Normal Mothers Research Articles

The Effect Of Meridian Acupoint Massage On Fatigue, And Prevention Of Post Partum Depression During The Public Period

Postpartum fatigue is a feeling of tiredness experienced by around 65-80% of mothers after giving birth. Fatigue can trigger post partum depression during the postpartum period. In Indonesia, the incidence of post partum blues is 50% -70%. One of the method is meridian accupoints massage intervention to reduce fatigue and prevent post partum depression. This study aims to analyze the effects of meridian accupoint massage on fatigue and prevention post partum depression in the post partum period.
 A quasi experimental design with pretest posttest nonequivalent control group was utilized. The study group consisted of 28 postpartum women on the 5th day at the Nining Lubuk Pakam Clinic. The instrument used to measure fatigue is th. e Postpartum Fatique Scale, prevention of post partum depression is measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Data analysis uses independent and dependent t-tests.
 The experimental group demonstrated a significantly larger decrease compared with the control groupin measures of fatique and prevention post partum depressive. There was a significant difference in maternal fatigue and prevention of post partum depression after meridian accupoint massage between the intervention group and the control group with a value of p=0.003; p=0.002. The average reduction in fatigue after meridian accupoint massage was 27.11%, while the reduction in stress as an assessment for preventing post partum depression was 43.41%.
 Meridian Accupoint Massage has been proven to have an influence on reducing fatigue and preventing post partum depression during the postpartum period. For midwives to be able to learn and apply this method to normal postpartum mothers in order to improve the quality of life of postpartum mothers. Meridian accupoint massage intervention can be used as learning material in complementary therapy during the postpartum period.

Anthropometric Measurements in Newborns: A Comparative Study of Infants Born to Mothers With and Without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Objective Fetal growth can be affected by maternal PCOS and may have an impact on offspring and childhood growth. The current findings across studies are divergent and controversial. This study aims to determine whether maternal PCOS can affect the physical measurements of newborns and to establish the differences in birth weight, length, head, and chest circumference between newborns of mothers with polycystic ovarian syndrome and those of mothers without polycystic ovarian syndrome. Methods In this study, we examined the gestational age, birth weight, length, head circumference, chest circumference, and ponderal index of 75 infants born to mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and compared them to those of 94 infants born to mothers without PCOS. Result Compared with the other groups, the PCOS group does not show significant differences in anthropometric indices compared to the control group. Infants born to normal and PCOS mothers birth weight were categorized as SGA (small for gestational age) if birth weight was less than the 5thpercentile. LGA is large for gestational age if birth weight is greater than the 90thpercentile. Other appropriate for gestational age if infant birth weight is between> 5thand < 90th percentile. Significant differences in anthropometric indices like birth weight, head circumference, and Ponderal index were observed in SGA and LGA newborns of normal and PCOS mothers. Conclusion The study findings indicate that neonates born to mothers with PCOS have higher rates of SGA and LGA newborns, and differences in anthropometric indices (birth weight, head circumference, and Ponderal index) were observed between SGA and LGA newborns of PCOS mothers.

Risk Factors for Perineal Rupture in Normal Maternity Women at Midwife Independent Practice (BPM) Barirah Madeni, Bebesen District, Central Aceh Regency, Indonesia

Perineal rupture is a tear in the tissue located between the vulva and anus that can occur during childbirth. This happens because the bigger the baby is born, the greater the risk of this occurring rupture perineum due to the large birth weight of the baby. This study aimed to find out the risk factor for perineal rupture in normal maternity mothers at BPM Barirah Madeni, Central Aceh Regency, Indonesia. This research is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach, with the population being all mothers giving birth normally at BPM Barirah Madeni, totaling 94 people. The samples taken were the entire population, namely 94 people. Data was collected using a questionnaire and then analyzed univariate and bivariate. The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between birth weight and perineal rupture in normal labor and outcomes p-value = 0.001 (p&lt;0.05). However, there is no relationship between partus precipitatus and the incidence of perineal rupture in normal maternity women, with the results p-value = 0.192 (p&gt;0.05).

