Non-verbal Means Of Communication Research Articles

Verbal and Non-Verbal Means of Communication During Some Investigatory Actions, Including Those with the Participation of Minors

The author stresses that there are numerous approaches to defining the concept and classifying investigatory actions, however, this question is still subject to discussions. It should be noted that the procedural specifics of conducting investigatory actions involving certain categories of criminal proceedings’ participants are still paid little attention at the legislative level. Investigative actions of verbal character are a specific problem area. The core of the contents and nature of verbal investigatory actions is the speech method of conveying information, in other words, the crime scene is recreated using speech forms. Besides, it should be accepted that it is also possible to obtain information through non-speech means of communication, known by the term non-verbal communication, when conducting investigatory actions of this type.

The Appreciation of Nature for the Design Creativity on Songket Weaving Cloth

Symbol is a means of non-verbal communication which is generally used in culture. The use of symbols is for the needs of expressing cultural elements possessed by an ethnic or even a nation. For example, various symbols are used on songket weaving cloth and the symbols are interpreted having different meaning based on the cultural background of the people where the songket weaving cloth is produced. This is qualitative research focuses on the symbols and meaning delivered on the design of Balinese songket weaving cloth. The research uses observation method and deep interviews for data collection. Theories of linguistic semantic and linguistic semiotic are applied for the need of the analysis. The analysis highlights on the type and meaning of symbols. The results show there are five classifications of symbol based on the motif design. The interpreted meaning of every symbol is generally to the nature appreciation since the artists life is very close to nature.

Особливості врегулювання крос-культурних конфліктів в процесі здійснення зовнішньоекономічної діяльності

Any violations or problems in the establishment of cross-cultural communication in the organiza-tion can become the causes of potential conflicts. Therefore, for their prevention or faster solving, it is important to understand the possible causes of their occurrence. Problems related to the establishment of cross-cultural communication can be: the use of cultural filters when forming an opinion about foreign counterparties; insufficient level of tolerance towards part-ners or clients; incorrect use of verbal and non-verbal means of communication; the establishment of new connections may depend on the degree of implementation of the principles of social responsibility, as this indicates the reliability of the business entity. Conventionally, all problems of cross-cultural interaction can be divided into two groups: conducting negotiations with international business partners and commu-nication within the organization. Usually, cross-cultural conflict during business negotiations arises for two main reasons. First, when dealing with cultural differences, partners quite often rely on stereotypes. Stereotypes are often de-rogatory and can lead to distorted expectations about the opponent's behavior and potentially misinterpre-tations. The second most common cause of intercultural misunderstandings is the tendency to interpret the behavior, values, and beliefs of others through the lens of one's own culture. To overcome this tendency, it is important to learn as much as possible about the culture of the foreign partner's side. The classification of business cultures by Richard Lewis can help to better navigate the character-istics of different cultures, comparing one with another and identifying common and distinctive features. This method is useful for planning cooperation with new counterparties in order to minimize the risk of potential conflicts due to unfamiliarity with the foreign partner. Before starting each negotiation, especially if they take place with new counterparties, it is neces-sary to process an array of information about cross-cultural differences. It is thanks to this measure that the probability of cross-cultural conflict can be minimized. And when a dispute arises, the company's team still needs to review its training, because in most cases, knowing cultural characteristics and being able to use them correctly is the key to solving the problem. For the effective resolution of conflicts, it is worth using the recommended strategy for resolving cross-cultural conflicts in the company in the process of foreign economic activity.

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF MEANS OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION IN UKRAINIAN AND VIETNAMESE CULTURES (ON THE MATERIAL OF A FILM STORY «POEM ABOUT THE SEA» BY O. P. DOVZHENKO)

