Non-verbal Means Of Communication Research Articles

Изразяване на учтивост/неучтивост при поздрав чрез паралингвистични средства

Verbal means used to express politeness/impoliteness are sometimes accompanied by non-verbal means of communication, which in certain cases and speech situations partially replace the verbal expression, or even drastically change the meaning of what was said. This study deals with the greetings which are commonly used in the beginning and at the end of verbal communication. Our attention is focused on the typical kinemes used in parallel to the speech act of greeting, such as gestures, facial expressions, postures, etc. The aim is to establish what etiquette kinetic signs (body language) were (was) used to express politeness/impoliteness while giving a verbal greeting in the beginning and at the end of everyday speech communication. For that purpose, we used a small portion of a survey conducted via web-based electronic form among 245 participants aged 18 to over 60. The results of the survey are presented in charts demonstrating the percentage of responses. The analysis summarizes the preferable kinemes used by the participants while verbally expressing politeness and impoliteness in greetings.

Пиктограммы как метод невербальной коммуникации для подростков с нарушением интеллектуального развития

The article deals with the main features of communication of children and adolescents with impaired intellec-tual development. A comparative study of the nonverbal alternative communication perception was conducted with the participation of adolescents with impaired intellectual development (N = 92) and with normal intelli-gence (N = 92). Participants were asked to perform a pictograph translation task in a verbal context. The results of the study of pictogram perception in a verbal context indicate passive thinking and impaired cognitive com-ponent of thinking in persons with impaired intellectual development. The analysis of oculomotor activity during pictogram perception suggests a shorter duration of the lexical processing activation. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that the effectiveness of nonverbal graphic means of communication for persons with impaired intel-lectual development is twofold: nonverbal means of communication are able to expand the communicative abilities of this group, but it is necessary to take into account their cognitive characteristics when using methods of graphic alternative communication.

Графічний дизайн в контексті культури смаків: освітньо-виховний потенціал

The article examines the place of graphic design in modern post-industrial society, extending beyond purely applied art and aspiring to play the role of an expert in the interiors of human existence, determining the social and cultural status of an individual. It is argued that graphic design, organically integrating into contexts and actively responding to the challenges of such a social-decorative phenomenon as fashion, plays a significant role in shaping taste culture. This attests to the multiplicity of ambivalent cultural manifestations of graphic design. Special attention is given to identifying the functional potential of graphic design in creating cross-cutting trends that, through non-verbal means of communication, can form and maintain social and cultural unity. In connection with this, an analysis of graphic design is carried out through the prism of philosophical communication, allowing the identification of graphic design as the most effective practice of nonverbal communication and information visualization in post-industrial society. It is determined that graphic design is capable not only of generating new meanings but also of creating communicative gaps. Given this specificity, the article particularly focuses on identifying the educational and upbringing potential of graphic design. It is demonstrated that the process of creating visual images and their subsequent interpretation by consumers of graphic information depends not only on the aesthetic taste, ethical beliefs, and humanistic orientation of the designer (visualizer) but also on their educational and upbringing potential. The necessity of strengthening humanistic orientations in modern Ukrainian design and art education is emphasized.

APPLICATION OF THE MOODLE LEARNING PLATFORM IN TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGES

The topic of using the Moodle learning platform in teaching foreign languages has become increasingly important in the context of the development of digital technologies in education and their integration into the learning process. The issue of teaching a foreign language lies in the effectiveness of learning activities by using verbal and non-verbal means of communication. The article aims to analyze the advantages and quality of using the Moodle learning platform for teaching a foreign language and the possibility of its further development in a dynamic educational environment. The research methodology is based on a critical analysis, evaluation of statistical information on using the digital learning platform, as well as the introduction of various deductive research methods on the prospects for further development. The paper analyzes theoretical approaches to foreign language teaching. The authors carried out a statistical analysis of the platform's global development and possible prospects for its further expansion. In addition, they outlined the factors of usage and spread of digital technologies as a plug-in for learning a foreign language. The study revealed the main benefits of using the Moodle digital learning platform as an interactive tool for teaching a foreign language. It also suggested key aspects of its improvement and possible ways of further development. The article focused on the issues of using digital platforms for remote communication between students and teachers to maintain the effectiveness of the educational process and the possibility of further improvement by introducing this platform into the educational process. The obtained research findings describe the current state of the platform's use along with its technological capabilities and advantages for teaching foreign languages.