THU307 Landscapes Of MaternalAnd Neonatal Bacterial And Metabolic SignaturesAnd Their Interaction In Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract Disclosure: L. Ding: None. J. Liu: None. X. Zhai: None. X. Xiao: None. Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is strongly correlated with considerable risks to both the mother and the developing fetus. Although evidence indicates an association between the altered gut microbiota and GDM, the microbial and metabolic mechanisms that link the metabolic state between mothers and offspring are unknown. This study aims to characterize the maternal and neonatal bacterial and metabolic signatures and their interaction in gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods: Sixty-six mothers (39 women with GDM and 27 normal pregnant women) and eighty-nine newborns (44 from GDM mothers and 45 from normal mothers) were included in this study. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomic methods, we determined the gut microbiota and serum metabolomics both for mothers and newborns. Results: We found that the microbial and metabolic signatures of GDM mothers and newborns were significantly different from those of the Control group (Ctr), respectively. Intriguingly, we identified 14 genera (Phyllobacterium, etc.) that exhibited identical alterations in mothers and newborns between groups. Among the overlapped differential metabolites in mothers and newborns, 23 (Glutamyl-methionine, etc.) showed consistent alterations between groups, while 19 (Cyclotetradecane, etc.) metabolites exhibited opposite alterations. Metabolic KEGG pathway analysis revealed that 6 pathways, including fatty acid metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, TCA cycle, transsulfuration pathway, bile acid metabolism, and carnitine metabolism were both enriched in mothers and newborns. Significantly, correlation analysis revealed the notable association between pyroglutamic acid and maternal glucose level in Ctr group was disrupted in GDM group (Ctr: r = -0.46, p = 0.02; GDM: r = 0.04, p = 0.82). Simultaneously, pyroglutamic acid was significantly correlated with neonate serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, which was disrupted in newborns of GDM mothers (Ctr: r = 0.33, p = 0.03; GDM: r = -0.05, p = 0.80). Conclusion: Altogether, we demonstrated that GDM could consistently alter the microbiota and serum metabolome in mothers and newborns, which is significantly associated with their metabolic state respectively. These findings indicate that serum metabolites serve as promising targets to intervene in metabolic transmission in GDM, which needs further validation. Presentation: Thursday, June 15, 2023

OR14-03 The Thyroid Hormone Receptor Beta Genotype Of The Fetus Influences The Maternal Thyroid Function During Pregnancy

Abstract Disclosure: F. Salas Lucia: None. X. Liao: None. H. Jiang: None. A.M. Dumitrescu: None. S. Refetoff: None. J. Anselmo: None. When women with resistance to thyroid hormone beta (RTHβ) are pregnant, their high serum thyroid hormone (TH) levels are perceived as normal by affected fetuses (AfFe) carrying the same THRB mutation as their mothers. On the contrary, normal fetuses (NlFe) that do not carry the maternal THRB mutation are exposed to supraphysiologic TH levels and have unfavorable outcomes. This shows the impact maternal TH levels have on the fetus. However, whether the fetus might influence the maternal thyroid function remains unknown. To explore this possibility, we studied the maternal thyroid function tests (TFT) TSH, FT3, and FT4 throughout the pregnancies from 8 women harboring the R243Q THRB mutation (AfMo) during a total of 10 pregnancies: 6 carrying AfFe and 4 NlFe fetuses. Cord blood TFT from 3 of the NlFe and 3 AfFe at birth were also obtained. In addition, 8 pregnancies from 7 normal mothers (NlMo) carrying 4 AfFe who inherited the THRB mutation from the father and 4 NlFe were also evaluated for TFT. Cord blood from these pregnancies was not available. Results were compared to those in pregnancies of normal WT women. In all RTHβpregnancies, the maternal TSH values were within the range of pregnancies in WT women (0.35-4.94 mU/L) with an hCG-mediated nadir at the end of the first trimester. Maternal FT4 and FT3 values in RTHβpregnancies were above the upper limit of normal (ULN) of 100, peaking during weeks 5-16 (150±20% and 175±15% ULN, respectively) and progressively decreasing afterward. We found differences in maternal TFTdepending on the THRB genotype of the fetus. From weeks 25-32, the AfMo carrying an AfFe exhibited lower FT4 than when carrying a NlFe (96±2 vs. 108±5.3% ULN; p&amp;lt;0.05). Similarly, from weeks 25-40, the AfMo carrying an AfFe exhibited lower FT3 values than when carrying a NlFe ULN (110±11 vs. 134±13% ULN; p&amp;lt;0.05). While gestational age at delivery was similar in all RTHβ pregnancies, the NlFe had a lower birth body weight than the AfFe (2.3±0.1 vs. 3.1±0.2 kg; p&amp;lt;0.01). Cord blood TSH in NlFe was undetectable (&amp;lt;0.1 mU/L) but was 9.51 mU/L (2.2-10; range in normal neonates) in AfFe, which indicates that the thyroid function in NlFe could be restricted during pregnancy, but not in AfFe. Cord blood FT4 levels were similar in NlFe and AfFe (98.4±16.4 vs. 89.5±9.4% ULN). However, FT3 levels were significantly higher in NlFe than in AfFe (67.7±3.0 vs. 42.0±9.6% ULN; p&amp;lt;0.05) and represented ∼68, and ∼42% of the serum maternal FT3 level at birth, respectively. NlMo carrying either AfFe or NlFe showed similar TSH and FT3 levels during pregnancies. However, from weeks 33 to 40, FT4 levels were lower when carrying an AfFe than when carrying a NlFe (51.8±2.8 vs. 62.5±3.2% ULN; p&amp;lt;0.001). Our findings indicate that maternal thyroid function are influenced by THRB genotype of the fetus. The quantitation of placental and fetal TH transporters, deiodinases, and TH metabolites could provide insights into the mechanisms involved. Presentation: Friday, June 16, 2023

