Normative Behavior Research Articles

Восприятие времени и ситуации неопределенности студентами с различными стратегиями информационного поведения

Introduction. The high level of uncertainty in modern life makes young people turn to the virtual environment. Modern students are active users of Internet content and demonstrate different strategies of informational behavior of a normative and risky nature. Our research is devoted to studying the relationships between time orientations, information behavior strategies and indicators of tolerance to uncertainty among university students. Methods. The study involved 192 students of the humanities faculties, aged from 18 to 29 years, with an average age of 20 years; 160 girls and 32 boys. Methods used: “Strategies of Information Behavior” SIP (Abakumova et al.), questionnaire “Involvement in the Internet Environment” (Grishina, Zvezdina), D. McLane’s Tolerance of Uncertainty Scale, “Time Perspective Questionnaire” by F. Zimbardo. Spearman's r-rank correlation coefficient was applied. Results. The sample of students shows a relative balance in the expression of time perspectives. Students with a positive past orientation are more tolerant of uncertainty; normative strategies of information behavior dominate in them. Students with a negative past orientation showed an avoidance of uncertainty and a preference for monosyllabicity. Students with a negative past orientation more often resort to risky behavior and seek satisfaction of their needs in non-normative ways in the Internet environment. The respondents' perception of their present as fatal showed their great vulnerability to risks, inability to control their lives and be tolerant of uncertainty. Discussion. Positive past orientation and hedonic present orientation are positively associated with preferences for uncertainty and novelty and normative information behavior strategies. Negative past experience reduces the level of tolerance to uncertainty and is associated with risky strategies of informational behavior, which can act as a coping strategy for unconstructive problem solving.

MARKETING RESEARCH OF ENVIRONMENTAL CULTURE POPULATION OF IZHEVSK

The article presents the results of a marketing study of the environmental culture and behavior of the population of the city of Izhevsk in 2023. The goals and objectives, the population under study, the size and structure of the sample, and the analysis tools are defined. An assessment of the actual sample obtained was given, on the basis of which a database was formed and an assessment of environmental culture and behavior was carried out. This study was initiated by the author of the article with the aim of testing a previously developed marketing model for assessing the level of environmental culture and behavior of the population “cognition-feeling-action”. The study became necessary to substantiate a number of provisions in the field of: environmental management and management against the backdrop of growing environmental problems in Russia and its regions; systematization of ideas about corporate social responsibility from the standpoint of justifying the rationality of its application; formation of marketing methodology for studying environmental culture and behavior of the population. Based on the results of a mass sample survey, a general and segment-by-segment assessment of the environmental culture and behavior of the population of Izhevsk in 2023 was given. The survey made it possible to record a number of indicators of the cognitive, affective and behavioral reaction of the population in the environmental sphere in general and by segment: “young” population (18 -44 years old); “middle-aged” population (45-59 years old), “elderly” people (over 60 years old). The structure of knowledge of environmental projects and programs, public and state bodies/institutions responsible for the state of the environment in the city of Izhevsk and Udmurtia has been studied. An assessment of the environmental situation in the city of Izhevsk by segment was recorded, and differentiation of people’s opinions regarding the consequences of environmental deterioration and the relevance of environmental problems was noted. An indirect study of the behavioral attitudes of a “responsible citizen” made it possible to assess the norms of behavior of the population and their readiness to act. Based on people's opinions, a rating of the relevance of measures to improve the environmental situation in the city of Izhevsk and the Urals was formed. As a result, an assessment of ecological culture is given by segments in the “cognition-feeling-action” model and illustrated graphically.

Exploring the interplay of parenting styles, basic empathy, domestic violence, and bystander behavior in adolescent school bullying: a moderated mediation analysis.