Non-Verbal Communication of Metal Gong (Ukela) and Bamboo/Wooden Drum (Okpokro) in Ogba Traditional Setting

Communication is the process of passing on of information from one person/group to the other. It is the process by which one person or (a group) shares and imparts information to another person or (a group) shares and impact information to another person or (group) for better understanding. Therefore, it is the transfer of an understandable message hence it is an integral part of life. In Ogba, Ukela and Okpokro are clear means of information used locally just like emerging types of communication such as the internet, e-mail, facebook, and other modern means of communication. This paper explores this local non-verbal means of communication, with a view to strengthening the communication skills non-verbal without involving writing and speaking. The paper finds out that ‘Ukela’ and ‘Okpokro’ are used to disseminate information effectively. The Ogba people have the capabilities to decode the message of the metal gong Ukela and bamboo/wooden gong Okpokro and the innate ability to understand and interpret the message passed through the sounds; eliciting a possible feedback and effective communication. The study adopts the interview method for both primary and secondary data collection. Consequently, the purposive sampling technique is used to select the respondents and the primary and secondary data are qualitative in nature. This study finds out using popular culture and situational approach as a theoretical framework is apt. This paper strongly recommends this non-verbal means of communication for effective communication in the rural and uneducated population who can neither read nor write. The work therefore recommends the use of these non-verbal communication instruments in the locality given the high level of illiterate persons in the local settings in addition to the non-availability or epileptic supply of electricity in the rural environments.

THE SPECIFICS OF VERBAL COMMUNICATION OF YOUNG LEARNERS (BASED ON MATERIAL FROM POPULAR LITERATURE AND THEMED WEBSITES)

The paper offers a systemization of tools to study child discourse (thesaurus, text corpora, speech data and etc.). Modelling of linguistic activity involves various methods studying child speech at different stages of its development in connection with forming cognitive, social, psychological skills, and acquired gender stereotypes in communication. Establishment of a register for linguistic resources for child speech research is currently a relevant objective. In multimodal corpora, both linguistic and metalanguage material modeling children's discourse is presented; the corpus can be provided with markup to characterize prosody of speech and non-verbal means of communication. In multimodal corpora, texts are linked to other materials, which allows you to accurately reproduce the features of communication (gender, age, emotive sides of speech, etc.). The concepts of dictionaries of children's speech are diverse (content platforms, explanatory dictionaries, thesaurus dictionaries, thematic, motivational dictionaries, dictionaries of innovation, etc.). In our opinion, lexicographic sources form a new branch of lexicography, which can be associated both with the development of the theoretical foundations of a new field of research and with the creation of a new type of dictionaries.

Communicative potential of the means of non-verbal communication

This article provides a theoretical review of the communicative meaning of nonverbal means, analyzes examples from the texts of fiction. All kinds of nonverbal means (prosodics, kinesics, graphemics, takisics, proxemics, okulesics, sensorics) are found in Kazakh prose texts as an auxiliary means of language, and as a means of hidden expression of meaning, as well as to supplement the content of words or phrases missing in the syntactic construction of the sentence. The authors define the purpose of application of nonverbal means in the process of communication, it is established that nonverbal means applied in the course of a communicative act are subordinated to a specific purpose. In the texts of fiction both nonverbal and synonymous, polysemantic means and techniques expressing certain semantics coexist. On the analysis of concrete language examples their semantics, which is determined depending on the context or situation, is shown. It is proved that non-verbal means are most actively used in expressing internal feelings, psychological state of the characters.

Verbal and Non-Verbal Means of Communication During Some Investigatory Actions, Including Those with the Participation of Minors

The author stresses that there are numerous approaches to defining the concept and classifying investigatory actions, however, this question is still subject to discussions. It should be noted that the procedural specifics of conducting investigatory actions involving certain categories of criminal proceedings’ participants are still paid little attention at the legislative level. Investigative actions of verbal character are a specific problem area. The core of the contents and nature of verbal investigatory actions is the speech method of conveying information, in other words, the crime scene is recreated using speech forms. Besides, it should be accepted that it is also possible to obtain information through non-speech means of communication, known by the term non-verbal communication, when conducting investigatory actions of this type.

The Appreciation of Nature for the Design Creativity on Songket Weaving Cloth

Symbol is a means of non-verbal communication which is generally used in culture. The use of symbols is for the needs of expressing cultural elements possessed by an ethnic or even a nation. For example, various symbols are used on songket weaving cloth and the symbols are interpreted having different meaning based on the cultural background of the people where the songket weaving cloth is produced. This is qualitative research focuses on the symbols and meaning delivered on the design of Balinese songket weaving cloth. The research uses observation method and deep interviews for data collection. Theories of linguistic semantic and linguistic semiotic are applied for the need of the analysis. The analysis highlights on the type and meaning of symbols. The results show there are five classifications of symbol based on the motif design. The interpreted meaning of every symbol is generally to the nature appreciation since the artists life is very close to nature.

