Normative Instruction Research Articles

MICROBIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF PACKAGED WATER – WITH ADDED SALTS – IN 20 L PET AND PP BOTTLES IN THE STATE OF CEARÁ (A CASE STUDY)

In this study, microbiological analyses were performed with the aim of researching the following microorganisms described in Normative Instruction No. 161 of ANVISA, Total Coliforms, E. coli, Pseudonomonas aeruginosas and Enterococcus spp in water added with salts packaged in PET and PP bottles with a capacity of 20 L. Under the same analysis conditions, the results for the PP bottles were unsatisfactory with 100% presence of Total Coliforms and Pseudonomonas aeruginosas, while in the 20-liter PET packaging all the results were satisfactory, that is, with the absence of all microorganisms of IN No. 161 of ANVISA.

The Challenge of Energy Efficiency in Social Housing: An Evaluation of Envelope's Improvements and their Economic Effects

Objective: This study aims to propose a combination of modifications to the envelope of a Social Housing (SH) project and evaluate their impacts on thermal load reduction and cost increase, staying within the budgetary constraints. Theoretical Framework: The Minha Casa Minha Vida Program (PMCMV) prioritizes architectural solutions focused on large-scale production and reduced unit costs, at the expense of environmental comfort and energy efficiency. However, efforts to raise the standards of habitability and quality of life are evident in the new 2023 program version and its regulations for new projects. Method: This case study assesses the envelope classification of an SH project applied to 20 sets of construction modifications and 4 deployment orientations, using the Inmetro Normative Instruction for Building Energy Efficiency (INI-R). Thermal load reduction and cost increment analysis will be performed. Results and Discussion: For each deployment orientation, the modifications that resulted in the greatest reduction in thermal load. This reduction ranged between 20% and 26.5% for the four orientations, with an additional cost ranging from 6% to 16%. Research Implications: Energy efficiency measures, even if they entail higher costs, may provide economic benefits during the operation and maintenance phases of the properties within PMCMV standards. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the dissemination of the simplified method of INI-R for envelope analysis in buildings and may influence improvements in public policies related to environmental quality in housing programs.

Proposal for the design of studies of intramammary antimicrobials to be conducted in Brazil for registration with the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock

Before being made available to the Brazilian market, all veterinary medicines must be registered with the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock after their efficacy, safety, and quality have been proven through clinical studies and scientific literature. Depending on the product class, the studies required by the regulatory authority must be carried out per Brazilian regulations and international reference guides. Some international organizations pursue the harmonization of these requirements, aiming at the mutual acceptance of studies conducted in different regions to facilitate international trade and reduce the use of animals in clinical research. Mastitis is one of the most prevalent and costly diseases in dairy cows, and it is associated with negative impacts on milk production and quality, cow welfare, and the profitability of the dairy industry. Normative Instruction No. 26/2009 determines a few rules for conducting studies for registering intramammary antimicrobials for cows with mastitis. However, the regulated sector and researchers report difficulties in following the recommendations of specific guidelines, which complement this regulation due to the peculiarities of Brazil’s production systems. This review article aims to provide subsidies and orientations that scientifically support the conduction and critical analysis of clinical studies proving the efficacy of intramammary products for treating clinical and subclinical mastitis in cows. Considering the need for scientific rigor in the studies, the recommendations available in international guidelines, and the need to adapt the protocols to the current situation of veterinary clinical research in Brazil, this document is intended to contribute to the internal harmonization of experimental protocols that support both the regulated sector and the regulatory authority.