This study investigates how parental styles, basic empathy, and family violence influence adolescents' bystander behaviors in school bullying. A survey was conducted with 1,067 students from three middle schools in southern China. Multifactor logistic regression and a moderated mediation model were employed to analyze the relationships between positive and negative parental styles, basic empathy, and bystander behaviors. The study found significant correlations and predictive relationships: Positive parental styles were strongly associated with increased basic empathy (r= 0.29, p < 0.01) and behaviors that protect victims (r = 0.29, p < 0.01). In contrast, negative parental styles correlated positively with behaviors that support bullying (r = 0.12, p < 0.01) and instances of family violence (r = 0.62, p < 0.01). Basic empathy negatively predicted behaviors that promote bullying (β= -0.098, p < 0.01) and positively predicted protective behaviors toward victims (β = 0.249, p < 0.001). Furthermore, family violence weakened the positive effects of positive parental styles on both empathy (β = -0.075, p < 0.001) and protective behaviors (β = -0.025, p < 0.01). The findings indicate that positive parental styles indirectly promote adolescents' victim protector behaviors by enhancing their basic empathy, underscoring the importance of emotional cultivation. Meanwhile, family violence weakens the positive impact of these parental styles on basic empathy and protective behaviors, harming adolescents' emotional security and behavioral norms.

The relationship of the source of punishment and personality traits with investment and punishment in a public goods game

In this study, we investigated the motivations behind punishing individuals who exploit common resources, a phenomenon crucial for resource preservation. While some researchers suggest punishment stems from concern for the common good, others propose it is driven by anger toward free riders. To probe these motivations, we developed a modified public goods game in which participants had the option to use their own money or the money from the common pool to punish free riders. The analysis included choice behavior, mouse trajectories, and personality traits like anger, empathy, and altruism. According to our results, investments were highest, and punishment was strongest if participants could punish using credits from the common pool, indicating that this is the preferred option to diminish free riding and maintain cooperation in public goods and common good contexts. Also, punishment was highest if the punisher’s own investment was high, and the investment of others was low. Concerning traits, highly altruistic individuals tended to invest more and punish less in general but gave harsher punishments when they did choose to use the common pool punitively. Conversely, trait anger and trait empathy were linked to low investment while trait empathy also tended to be related to lower punishment. Taken together, these findings underscore the role of situational factors and personality traits in fostering cooperative behavior and shaping societal norms around costly punishment.

PENINGKATAN KINERJA KARYAWAN MELALUI BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN DISIPLIN KERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT PLN INDONESIA POWER UBP SURALAYA KOTA CILEGON

Human resources are the main asset for a company. Resources that have intellect, feelings, desires, abilities, and skills. All potential human resources greatly affect efforts to achieve the goals of an organization. So that between the organization and the individual in it is an unusual talent to be separated. Because the role of human resources is very important for an organization. Discussing cultural issues itself is essential for an organization or company, because it will always be related to the life in the organization. Organizational culture is a philosophy, ideology, values, assumptions, beliefs, hopes, attitudes and norms that are shared and binding in a certain community. Why is organizational culture important, because it is the habits that occur in the organizational hierarchy that represent the norms of behavior that are followed by the members of the organization. A productive culture is one that can make an organization strong and the company's goals can be accommodated.This study aims to find out the Improvement of Employee Performance through Organizational Culture and Employee Work Discipline at PT PLN Indonesia Power UBP Suralaya, Cilegon City.The method used in this study is the method of causal associative and by using a quantitative approach. The data collection technique used is by distributing questionnaires, with a population of 93 employees. The sampling technique uses a saturated sampling technique where all members of the population are sampled.The results of this study show that based on the results of the T test of Organizational Culture that obtained a value of tcount greater than ttable (3.148 &gt; 1.986) with a significance value of less than 0.05 Partially, there is an influence of organizational culture on employee performance. So H0 was rejected and Ha was accepted. Work discipline value tcount greater than ttable (3,480 &gt; 1,986) with a significance value of less than 0.05. So there is a partial Influence of Work Discipline on Employee Performance. So H0 rejected and Ha Accepted. Grade Fcount of 9.775 this result was then compared to Ftable. With a significant level (α) of 0.000, and df: n-k-1 = 93-2-1 = 90, the value f can be obtainedtable by 3.10. Because of the F gradecount 9.775 greater than ftable 3.10, then Ha is accepted.The conclusion in this study is that Organizational Culture and Work Discipline partially and simultaneously have a significant influence on Employee Performance at PT PLN Indonesia Power UBP Suralaya, Cilegon City.

