Northwest Siberia Research Articles

Prognosis of Oil Fringes in Gas Fields of the North-West Siberia: ABSTRACT

Prognosis of Oil Fringes in Gas Fields of the North-West Siberia: ABSTRACT

Morphology, stratigraphy and oxygen isotope composition of fossil glacier ice at Ledyanaya Gora, Northwest Siberia, Russia

Studies of the stratigraphy, sedimentology, structure and isotope composition of a buried massive ice body and its encompassing sediments at Ledyanaya Gora in northwestern Siberia demonstrate that the ice is relict glacier ice, probably emplaced during the Early Weichselian. Characteristics of this ice body should serve as a guide for the identification of other relict buried glacier ice bodies in permafrost regions.

The forest tundra expedition

The first Western mycological expedition to the forest tundra in the Arctic regions of Siberia, took place in the summer of 1992. We met in Moscow on the 16 of July. The members of the expedition were Dr Henning Knudsen from the Danish Natural History Museum, Mikako Sasa, Peer Corfixen and Henrik F Gotzsche from Denmark; Heikki Kotiranta, a Senior Research Scientist from the Finnish National Board of Waters and the Environment and myself (see below). Two Russians would be joining us later. After a short stroll through the streets of Moscow, we caught the evening train to Ekaterinburg. The journey from Moscow to Ekaterinburg (formerly Sverdlovsk) took 28 hours. The train crossed European Russia up to the Ural Mountains and beyond. It seemed an excellent opportunity to get a panoramic view of this country but, actually, you can see very little from a window of a passing train. Trees and more trees. A lot of forest. A few towns and villages, not too impressive. We crossed the mighty Volga river. More trees. The grasses along the railway are cut for hay. The travelling people we met in the corridors of the train and in the buffet all spoke nothing but Russian, a language that I do not understand. We also met old women who sold us peanuts, wild strawberries and other fruits whenever the train stopped at a station. On the second day, past midnight, we arrived at our destination: Ekaterinburg. After spending the rest of the night in a private flat, we had breakfast and met the leader of the expedition, Dr Viktor Mukhin, from the Institute of Animal and Plant Ecology. After a day of rest and a short stroll in the town and a banquet in the evening to celebrate our arrival (it may well be that the Russians don't have enough to eat, but there is no question that they have more then enough to feed their friends), we were driven to the airport where our helicopter was waiting. We climbed into the helicopter with our luggage, tents, enough foodstuff to last us for a month and off we buzzed into the air, northwards, to the tundra. Flying low, below the clouds, we trailed the Ural Mountains on our left and the vast expanses of the Taiga Forest on our right. Six hours of helicopter flight over pine, larch and birch. I have never seen so much forest in all my whole life. The forest was dotted from time to time with towns, villages or the occasional bald patch of fallen trees. Our destination at that time was Labitnangy, the capital of that part of the tundra, a fair sized town of wooden houses where the river Ob joins the bay of Obskaya, that opens into the Kara Sea of the Arctic Ocean. Labitnangy is the main town of North West Siberia just inside the Arctic Circle (66°6' east, 66°37' north). It is the logistic supply centre of several coal mining settlements, oil wells and refinery complexes further to the north. We unloaded our stuff from the helicopter and stored it in one of the houses that belong to the Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology. We then prepared ourselves for a banquet (this seems to be the custom anywhere in Russia). Here I had my first taste of fresh sturgeon

Tectonic Evolution of Northwest Siberia

The ancient Siberian continent was split from early Pangen in early Riphean. The newly formed continent drifted from the southern to the northern hemisphere, reaching high altitudes only in the Late Paleozoic. Up to the Early Carboniferous, a typical passive margin of the Atlantic type, prograding to the ocean, developed along the present northern and eastern boundaries of this continent. In Upper Paleozoic, Triassic, and Jurassic, the carbonate sedimentation was replaced by the accumulation of thick terrigenous complexes along the northern and southern margins. Large submarine plains were formed by the merging of fans, while eustatic lowering of the ocean level enlarged the source area of detrital material. Distal facies, with time, were moving into the ocean. Rifting, penetrating inside the continent, conditioned for formation of large sedimentary basins. The development of the Sukhanskaya syneclise is associated with Riphean rifting, and Vilyuiskaya with Upper Devonian rifting. In the Upper Mesozoic, the covergent boundaries of lithospheric plates existed along the northern and eastern boundaries of the Siberian continent. As a result of the final collision of the continental margin with blocks of different nature (microcontinents, island arcs, etc.) transported by the Kula plate, and with chukchi and north Taimyr arctic blocks,more » Verkhoyansk and Taimyr fold belts appeared in the Upper Cretaceous. They were over-thrusted on clastic wedges, putting into shape the present-day structure of foredeeps. In the paper, principal attention is devoted to peculiarities of structure and development of sedimentary basins, formation of oil-producing complexes, and structures favorable for accumulation of hydrocarbons. All these features are analyzed at the background of this plate tectonic scenario.« less