PREOPERATIVE AND POSTOPERATIVE TOMOGRAPHIC ASPECTS OF CONDYLE FIXATION AND MANDIBULAR FRACTURE: AN INTEGRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW

Introduction: Computed tomography (CT) is crucial for the evaluation of mandibular fractures, especially in complex areas such as the condylar region. Its ability to provide detailed images in multiple planes has improved surgical planning and post-operative monitoring, offering precise information on the location and characteristics of fractures. Objective: This integrative review aims to analyze how tomographic aspects impact surgical planning and postoperative monitoring of condylar and mandibular fractures. The study discusses the advantages and limitations of tomographic techniques in order to understand how they influence the clinical outcome and rehabilitation of patients. Materials and Methods: An integrative literature review was carried out, without the need for submission to the Ethics Committee, in accordance with the guidelines of Normative Instruction No. 510/2016. The search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, and expanded with Google Scholar. Results and Discussion: The analysis revealed that cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides high-resolution three-dimensional images, which are essential for the accurate assessment of fractures, especially in complex anatomical areas such as the mandibular condyle. Conclusion: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an indispensable tool for the management of condyle and mandible fractures. Its use in preoperative and post-fixation monitoring facilitates detailed visualization of anatomical structures, improving the precision of surgical interventions and contributing to superior functional and aesthetic results.

GERENCIAMENTO DE RISCOS NO PLANEJAMENTO DAS LICITAÇÕES E CONTRATOS PÚBLICOS

Recent legislative changes in the area of public bidding and contracts, especially the guidelines implemented by Normative Instruction SEGES/MPDG Nº. 05/2017, established a new regime for contracting outsourced services in the Brazilian legal system. This new instrument aims to expand the dispute, in compliance with the principle of competitiveness, resulting in the expansion of the supplier market. IN Nº. 05/2017 establishes the rules and guidelines for the procedure for contracting services under the indirect execution regime within the scope of the Direct, autarchic and foundational Federal Public Administration. The regulation establishes innovative phases: Contracting Planning; Supplier Selection; and Contract Management. The Planning phase consists, according to the IN, of 3 stages: Preliminary Studies; Risk Management; and Terms of Reference or Basic Design. This paper aims to present a Risk Management Plan, developed in the planning phase of contracting a bidding process in the Electronic Auction for Price Registration modality. According to the PMBOK® Guide Sixth Edition p. 395, project risk management includes the processes of conducting planning, identification, analysis, response planning, implementation of responses and monitoring of risks in a project. The objective is to maximize exposure to positive events and minimize exposure to negative events. In this context, through causes, consequences, categories and SWOT analysis, 75 risks were identified. Risk management processes were used in accordance with the PMBOK® doctrine and the Pareto Principle to prioritize 25 risks.

Environmental management of the water supply of Cidade Universitária Prof. José da Silveira Netto (UFPA) and implementation model for granting water use

This study was carried out in the Prof. José da Silveira Netto University City, on the campus of the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), on the evaluation of the environmental management of water supply and the normative status of models for granting the right to use water resources in the administrative body, the State Secretariat for the Environment and Sustainable Development (SEMAS/PA). The aim of the study is to propose necessary procedures for implementing a project to support good environmental management of urban sanitation systems, based on SEMAS/PA Normative Instruction no. 3 of March 26, 2014. The methodology was developed through documentary/bibliographical research and visits to the competent bodies (SEMAS/PA, CPRM and FEMAC) and technical visits to the sectors of the university city. The studies show that the process of environmental management of water resources and the model for granting water rights need to be improved from the outset. The water resource use on the campus of the Federal University of Pará should meet this requirement and comply with the applicable regulations and any technical conditions proposed by the competent environmental protection agency.

Sustainable agricultural practices: Volcanic rock potential for soil remineralization

Brazil is one of the world's largest importers of agricultural inputs, with 84% of fertilizers used in the country originating from imports. The widespread use of soluble chemical fertilizers leads to various adverse environmental impacts, such as the eutrophication of water bodies. The development and improvement of techniques and agricultural products capable of providing a variety of macro and micronutrients to crops with the least negative environmental impact have been intensified. Soil remineralization through the addition of ground rocks represents a low-negative environmental impact alternative and clean food production, aligning with the second goal of sustainable development proposed by the United nations agenda 2030. This study aimed to determine the viability of outcropping andesitic in the municipality of Jaguarão, in the extreme south of Brazil, for soil remineralization. For this purpose, mineralogical and geochemical characterization, as well as an analysis of availability of nutrients using citric acid as an extracting solution indicated a significant availability of macronutrients (Ca, K, Mg, and Mn) and micronutrients (Fe and Cu), essential for the development of various crops., were performed. The free quartz content and the levels of K2O, MgO, As, Cd, Hg, and Pb comply with the parameters established by Normative Instruction No. 5 of 2016 from the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Supply (MAPA), which regulates the commercialization of soil remineralizers. The analysis of availability of nutrients using citric acid as an extracting solution indicated a significant availability of macronutrients (Ca, K, Mg, and Mn) and micronutrients (Fe and Cu), essential for the development of various crops.

