence (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73-0.84). Number of dental caries (≥4) was positively related to stroke occurrence (HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.13-1.44). Regular oral hygiene behavior was negatively, and infrequent oral hygiene care was positively associated with risk of occurrence for stroke, respectively. Brushing one's teeth three or more times daily may be associated with lower risk of stroke.

Correlations between dental assistance/oral health and clinical intercurrences in an end-stage kidney disease patients: a historical cohort study.

The aim of this study was to correlate the self-report oral health, oral hygiene and dental assistance with clinic intercurrences with hospitalization in adults in End-Stage Kidney Disease patients. Seventy-seven patients were interviewed during dialysis therapy concerning their self-report oral health, oral hygiene habits and available dental assistance. Clinical intercurrences were assessed in clinical records. Pearson correlations and linear regression tests were applied for statistical analysis. There was a strong negative correlation between the number of brushing times/day and patient hospitalization; there was a negative correlation between oral health and patient hospitalization, there was a positive correlation between the number of teeth in the mouth and oral diseases. The study shows an important correlation between oral health, oral hygiene habits, dental assistance and clinical intercurrences with hospitalization in dialysis patients. The results are weighty to establish protocols that can, directly improve, critical health outcomes of end-stage kidney disease patients under dialysis treatment.

Tattooing and the Tattoo Number of Graphs

Consider a network D of pipes which have to be cleaned using some cleaning agents, called brushes, assigned to some vertices. The minimum number of brushes required for cleaning the network D is called its brush number. The tattooing of a simple connected directed graph D is a particular type of the cleaning in which an arc are coloured by the colour of the colour-brush transiting it and the tattoo number of D is a corresponding derivative of brush numbers in it. Tattooing along an out-arc of a vertex v may proceed if a minimum set of colour-brushes is allocated (primary colours) or combined with those which have arrived (including colour blends) together with mutation of permissible new colour blends, has cardinality greater than or equal to [Formula: see text].

Improved oral hygiene is associated with decreased risk of new-onset diabetes: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

Inflammation plays an important role in the development of diabetes, a major global health problem. Periodontal disease is also common in the general population. Because periodontal disease and poor oral hygiene can provoke transient bacteraemia and systemic inflammation, we hypothesised that periodontal disease and oral hygiene indicators would be associated with the occurrence of new-onset diabetes. In this study we analysed data collected between 2003 and 2006 on 188,013 subjects from the National Health Insurance System-Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HEALS) in Korea who had no missing data for demographics, past medical history, oral hygiene indicators or laboratory findings. The presence of periodontal disease was defined on the basis of a modified version of ICD-10 codes (Korean Classification of Disease, sixth edition), if claims for treatment for acute periodontitis (K052), chronic periodontitis (K053) and periodontosis (K054) were made more than two times by a dentist, or if, according to medical records, subjects received treatment by a dentist for periodontal disease with ICD-10 codes K052, K053 or K054. Oral hygiene behaviours (number of tooth brushings, a dental visit for any reason and professional dental cleaning) were collected as self-reported data of dental health check-ups. Number of missing teeth was ascertained by dentists during oral health examination. The incidence of new-onset diabetes was defined according to ICD-10 codes E10-E14. The criterial included at least one claim per year for both visiting an outpatient clinic and admission accompanying prescription records for any glucose-lowering agent, or was based on a fasting plasma glucose ≥7mmol/l from NHIS-HEALS. Of the included subjects, 17.5% had periodontal disease. After a median follow-up of 10.0years, diabetes developed in 31,545 (event rate: 16.1%, 95% CI 15.9%, 16.3%) subjects. In multivariable models, after adjusting for demographics, regular exercise, alcohol consumption, smoking status, vascular risk factors, history of malignancy and laboratory findings, the presence of periodontal disease (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.07, 1.12, p < 0.001) and number of missing teeth (≥15 teeth) remained positively associated with occurrence of new-onset diabetes (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.09, 1.33, p < 0.001, p for trend <0.001). Frequent tooth brushing (≥3 times/day) was negatively associated with occurrence of new-onset diabetes (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.89, 0.95, p < 0.001, p for trend <0.001). Frequent tooth brushing may be an attenuating factor and the presence of periodontal disease and an increased number of missing teeth may be augmenting factors for the occurrence of new-onset diabetes. Improving oral hygiene may be associated with a decreased risk of occurrence of new-onset diabetes.