How norms shape the evolution of prosocial behaviour–compassion, universalizability, reciprocity and equity: a C.U.R.E for social dilemmas

How cooperation evolves and persists widely remains an open problem for improving humanity across domains ranging from climate change to pandemic response. To shed light on how behavioural norms can resolve social dilemmas around cooperation, we present a formal mathematical model of individuals’ decision making under general social norms, encompassing a variety of concerns and motivations an individual may have beyond simply maximizing their own payoff. Using the canonical Prisoner’s dilemma, we compare four norms: compassion, universalizability, reciprocity and equity, to determine which, if any, social forces can facilitate the evolution of cooperation. We analyse our model through a variety of limiting cases, including weak selection, low mutation and large population sizes. This is complemented by computer simulations of population dynamics via a Fisher process, which confirm our theoretical results. We find that the first two norms lead to the emergence of cooperation in a wide range of games, but the latter two cannot. Owing to our framework’s generality, it can be used to investigate many other norms, and how norms themselves evolve. Our work complements recent work on fair-minded learning dynamics and provides a useful bottom-up perspective into understanding the impact of top-down social norms on collective cooperative intelligence.

КОМПАРАТИВНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ СОЦИОКУЛЬТУРНЫХ И РЕЛИГИОЗНО-ЭТИЧЕСКИХ АСПЕКТОВ ВОСПИТАНИЯ МОЛОДЁЖИ ВОСТОКА

The article presents a comparative analysis of the socio-cultural and religious-ethical aspects of youth upbringing in the East. The study covers the key elements shaping educational practices in various Eastern societies. The main focus is on the influence of these religious and cultural traditions on the formation of values, norms of behavior and social interaction among young people

Rules (And the Lack of Rules) About Pornography Use Among Heterosexual Couples

ABSTRACT Pornography use has become a normative sexual behavior. Despite this, little is known about how romantic couples navigate, discuss, or create boundaries and rules about pornography use in their relationship. Using short-answer qualitative responses from 3385 individuals in heterosexual romantic relationships, this study examined common themes in the rules and boundaries created by couples about pornography use. Results from a content analysis of all responses suggested that most individuals reported no specific rules or a lack of discussion of rules centered on pornography in their relationship. When individuals did report rules, these rules tended to focus on restrictions on pornography use based on the context and content of pornography itself or specific contexts of the relationship that would allow or disallow pornography use to occur. In general, results suggested that many couples lacked frequent communication and discussion about rules and boundaries centered on pornography use in their relationship, despite how common this behavior is. Implications for relationship quality and well-being are discussed.

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) behavioral phenotypes are not underscored by different gut microbiomes.

Although bold and shy behavioral phenotypes in zebrafish (Danio rerio) have been selectively bred and maintained over multiple generations, it is unclear if they are underscored by different gut microbiota. Using the microbiota-gut-brain concept, we examined the relationship between gut microbiota and the behavioral phenotypes within this model animal system to assess possible gut microbe-mediated effects on host behavior. To this end, we amplified and sequenced 16S rRNA gene amplicons from the guts of bold and shy zebrafish individuals using the Illumina Miseq platform. We did not record any significant differences in within-group microbial diversity nor between-group community composition of the two behavioral phenotypes. Interestingly, though not statistically different, we determined that the gut microbial community of the bold phenotype was dominated by Burkholderiaceae, Micropepsaceae, and Propionibacteriaceae. In contrast, the shy phenotype was dominated by Beijerinckaceae, Pirelullacaeae, Rhizobiales_Incertis_Sedis, and Rubinishaeraceae. The absence of any significant difference in gut microbiome profiles between the two phenotypes would suggest that in this species, there might exist a stable core gut microbiome, regardless of behavioral phenotypes, and possibly, a limited role for the gut microbiota in modulating this selected-for host behavior. This study characterized the gut microbiomes of distinct innate behavioral phenotypes of the zebrafish (that are not considered dysbiotic states) and did not rely on antibiotic or probiotic treatments to induce changes in behavior. Such studies are crucial to our understanding of the modulating impacts of the gut microbiome on normative animal behavior.