Estudo Técnico Preliminar: diretrizes para a regulamentação local e regional

The general objective of this work is to investigate how the regulation of the Preliminary Technical Study can contribute to the promotion of public contracts whose results meet the social needs that originated them. To this end, we initially studied the planning of public procurement. Next, the Preliminary Technical Study was examined from the perspective of Law no. 14.133/2021, of SEGES/ME Normative Instruction n. 58, of August 8, 2022, of the doctrine and jurisprudence of the Federal Audit Court. Finally, having identified the potentialities of the ETP and considering the regulations already published (federal and state), guidelines for local regulation were proposed and regional of this instrument. Regarding methodology, the research is essentially deductive, qualitative, prescriptive, bibliographic and documentary, as it is guided by the study of doctrine, jurisprudence and national legislation. The results achieved allow us to conclude that it is possible to carry out a Preliminary Technical Study that contributes to the effectiveness of public purchases. To achieve this purpose, public bodies and entities must issue regulations that achieve the objectives of the ETP outlined by the new law on bidding and contracts and are compatible with the local and regional reality.

The use of commercial inoculant and efficient microorganisms (EM) in small-scale composting

The increasing of organic waste generation in institutional and domestic environments reflects the need to use practices that value these materials on site. Small-scale composting is an efficient, effective, and low-cost alternative solution for this waste treatment. In order to make on site composting accessible and disseminate its benefits, this study addresses the use of biological accelerators in small-scale composting, using leftover vegetables and fruits, spent coffee grounds and garden foliage, all generated in an educational institution. The experiment was completely random, with 4 treatments and 5 repetitions each, contemplating the composting with: 1) commercial inoculant (CI); 2) Efficient Microorganisms taken from forest soil by traditional method (EM); 3) Efficient Microorganisms taken from coffee plantation soil obtained by traditional method (EMC); 4) without inoculant (control). The analysis methodology included physicochemical and biological parameters monitoring, analysis of fertility and toxicity using the seed germination test. Results showed that, statistically, the application of inoculants in composting is not essential for the good development of the process on a small scale, under the conditions studied, which would contribute to the non-necessity of costs on additives. The use of inoculants did not change the physicochemical conditions of the process and the final compost. However, the germination index of the CI (commercial inoculant) treatment was shown as a stimulant for seed germination and growth. All parameters evaluated for the organic compound were in accordance with the standards recommended by Normative Instruction nº. 25/2009, regarding organic fertilizers.

Opening the “black box” of food safety policy implementation: The efficiency-enhancing role of a private meso-institution

There is continuing interest in how rules created at the “institutional environment” level influence the performance of food safety policies. The influence of institutional rules on the behavior of farms and firms may vary widely depending on how strongly incentives reach potential users. This article assesses how the creation of a private meso-institution (i.e., Conseleite) affects the implementation of food safety guidelines in the Brazilian dairy industry. We use a dataset that has laboratory analyses of milk from 18 out of the 27 Brazilian states over a period that goes from 2006 to 2014. We show that the creation of Conseleite has led to an increased effectiveness of implementation of the Normative Instruction 51, which sets indicators and basic parameters of milk quality in Brazil. Specifically, the creation of Conseleite in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul led to a decrease in the low-quality index related to the bacterial contamination of milk. In turn, we find that Conseleite played a limited role in raising the values of the high-quality milk index. Our conclusions highlight the fundamental role of meso-institutions in bridging the gap between the “institutional environment” level and the “governance” level. This study sheds light on a potential policy implementation path for other developing and emerging countries in the dairy industry, which is marked by frequent food safety scandals.