The use of biologically active substances in the composition of organic fertilizers in the cultivation of tomatoes in greenhouses

The purpose of the research is to study the effect of biologically active substances in organic fertilizers on the productivity of tomato Sherami F1 in a winter greenhouse. The production experience was laid in a winter glazed greenhouse, which is located in the sixth light zone.The objects of research were cherry tomato plants Sherami F1, organic fertilizers 5AP, Maxifol Rutfarm, Nutrimir 4-4-10, Quick-Link. In the experiment, the average plant growth per week, the height of the plants, the number of leaves, the number of brushes collected and the average weight of the fetus, the chemical composition of the plants and yield were determined. The largest growth in a week and the tallest plants were obtained with Quick-Link; the most brushes collected and the largest fruits - when applying fertilizer 5AP. The use of organic fertilizers contributed to the better absorption of macronutrients by tomato plants from a nutrient solution: the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the leaves and fruits increased relative to the control. When using biologically active substances in organomineral fertilizers, tomato productivity increased by 1.1-2.7 kg/m2 compared to the control, and the biochemical composition of the fruits improved.

Periodontal status and dental behaviour of heart transplant recipients and healthy controls

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the periodontal status and dental behaviour of heart transplant recipients with systemically healthy controls.Material and Methods: Forty heart transplant recipients and 40 systemically healthy patients were included. A questionnaire was used to record demographic, systemic health and dental behaviour data, and the following clinical parameters were recorded: plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, gingival recession, and clinical attachment level.Results: Mean probing depth (p = .045), mean gingival recession (p = .016), mean clinical attachment level (p = .021) and mean plaque index scores (p = .001) were higher in heart transplant recipients than the systemically healthy group. However, bleeding on probing was similar in both groups (p > .05). Tooth brushing frequency and number of participants who used dental floss/interdental brush was lower in the heart transplant group.Conclusion: Considering the poor oral hygiene and high clinical periodontal parameters of heart transplant recipients, periodontal evaluation should be done regularly before and after transplantation. The patient’s daily oral hygiene regimens should be evaluated carefully in this evaluation session and modified based on their gingival health, manual skill and motivational levels. The importance of oral health and its effects on systemic health should also be explained to the transplant recipients in detail.

Technological conditions of abrasive tool operation

. An abrasive instrument with every day finds all greater application at implementation of operations from finish abrasive treatment of details of machines, cleaning of metallic and non-metal surfaces from paints and varnishes coverages, blight and contaminations. Polymeric-abrasive brushes in most cases apply in combination with the hand angular grinding machines of small power.The basic task of work are determinations of power charges and their distribution with the aim of minimization of heating of polymeric matrix and increase of part of energy, that is spent on the output of material that is subject to moving away.At determination of power charges the next indexes of power were taken into account, namely: power, that is passed from abrasive grain that gap-filling fiber, at a contact with the processed surface; power of destruction of surface that is processed; power of thermal losses of energy is at the friction of fiber at the surface of material that is processed. Taking into account the enumerated indexes of power the condition of balance of energy is made. It allowed to define an output-input of abrasive instrument ratio and set, what factors result in his increase. And also, to get dependence, that describes the general overfall of temperatures on that the fiber of brush is heated for all the time of her work.For determination of probability of faultless work of machines with polymeric-abrasive brushes a flow diagram that includes two criteria was made: probability of destruction of fiber from a tiredness and probability of destruction of fiber from the pin loading. The made chart was examined with authenticity of faultless work of instrument on each of these criteria. The decision of the system of probability of faultless work of brush is dependence, that allows to define tenure of employment of brush. Thus, possibility to expect the number of polymeric-abrasive brushes for providing of trouble-free implementation of works appears on a site or assembling area.An increase to the output-input ratio is provided by next indexes, namely, diminishing of specific heat capacity, mass of fiber and overfall of temperatures of fiber for one turn of brush. And also increase of amount of abrasive, border of durability and crossing of fiber and length of arc of contact.Determination of probability of faultless work of hand and portable machines with polymeric-abrasive brushes the resource of their work allows to determine.