Pengaruh Pemberian VCO Terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Perineum Pada Ibu Nifas di PMB Sri Suparti

Background: In Indonesia perineal lacerations are experienced by 75% of women giving birth vaginally due to spontaneous tearing. This can cause bleeding to not be stopped properly or infection to occur. To prevent infection of perineal wounds, perineal wound care can be done using virgin coconut oil (VCO) which has properties as an antiseptic, anti-infection and can reduce pain and provide comfort. Objective: To determine the effect of VCO administration on perineal wound healing in normal postpartum women at PMB Sri Suparti Karanganyar. Research method: The type of research used is quasi-experimental research. The research design used the post test only with control group design method with 30 samples, 15 were given VCO and 15 were not given VCO by processing the data using Mann Whitney. The results of the study: The results of the data analysis test with Mann Whitney obtained a value of p = 0.001, with a significant level of p &lt;0.05 which means that there is an effect of VCO administration on perineal wound healing in normal postpartum mothers. Conclusion: There is an effect of VCO administration on perineal wound healing in normal postpartum women at PMB Sri Suparti Karanganyar.

Association between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and offspring’s outcomes at 9 to 15 years of age

ObjectiveMaternal pre-pregnancy underweight, overweight and obesity might increase the risk for worse short- and long-term outcome in the offspring. There is a need for further study into the relationship between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and the combined outcome of physical development, state of health and social behavior in children. Question: Is maternal pre-pregnancy BMI associated with the child outcome in terms of physical development, state of health and social behavior (school and leisure time behavior) at the age of 9 to 15 years?MethodsIn the population-based birth cohort study Survey of Neonates in Pomerania (SNIP) children at the age 9–15 years and their families were re-examined by questionnaire-based follow-up. 5725 mother–child pairs were invited to SNiP-follow-up. This analysis is based on the recall fraction of 24.1% (n = 1379). Based on the maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (ppBMI), 4 groups were formed: underweight (ppBMI < 19 kg/m2, n = 117), normal weight (ppBMI 19–24.99 kg/m2, n = 913, reference), overweight (ppBMI 25–30 kg). /m2, n = 237) and obesity (ppBMI > 30 kg/m2, n = 109).ResultsIn the multiple regression model, the BMI-z-score for children of mothers in the underweight group was −0.50 lower, and 0.50/1.07 higher in the overweight/obese group (p < 0.001) compared to reference at median age of 12 years. No differences were found in children of underweight mothers with regard to social behavior (interaction with friends and family), school and sports performance (coded from “very good” to “poor”), other leisure activities (watching television, using mobile phones, gaming), and health (occurrence of illnesses) compared to children of normal weight mothers. In contrast, maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity were associated with lower school and sports performance, and higher screen time (smart phone, gaming, television) compared to children of normal weight mothers.ConclusionMaternal pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity but not underweight was negatively associated with school performance and leisure time behavior in the offspring at 9–15 years of age.