Industrial waste from biomass boiler: Ash as a liming replacement for Eucalyptus planting in Brazil

Upon insertion of biomass into a boiler, the material is incinerated, generating heat for the system. The combustion of biomass in the boiler produces ash, which is comprised of inorganic and mineral components that possess the potential for usage as a soil amendment. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of utilizing bottom ash from a Eucalyptus wood panels company, either partially or wholly replacing liming, for Eucalyptus planting. Chemical, physical and morphological characterizations of the ash and chemical characterization of the soil were carried out. An experiment was set up for the development of clonal Eucalyptus (3 ×2 m spacing), using different concentrations of ash and/or lime in the soil. The chemical characterization of ash was considered safe for use in agriculture, according to current legislation in Brazil (Normative Instruction SDA, n° 27). The diameter above ground and height of the seedlings were evaluated during twelve months in the field. In all treatments, elements such as copper and zinc presented concentrations within the limit parameters for soil, set by the government agency, CETESB. The findings indicate the feasibility of partially or fully replacing liming with ash, thereby promoting a more sustainable integration of circular economy into forest-based industries' energy generation processes.

Compliance of biosecurity practices for compartmentalization to foot-mouth disease and classical swine fever viruses in commercial swine companies from southern Brazil.

Classical swine fever (CSF) and foot-mouth disease (FMD) are both highly contagious disease and disruptive to commercial trades, but they are examples of foreign animal diseases that biosecurity-based compartmentalization could be used to support trade in free zones in response to an outbreak. This study aimed to evaluate biosecurity compliance to the Federal Normative Instruction #44 from December 4th, 2017 (BRAZIL, 2017) in commercial swine farms located in southern Brazil. A total of 604 swine farms from 10 commercial swine companies were sampled, from which 28.5% were breeding farms, 29.1% nursery, 32.8% finishing, 6.8% multipliers, and 2.8% farrow-to-finish. Cluster analyses revealed that farms with high compliance (n = 303, Cluster 1) performed 71% of the practices, moderate (n = 219, Cluster 2) 47%, and the low (n = 82, Cluster 3) 33%. A spatial logistic regression model estimated that biosecurity compliance was highest in only one of 10 commercial swine companies, and within a company, multipliers (when present) obtained the highest biosecurity compliance (p-value < 0.01). These results suggest that major improvements in biosecurity practices are needed in breeding herds, nursery, and grow-finish farms to be compliant to the Federal Instruction #44. Based on the combination of these analyses, only one commercial swine company was more suitable to establish compartments for CSF and FMD with minimal investments. Still, this study revealed that the majority of commercial swine companies needs to improve biosecurity practice protocols to then target compartmentalization.

LABEL ANALYSIS WITH PRODUCTS OF PLANT ORIGIN

The objective of the research work was to analyze labels of industrialized vegetable cheeses, from different brands, to verify if they are within the norms of the current legislation and if they are sources of protein and calcium like traditional cheeses of animal origin. The field research took place in the city of Ribeirão Preto with a quantitative method for information analysis, the brands’ own websites and the “Desrotulando” application. The collected data were analyzed using a simple Excel spreadsheet, using a checklist as a basis for evaluation, created by the requirements of current legislation. The laws used for consultation were: Ministry of Health/National Health Surveillance Agency: RDC 429, of October 8, 2020; RDC 259 of September 20, 2002; Normative Instruction IN 75 of October 8, 2020. Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply: Normative Instruction IN 22 of November 24, 2005. Most of the information described in the labels studied is in accordance with the requirements prescribed in the legislation used as a parameter study, but none of the cheeses are sources of protein and calcium, since most are based on some oilseeds such as cashew nuts, mixed with some carbohydrate source such as starch to give cheese consistency, together with flavorings, suggestion is that companies change the nomenclature format for this type of product, together with the insertion of specific legislation for vegetable cheeses, both for production and for labeling.&#x0D;

Analysis of the Physical and Chemical Properties of Honey Selled in the Free Fair of a Municipality Located in the Legal Amazon – Brazil