The purpose of this article is to identify and compare non-verbal means of communication in Ukrainian and Vietnamese traditions based on the film story «Poem about the Sea» by O. P. Dovzhenko and its translation into Vietnamese. The object of the research is linguistic units indicating non-verbal behavior in Ukrainian and Vietnamese traditions, as presented in this film and its Vietnamese translation. The subject of the research is the general and personal features of perception and the use of gestures, facial expressions, gaze, intona- tions, and other non-verbal means in the process of communication. Compara- tive, semantic, cognitive, linguistic, and cultural analyses, paraverbal analysis, and the descriptive method are applied. As a result, their pragmatic meanings were determined, signs of similarities and differences, features of translation, and correlations based on the level of equivalence in artistic works were identified. A number of equivalent, background, and non-equivalent means in Ukrainian and Vietnamese languages were revealed. Conclusions and prospects of the study. Non-verbal language reflects the national character and each nation can have its own characteristics. In the works of fiction, the translator and the editor tried to convey the non-verbal behavior of the characters in such a way that the equiva- lent situations and units that most adequately convey the behavior of people of another culture in the Vietnamese language prevailed. The linguistic realiza- tion of non-verbal means is described by means of verbal means such as verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs, and accompanied by epithets, metaphors, idioms and punctuation marks. Understanding the ethnocultural features of non-verbal language is necessary for an adequate understanding of Ukrainian-Vietnamese communication and for those who work on translations of literary texts from Ukrainian to Vietnamese and vice versa. In today’s world, this field of research is becoming more and more relevant and promising

KINESICAL MEANS OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION OF CHARACTERS IN POLISH AND VIETNAMESE LINGUOCULTURES (BASED ON POLISH-VIETNAMESE LITERARY TRANSLATIONS)

KINESICAL MEANS OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION OF CHARACTERS IN POLISH AND VIETNAMESE LINGUOCULTURES (BASED ON POLISH-VIETNAMESE LITERARY TRANSLATIONS)

Dog-whistling and democracy

Despite our fascination with dog-whistling, neither dog-whistling itself, nor the relationship between dog-whistling and democracy are well understood. This article separates the content from the technique of dog-whistling and develops a more precise conceptualisation of that phenomenon in order to untangle the ambiguity about it. Dog-whistling, it argues, should not be reduced to racism or verbal communication tactics but can be combined with various different worldviews, and can encompass a multiplicity of verbal and non-verbal communicative means which surreptitiously nudge or wink at a specific subgroup. Contra the prevalent conviction that dog-whistling is antithetical to democracy in toto, the article suggests that some manifestations of that phenomenon constitute a ‘lesser vice’ vis-à-vis a politics of zealous candour, and an ineluctable feature of democratic politics. This recognition has important implications for democratic theory, and recent lamentations that ours is an age of moral crisis, marked by the rise of post-truth politics.

The Role of Gestures in Communication

Because it plays such a very significant role in the life of every human being, it is difficult to imagine a world without communication. After all, communication, both verbally and nonverbally, has occurred and evolved between people since the dawn of humankind. As it is, during communicative interaction, verbal contact is supplemented with non-verbal information, laying the foundation for full-fledged communication. That means that nonverbal communication is an essential aspect of speech communication because it can either greatly increase the semantic meaning of a word or significantly weaken it. Moreover, non-verbal means of communication are typically expressive and laconic and greatly increase the possibilities of communication between people. That being said, one of the most commonly used non-verbal communications is gestures. In communication, gestures accompany speech or replace it. Gestures include movement of the hands, face, or other body parts, and each person uses various motions in communication to convey his thoughts. The gestures we use in daily communication add to a language’s vocabulary and syntax. Furthermore, a gesture is more expressive than a unit of verbal language. With this in mind, this article discusses the various aspects of non-verbal communication and provides examples of typical gestures a person uses in everyday communication. This study consisted of 50 students ranging in age from 17 to 25 years old and aimed to reveal what types of gestures are used much more frequently by young people in everyday life.

ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЕ ВЕРБАЛЬНЫХ И НЕВЕРБАЛЬНЫХ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩИХ НА ВОСПРИЯТИЕ КРЕОЛИЗОВАННОГО ТЕКСТА

One of the urgent problems of modern cognitive linguistics is the problem of text reception, the question of its semantic perception is raised, in addition, it should be noted that it has not yet been established in what form the verbal and nonverbal components of the text are stored in human memory. It should be noted that in recent years, interest in the visual presentation of information, including non-verbal means of communication, has increased even more due to the requirements of modern social media focused on clip-based rapid delivery of polycode information, which, as a rule, do not require concentration of attention, but can have a clip-based surface effect on the audience's thinking. As a result, there were works devoted not to the traditional linguistics of the text, but to the linguistics of a polycode, semiotically complicated text, in which creolized texts (CT) became the object of research. Creolized texts are texts consisting of verbal and nonverbal (illustrative) parts, later the term multimodal text appeared. It should be noted, however, that researchers studying creolized texts, as a rule, are limited only to studying the relationship between the verbal and nonverbal (iconic) parts of the text. As you know, at the moment a comprehensive study of the impact assessment of the creolized text has not yet developed. Thus, the problem brought up for consideration in this article is the problem of semantic perception of a creolized text (CT) consisting of an image and a word.

Teaching categories via examples and explanations

People often learn categories through interaction with knowledgeable others who may use verbal explanations, visual exemplars, or both, to share their knowledge. Verbal and nonverbal means of pedagogical communication are commonly used in conjunction, but their respective roles are not fully understood. In this work, we studied how well these modes of communication work with different category structures. We conducted two experiments to investigate the effect of perceptual confusability and stimulus dimensionality on the effectiveness of verbal, exemplar-based, and mixed communication. One group of participants – teachers – learned a categorization rule and prepared learning materials for the students. Students studied the materials prepared for them and then demonstrated their knowledge on test stimuli. All communication modes were generally successful, but not equivalent, with mixed communication consistently showing best results. When teachers were free to generate as many visual exemplars or words as they wish, verbal and exemplar-based communication showed similar performance, although the verbal channel was slightly less reliable in situations requiring high perceptual precision. At the same time, verbal communication was better suited to handling high-dimensional stimuli when communication volume was restricted. We believe that our work serves as an important step towards studying language as a means for pedagogical category leaning.

USTADZAH FASHION STYLE AS NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION AT THE AL-IMAN PUTRI PONDOK PESANTREN PONOROGO

Fashion Style is a form of nonverbal communication. The clothes a person wears can interpret themselves as well as show personality characteristics. The purpose of this study is to explain the purpose of using ustadzah Fashion Style at Al-Iman Putri Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School, and analyze the meaning of Fashion Style used by ustadzah as a means of Nonverbal Communication at Al-Iman Putri Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Research data was collected by conducting interviews with informants, namely ustadzah Pondok Pesantren Al-Iman Putri who had qualifications as ustadzah who looked attractive and followed fashion trends. The results showed that the use of fashion to communicate nonverbally about his identity. Everyone tries to show their best side and unique side of themselves through the fashion they wear. Ustadzah Pondok Pesantren Al-Iman Putri uses fashion style with the goal: easier to identify, convey a form of self-expression, and the purpose of beauty. Nonverbal Communication through fashion style ustadzah Pondok Pesantren Al-Iman Putri Ponorogo is considered effective because it produces communication results. And from the fashion style displayed, they try to convey their identity, character, class and group.

NEURO-LINGUISTIC INTERRELATION OF VERBAL AND NO N-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

The research paper is dedicated to the neuro-linguistic study of the relationship between verbal and nonverbal communication. The authors differentiate the features of verbal and nonverbal communication and describe their relationship from the neuro-linguistic and psilinguistic points of view.The aim of the study is to prove on the basis of experiments the neuropsycholinguistic features of verbal and nonverbal communication, the main neurobiological reasons for their parallelism and synchronicity. The paper analyzes the conclusions and judgments of world and domestic scientists on the study of verbal and sign language at the intersection of cosmetology and neurobiology, semiotic sciences, on the synchronicity of verbal and nonverbal signs. In order to clarify the synchronicity of verbal language and non-verbal means of communication a number of experiments, neurolinguistic and psycholinguistic experiments were conducted by foreign neurolinguistic scientists and psychologists to verify scientific assumptions about the parallelism of speech and gestures. According to ballistic understanding, information exchange occurs only at the stages of planning a speech act and non-verbal movement, but as soon as they begin the communication process, the two systems become independent. As a result, the authors differentiated and determined the mutual influence, the ratio of verbal and nonverbal communication, synchronicity, and the close connection of language and gestures.

