non-Newtonian Fluid Parameters Research Articles

Thermal and Computational Analysis of MHD Dissipative Flow of Eyring-Powell Fluid: Non-Similar Approach via Overlapping Grid-Based Spectral Collocation Scheme

The aim of the present study is to numerically investigate the non-similar flow and heat transfer in a dissipative Eyring-Powell fluid (EPF) over a stretching surface. A constant magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the stretched surface to explore the impact of the Lorentz force. Both viscous and magnetic dissipation are considered to comprehensively examine their effects on heat transfer. The problem in hand does not admit self-similar solutions as the non-Newtonian fluid parameter varies with the spatial variable along the stream-wise direction. Consequently, the set of nonlinear partial differential equations, modeling the flow problem is nondimensionalized primarily by employing a pseudo-similarity variable and stream-wise coordinate. The non-dimensional set of nonlinear partial differential equations is solved by a newly developed and efficient “overlapping multi-domain bivariate spectral local linearization method (OMD-BSLLM)”. The current study includes residual error analysis and convergence tests to demonstrate the accuracy of the numerical method applied to the current mathematical model. Graphs show fluid flow and heat transfer results for different flow parameters, while tables display skin friction and Nusselt number values. The results indicate that the non-Newtonian fluid parameter enhances both the velocity profile and temperature distribution. The fluid decelerates with increasing the dimensionless stream wise coordinate and Hartmann number. Viscous dissipation and dimensionless stream-wise coordinate enhances the temperature profile.

Analytical and numerical investigation for viscoelastic fluid with heat transfer analysis during rollover-web coating phenomena

Abstract The current study theoretically and computationally analyses the viscoelastic Sisko fluids during the non-isothermal rollover web phenomenon. The mathematical modeling produces a system of partial differential equations, which we further simplify into ordinary differential equations through appropriate transformations. We have formulated the problem based on the lubrication approximation theory. The solution has been obtained with the perturbation method, and the outcomes are found in mathematical, tabular, and graphical forms that highlight the influence of pertinent parameters on velocity profiles, pressure gradients, flow rates per unit width, Nusselt number, pressure profile, temperature distributions, and other significant engineering quantities. Further, A comparative analysis between analytic and numerical solutions, utilizing the middefer method in the Maple environment, demonstrates reasonable agreement. Also, we observe that the fluid parameter significantly influences both velocity and temperature profiles. Moreover, the determination of a separation point 2.5000, accompanied by the observation of a maximum coating thickness of 0.6960. The enhancement in fluid heat transfer rate is approximately 5% compared to non-Newtonian fluid parameter values, with potential for further improvement by increasing the non-Newtonian parameter values. This comprehensive investigation offers valuable insights for practical implementation and future scholarly endeavors, with zero-order findings showcasing enhanced precision.

Numerical investigation of a pair of in-line bubbles rising in Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids with interfacial passive scalar transfer

We employ three-dimensional, fully resolved numerical simulations using the volume-of-fluid method to study the motion and interaction of two in-line bubbles ascending in both Newtonian and shear-thinning fluids. Additionally, we explore passive scalar transfer between the fluid phases across a variety of fluidic conditions, modeling shear-thinning behavior in non-Newtonian fluids through the Carreau model. The impact of the Galilei (Ga) and Bond (Bo) numbers, the bubble pair radius ratio, the inelastic time constant (λ), and the flow index (n) on the bubbles dynamics and the transient Sherwood number (Sht) and the surface-averaged Sherwood number (⟨Sh⟩) are reported. Using the well-known Ga–Bo regime phase diagram for a single rising bubble in a Newtonian ambient fluid, the present numerical experiments are used to study the departure from this reference case due to the presence and characteristics of a second bubble and the non-Newtonian nature of the ambient fluid. When categorized based on the single bubble phase diagram, we found that in regimes I (axisymmetric) and III (oscillatory), a pair of bubbles does not breakup or merge during our simulations. However, their behaviors vary due to the second bubble and change in non-Newtonian fluid parameters like the inelastic time constant and flow index. Likewise, we explored this parameter space for regime II (skirted), where the two bubbles eventually merge, and regimes IV (peripheral breakup) and V (central breakup), known for multiple bubble breakups. Additionally, we present results on differently sized bubbles, showing that their merging tendency depends on their arrangement as leading or trailing positions in the pair.