The results of the tests of new tomato standard varieties in conditions of Republic of Dagestan

Ten standard varieties, differing in the length of the stem were chosen in breeding and collector's gene pool of tomato. The aim was to study the experience of morphological and biological indicators of data, as well as donors and economically valuable traits for their further use in breeding of tomato. When examining samples the special attention was paid to such factors as the length of main stem, number of leaves on the main stem, number of flowers in a third brush number of side stems, stem diameter at the base, the diameter of the stem above the third leaf. After three years of experiments in studying the morphological and biological indicators of standard tomato varieties prospective donors have been allocated: Torpedo, Gigantskaya Rosa, L20/11, Phonarik. These varieties characterize by a unique combination of agronomic characteristics and can be used as a parent form to obtain high-value hybrid.

Forcing brushes

We give short and simple proofs of the inequalities B(G)≤Z(L(G)) andZ(G)≤Z(L(G)) first established by Erzurumluoğlu, Meagher, and Pike, where G is a graph without isolated vertices, B(G) is the brushing number of G, Z(G) is the zero forcing number of G, and L(G) is the line graph of G.

PERIODONTAL DISEASE STATUS, KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, PRACTICE AND TREATMENT NEEDS OF PREGNANT WOMEN

Background: Periodontal disease is a prominent and important issue of public health, especially in pregnant women. The objective of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics; learn knowledge, attitudes, practice oral hygiene and assess the need for treatment of periodontal disease in pregnant women. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 210 pregnant women who visited the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Clinical examination and interview questions on knowledge, attitudes and practice of oral care for all subjects. Results: The incidence of gingivitis was 100%, with mild gingivitis of 4,3% and moderate gingivitis of 95.7%. There was a difference in incidence rates of gingivitis in the gestational period (p&lt;0.001). The incidence of periodontitis is 17.6% and there is no difference in gestational age (p&gt;0.05). The mean values of GI and BOP indices differed by gestation period (p&lt;0.05) and PD, OHI-S, PlI have statistically significant relationship with gestation period (p&gt;0.05). The incidence of periodontal disease is 80.5%; The percentage of pregnant women who abstain from brushing their teeth after birth is 61.4%. Prevalence of brushing once a day: 7.1%; Twice a day: 70.5% and 3 times daily: 22.4%; The mean values of GI, PD, BOP, OHI-S and PlI were inversely proportional to the number of brushing (p&lt;0.001). The rate of dental hygiene is just 3.3%; The rate of oral hygiene, dental plaque and plaque removal was 94,3%; The proportion of subjects required for intensive treatment is 2.4%. Conclusion: Periodontal disease, especially for pregnant women, is high. It is necessary to educate the knowledge, attitudes and practice of proper oral hygiene and to better meet the demand for periodontal disease treatment for pregnant women. Key words: Periodontal disease, pregnant women, knowledge, attitude, practice for oral hygiene, treatment needs

Brushing Number and Zero-Forcing Number of Graphs and Their Line Graphs

In this paper we compare the brushing number of a graph with the zero-forcing number of its line graph. We prove that the zero-forcing number of the line graph is an upper bound for the brushing number by constructing a brush configuration based on a zero-forcing set for the line graph. Using a similar construction, we also prove the conjecture that the zero-forcing number of a graph is no more than the zero-forcing number of its line graph; moreover we prove that the brushing number of a graph is no more than the brushing number of its line graph. All three bounds are shown to be tight.

Relationship between Oral Health Care and Happiness in Dental Hospital Patients

Background/Objectives: This study is to suggest the oral health promotion plan for the happy life by grasping the close relation between oral health care and happiness in dental hospital patients. Methods/Statistical analysis: The subjects of this study were selected as patients who came to some dental hospitals in Jeollabuk-do, Korea. The subjects were selected as the convenience sampling method and the purpose of the study was explained to the patient. Self-administered questionnaires were administered to subjects voluntarily participating in the study. The responses to the questionnaires were 359 respondents, excluding 19 who responded unfairly to the 378respondents. Findings: Overall happiness was 3.55 points. Among the items of euphoria, the feeling of happiness felt at home was the highest at 4.17 points. Secondly, the feeling of happiness felt when social life was good was 3.89 points. The next was the feeling of happiness when feeling healthy, and the feeling of happiness when feeling economical.The relationship between oral health care and overall happiness is as follows. Significant variables were the number of toothbrushes per day and oral health education. The overall happiness was higher when the number of brushings per day was more than 3 times. Overall oral well-being was high when they received oral health education. The explanatory power of the variables was 52.1.The overall happiness was higher with more intake of clean food and protection food, and the explanatory power of the variable was 55.0.Overall happiness was higher with more intake of Clean food and Protection food, and the explanatory power of the variable was 55.0. Improvements/Applications:Oral health education should be actively pursued so that the proper method and frequency of tooth brushing of Dental Hospital Patients, and the use of oral hygiene products.