Adverse Perinatal Outcomes Associated with Increasing Maternal Obesity.

The aim of this study was to determine adverse perinatal outcomes related to maternal preconception body mass index (BMI). This is a retrospective observational cohort study at a single institution of 500 consecutive mothers of normal weight with a preconception BMI of 18.5 to less than 25 and 500 additional obese mothers with a preconception BMI more than or equal to 30. Maternal/newborn metrics were stratified by maternal preconception BMI and trend analysis was performed both by simple univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis. The study included 858 mother/baby dyads after 142 were excluded. Trend analysis demonstrated higher preconception BMI was significantly associated with progressively higher rates of cesarean section (p < 0.001), preeclampsia p < 0.001), gestational diabetes (p < 0.001), preterm birth (p = 0.001), lower 1- and 5 minutes Apgar scores (p < 0.001), and neonatal intensive care unit admission (p = 0.002). These associations remained significant in both simple univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. We demonstrated obese women are more likely to have maternal complications and neonatal morbidity when compared with normal weight mothers. Maternal and fetal complications increase with increasing obesity with superobese mothers (BMI ≥ 50) having more perinatal adverse outcomes when compared with other classes of obesity. It is reasonable to counsel weight loss prior to conception of women with BMI more than or equal to 30 in an effort to reduce maternal complications and neonatal morbidity related to pregnancy. · Maternal obesity is associated with adverse outcomes.. · Complications increase with increasing obesity.. · Superobese mothers have the most adverse outcomes..

Effect of Oxytocin Massage on Breast Milk Production among Postpartum Mothers

Exclusive breastfeeding in the world is still very low. Various obstacles can arise in providing exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of a baby's life. This causes a lack of provision of nutrients to infants, which can cause infant death. In a preliminary study conducted in the Postpartum Room at Bhayangkara Lumajang Hospital in February 2022, based on the results of interviews with 10 normal postpartum mothers, it was found that postpartum mothers complained that their milk did not come out and was not smooth and felt that their milk production was lacking, especially on the first day of the baby's birth. This study aimed to analyze the effect of oxytocin massage on breast milk production in postpartum mothers at Bhayangkara Lumajang Hospital. This type of research is pre-experiment by designing one group pre-post test design. Sampling using the method of simple random sampling with a sample of 36 respondents was carried out in August 2022. The instrument used for data collection was a checklist sheet. The results showed that almost all 36 respondents to produce milk after having oxytocin massage for postpartum mothers at Bhayangkara Lumajang Hospital in 2022 were in the current category with a total of 33 respondents (91.7%). It obtained a p-value=0.000, which means that oxytocin massage affects breast milk production (ASI) in postpartum mothers at Bhayangkara Lumajang Hospital.

Associations of maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain with the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes in Chinese women with gestational diabetes mellitus