Radiative magneto-cross Eyring-Powell flow with activation energy past porous stretching wedge considering suction/injection and ohmic heating effect

A semi-numeric study is presented to explore the nonlinear, radiative, mixed convective boundary layer flow of non-Newtonian Eyring-Powell fluid (EPF) over a porous stretching wedge in the existence of suction/injection, viscous dissipation, activated energy, and ohmic heating. The governing coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) in the flow regime are transformed into coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) under suitable boundary conditions (BCs). Computations are performed for variations of various pertinent parameters on velocity, temperature distribution, surface drag force, and heat transfer rate number. It is noted that with increasing Eyring Powell parameter velocity increases for stretching parameter greater than free stream velocity, but decreases when wedge stretches slowly than free stream velocity. An increase in the local non-Newtonian fluid parameter decreases velocity when the wedge stretches faster as compared to free stream velocity. However, velocity increases when the wedge stretches faster. Temperature velocity decreases for both cases of wedge stretches faster or slower as the local non-Newtonian fluid parameter increases. Similar behavior is seen in the case of Eyring Powell parameter. Increasing heat generation or absorption decreases the momentum as well as thermal boundary layer thickness. When the suction/injection parameter is enhanced the velocity shows a declines behavior for both the cases of stretching parameter as it increases. Temperature profiles decline as the mass transfer parameter is enhanced for both the case's velocity ratio parameters, respectively. Excellent agreement is achieved with the differential transform method and numerical result.

Impact of Sugar Reduction on Physicochemical and Nutritional Quality of Yogurt and Sensory Response with Label Stimulation

This paper is aimed at developing yoghurts with reduced sugar content and evaluating their physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory characteristics including the stimulation of labels with nutritional indications. Four yoghurt formulations were developed (TY (traditional yoghurt), RSY (reduced sugar yoghurt), RSYL (yoghurt with reduced sugar and lactase), and RSYM (yogurt with reduced sugar and flavour modulator)). Yoghurts were evaluated on the first day of storage for physical-chemical aspects: fat, total protein, ash, total dry extract, reducing and nonreducing sugars, and pH, acidity in lactic acid, syneresis, and viscosity (non-Newtonian fluid) parameters were monitored until the end of refrigerated storage. Online questionnaires were carried out for sensory evaluation of acceptability and purchase intention of appearance. The labels were compared to each other to define which one communicated best with the consumer. The results showed that the reduction of sugar in yoghurt interferes with different physical-chemical parameters: pH, acidity, increasing syneresis, decreasing viscosity, total dry extract, and ash content. Storage influences the pH and acidity stabilization of all yogurts. Knowledge about lower sugar content positively influences acceptability and purchase intention, which preferred more flashy nutritional labels. The formulation adjustment associated with adequate labeling can encourage the consumption of yogurts with reduced added sugar content.

Bioconvective flow of bi-viscous Bingham nanofluid subjected to Thompson and Troian slip conditions

This paper describes the bioconvection phenomenon and its significant influence on the thermal features of the flow of bi-viscous Bingham (BVB) nanofluid past a vertically stretching flat surface. The analysis of the impact of convection parameters is considered along with various other forces. Meanwhile, the flow of BVB nanofluid is put through the slip conditions defined by Thompson and Troian for the velocity at the boundary. The flow of BVB nanofluid is modeled using the partial differential equations (PDEs) under the assumptions of thermophoresis and Brownian motion which occur due to the movement of nanoparticles. Along with these forces, the radiation is also considered so that the obtained results are close to the practical scenarios. Thus, using the proper Lie group similarity transformations, the intended mathematical model is converted into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The resulting equation system is encoded using the RKF-45 technique, and the outcomes are explained using graphs and tables. The solutions found for the model showed that, for higher ranges of the non-Newtonian fluid parameter, the velocity decreases while the heat transferred by the nanofluid increases. The availability of motile density at the surface grows as the Péclet number rises, whereas the Schmidt numbers decline in their respective profiles.

Impact of Chemical reaction on Stagnation Point Flow of Powell Eyring Fluid: HAM Analysis

In the present study, the mathematical modelling for stagnation point flow of non-Newtonian Powell-Eyring fluid over a stretching surface is considered. The effect of thermal radiation and chemical reaction is taken into account. The non-linear governing partial equations are transformed to ordinary differential equation by using stretching similarity transformation. Homotopy analysis has been done to the reduced boundary layer equations. Numerical solutions are obtained for the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles with influence of non-Newtonian fluid parameter, radiation and chemical reaction respectively. It is found from the study that non-Newtonian fluid performs shear thinning behaviour. Radiation enhances the temperature of non-Newtonian Powell Eyring fluid and concentration of the fluid rises as the effect of chemical reaction increases.

Scrutinization of second law analysis and viscous dissipation on Reiner-RivlinNanofluid with the effect of bioconvection over a rotating disk

In comparison to Newtonian fluids, non-Newtonian fluids have fascinating features in heat transportation. Here, newly type of Reiner-Rivlinnanoliquid flow over the revolving disk for viscous dissipation (VD) is being explored in a multiple-slip effect. The inclusion of gyrotactic microorganisms in the nanoliquid enhances the tendency of the nanoparticles. The idea of the intended model is enhanced by considering in the impact of activation energy, thermal radiative, heated convective conditions and entropy minimization. The system of nonlinear PDE is constructed into nonlinear ODE's by applying the von-Karman similarity method and later solved numerically using the BVP4c solver which is considered to study the complicated ordinary differential equations. TheInfluence of various parameters is elaborated and plotted physically through the graphical illustration. By contrasting the reported data in the restricted form to a previously published article, the accuracy of the current model has examined. The impact of a non-Newtonian fluid parameter over the velocity field appeared to showdpreciation in it. The results elucidate that when the wall slip coefficient is larger more torque is needed to maintain constant disk revaluation. Surface heat transmission and wall skin friction are computed for a wide variety of factors. These flows have several real world-applications, including modeling cases that occur in oceanography and geophysics, various industrial fields (such as lumber production).