Honey is a food of natural origin produced by bees, which stands out as one of the most valued products. The practice of beekeeping and the increase in honey consumption by the population has been shown to be a promising and profitable activity for producers and the economy of Brazil. This research aimed to conduct analysis of the physicochemical properties of honey samples sold at the free fair of a city in the region of the Legal Amazon, located in the interior of Rondônia. Six samples from different sources were selected to evaluate their physical and chemical properties, including color, water content, hydroxymethylfurfural content (HMF), gray content, lund reaction and lugol reaction. The results were compared to the standards set by Normative Instruction No. 11 of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (Map) of 2000, using the methodologies proposed by the Adolfo Lutz Institute. The results presented obtained variations between the samples, since the composition of honey differs according to the floral species and region in which it comes from, in addition to their storage and management conditions. It is observed that some of the honey samples, without proper inspection, marketed at free markets in Brazil, do not meet the standards required by Brazilian legislation for honey.

OCORRÊNCIAS DE ROCHAS COM POTENCIAL PARA O USO COMO REMINERALIZADORES DE SOLO NAS MESORREGIÕES NORDESTE E SUDESTE DO PARÁ

Given the necessity to supply growing demands for nutrients from agricultural and pasture lands, which is related to the expansion in agrobusiness, the use of soil remineralizers stands as an alternative in the state of Pará. In addition, the state’s geodiversity and its mining history place it in an extremely advantageous position for adopting this technological route. This work aimed to investigate what types of rocks have the greatest potential for use as a soil remineralizer in the Northeast and Southeast regions of Pará. To do this, authors used a combination of tools available in Geographic Information Systems with a meticulous literature review. Among the identified rocks, special attentions is given a variety of lithotypes that situate in the mafic and ultramafic spectra, especially those with shoshonitic affinity (high K), as well as calcsilicate rocks from the Buritirama Formation, all with notable contents ​​of K2O, CaO e MgO. The variety of those rocks manifest as multiple sources of macronutrients and also indicate the possibility of blending (mixing) rocks to achieve the minimum guarantees required by the Normative Instruction Nº 05/2016 from MAPA. This is the case for regions where two or more potential rocks are spatially related, such as in the Gurupi and Carajás Areas of Relevant Mineral Interest.

BIOTITA-XISTO DA SUÍTE INTRUSIVA TRACUATEUA DO NORDESTE DO PARÁ E SEU POTENCIAL AGROMINERAL

The main purpose of this work is the chemical and mineralogical characterization of a biotite-shist from northern Brazil, in order to evaluate its potential as an alternative rock of potassium fertilizer. For the characterization, one composite sample of about 40 Kg was crushed and classified into four subsamples with the following grain sizes: (-4000 +1000), (-1000 +300), (-300 +53) and (-53) μm. All four subsamples were submitted to the following analyses: X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) and optical microscopy (OM) for textural analysis. The biotite-shist is mainly composed by albite, quartz and biotite, besides small amounts of chlorite and traces of K-feldspar and clinopyroxene. No significant mineralogical variation was observed among the studied granulometric fractions. Mean K2O contents are 2,61%, above the minimum of 1% required by the Normative Instruction of the Ministry of Agriculture of Brazil. Although further studies are still needed, the biotite-shist studied may have good potential when compared to other rocks already used in Brazil, e.g., other biotite schists from Central Brazil, as agromineral or soil remineralizer. Keywords: Biotite-schist, potassium fertilizer, soil remineralizer, agromineral.

APPLICABILITY AND EFFECTIVENESS IN THE METHODOLOGICAL ACTIONS OF THE THEMATIC AXES

This article reflects on the methodological actions of the thematic axes of EJA Campo and Special Education, with the intervention of Normative Instruction SEE Nº 08/2020, entering into the inclusion of both modalities in the educational context in the regular room of EJA Campo in rural communities . In this sense, the research was approached in a case study, whose theoretical reference survey was carried out through bibliographical and documental research in the methodological actions of the EJA Field and Inclusion of Special Education, in the intervention of the Normative Instruction SEE Nº 08/2020 and Brazilian Inclusion Law 06/07/2015. For that, we developed a qualitative research analysis whose preliminary results of the formative practices are included in the articulating and thematic axes of the curricular components where they are developed according to the cultural practice of each student using the Pedagogy of Alternation.