BackgroundGive the high background risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs), it is important to understand the associations of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI), gestational weight gain (GWG) with APOs in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We addressed the independent and joint associations of maternal ppBMI and GWG with APOs in Chinese women with GDM.Methods764 GDM women with singleton delivery were studied and they were stratified into three weight groups by ppBMI (underweight, normal weight and overweight/obesity) following classification standards for Chinese adults and three GWG groups (inadequate, adequate, excessive GWG) by the 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines, respectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the odds ratios of APOs.ResultsMaternal overweight/obesity was associated with increased odds of pregnancy-induced hypertension [PIH, adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.828, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.382–5.787], cesarean delivery (CS) (aOR 2.466, 95%CI 1.694–3.590), preterm delivery (aOR 2.466, 95%CI 1.233–4.854), LGA (aOR 1.664, 95%CI 1.120–2.472), macrosomia (aOR 2.682, 95%CI 1.511–4.760) and any pregnancy complication (aOR 2.766, 95%CI 1.840–4.158) compared with healthy weight. Inadequate GWG was less likely to develop PIH (aOR 0.215, 95%CI 0.055–0.835), CS (aOR 0.612, 95%CI 0.421–0.889) and any pregnancy complication (aOR 0.628, 95%CI 0.435–0.907), but had higher risk of preterm birth (aOR 2.261, 95%CI 1.089–4.692), while excessive GWG was more vulnerable to LGA (aOR 1.929, 95%CI 1.272–2.923), macrosomia (aOR 2.753, 95%CI 1.519–4.989) and any pregnancy complication (aOR 1.548, 95%CI 1.006–2.382) as compared to adequate GWG. Furthermore, compared to normal weight mothers with adequate GWG, obese mothers with excessive GWG had the highest risk of any pregnancy complication (aOR 3.064, 95%CI 1.636–5.739).ConclusionsMaternal overweight/obesity and GWG were associated with APOs in the already high-risk settings of GDM. Obese mothers with excessive GWG may confer the greatest risk of adverse outcomes. It was very helpful to reduce the burden of APOs and benefit GDM women by promoting a healthy pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG.

PERBEDAAN KONSUMSI BUAH NANAS SEGAR DENGAN BUAH NENAS OLAHAN TERHADAP PENURUNAN TINGGI FUNDUS UTERI PADA IBU NIFAS NORMAL DI PMB ROSITA KOTA PEKANBARU

In postpartum women, the process of returning the uterus to its pre-pregnant form is very important for increasing uterine contractions which can accelerate the involution process. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of consumption of fresh pineapple with processed pineapple (dried pineapple) to decrease uterine fundal height in normal postpartum mothers. This type of research is a quasi-experimental research design with two-groups pre-test-post-test design. The study was conducted at PMB Rosita Pekanbaru City with a population of all postpartum women giving birth at PMB Rosita from February to July 2022 with a sample of 36 people divided into 18 respondents consuming fresh pineapple and 18 consuming dried pineapple (pineapple chips). The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The results of data analysis showed that the average decrease in uterine fundus height after the intervention was an average of 12.17 cm for fresh pineapple consumption and 5.13 cm for processed pineapple fruit consumption (mean). Data analysis using independent t test consumption of fresh pineapple is more effective in accelerating the decrease in uterine fundal height compared to processed pineapple (dried pineapple) with a value of (p: 0.000). It is hoped that this research can be useful for health workers in providing education to postpartum mothers by utilizing pineapple to accelerate the decrease in uterine fundal height.

Analysis of Implementation of Postpartum Exercise on Breast Milk Production and Uterine Involution in Postpartum Mothers in Makassar

Postpartum exercise has a positive effect on the health status of the mother, including helping to normalize joints that become loose due to pregnancy and childbirth and preventing further weakness and stretching. Postpartum exercise exercises can be done within 24 hours after giving birth and then regularly every day (Diana, 2014). However, the reality obtained in the field is that postpartum exercise is rarely carried out because mothers are afraid to make many movements, still have pain in the perineal wound area and are afraid of the stitches coming off. General Objectives To determine the effect of implementing postpartum gymnastics on the smoothness of breastfeeding and uterine involution, Specific Objectives To find out the effect of implementing postpartum gymnastics on the production and smoothness of breast milk, and to know the effect of implementing postpartum gymnastics on uterine involution. this type of Quasi Experiment research uses the theNon-Equivalentt Control Group design, namely a study that compares the case group with the control group. The population of this study was 59 people and the sample in this study was part of normal postpartum mothers from day 2 to day 4 and were willing to be respondents. Based on the distribution of postpartum exercise movements on breast milk production, it shows that there is no influence between postpartum exercise movements and the smooth production of breast milk and based on the distribution of postpartum exercise movements on uterine involution. shows that postpartum exercise has a significant effect on uterine involution variables

Overexpression of IGF2 affects mouse weight and glycolipid metabolism and IGF2 is positively related to macrosomia.