Особливості врегулювання крос-культурних конфліктів в процесі здійснення зовнішньоекономічної діяльності

Any violations or problems in the establishment of cross-cultural communication in the organiza-tion can become the causes of potential conflicts. Therefore, for their prevention or faster solving, it is important to understand the possible causes of their occurrence. Problems related to the establishment of cross-cultural communication can be: the use of cultural filters when forming an opinion about foreign counterparties; insufficient level of tolerance towards part-ners or clients; incorrect use of verbal and non-verbal means of communication; the establishment of new connections may depend on the degree of implementation of the principles of social responsibility, as this indicates the reliability of the business entity. Conventionally, all problems of cross-cultural interaction can be divided into two groups: conducting negotiations with international business partners and commu-nication within the organization. Usually, cross-cultural conflict during business negotiations arises for two main reasons. First, when dealing with cultural differences, partners quite often rely on stereotypes. Stereotypes are often de-rogatory and can lead to distorted expectations about the opponent's behavior and potentially misinterpre-tations. The second most common cause of intercultural misunderstandings is the tendency to interpret the behavior, values, and beliefs of others through the lens of one's own culture. To overcome this tendency, it is important to learn as much as possible about the culture of the foreign partner's side. The classification of business cultures by Richard Lewis can help to better navigate the character-istics of different cultures, comparing one with another and identifying common and distinctive features. This method is useful for planning cooperation with new counterparties in order to minimize the risk of potential conflicts due to unfamiliarity with the foreign partner. Before starting each negotiation, especially if they take place with new counterparties, it is neces-sary to process an array of information about cross-cultural differences. It is thanks to this measure that the probability of cross-cultural conflict can be minimized. And when a dispute arises, the company's team still needs to review its training, because in most cases, knowing cultural characteristics and being able to use them correctly is the key to solving the problem. For the effective resolution of conflicts, it is worth using the recommended strategy for resolving cross-cultural conflicts in the company in the process of foreign economic activity.

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF MEANS OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION IN UKRAINIAN AND VIETNAMESE CULTURES (ON THE MATERIAL OF A FILM STORY «POEM ABOUT THE SEA» BY O. P. DOVZHENKO)

The purpose of this article is to identify and compare non-verbal means of communication in Ukrainian and Vietnamese traditions based on the film story «Poem about the Sea» by O. P. Dovzhenko and its translation into Vietnamese. The object of the research is linguistic units indicating non-verbal behavior in Ukrainian and Vietnamese traditions, as presented in this film and its Vietnamese translation. The subject of the research is the general and personal features of perception and the use of gestures, facial expressions, gaze, intona- tions, and other non-verbal means in the process of communication. Compara- tive, semantic, cognitive, linguistic, and cultural analyses, paraverbal analysis, and the descriptive method are applied. As a result, their pragmatic meanings were determined, signs of similarities and differences, features of translation, and correlations based on the level of equivalence in artistic works were identified. A number of equivalent, background, and non-equivalent means in Ukrainian and Vietnamese languages were revealed. Conclusions and prospects of the study. Non-verbal language reflects the national character and each nation can have its own characteristics. In the works of fiction, the translator and the editor tried to convey the non-verbal behavior of the characters in such a way that the equiva- lent situations and units that most adequately convey the behavior of people of another culture in the Vietnamese language prevailed. The linguistic realiza- tion of non-verbal means is described by means of verbal means such as verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs, and accompanied by epithets, metaphors, idioms and punctuation marks. Understanding the ethnocultural features of non-verbal language is necessary for an adequate understanding of Ukrainian-Vietnamese communication and for those who work on translations of literary texts from Ukrainian to Vietnamese and vice versa. In today’s world, this field of research is becoming more and more relevant and promising

KINESICAL MEANS OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION OF CHARACTERS IN POLISH AND VIETNAMESE LINGUOCULTURES (BASED ON POLISH-VIETNAMESE LITERARY TRANSLATIONS)

KINESICAL MEANS OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION OF CHARACTERS IN POLISH AND VIETNAMESE LINGUOCULTURES (BASED ON POLISH-VIETNAMESE LITERARY TRANSLATIONS)