Communication and Engagement at an Online Russian as a Foreign Language Lesson: Finding Solutions Based on the RuTOC Corpus

The article deals with the current problems of organizing pedagogical interaction in a synchronous online lesson, which concern the criterion of students’ involvement. It offers an alternative view of pedagogical communication from the point of view of multimodal linguistics, which takes into account the semiotic component of online interaction of participants of the educational process. Due to the impossibility to broadcast online the same amount of non-verbal means of communication as in the classroom, and changing the parameter of visibility to its digital format, the search for possible compensatory means of communication has been intensified. Particular attention is paid to the applied aspects of the problem, namely the search for possible solutions based on the RuTOC corpus of online lessons in Russian as a foreign language: that is, what communicative strategies and non-verbal ways of interaction on the part of the teacher can contribute to greater involvement of students in the learning process due to its optimization and greater efficiency. Examples of visible interaction correlating with the principle of visibility in teaching Russian as a foreign language are given.

TRADITIONS OF NONVERBAL GREETINGS IN INTERCULTURAL SPACE

The behaviour of each person is determined by the values and norms of the culture and society in which he exists. They determine the verbal and non-verbal means of communication that people use in a certain situation. Since there are several cultures that are different from each other, the participants of the communication can also belong to different cultures. Belonging to the interlocutors in the same culture makes communication easier, but in different cultures it makes it much more difficult. The participants of normal interpersonal communication understand all verbal and non-verbal nuances. Knowledge of the non-verbal language of another nation is an essential component of intercultural communication and the very first step to establishing successful communication between representatives of different nations and cultures. Addressing a person tactlessly for a certain culture due to ignorance of non-verbal features can make communication impossible even before it begins. The article reveals the peculiarities of non-verbal communication as a necessary component of foreign language proficiency and one of the main components of intercultural competence. The category of politeness, which occupies one of the central places in the implementation of successful communication, is considered. A detailed analysis of non-verbal greeting signs characteristic of speakers of different languages and cultures was carried out, and their role in the intercultural communication was indicated. It was found that the most common forms of greeting are a handshake, a kiss, a hug, a greeting with a look, and a smile. In everyday polite and public-official communicative situations, greetings are closely related to bows, which are inherent in Eastern peoples. Little-known greeting gestures that are characterized only for certain peoples are also described in the manuscript. Non-verbal means of communication retain ethnic features, despite the development of international political, economic, and cultural ties, which promotes the interaction of national communication styles and forms uniform parameters of communication, including non-verbal communication. Therefore, you should use non-verbal means very carefully, even if they seem natural and understandable to everyone. Thus, mastery of non-verbal means of communication and knowledge of their features in different cultures contributes to the development of intercultural competence of a person in the modern globalized world. Mastering a foreign verbal communication system, that is, a foreign language, should be supplemented by mastering non-verbal communication skills in order to promote more effective and conflict-free communication between representatives of different countries. Key words: intercultural communication, language, non-verbal communication, gesture, greeting.

INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF LOCAL WISDOM WEDDING PROCESSES IN CULTURE OF PUSAR VILLAGE, BATURAJA SUB-DISTRICT OGAN KOMERING ULU DISTRICT

Culture is a knowledge system that includes a system of ideas contained in the human mind, so that in everyday life culture is abstract. The wedding procession with sacrifice, the slaughter of a scapegoat for the people of Pusar Village is one of the traditions owned by the people of Pusar Village, Baturaja District. The approach used in the meaning of verbal and nonverbal communication in a series of marriage processions with sacrifices, the slaughter of scapegoats uses symbolic interaction theory, symbolic interaction theory holds that individuals form the same meaning through communication. The method used is descriptive qualitative method. In collecting data, conducting in-depth interviews (Depth Interview) to key informants, the selected informants are people who are considered to know and understand the problems studied. The results of the analysis in this study are marriage processions with sacrifices, slaughtering scapegoats in Pusar Village there are forms of verbal communication and nonverbal communication contained in every series of marriage processions with sacrifices, slaughtering scapegoats including prayer. The prayer delivered by the traditional leader and followed by the family holding a wedding ceremony aims to request permission to hold a wedding ceremony and share happiness with the ancestors. After taking turns praying, the family waters the graves of their ancestors with the water that has been provided. From the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that in every series of wedding processions with sacrifices, the slaughter of a scapegoat has a meaning that has been believed by the people of Pusar Village itself. It is hoped that the people of OKU Regency can participate in preserving the existing culture and arts. Especially in the cultural arts of the wedding procession with sacrifice, the slaughter of this scapegoat.

