The paper highlights the key points of the issue’s main topic of the journal “Legal Concept” = “Pravovaya Paradigma” entitled “Three hundred years on guard for law and order: the history of the creation and prospects for the development of the Russian prosecutor’s office”. According to the author, the relevance of the issue’s main topic of is due to the definition of the place and role of the prosecutor’s office in the system of state control of the Russian Federation, a conceptual analysis of the legal essence of prosecutorial supervision and the need to improve its legal regulation. It is noted that the prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation acts not only as one of the key elements of the check-and-balance system of the authorities, but also as their significant integrator and coordinator to ensure the proper unity of the entire state power. Its normative nature, enshrined in the federal legislation, allows an uncompromising response to the law violations, which makes it a bulwark of the rule of law of the Russian state. The growth of the authority of the Russian prosecutor’s office and the effectiveness of its work is largely associated with the organization of management in the system of the prosecutor’s offices, the establishment of the prosecutor’s office’s place in the system of state-legal institutions, the functions performed and the effectiveness of prosecutorial response measures. An overview of the key issues that make up the content of the conducted research, characterizing its relevance, scientific novelty and theoretical and applied significance, is presented. The results obtained are aimed at improving the current legislation, eliminating existing legal conflicts and are aimed at increasing the effectiveness of prosecutorial supervision in modern Russia.