To investigate the effects of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) on growth and glycolipid metabolism, as well as the underlying mechanism. A mouse model of IGF2 overexpression was constructed to measure weight gain before adulthood, to obtain the values of adult glycolipid metabolism indicators in the peripheral blood and to detect the expression of genes in the IGF2 signaling pathway in different mouse tissues. The present study also explored the independent association between the IGF2 gene and macrosomia by detecting and comparing the expression levels of IGF2 mRNA/H19 RNA in maternal peripheral blood and fetal cord blood of 26 human pregnancies. In the mouse model, weights of the IGF2-overexpressing mice were significantly higher than those of the control mice at the age of 5-10 weeks. The glucose concentration, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels of IGF2-overexpressing mice were significantly lower than those of wild-type (WT) mice. Compared with the WT mice, the expression of H19 was significantly decreased in the pancreas and IGF1R was significantly decreased in the muscle of mice with IGF2 overexpression. The expression levels of STAT3 and AKT2 showed significant decrease in liver, muscle and increase in muscle of IGF2-overexpressing mice, respectively. GLUT2 expression showed significant increase in liver, kidney, muscle and decrease in pancreas of mice with IGF2 overexpression. This study also found that in normal mothers with the similar clinical characteristics, IGF2 expression in the maternal peripheral blood and fetal cord blood is an independent factor influencing macrosomia. IGF2 expression was independently correlated with the occurrence of macrosomia, and overexpression of IGF2 significantly increased the weights of mice at the age of 5-10 weeks and significantly affected the values of adult glycolipid metabolism indicators, which might be the result of changes in the IGF2-IGF1R-STAT3/AKT2-GLUT2/GLUT4 pathway. These findings might suggest that IGF2 plays an important role in growth and glycolipid metabolism during both pregnancy and postnatal development.

Associations of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with risk of offspring neurodevelopment at 2years: A Chinese birth cohortstudy.

In recent decades, there has been a surge in both obesity and developmental impairments. Only a few research have looked at the relationship between gestational weight growth and pre-pregnancy BMI in mothers and the neurobehavioral development of their infants. The current research investigates the associations among maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG, and the risk of child neural development at 2 years of age depending on a Chinese birth prospective study. The study population was 3,115 mother-infant pairs were registered in the Wuhan Health Baby cohort between September 2013 and October 2018, and data from this cohort was used in this investigation. The Chinese classification was used to group maternal BMI before conception. Based on the 2019 Life Cycle Project-Maternal Obesity and Childhood Outcomes Study Group, categories for GWG were created. The outcome was an assessment of child neural development at age 2 which was measured by employing a Chinese translation of the Bayley scales (BSID-CR). The multivariate regression models were used to calculate the beta (β) coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for estimating the associations between continuous Bayley scores and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI categories, as same as in GWG categories. Infants of overweight and obese moms exhibited lower MDI scores than those of mothers with normal pre-pregnancy BMI (β = -2.510, 95%CI = -4.821 to -0.200) in the entire sample. Meanwhile, we find among the normal pre-pregnancy BMI mothers, infants of inadequate GWG mothers had lower MDI scores (β = -3.952, 95%CI = -7.809 to -0.094) compared with the referenced adequate GWG mothers, as well as the infants of excessive GWG mothers among the underweight pre-pregnancy BMI mothers (β = -5.173, 95%CI = -9.803 to -0.543). The PDI scores of the infants were not affected by the maternal pre-pregnancy BMI or GWG. For Chinese babies aged 2 in this nationally representative sample, aberrant pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG can impair infants' mental development, but not psychomotor development. Such results are significant given the incidence of overweight and obesity as well as the long-term effects of early brain development. In this study we found optimal GWG recommendations proposed by 2019 Life Cycle Project-Maternal Obesity and Childhood Outcomes Study Group were more suitable for Chinese women than 2009 Institute of Medicine(IOM) guidelines. Additionally, women should be given general advice on how to achieve their ideal pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG.