CHANGES IN ORAL HYGIENE HABITS OVER A DECADE IN TURKEY

Ponte Academic JournalNov 2017, Volume 73, Issue 11 CHANGES IN ORAL HYGIENE HABITS OVER A DECADE IN TURKEYAuthor(s): Gulden Eres ,Ceren Su Akgun Demirtas, Ayca Dilara Yilmaz, Ilkim KaradagJ. Ponte - Nov 2017 - Volume 73 - Issue 11 doi: 10.21506/j.ponte.2017.11.34 Abstract:According to the 2014 Turkey Country Report, beauty and personal care recently achieved strong improvement. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the changes in the use of oral hygiene aids over a decade. The study population was randomly chosen from among patients aged 18-80 who were referred to the admission desk of our faculty of dentistry. In total, 662 patients (362 women) were interviewed face to face from 2003-2004 (first survey). The interview inquired about oral care habits at home, oral care product use and the education level of the participants. A similar interview was performed with 749 participants (411 women) from 2013-2014 (second survey), and an effort was made to include similar numbers of males and females with similar ages as in the first survey. The data from the first and second surveys were compared based on the participa ts� education level, and the results showed a significant difference in the use of manual and power toothbrushes in the second survey (p=0.001). Moreover, the number of participants brushing their teeth twice per day was significantly different from the number of those brushing less at both time points (p=0.001). The number of participants using dental floss once per day was lower than the number of those not flossing at both time points (p=0.003 and p=0.001). Additionally, a comparison of the numbers of subjects using mouthwash at the two time points revealed statistically significant differences (p=0.003, p=0.001, and p=0.007) among the three education levels, with higher use in the second survey. Finally, the frequency of toothbrush replacement was significantly different at both time points (p=0.004 and p=0.001) among the three types of education levels. Our results thus revealed inadequate progress concerning optimum oral hygiene practices. Download full text:Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution Username Password

Assessment of the correlations between nicotine dependence, exhaled carbon monoxide levels and oral hygiene status: an observational study.

Background and aimCigarette smoking has negative effects on general health, including oral health. The aim of our study was to assess the correlations between nicotine dependence, exhaled carbon monoxide levels and oral hygiene status.MethodsSmoker and non-smoker participants were enrolled in this observational study. The Fagerström test was used to classify nicotine dependences: low (score: 0–3), medium (score: 4–6) or high (score: 7–10). The oral hygiene status was classified according to the oral hygiene indices of plaque, calculus and gingival inflammation. Lastly, the exhaled carbon monoxide levels were measured with a MicroSmokelyzer (Bedfont Scientific Ltd., Kent, United Kingdom).ResultsSixty five participants (50 smokers in the study group and 15 non-smokers in the control group) were enrolled between 11th and 29th of January 2016. No statistical differences were observed between the study group and the control group in terms of age (mean age±SD 23.5±1.9 and 24.0±1.5, respectively) or gender (50% and 26.6%, respectively). A statistically significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in terms of plaque, (p=0.036), calculus (p=0.001) and gingival indices (p<0.001). A positive correlation was found between the exhaled levels of carbon monoxide and the general Fagerström score (r=0.97, p<0.001) or the Fagerström score in smokers (r=0.93, p<0.001); a negative correlation was observed between the exhaled carbon monoxide levels and the number of tooth brushings daily (r=−0.41, p=0.001). The plaque index was statistically significantly associated with the exhaled carbon monoxide levels (p=0.008), general Fagerström score (p=0.016) and number of tooth brushings daily (p<0.001). The calculus and gingival indices were statistically significantly associated with the exhaled carbon monoxide levels (p<0.001), general Fagerström score (p<0.001) and score in smoker participants (p=0.029 and p=0.001, respectively) as well as the number of tooth brushings daily (p<0.001).ConclusionOur study found a significant association between the plaque, calculus and gingival indices and smoking. Moreover, nicotine dependence was significantly associated with the number of daily tooth brushings and the gingival index.