Корпоративна культура та її вплив на розвиток підприємства

The work examines and defines the essence of the “corporate culture of an enterprise” and defines this economic category. It has been established that corporate culture is a tool of organizational activity, with the help of which the enterprise forms its successes and achievements, as well as employees’ reactions to these achievements through the ideas, values, and thoughts that prevail within the team. It is noted that the management of the enterprise should adjust and adapt the methods of conducting corporate culture to the values and priorities of the personnel of their enterprises. After all, human capital plays the leading role in the efficient operation of the enterprise. The stages of implementation of corporate culture at enterprises are presented. It has been established that management, when planning the stages of corporate culture implementation at enterprises, should consider the atmosphere that has developed within the team, and from this, already determine fundamental values and beliefs, form norms of behavior and standards of the enterprise, and implement motivational measures for its employees. The principles of corporate culture are defined. General and principles of corporate culture are distinguished. The importance of using the principles of the corporate culture of enterprises, which provide for the consistency of the tasks of the mission and the strategic goals of development of both personnel and the enterprise, which will ensure a high level of competitiveness in a changing environment, is substantiated. It is proved that during the period of the Russian-Ukrainian war, it is necessary to consider both the internal factors of the development of corporate culture and the changes that take place in society, and only such an approach will ensure the balance of all participants in market relations. The influence of corporate culture on the development of the enterprise was studied. Factors influencing the corporate culture of the enterprise are considered. Keywords: corporate culture, enterprise, development, stages, influence, personnel, essence.

Exploring diachronic variation in discernment politeness in Ancient Egyptian

Abstract In this paper, we investigate evidence of diachronic variation in patterns of Discernment Politeness in letters written in the ancient Egyptian Old Kingdom (c. 2300–2200 bce) and Late Ramesside period (c. 1099–1069 bce). We present examples of requests, information acts and honorifics used in these letters, predominantly those letters sent by subordinates to their superiors, to explore how this relationship dynamic is linguistically indexed. Our evidence shows that throughout the Old and New Kingdoms, communicative acts were regulated by behavioural norms dependent on power structures rather than individual volition, with Power being the most dominant social variable. Finally, we argue that Discernment is a key approach for exploring politeness in texts from ancient Egypt, supporting current research on the topic, and that the approach used here for the ancient Egyptian material has wider applicability for diachronic linguistic analyses of remote civilisations which are highly hierarchical.

The New Satanic Panic

Abstract A moral panic animated by conspiracy theories alleging ritual sex abuse swept through the United States in the 1980s. During that “Satanic Panic,” as it came to be known, people expressed fears of social change regarding gender and sexuality. Beginning in 2022, conservative politicians, pundits, and pastors in the United States levied similar accusations of child grooming, sex trafficking, and satanic sex abuse at the LGBTQ + community, teachers, liberals, and entertainment companies; these accusations were accompanied by repressive legislation and violence. Despite their political salience, little is known about the people who believe these accusations. Using a 2022 U.S. national survey (N = 2,001), we find that up to one-third of Americans believe accusations of satanic cult abuse, government sex trafficking, and an “agenda” to “groom” children into gay or trans lifestyles. These beliefs are correlated with a range of political attitudes (e.g., positive views of Donald Trump, Vladimir Putin, and white nationalists) and policy preferences (e.g., overturning Roe v. Wade), as well as with normative (e.g., a desire to run for political office) and nonnormative (e.g., the acceptance of political violence) political intentions and behaviors. Regression analysis further reveals that these conspiracy theory beliefs are positively associated with dark psychological traits, antiestablishment orientations, and repressive views toward sex and gender. Our findings suggest that these accusations can spark dehumanization and deadly violence by mobilizing into politics people who possess strong feelings of political efficacy, but also antisocial traits, nonnormative tendencies, and a desire to undermine established political institutions.