The Relationship Between Infant Birth and Perineal Rupter in Normal Delivery in Juwita Clinic

&lt;div&gt;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"&gt;&lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td align="left" valign="top"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The number of perineal rupture cases continues to increase each year. Birth weight is a risk factor that increases the incidence of perineal injury. The bigger the baby born the risk of perineal rupture. The coverage rate for participants for mothers who gave birth at the Juwita Midwife Clinic in 2022 recorded 14 participants, 9 women who had normal births experienced tears in the birth canal. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between birth weight and perineal rupture in normal delivery at the Juwita Midwife Clinic in 2022. This research is an analytical study with a cross-sectional research design. This research was conducted at the Juwita Midwife Clinic, Hamparan Perak, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. The time of the study was in May-July 2022. The population in the study was all maternity patients at the Juwita Midwife Clinic who gave birth in May-July 2022 as many as 55 normal birth mothers. The sampling technique used in this research is non-probability sampling with total sampling technique. The number of samples in this research was 55 people. Collecting data in this study used a questionnaire in the form of a check list sheet. Univariate analysis with descriptive, while bivariate analysis with Chi-Square test. The results of the research were that mothers experienced perineal rupture by giving birth to normal baby weight ≤4000 grams, namely 17 mothers (30,9%) of whom gave birth with babies weighing more than 4000 grams, namely 18 mothers (32,8%). There is a relationship between birth weight and perineal rupture at the Juwita midwife clinic, Hamparan Perak District, Deli Serdang Regency (p-value=0,040). It is recommended that health workers can increase their vigilance in providing birth assistance so that perineal rupture does not occur.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Keyword: Maternity, Newborn Weight, Perineal Rupture&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;

Determinants of human milk oligosaccharides profiles of participants in the STRONG kids 2 cohort.

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS) are indigestible carbohydrates that support infant development by establishing a healthy microbiota, preventing infectious diseases, and promoting immune and cognitive development. Individual HMOS have distinct functions based on their chemical structures. HMO profiles can vary largely among mothers, but the research on factors other than genetic background affecting HMO composition are limited. In the present analysis, we examined the relationships between maternal characteristics and the HMO profiles of breastfeeding mothers (n = 392) in the STRONG kids 2 with the following demographic characteristics: average age: 30.8 y, 74.5% White, and 75.5% exclusively breastfeeding. Human milk samples were collected at 6 weeks postpartum and maternal information was obtained from self-reported surveys. Information on dietary intake changes since the participants have been breastfeeding was collected. HMO profiles were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry and secretor status was determined by the presence of four secretor markers [2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL), LNFP I, LDFT, and TFLNH]. Spearmen correlation test was utilized to determine the relationships between individual HMOS and associations with maternal factors. Between-group differences in HMO relative abundances were examined with Kruskal-Wallis test. Among all participants, 71.9% were secretors and 28.1% were non-secretors. The relative abundances of all HMOS differed (p < 0.05) by secretor status, with the exception for 6'-SL and 3'-SL. Positive correlations were observed among HMOS with similar structures, such as the 1,2-fucosylated HMOS. The abundances of selected HMOS were associated with maternal body weight, pregnancy complications, and dietary characteristics. Based on pre-pregnancy BMI, in all mothers, relative abundance of 3'-SL was significantly higher in overweight mothers than obese mothers (p = 0.013). In milk produced by non-secretor mothers, LNPF I + III abundances were greater in overweight than normal weight mothers (p = 0.020). Several HMO abundances were found to be associated with Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Variations of HMO abundances were also observed with dietary food intake. In all mothers, egg consumption was positively correlated with LNT + LNnT (R = 0.13; p = 0.012) and cheese intake was positively associated with 2'-FL (R = 0.10; p = 0.046) and S-LNnH II (R = 0.11; p = 0.026) abundances. HMO profiles were found to be associated with maternal characteristics and intake. Future research will investigate associations between HMOS and maternal and infant outcomes.

The Effect of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Hearing of Neonates in a Tertiary Healthcare Centre.

Congenital hearing loss is hearing loss present in a child at birth or soon after birth. It is a debilitating condition with the potential for lifelong disability. It is thought to be multifactorial in aetiology with both genetic (autosomal and X-linked) and acquired causes (such as maternal infections, drug intake, trauma). Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a relatively common condition found in pregnant females but is a rather understudied risk factor in terms of congenital hearing loss. GDM is easily treatable which makes the hearing loss due to it easily preventable. (1) Determine correlation between Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and congenital hearing loss in neonates. (2) Calculate the prevalence of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus related congenital hearing loss. A two-step screening process was used for hearing evaluation of neonates with normal mothers (non-exposed) and neonates with mothers suffering from GDM (exposed) through Otoacoustic emission (OAE) and Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry (BERA). (1) The difference of neonates diagnosed with hearing impairment in exposed and non-exposed group was statistically significant with a p-value of 0.024. OR 2.1538 95% CI 0.6120-7.5796, p < 0.05. (2) Prevalence of hearing loss in neonates of GDM mothers: 13.3%. Through rigorous exclusion of the already known risk factors for congenital hearing loss, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus has been isolated as an independent risk factor for neonatal hearing impairment. We hope to identify additional cases of congenital hearing loss early leading to a decrease in disease burden.