Французский язык цифровой коммуникации: условия формирования и основные характеристики

The study aims to identify the features of virtual communication using the example of the French language. The researchers determine the main phonetic, lexical and syntactic transformations driven by the primary principle of digital communication: to convey maximum information with a minimum of linguistic effort. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it systematises previously obtained separate information on the nature and conditions of the formation of a new cyberspace language, the so-called cyberlanguage, shows the conditions and ways of its development and provides a classification for the components of the French language of virtual communication. As a result, the general characteristics of the formation of the French cyberlanguage, taking into account the historical development and influence of English linguoculture, as well as the classification of its characteristics at all levels of the language system, including phonetics, grammar, spelling, syntax and stylistics, also considering the use of non-verbal means of communication, are shown. The pragmatic orientation of language transformations associated with the reflection of the digital worldview is revealed.

Tools Of Non-Verbal Internet Communication

The purpose of the article is to study the tools of expressing non-verbal signals when communicating on the Internet. The research methodology involved the use of general scientific and special methods of cognition: analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, system-structural analysis. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time information on the main tools of non-verbal communication used in electronic messages has been summarized, in particular, the role of font, color, text background, means of spelling, punctuation, and iconic printed symbols in the transmission of emotions in Internet communication has been investigated. Conclusions. The unit of communication in Internet communication is an electronic message, the meaning of which the interlocutors can convey by both verbal (speech) and non-verbal means. In conditions of a shortage of non-verbal means of communication, additional network tools that ensure the transfer of an emotional component in Internet communication are means of creolization (color, font, colored or illustrated background of the text, means of punctuation, spelling and word formation, smileys, emojis, emoticons, memes, etc., graphic design of verbal text, etc.). A special role in non-verbal Internet communication is played by iconic printed symbols, among which smileys, emojis, and emoticons have gained great popularity, which are additional linguistic tools for strengthening messages in Internet communication and by themselves are unlikely to become a meaningful means of communication between two parties. This in no way diminishes the value of what they can offer, first of all, the opportunity for every average Internet user to include feelings and emotions in the text in a new, specific way. Secondly, communication in the form of emojis, smileys and emoticons can also perform a cognitive function, sometimes replacing a verbal message. Keywords: communication, Internet communication, non-verbal communication, creolization, emoji, smiley, emoticon, meme.

Verbal Means of Implementing Communication Strategies in English-Language Outdoor Advertising

The analysis of advertising texts is an interdisciplinary problem studied at the junction of various fields of knowledge, the pragmalinguistic analysis of advertising, among other things, is based on its understanding in psychology, philosophy, marketing, etc. The object of research is the texts of English–language outdoor advertising. The subject of the study is the strategic features of outdoor advertising texts, the main verbal means of expressing communicative attitudes in them. The author examines in detail the main characteristics of the outdoor advertising text, which is creolized in its structure, that is, such a text where verbal and nonverbal components create a single semantic whole and contribute to achieving the goals of advertising impact. The main theories of creation and realization of the influencing potential of advertising texts are considered. The main conclusion of the study is the conditionality of the choice of linguistic and non-verbal means of communication in the advertising discourse, depending on the communicative attitudes, both explicit and hidden. The author's contribution is a description of the classification of general and particular communicative strategies and tactics of the outdoor advertising text, among which strategies of a cooperative and non-cooperative nature are highlighted. The description of strategies is carried out through the analysis of the main linguistic means of creating an influencing effect in an advertising appeal. The novelty and relevance of the study is due to the inclusion of non-verbal components in the semantic fabric of the text, and, consequently, the need to apply new approaches to the analysis of such texts.