Design a FUZZY-TOPSIS (FTOPSIS) Model in Decision-Making with Multiple Criteria for the Implementation of Telecommuting in a Public Higher Education Institute

This article aimed to analyze the decision-making process regarding the implementation of telecommuting in a Public Higher Education Institution in Brazil. The basis for telecommuting was the ‘Normative Instruction of the Federal Government (IN 65 of July 30, 2020)’ and the ‘University Council Resolution N° 213, of December 6, 2021’, which provide alternative frameworks (theoretical or legal aspects) for conducting telecommuting. These frameworks encompass fully remote work or a hybrid approach, where different sectors alternate between in-person and remote work to maintain face-to-face services. By employing the FUZZY-TOPSIS (FTOPSIS) approach, it becomes possible to hierarchize the alternatives and establish a systematic analysis, thereby reducing the inherent subjectivity in the decision-making process. This approach facilitates informed decision-making regarding future actions related to the implementation of telecommuting.

Agronomic Efficiency of Biotite in Soybean and Corn Silage Production

The aim of the present study is to assess the agronomic efficiency and potential of using biotite, a remineralizer, as nutrient source to both soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill and maize silage (Zea mays L.). These crops were grown in succession in different soils. The research was conducted due to the importance of adopting alternative sources of fertilizers for agriculture and the relevance of using ground silicate rock powders to maximize plant growth. The purpose was to also register this product in Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA) as a soil remineralizer. Biotite (BE), a silicate rock powder used as soil remineralizer, was provided by Embu Mineral Company, Mogi das Cruzes, S&amp;atilde;o Paulo State, Brazil. BE samples were used for particle size, mineralogical and geochemical analysis in order to assess its classification as a soil remineralizers based on Normative Instruction N. 5/2006, by MAPA. Two experiments, one with each crop, were conducted on a sandy loam texture Yellow Latosol (LA) and a clay Red Latosol (LV) soil. The experiments were zed block design with four replicates. Treatments consisted, witness, biotite (BE) remineralizer at four increasing K2O rates (30, 60, 120 and 240 kg K2O ha-1), KCl at 60 kg K2O ha-1, and FMX remineralizer (fine-graded mica schist from Pedreira Araguaia Mineral Company). Both KCl and FMX were used as reference K2O sources. Yield data have shown K release in the soil and absorption by the test plants resulted in yield increases. Biotite behavior in the soil is similar to that of FMX and in some cases, to that of KCl. Biotite has great potential to be used as potassium source in soybean and maize crops.

Microbiological Quality of Pig Carcasses in a Slaughterhouse under Risk-Based Inspection System.

Meat product inspection is one of the procedures adopted more than a century ago to guarantee food quality and safety for consumption. Due to technology and regulation advancement for farming and slaughtering pigs, a change in zoonotic profile attributed to pork has been identified. Thus, a global movement began to establish inspection parameters based on epidemiological risk profiles, culminating in the publication of a new regulation in Brazil in 2018. This normative instruction establishes that slaughterhouses under federal inspection must implement risk-based inspection until 2028. Changes in the inspection system can generate questions and objections on the part of customers and consumer markets. In order to assess microbiological contamination when adopting a risk-based inspection system, the occurrence of Salmonella spp. and the quantification of Enterobacteriaceae and mesophilic aerobic counts were compared in pig carcasses slaughtered under traditional and risk-based inspection systems. A statistical significance reduction was identified regarding the quantification of Enterobacteriaceae (log -0.18 to -1.61 CFU/cm2) and mesophilic aerobic counts (log 4.60 to 3.49 CFU/cm2). The occurrence of Salmonella spp. did not show a significant difference (4% to 5.3%). The results allowed us to conclude that adopting risk-based inspection systems improves food safety through Enterobacteriaceae and mesophilic aerobic counts reduction.