Effect of High School Students’ Oral Health Behavior on the Subjective Oral Health

Objectives: Subjective oral health status is dependent on whether proper education and practice of the education. This study aims to investigate the effect of high school student entering adulthood on the subjective oral health. Methods/ Statistical Analysis: It was investigated by distributing a questionnaire to high school student living in Seoul and Gyeonggi province to research the effect of high school students’ oral health behavior on the subjective oral health. The data was collected from November 15, 2011 to November 28, 2011. The data was analyzed using SPSS software Version 20.0(SPSS20.0 or Windows, SPSS Ins, USA) P-value for the test is less than 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001. Findings: The result of this study shows that gum bleeding presents negative correlation with instruction on tooth brushing (r=-.173) and practice of brushing (r=-.466) suggesting that a group which did not receive instruction and practiced the brushing presents more gum bleeding(p<0.05). Oral health activities which have influence on subjective oral health include the instruction on tooth brushing (B=0.263, t=2.621, p<0.05) and practice of brushing (B=-0.757, t=-6.788, p<0.001) and they presented statistically significant difference and explanatory power of 28.7%. In regards to number of brushing per day, twice a day (48.8%) was presented to be the highest in this study which is different from studies by3 which suggest that three times a day were the highest Improvements: The development of program was required for continuing to proper tooth brushing instruction, and it is considered the ideal oral health preventive behavior to make oral health instruction that could change the perception and attitudes of trainees by causing a practical motive.

Game brush number

We study a two-person game based on the well-studied brushing process on graphs. Players Min and Max alternately place brushes on the vertices of a graph. When a vertex accumulates at least as many brushes as its degree, it sends one brush to each neighbor and is removed from the graph; this may in turn induce the removal of other vertices. The game ends once all vertices have been removed. Min seeks to minimize the number of brushes played during the game, while Max seeks to maximize it. When both players play optimally, the length of the game is the game brush number of the graph G, denoted bg(G).By considering strategies for both players and modeling the evolution of the game with differential equations, we provide an asymptotic value for the game brush number of the complete graph; namely, we show that bg(Kn)=(1+o(1))n2/e. Using a fractional version of the game, we couple the game brush numbers of complete graphs and the binomial random graph G(n,p). It is shown that for pn≫lnn asymptotically almost surely bg(G(n,p))=(1+o(1))pbg(Kn)=(1+o(1))pn2/e. Finally, we study the relationship between the game brush number and the (original) brush number.

On the Brush Number of the Cartesian Product of Tree with Path or Cycle

In this paper, we are interested in the brush number of a graph—a concept introduced by McKeil, Messinger, Nowakowski and Pralat. Our main aim in this paper is to study the brush number of the Cartesian product of a tree with a path, and a tree with a cycle. Based on an optimal cleaning process of a tree, we describe cleaning processes that give upper bounds to the brush number of $$T\times P_n$$ and $$T\times C_n$$ . We also show that these bounds are tight if T is a star, a double star and some generalisation of a star.

다문화가정 이주여성의 구강건강관련 삶의 질(OHIP-14) 관련요인

Objectives: This study aims to analyze the factors influencing on the oral health-related quality of life of migrant women in multicultural families. Methods: An interview survey was conducted through the general characteristics, oral health behaviors, and OHIPs(oral Health Impact Profiles) of 200 migrant women in multicultural families registered in multicultural family support center in Pohang. The survey was carried out from March 2 to 29, 2011. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 18.0 program. by frequency analysis, chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA, and hierarchical regression analysis. Results: Oral health promotion behavior showed statistically significant differences(p<0.01) in the number of tooth brushing and in those using oral health care supplementary device by each country. The oral health-related quality of life was significantly influenced by economic compensation, pregnancy, and the economic status of the native country(p<0.05). Conclusion: The nationwide oral health policy should be established for migrant women in multicultural family.

BRUSH NUMBERS OF CERTAIN MYCIELSKI GRAPHS

The concept of the brush number was introduced for a simple connected undi- rected graph G. The concept will be applied to the Mycielskian graph of a simple connected graph G to find the brush number in terms of an optimal orientation of G. We also apply the concept to a special family of directed graphs called, finite LinearJaco Graphs and describe a recursive formula for the brush number. Finally the concept is applied to the Mycielski Jaco graph in respect of an optimal orientation. Further to that, the concept of a brush centre of a simple connected graph is introduced. Because brushes themselves may be technology of kind, the technology in real world applications will normally be the subject of maintenance or calibration or virus vetting or alike. Therefore, finding a brush centre of a graph will allow for well located maintenance centres of the brushes prior to a next cycle of cleaning.