Dog-whistling and democracy

Despite our fascination with dog-whistling, neither dog-whistling itself, nor the relationship between dog-whistling and democracy are well understood. This article separates the content from the technique of dog-whistling and develops a more precise conceptualisation of that phenomenon in order to untangle the ambiguity about it. Dog-whistling, it argues, should not be reduced to racism or verbal communication tactics but can be combined with various different worldviews, and can encompass a multiplicity of verbal and non-verbal communicative means which surreptitiously nudge or wink at a specific subgroup. Contra the prevalent conviction that dog-whistling is antithetical to democracy in toto, the article suggests that some manifestations of that phenomenon constitute a ‘lesser vice’ vis-à-vis a politics of zealous candour, and an ineluctable feature of democratic politics. This recognition has important implications for democratic theory, and recent lamentations that ours is an age of moral crisis, marked by the rise of post-truth politics.

The Role of Gestures in Communication

Because it plays such a very significant role in the life of every human being, it is difficult to imagine a world without communication. After all, communication, both verbally and nonverbally, has occurred and evolved between people since the dawn of humankind. As it is, during communicative interaction, verbal contact is supplemented with non-verbal information, laying the foundation for full-fledged communication. That means that nonverbal communication is an essential aspect of speech communication because it can either greatly increase the semantic meaning of a word or significantly weaken it. Moreover, non-verbal means of communication are typically expressive and laconic and greatly increase the possibilities of communication between people. That being said, one of the most commonly used non-verbal communications is gestures. In communication, gestures accompany speech or replace it. Gestures include movement of the hands, face, or other body parts, and each person uses various motions in communication to convey his thoughts. The gestures we use in daily communication add to a language’s vocabulary and syntax. Furthermore, a gesture is more expressive than a unit of verbal language. With this in mind, this article discusses the various aspects of non-verbal communication and provides examples of typical gestures a person uses in everyday communication. This study consisted of 50 students ranging in age from 17 to 25 years old and aimed to reveal what types of gestures are used much more frequently by young people in everyday life.

ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЕ ВЕРБАЛЬНЫХ И НЕВЕРБАЛЬНЫХ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩИХ НА ВОСПРИЯТИЕ КРЕОЛИЗОВАННОГО ТЕКСТА

One of the urgent problems of modern cognitive linguistics is the problem of text reception, the question of its semantic perception is raised, in addition, it should be noted that it has not yet been established in what form the verbal and nonverbal components of the text are stored in human memory. It should be noted that in recent years, interest in the visual presentation of information, including non-verbal means of communication, has increased even more due to the requirements of modern social media focused on clip-based rapid delivery of polycode information, which, as a rule, do not require concentration of attention, but can have a clip-based surface effect on the audience's thinking. As a result, there were works devoted not to the traditional linguistics of the text, but to the linguistics of a polycode, semiotically complicated text, in which creolized texts (CT) became the object of research. Creolized texts are texts consisting of verbal and nonverbal (illustrative) parts, later the term multimodal text appeared. It should be noted, however, that researchers studying creolized texts, as a rule, are limited only to studying the relationship between the verbal and nonverbal (iconic) parts of the text. As you know, at the moment a comprehensive study of the impact assessment of the creolized text has not yet developed. Thus, the problem brought up for consideration in this article is the problem of semantic perception of a creolized text (CT) consisting of an image and a word.

Teaching categories via examples and explanations

People often learn categories through interaction with knowledgeable others who may use verbal explanations, visual exemplars, or both, to share their knowledge. Verbal and nonverbal means of pedagogical communication are commonly used in conjunction, but their respective roles are not fully understood. In this work, we studied how well these modes of communication work with different category structures. We conducted two experiments to investigate the effect of perceptual confusability and stimulus dimensionality on the effectiveness of verbal, exemplar-based, and mixed communication. One group of participants – teachers – learned a categorization rule and prepared learning materials for the students. Students studied the materials prepared for them and then demonstrated their knowledge on test stimuli. All communication modes were generally successful, but not equivalent, with mixed communication consistently showing best results. When teachers were free to generate as many visual exemplars or words as they wish, verbal and exemplar-based communication showed similar performance, although the verbal channel was slightly less reliable in situations requiring high perceptual precision. At the same time, verbal communication was better suited to handling high-dimensional stimuli when communication volume was restricted. We believe that our work serves as an important step towards studying language as a means for pedagogical category leaning.