An experiment in compiling a review map of anthropogenic degradation of the high‐latitude areas of Russia

Abstract The ecological‐geographical mapping of the high‐latitude areas of Russia that has been carried out was based on ranked evaluations of the physical degradation of the environment under the impact of man's activities. The ranking scale was constructed using a matrix that took into account various types of anthropogenic stresses. This approach allowed us to present with an adequate degree of contrast three major blocks: the severely degraded land areas of North European Russia; the lightly developed areas of the north of East Siberia and the Far East; and an intermediate zone in the north of West Siberia where development has occurred with nodal and linear concentrations.

The Origin of Regional Ecological Problems within the Northern Tyumen Oblast, Russia

The northwestern areas of the Western Siberia are subjected to intensive anthropogenic pressure, mainly by the oil and gas extraction industries, reindeer herding, hunting, and fishing. Localized activities, rather than regional-scale activities have led to the degradation of the natural environment on a regional scale. These processes include (1) transfer of pollutants by water and atmosphere; (2) expansion and merging of oil and gas development sites; (3) degradation of the key wildlife habitats (reproduction sites of fish, animals, birds, migration routes, etc.); and (4) more intensive use of remaining pastures and hunting areas by the indigenous population due to loss of large areas of pasture and hunting territories to the oil and gas industries. Analysis of the existing situation within northwest Siberia suggests that in the future, the situation will continue to worsen unless there is significant improvement in land-use management and technology of oil and gas industry. Degradation processes may also be exacerbated by global warming. Concurrently local changes themselves may lead to negative changes on the global scale.

Herd Following Reconsidered

Previous articleNext article No AccessDiscussion and CriticismHerd Following ReconsideredErnest S. Burch, Jr. and Otto BlehrErnest S. Burch, Jr. Search for more articles by this author and Otto Blehr Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Current Anthropology Volume 32, Number 4Aug. - Oct., 1991 Sponsored by the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/203980 Views: 7Total views on this site Citations: 19Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1991 The Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological ResearchPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:David G. Anderson, Loïc Harrault, Karen B. Milek, Bruce C. Forbes, Mari Kuoppamaa, Andreĭ V. Plekhanov Animal domestication in the high Arctic: Hunting and holding reindeer on the I͡Amal peninsula, northwest Siberia, Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 55 (Sep 2019): 101079.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2019.101079Jonathan C. Lothrop, Adrian L. Burke, Susan Winchell-Sweeney, Gilles Gauthier COUPLING LITHIC SOURCING WITH LEAST COST PATH ANALYSIS TO MODEL PALEOINDIAN PATHWAYS IN NORTHEASTERN NORTH AMERICA, American Antiquity 83, no.33 (Jun 2018): 462–484.https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2018.25Don H. Butler, Peter C. Dawson Untangling natural and anthropogenic multi-element signatures in archaeological soils at the Ikirahak site, Arctic Canada, Boreas 47, no.11 (May 2017): 189–201.https://doi.org/10.1111/bor.12258Dillon H. Carr A Landscape Approach to Reconstructing Territorial Mobility during the Parkhill Phase in Southern Michigan and Ontario, PaleoAmerica 3, no.44 (Oct 2017): 364–373.https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2017.1379824Zachary L. F. Singer Sub-Regional Patterning of Paleoindian Sites with Michaud-Neponset Points in New England and the Canadian Maritimes, PaleoAmerica 3, no.44 (Oct 2017): 337–350.https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2017.1381506David G. Anderson Comment, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 23, no.22 (May 2017): 396–397.https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9655.12612_2David G. Anderson, Jan Peter Laurens Loovers, Sara Asu Schroer, Robert P. Wishart Architectures of domestication: on emplacing human-animal relations in the North, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 23, no.22 (May 2017): 398–416.https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9655.12613_1David G. Anderson, Jan Peter Laurens Loovers, Sara Asu Schroer, Robert P. Wishart Architectures of domestication: on emplacing human-animal relations in the North, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 10 (Apr 2017).https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9655.12613Joan Brenner Coltrain, Justin Tackney, Dennis H. O'Rourke Thule whaling at Point Barrow, Alaska: The Nuvuk cemetery stable isotope and radiocarbon record, Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 9 (Oct 2016): 681–694.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2016.08.011Thomas J. Loebel, John M. Lambert, Matthew G. Hill Synthesis and Assessment of the Folsom Record in Illinois and Wisconsin, PaleoAmerica 2, no.22 (May 2016): 135–149.https://doi.org/10.1080/20555563.2016.1174922David G. Anderson, Evgenii M. Ineshin, Natalia V. Kulagina, Mika Lavento, Oksana P. Vinkovskaya Landscape Agency and Evenki-Iakut Reindeer Husbandry Along the Zhuia River, Eastern Siberia, Human Ecology 42, no.22 (Jan 2014): 249–266.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-013-9632-6John O'Shea, Ashley K. Lemke, Robert G. Reynolds “Nobody Knows the way of the Caribou”: Rangifer hunting at 45° North Latitude, Quaternary International 297 (May 2013): 36–44.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2013.01.010Igor Krupnik, Richard O. Stern Remembering Ernest S. “Tiger” Burch Jr., 17 April 1938 to 16 September 2010, Ethnohistory 59, no.11 (Jan 2012): 163–169.https://doi.org/10.1215/00141801-1435576Christopher Ellis Measuring Paleoindian range mobility and land-use in the Great Lakes/Northeast, Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 30, no.33 (Sep 2011): 385–401.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2011.05.001 In memoriam, Études/Inuit/Studies 34, no.22 (Jan 2010): 219.https://doi.org/10.7202/1004209arSandrine Costamagno, Meignen Liliane, Beauval Cédric, Vandermeersch Bernard, Maureille Bruno Les Pradelles (Marillac-le-Franc, France): A mousterian reindeer hunting camp?, Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 25, no.44 (Dec 2006): 466–484.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2006.03.008Fikret Berkes, Johan Colding, Carl Folke Social-ecological learning and adaptation, (Jan 2001): 187–188.https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511541957.012Anne Kendrick Caribou co-management in northern Canada: fostering multiple ways of knowing, (Jan 2001): 241–268.https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511541957.015Ann Sieveking The Continental Affiliations of Two Palaeolithic Engraved Bones Found in England, The Antiquaries Journal 72 (Apr 2011): 1–17.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003581500071158