Efektivitas Pijat Oksitosin terhadap Pengeluaran ASI pada Ibu Post Partum

Oxcytocin massage were solutions to help maximize the proplactin and oxytocin receptors so as to facilitate the process of maternal milk production.. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Oxcytocin massage in post partum mothers. Method: Pre- experimental research with one group pretest and posttest design approach. The population was all normal post partum mothers with the first child at Aura Syifa Kediri Hospital. A sample of 8 respondents with accidental sampling technique. Data collection used observation. Results: The results of data analysis used Wilcoxon test revealed that there was no effect of Oxcytocin massage. While the implementation of acupressure was known that there was an effect of acupressure therapy on milk production on. The results of data analysis used the mann whitney test was known that the value of Sig. 2- tailed (p value): 0.040 and alpha value (a): 0.05 so that the p value &lt;a means that H0 was rejected and H1 was accepted. Conclusion: there are differences in the effectiveness of the Oxcytocin massage methods in increased milk production in Post Partum Mothers. Suggestion: The results of this study can be used as an alternative intervention in treating the physical and psychological needs of Postpartum Mothers. Nurses need to teach this technique to Postpartum Mothers to be more independent in dealing with milk production problems. &#x0D;

The impact of sense of coherence and the perceived parental goal emphases on teenagers' anxiety disorder

AbstractThe role of the parents is crucial in the children's effective functioning, having a long-term effect on the physical, mental and social health of the individuals. Sense of coherence is one of the most important elements of mental health, having a significant effect on the various aspects of life. So do parental goal emphasis by setting the main directions for the children. The current survey aimed to study the impact of sense of coherence and the perceived parental goal emphasis for teenagers' anxiety disorder. 80 of these students (40 suffering from anxiety disorder and 40 normal individuals) were selected due to a questionnaire about anxiety and sampling method, considering the goal of the research. The sense of coherence questionnaire was filled by students' mothers, and to understand parents', the perceived parental goal emphasis questionnaire was filled by the students themselves. The results were calculated and analysed by a statistical program called SPSS (V.20) with MANOVA on the Dependent variables test. The results indicate that the sense of coherence was different in two groups of mothers and students than anxiety disorder and normal individuals. It shows that sense of coherence had a higher rate in normal students' mothers. Also, the orientation senses of parents and its component had a huge superiority over students with an anxiety disorder than normal.

F8 gene inversion and duplication cause no obvious hemophilia A phenotype.

Hemophilia A (HA, OMIM#306700) is an X-linked recessive bleeding disorder caused by the defects in the F8 gene, which encodes coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). Intron 22 inversion (Inv22) is found in about 45% of patients with severe hemophilia A. Here, we reported a male without obvious hemophilia A phenotype but bearing an inherited segmental variant duplication encompassing F8 as well as Inv22. The duplication was approximately 0.16Mb and involved from exon 1 to intron 22 of F8. This partial duplication and Inv22 in F8 was first found in the abortion tissue of his older sister with recurrent miscarriage. The genetic testing of his family revealed that his phenotypically normal older sister and mother also had this heterozygous Inv22 and a 0.16Mb partial duplication of F8, while his father was genotypically normal. The integrity of the F8 gene transcript was verified by sequencing of the adjacent exons at the inversion breakpoint, which explained why this male had no phenotype for hemophilia A. Interestingly, although he had no significant hemophilia A phenotype, the expression of C1QA in his mother, sister, and the male subject was only about half of that in his father and normal population. Our report broadens the mutation spectrum of F8 inversion and duplication and its pathogenicity in hemophilia A.