A Delphi Method Exploration of Performance Pressures and Ethical Leadership Compromises in Business Organizations

A deep understanding of the dynamics between performance pressures and ethical leadership becomes crucial in an era of stressful economic recovery. This research explores the complex relationship between organizational performance pressures and ethical leadership, focusing on how these pressures impact ethical decision-making and the challenges of maintaining ethical integrity in demanding environments. Employing a convenience sampling method and the rank-type Delphi method, the study engaged 40 experts from both academic and practical fields to identify and rank key performance pressures that compromise ethical leadership. Significant pressures identified include the imperative to generate positive financial reports, achieve greater efficiency, withstand competitive pressures, and pursue aggressive growth strategies, all eroding ethical leadership. These pressures lead to unethical practices, such as falsifying financial reports, exploiting working conditions, unfair competition, and aggressive merger and acquisition tactics. The findings underscore the critical need for leaders to recognize and manage these pressures effectively to foster an environment conducive to ethical leadership. This study contributes valuable insights into the mechanisms by which performance pressures undermine ethical leadership and highlights the importance of cultivating a culture that promotes normative behavior and addresses ethical challenges, thereby enriching the existing body of knowledge on organizational ethics and leadership.

Climate change education through the lens of behavioral economics: A systematic review of studies on observed behavior and social norms

We conduct a systematic review (SR) of the empirical literature on Climate Change Education (CCE) through the lens of behavioral economics. We focus on the effects of educational interventions on actual behaviors or beliefs regarding the prevalence or social acceptability of these behaviors. We identify 86 studies evaluating CCE interventions. Most of them employ pre-post evaluations, which are more susceptible to demand effects and social desirability bias. Almost all report positive effects in terms of pro-environmental outcomes. Only 19 studies look at the effects of CCE on actual behavior (mainly on recycling, trashing or energy saving) or norm-related beliefs. Most interventions involve activities aimed at engaging learners. Others focus on nudges (like stickers or posters). A minority is based on lectures, deliberative discussions, or science-based interactions. The SR reveals important gaps in the literature and potential tensions that can inform future research in behavioral ecological economics.

“Traitors to Their Profession”: Popular Media and the Repudiation of Sakaki Yasusaburō’s Rejuvenation Study in the 1920s

In 1921, Sakaki Yasusaburō, a professor of psychiatry at Kyushu Imperial University, introduced to Japanese audiences a rejuvenation method invented by the Austrian physiologist Eugen Steinach. Four years later, Sakaki was forced to resign from his position due to an embezzlement scandal, leading to the academic repudiation of his rejuvenation studies. This paper investigates the reasons behind this decline and identifies the role of popular media in shaping the professional identities of biomedical researchers in post-WWI Japan. It argues that a series of confrontations concerning the rules and norms of academic behavior that eventually led to Sakaki being labeled a “traitor” to his profession was as much influenced by the popular media as by considerations of scientific rigor. Highlighting the previously understudied interaction between popular media and its impact on the professionalization of biomedical research in modern Japan, this paper reveals the active and multiple roles that popular media plays in determining legitimate research topics and appropriate conduct for biomedical researchers.

Foot care behaviours and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study.