Comparison of two morbilliviruses isolated from seals during outbreaks of distemper in North West Europe and Siberia

Recently morbilliviruses were isolated from harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in North West Europe (phocid distemper virus-1: PDV-1) and from Baikal seals (Phoca sibirica) in Siberia (phocid distemper virus-2: PDV-2) during outbreaks of severe disease which resembled distemper in dogs. PDV-1 and PDV-2 were passaged in SPF dogs, in which they caused distemper-like disease symptoms, and were subsequently passaged in Vero cells in which they caused cytopathic changes. PDV-1, PDV-2, and canine distemper virus (CDV) were compared with respect to their biological, morphological, physical, protein chemical, and antigenic properties. It was concluded that PDV-1 should be considered a newly recognized member of the genus Morbillivirus, whereas PDV-2 proved to be quite similar if not identical to CDV.

Isoprenoid alkanes with irregular “head-to-head” linkages

A lightly biodegraded crude oil from the Tolkinsk field (Upper Jurassic), situated in north-west Siberia, was found to contain a series of C28–C39 isoprenoid alkanes. Most of these components contain a pristane unit linked head-to-head with other isoprenoid units. The structures of these components were elucidated by mass spectral interpretations, comparisons with a synthesised standard and by reference to data published previously in the literature. These results extend the carbon number range, the variety of structural types, and the number of reported occurrences of these compounds in geological samples. These results provide further evidence for a contribution of bacterial cell-wall lipids to crude oils.

The origin and age of the “icy complex”; in the north of West Siberia

Abstract On the basis of detailed examinations of a seacliff exposure near the settlement of Seyakha on the east coast of Yamal Peninsula the authors conclude that this considerable thickness of ice‐rich sediments, enclosing massive syngenetic ice wedges, accumulated under estuarine conditions, i.e., conditions of periodically inundated salt marshes, rather than under alluvial/floodplain conditions as has been most commonly suggested elsewhere for this type of complex. Their conclusions are supported by a detailed analysis of the stratigraphy, radiocarbon dates on organic matter, and a thorough analysis of the diatoms in the sediments and their salinities. The sediments are thought to have accumulated (and the ice wedges to have formed) between 30,000 and 16,000 years B.P.