Non-verbal Communication as an Indicator of the Cultural and National Specificity of a Literary Text

The article is a description of the stylistic function of various means of non-verbal communication in literary texts. The authors objectify the idea that the mutual understanding of representatives of different ethnic groups involves both the acquisition of languages ​​and the awareness of cultural national codes that inform about native speakers and about the special ways of intercultural communication that are available. The scientific and practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the identification of national and cultural stereotypes of the mentality of ethnic groups in the modern globalized space is a socio-political, economic, psychological and historical factor in the formation of a nation as a linguistic community. The research methodology is based on a comparative analysis of Kazakh, Russian and non-linguistic forms of communication, the identification of full, partial equivalents in the compared languages ​​and the analysis of non-equivalent gestures, facial expressions, signs of non-verbal communication. The value of the study is determined by the understanding that non-verbal forms of communication capture and reflect the social and cultural experience of the linguocultural community, are reflected both in the universal, common for all mankind, and in the unique, national-cultural, picture of the world, characterize the common and peripheral core, reflecting the national and cultural specifics of the Kazakh and Russian philosophical worldview and showing a unique perception of the surrounding reality. The practical significance of the results of the work is determined by the possibility of introducing this material into the teaching of disciplines of postgraduate education (master's and doctoral studies), which are associated with cognitive, intercultural, linguoculturological aspects of language learning: «Ethnolinguoculturology», «Russian language and intercultural communication», «Theory and practice of intercultural communication».

Interpretation of Verbal and Non-Verbal Means of Multimodal Communication (Based on Speeches in the European Parliament)

The purpose of the study is to determine the linguistic and cultural specifics of verbal and non-verbal means and mechanisms of multimodal communication functioning in the European Parliament speeches and to interpret them within the framework of political discourse. The material of the study was five videos with public speeches in English, posted on the websites of the European Parliament. These videos are complexly organized products of multimodal interaction between the addresser and the addressee, the specificity of multimodality here consists in the simultaneous use of different nature manifestations in the same audio-visual space from the standpoint of semiotics with the help of various sensory modalities. The article deals with verbal and non-verbal (visual and prosodic) means of manipulation in political discourse. Most often in these European public speeches, there are such verbal means of manipulation as repetitions, sabotage against logic (they are also false analogies), emotional cathexis, the enemy image; less commonly expressive strike, everyday story and reorientation of attention are used. Repetitions are most often directly or indirectly conveying an emotional assessment of language units. The reorientation of attention is used by attracting the attention of recipients by some bright or unusual facts. The active use of non-verbal means of psychological manipulation (intonation, gestures, facial expressions) indicates a manifestation of aggression rather than creating an impression of friendliness and cooperation. The general strategy of presenting information in these videos is characterized by attracting the recipient attention with capacious “bait” phrases that cause a direct emotional response.

Consumers' body image expressions: Reflection of a Snow White or an Evil Queen.

The aim of this paper is to explore how minimal-self impacts the body image, projecting it as a reflection of one's approach toward their health and mental well-being. The study takes qualitative data from two countries India and Germany and draws on a qualitative study of 20 individuals who are involved in some kind of physical activity for a long time. This paper examines the body image perspectives from Grimms Brothers fairytale characters showcasing fit and healthy perspectives on Snow White side and projected and superfluous perspectives on Evil Queen side. The study also provides a model deciphering the rationale for both the reflections. The body image projection from Snow White perspectives (success & dedication, self-esteem, bodybuilding, and cosmetic surgery) relates to positive reflection of oneself with focus on fitness, discipline, and mental rejuvenation in life. Notably, Evil Queen perspectives (unrealistic makeover, dark side of social media, gain an edge over others, and mental benchmarking with fair skin) reveal these facets as motivators to equip their body as means of physical non-verbal communication assets. Analysis shows that there is no clear white or black view of health and fitness projection via body image but it's a gray line that gives wholesome fitness either a holistic mental peace or a competitive or success-oriented approach.