As numerous studies highlighted the importance of maintaining proper foot care (FC) behaviours among individuals with diabetes to prevent complications, we sought to assess FC behaviours among patients with diabetes and to identify the factors associated with the practice of diabetic FC. We used a cross-sectional design and collected data through self-reported questionnaires administered to a sample of 586 patients from five medical centres. We conducted descriptive and inferential analyses to explore the relationships between potential risk and protective factors and FC behaviours. Overall, 429 individuals (73.2%) had good FC behaviours, while 157 (26.8%) displayed poor FC behaviours. Furthermore, we identified eight influencing factors on FC behaviours, including smoking status, the availability of a caregiver, the presence of diabetic foot ulcers, amputation history, FC knowledge, subjective norms in diabetes self-care behaviour, diabetes-related stress, and quality of life index values. The logistic regression analysis showed that current smokers were 60% less likely to practice good FC compared to non-smokers (odds ratio (OR) = 0.40; 95%; confidence interval (CI) = 0.22-0.73). Having a caregiver decreased the likelihood of practicing good FC by 50% (OR = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.33-0.84), while having diabetic foot ulcers doubled it (OR = 2.65; 95% CI = 1.26-5.54). Additionally, more FC knowledge increased the likelihood by 20% (OR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.10-1.33), and higher diabetes-related stress increased it by 1.03 times (OR = 1.03; 95% CI = 1.02-1.05). Our findings underscore the interplay of various factors influencing FC behaviours among individuals with diabetes and call for targeted interventions and tailored strategies to improve FC practices in this vulnerable population.

“We can't be too saintly”: Why members of parliament in the United Kingdom are reluctant to lead by example with low-carbon behaviour

Low-carbon behaviour change from individuals is both essential for meeting climate change targets and highly politically contentious. Shifting away from activities such as flying, driving and meat eating can greatly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, yet political leaders have avoided introducing policies to stimulate this for fear of alienating voters and confronting political orthodoxies. This article examines low-carbon behaviour change through the novel lens of individual leadership and leading by example. Applying threories of credibility enhancing displays (CREDs) and embodied leadership, we present evidence from 19 interviews with UK members of parliament (MPs), exploring how they think leading by example may affect their credibility as democratic representatives. We find that MPs believe leading by example is important as a general principle but is problematic when it comes to low-carbon behaviour. While some MPs do deliberately model sustainable behaviours to maintain credibility as climate advocates, they tend to do this quietly for fear of negative reactions from the media, political rivals, and constituents. MPs say modelling low-carbon behaviour may be perceived as a threat to individual freedoms, such as flying for holidays, and risks disapproval from local business interests related to high-carbon activities, such as car manufacturers or the airline industry. Even pro-climate MPs tend to frame low-carbon behaviour as “extreme”, and position themselves in contrast to this extreme, thus perpetuating social and moral norms of high-carbon behaviour. We discuss how individual politicians form part of a systemic resistance to low-carbon behaviour change.

A Brief Alcohol Intervention (BAI) to reduce alcohol use and improve PrEP outcomes among men who have sex with men in Vietnam: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundIn Vietnam and other global settings, men who have sex with men (MSM) have become the population at greatest risk of HIV infection. Although HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been implemented as a prevention strategy, PrEP outcomes may be affected by low persistence and adherence among MSM with unhealthy alcohol use. MSM have a high prevalence of unhealthy alcohol use in Vietnam, which may affect PrEP outcomes.MethodsDesign: We will conduct a two-arm hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation randomized controlled trial of a brief alcohol intervention (BAI) compared to the standard of care (SOC) at the Sexual Health Promotion (SHP) clinic Hanoi, Vietnam.Participants: Sexually active MSM (n=564) who are newly initiating PrEP or re-initiating PrEP and have unhealthy alcohol use will be recruited and randomized 1:1 to the SOC or BAI arm. A subgroup of participants (n=20) in each arm will be selected for longitudinal qualitative interviews; an additional subset (n=48) in the BAI arm will complete brief quantitative and qualitative interviews after completion of the BAI to assess the acceptability of the intervention. Additional implementation outcomes will be assessed through interviews with clinic staff and stakeholders (n=35).Intervention: Study participants in both arms will receive standard care for PrEP clients. In the BAI arm, each participant will receive two face-to-face intervention sessions and two brief booster phone sessions, based on cognitive behavioral therapy and delivered in motivational interviewing informed style, to address their unhealthy alcohol use.Outcomes: Effectiveness (PrEP and alcohol use) and cost-effectiveness outcomes will be compared between the two arms. Intervention implementation outcomes (acceptability, feasibility, adoption) will be assessed among MSM participants, clinic staff, and stakeholders.DiscussionThis proposed trial will assess an alcohol intervention for MSM with unhealthy alcohol use who initiate or re-initiate PrEP, while simultaneously preparing for subsequent implementation. The study will measure the effectiveness of the BAI for increasing PrEP persistence through reducing unhealthy alcohol use in a setting where excessive alcohol consumption is a normative behavior. If effective, implementation-focused results will inform future scale-up of the BAI in similar settings.Trial registrationNCT06094634 on clinicaltrials.gov. Registered 16 October 2023.