USTADZAH FASHION STYLE AS NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION AT THE AL-IMAN PUTRI PONDOK PESANTREN PONOROGO

Fashion Style is a form of nonverbal communication. The clothes a person wears can interpret themselves as well as show personality characteristics. The purpose of this study is to explain the purpose of using ustadzah Fashion Style at Al-Iman Putri Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School, and analyze the meaning of Fashion Style used by ustadzah as a means of Nonverbal Communication at Al-Iman Putri Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Research data was collected by conducting interviews with informants, namely ustadzah Pondok Pesantren Al-Iman Putri who had qualifications as ustadzah who looked attractive and followed fashion trends. The results showed that the use of fashion to communicate nonverbally about his identity. Everyone tries to show their best side and unique side of themselves through the fashion they wear. Ustadzah Pondok Pesantren Al-Iman Putri uses fashion style with the goal: easier to identify, convey a form of self-expression, and the purpose of beauty. Nonverbal Communication through fashion style ustadzah Pondok Pesantren Al-Iman Putri Ponorogo is considered effective because it produces communication results. And from the fashion style displayed, they try to convey their identity, character, class and group.

NEURO-LINGUISTIC INTERRELATION OF VERBAL AND NO N-VERBAL COMMUNICATION

The research paper is dedicated to the neuro-linguistic study of the relationship between verbal and nonverbal communication. The authors differentiate the features of verbal and nonverbal communication and describe their relationship from the neuro-linguistic and psilinguistic points of view.The aim of the study is to prove on the basis of experiments the neuropsycholinguistic features of verbal and nonverbal communication, the main neurobiological reasons for their parallelism and synchronicity. The paper analyzes the conclusions and judgments of world and domestic scientists on the study of verbal and sign language at the intersection of cosmetology and neurobiology, semiotic sciences, on the synchronicity of verbal and nonverbal signs. In order to clarify the synchronicity of verbal language and non-verbal means of communication a number of experiments, neurolinguistic and psycholinguistic experiments were conducted by foreign neurolinguistic scientists and psychologists to verify scientific assumptions about the parallelism of speech and gestures. According to ballistic understanding, information exchange occurs only at the stages of planning a speech act and non-verbal movement, but as soon as they begin the communication process, the two systems become independent. As a result, the authors differentiated and determined the mutual influence, the ratio of verbal and nonverbal communication, synchronicity, and the close connection of language and gestures.

INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF LOCAL WISDOM WEDDING PROCESSES IN CULTURE OF PUSAR VILLAGE, BATURAJA SUB-DISTRICT OGAN KOMERING ULU DISTRICT

Culture is a knowledge system that includes a system of ideas contained in the human mind, so that in everyday life culture is abstract. The wedding procession with sacrifice, the slaughter of a scapegoat for the people of Pusar Village is one of the traditions owned by the people of Pusar Village, Baturaja District. The approach used in the meaning of verbal and nonverbal communication in a series of marriage processions with sacrifices, the slaughter of scapegoats uses symbolic interaction theory, symbolic interaction theory holds that individuals form the same meaning through communication. The method used is descriptive qualitative method. In collecting data, conducting in-depth interviews (Depth Interview) to key informants, the selected informants are people who are considered to know and understand the problems studied. The results of the analysis in this study are marriage processions with sacrifices, slaughtering scapegoats in Pusar Village there are forms of verbal communication and nonverbal communication contained in every series of marriage processions with sacrifices, slaughtering scapegoats including prayer. The prayer delivered by the traditional leader and followed by the family holding a wedding ceremony aims to request permission to hold a wedding ceremony and share happiness with the ancestors. After taking turns praying, the family waters the graves of their ancestors with the water that has been provided. From the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that in every series of wedding processions with sacrifices, the slaughter of a scapegoat has a meaning that has been believed by the people of Pusar Village itself. It is hoped that the people of OKU Regency can participate in preserving the existing culture and arts. Especially in the cultural arts of the wedding procession with sacrifice, the slaughter of this scapegoat.

Французский язык цифровой коммуникации: условия формирования и основные характеристики

The study aims to identify the features of virtual communication using the example of the French language. The researchers determine the main phonetic, lexical and syntactic transformations driven by the primary principle of digital communication: to convey maximum information with a minimum of linguistic effort. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that it systematises previously obtained separate information on the nature and conditions of the formation of a new cyberspace language, the so-called cyberlanguage, shows the conditions and ways of its development and provides a classification for the components of the French language of virtual communication. As a result, the general characteristics of the formation of the French cyberlanguage, taking into account the historical development and influence of English linguoculture, as well as the classification of its characteristics at all levels of the language system, including phonetics, grammar, spelling, syntax and stylistics, also considering the use of non-verbal means of communication, are shown. The pragmatic orientation of language transformations associated with the reflection of the digital worldview is revealed.