Improved types of piles for construction on permafrost soils in the north of West Siberia : Fedorovich, D I; Targulyan, Y G; Savelev, V S; Bashkirov, V M Soil Mech Found EngngV24, N5, Sept–Oct 1987, P171–176

Improved types of piles for construction on permafrost soils in the north of West Siberia : Fedorovich, D I; Targulyan, Y G; Savelev, V S; Bashkirov, V M Soil Mech Found EngngV24, N5, Sept–Oct 1987, P171–176

Causes of deformation of oil-gas industry structures in the north of West Siberia : Soil Mech Found EngngV24, N5, Sept–Oct 1987, P185–188

Causes of deformation of oil-gas industry structures in the north of West Siberia : Soil Mech Found EngngV24, N5, Sept–Oct 1987, P185–188

Hydrocarbon composition of naphthenic condensates of North West Siberia

4. A. B. KULIYEV, M. M. DZHAVADOV and B. A. ABUSHOVA, Zh. prikl, khimii 40, 1, 174, 1987 5. A. B. KULIYEV, M. M. DZHAVADOV, B. A. ABUSHOVA and O. A. MAMEDOV, Neftekhimiya 27, 4, 556, 1987 6. Organikum (Organic Intelligence), Vol. 2, p. 103, Mir, Moscow, 1979 7. A. W. HOFFMANN, Ber., 11,338, 1878 8. A. W. HOFFMANN and S. GABRIEL, ~Ber., 25, 1578, 1892 9. K. A. PETROV and L. N. ANDREYEV, Uspekhi khimii 28, I, 41, 1969 10. A. B. KULIYEV, T. Sh. GASANOVA, S. A. MAMEDOV and N. O. AKHADOV, Khimiya i tekhnologiya topliv i masel, I0, 27, 1987 11. A. M. KULIYEV, Khimiya i tekhnologiya prisadok k maslam i toplivam (Chemistry and Technology of Additives to Oils and Fuels), p. 107, Khimiya, Leningrad, 1985

Causes of deformation of oil-gas industry structures in the north of West Siberia

Causes of deformation of oil-gas industry structures in the north of West Siberia

Improved types of piles for construction on permafrost soils in the north of West Siberia

Improved types of piles for construction on permafrost soils in the north of West Siberia

Use of hydrojet technology for pile foundation construction in the North of West Siberia

1. Use of the hydrojet method of constructing foundations consisting of bored-drop (including widened bases), bored-driven, and bored-embedded piles is most effective under conditions of continuous vertical occurrence of permafrost soils.

Stratigraphic, palaeogeographic and evolutionary significance of late cretaceous and early tertiary normapolles pollen

Pollen grains referable to the Normapolles group first appeared during the Cenomanian. They diversified rapidly through the remainder of the Cretaceous and during the early Palaeogene, but by the end of the Eocene they were virtually extinct. They were most numerous in a province which extended from what is now West Siberia across Europe to eastern North America. The Western Interior of North America and West Siberia are considered to delimit the longitudinal boundaries of this province. These areas were submerged during the Late Cretaceous and formed physical barriers to wider dispersal of many Normapolles-producing plants. The Normapolles that have been reported from further afield comprise only minor elements of palynofloras except locally in a few areas where they are apparently relatively abundant. Such records do not invalidate the Siberian and American longitudinal limits but they do require that the concept of the province be altered somewhat to indicate region within which Normapolles are more consistently abundant than elsewhere. Climate must have been as significant an influence on the evolution of the parent plants as it appears to have been in determining the northern and southern boundaries of the province, however vaguely defined these are at present. Palynological analyses of core and cuttings samples from the U.K. continental shelf have helped to refine the northern limit to some extent. Until recently, published maps have included both Svalbard and Greenland in the Normapolles Province. Whilst possibly correct for some of the early Tertiary, Late Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian) strata in the Northern North Sea and west of the Shetland Islands have yielded Aquilapollenites, Wodehouseia and other taxa typical of the Aquilapollenites Province. The transition between the flora of this boreal region and the European part of the Normapolles Province, which is known to extend as far north as southern Sweden, would thus appear to lie approximately on the latitude of the central North Sea.

Oil and natural gas in north-west Siberia

In the five years or so since earlier articles on this subject appeared in the Polar Record, much has occurred. The present note, based on Soviet press and radio reports, 1963–68, aims to summarize the most important developments since that time in the region of the west Siberian plain. Administratively, the area under consideration falls largely within Tyumenskaya Oblast'.

Economic Development of the Siberian North

Outlines natural resources, industries, transport facilities, and development plans in northwest Siberia. Timber reserves estimated at 190,000 million bd ft, large oil and gas deposits, iron ore, etc are noted in the Ob basin as are coal, iron ore, water power, etc in the Yenisey basin. Industrial centers, utilizing cheap electric power are planned in the Angara-Yenisey region.

Catalog of human crania in the United States National Museum collections: Non-Eskimo people of the Northwest coast, Alaska, and Siberia

Catalog of human crania in the United States National Museum collections: Non-Eskimo people of the Northwest coast, Alaska, and Siberia