What influences the implementation of clinical guidelines related to enteral nutrition in the intensive care unit: A mixed-methods systematic review.

To systematically evaluate and analyse literature concerning the factors influencing the implementation of clinical practice guidelines related to enteral nutrition in the adult intensive care unit. Guidelines serve as crucial tools for guiding clinical practice. However, a significant gap persists between current clinical practice and guidelines pertaining to enteral nutrition. It is essential to identify the reasons behind this disparity to foster clinical transformation. A mixed-methods systematic review. A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane, PsycINFO and CNKI databases to identify impediments and facilitators to the implementation of ICU clinical practice guidelines related to enteral nutrition. The types of studies included quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies. The search spanned from January 2003 to January 2024 and was updated in May 2024. The quality assessment of the included literature was conducted using the Mixed-Methods Study Evaluation Tool (MMAT). Data analysis was performed using a data-based convergent integration approach. The protocol for this study was prospectively registered (PROSPERO2023, CRD42023483287). Twenty papers were finally included, and 65 findings were extracted, integrating a total of three categories, Category 1: healthcare provider factors, including three sub-themes: knowledge of guideline-related knowledge and awareness of guideline application; social/professional roles and identity domains; beliefs, attitudes and self-efficacy; collaboration, Category 2: practice environments, including two sub-themes: environmental factors and resource areas; systems and behavioural norms, Category 3: patient values and nutritional support preferences including two sub-themes: patient disease status and value orientation. Healthcare professionals should analyse obstacles and facilitators to guideline implementation from multiple perspectives, strengthen healthcare collaboration, improve education and training systems, correct misperceptions and increase awareness of evidence-based practice.

Research on Agricultural Machinery Services for the Purpose of Promoting Conservation Agriculture: An Evolutionary Game Analysis Involving Farmers, Agricultural Machinery Service Organizations and Governments

Agricultural machinery services are an important guaranteed way to promote Conservation Agriculture. It is of great significance to study how to encourage farmers to choose agricultural machinery services to promote the standard implementation of Conservation Agriculture technology. In order to promote the implementation of Conservation Agriculture and improve the supply of agricultural machinery services, this paper identifies the stakeholders of normative Conservation Agriculture technology adoption behavior and the relationship between agricultural machinery service organizations, farmers and agriculture-related governments. An evolutionary game model was established to evaluate the decision-making characteristics of tripartite behavior and simulate the evolution trend of stakeholder behavior. The results show that agriculture-related governments, agricultural machinery service organizations and farmers can achieve evolutionarily stable strategies. The punishments and subsidies of agriculture-related governments and the supervision cost of all links of agricultural machinery social service organizations can significantly affect the behavior strategies of the three parties. The government set up reasonable subsidy and punishment mechanisms, and the agricultural machinery service organization controls the supervision cost of all links to ensure the stability of the three-party behavior strategy. This study provides theoretical guidance for scientific decision making and active cooperative development of the government, farmers and agricultural machinery service organizations and lays a foundation for countermeasures and suggestions to further promote farmers’ implementation of Conservation Agriculture technology.