Soret Dissipation Effect On Heat And Mass Transmission Of Non-Newtonian Casson Radiative Nanofluid Flow With Lorentz Drag And Rosseland Radiation

The goal of the current study considers the impact of Lorentz force and radiation on the reactive Casson-Nanofluid flow over a flow over a stretched surface with Soret impact. However, its industrial and technological applications are numerous but not limited to solar power, glass spinning, nuclear reactors, processing and packaging of food, etc. The flow being considered is a function of the stretched surface along its direction in line with a linearly changing velocity with such distance from a given immovable point. The partial differential equations describing the momentum, energy (heat) and mass transfer equations were transformed into non-linear ordinary differential equations in non-dimensional forms through the use of the similarity variables approach. The solution which was carried out through the application of the series approximation method is presented analytically. However, the Mathematica software was used in obtaining the numerical solutions. Thus, the impacts of physical parameters of the fluid were studied. The results indicated that: the velocity of fluid flow lessens due to the combined intensification of values of the non-Newtonian Casson fluid and magnetic field parameters. An upsurge in Grashof heat and radiation factors yields a rise in the velocity. Influence of collective Casson and magnetic parameters leads to an appreciation of heat distribution. Also, the concentration field declines as both the Casson and Schmidt parameters improve. The diminishing distribution fields of both the wall energy and mass gradients are functions of the appreciating values of the non-Newtonian number.

Linear and quadratic convection significance on the dynamics of MHD Maxwell fluid subject to stretched surface

The heat transmission process is a prominent issue in current technology. It occurs when there is a temperature variation between physical processes. It has several uses in advanced industry and engineering, including power generation and nuclear reactor cooling. This study addresses Maxwell fluid’s steady, two-dimensional boundary layer stream across a linearly stretched sheet. The primary objective of this research is to investigate the impact of the non-Newtonian fluid parameter (Deborah number) on flow behavior. The secondary objective is to investigate the effect of linear and quadratic convection to check which model gives higher heat transfer. The flow is caused by the surface stretching. The mathematical model containing the underlying partial differential equations (PDEs) is built using the boundary layer estimations. The governing boundary layer equations are modified to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using similarity variables. The bvp4c approach is employed to tackle the transformed system mathematically. The impacts of numerous physical parameters like stretching coefficient, mixed convective parameter, heat source/sink coefficient, magnetic coefficient, variable thermal conductance, Prandtl number, and Deborah number over the dimensionless velocity and temperature curves are analyzed via graphs and calculated via tables. After confirming the similarity of the present findings with several earlier studies, a great symmetry is shown. The findings show that the linear convection model gains more heat transport rate than the quadratic convection model, ultimately giving a larger thermal boundary layer thickness. Some numeric impacts illustrate that boosting the magnetic coefficient elevates the fluid’s boundary layer motion, causing an opposite phenomenon of Lorentz force because the free stream velocity exceeds the stretched surface velocity.

Rheological impact of Sutterby fluid in isothermal forward roll coating process: a theoretical study

In this paper, the incompressible and isothermal flow of Sutterby fluid is investigated during the forward roll coating process. The mass and momentum equations are non-dimensionalized and simplified using lubrication approximation theory (LAT). Perturbative results are obtained for the velocity, pressure gradient, flow rate, and shear stress, while coating thickness, maximum pressure, separating point, roll separating force and roll-transmitted power are found by Simpson’s 3/8 rule. Outcomes exhibit that velocity, pressure gradient and coating thickness are substantially influenced by the non-Newtonian fluid parameter, which may increase the coating efficiency. Also, power input and roll separating force is directly proportional to the non-Newtonian parameter.

Significance of variable electrical conductivity on non-Newtonian fluid flow between two vertical plates in the coexistence of Arrhenius energy and exothermic chemical reaction

The present study is designed to model the combustible materials of two vertical plates with Arrhenius energy and exothermic chemical reaction. The magnetohydrodynamics fluid is considered to experience an exothermic chemical reaction inside the channel. Additional effects incorporated to the novelty of the model are the rheological Casson fluid term and the variable electrical conductivity. The model has transformed appropriately to its dimensionless form using similarity renovation and the Solution is numerically obtained using the Chebyshev collocation scheme. The influences of controlling parameters on the fluid velocity, temperature, concentration, and heat transfer rate are analyzed using graph and quantitatively discussed. Analyses reveal that the activation energy declines the fluid velocity, while the existence of the variable electrical conductivity parameter has the opposite effect. The heat transfer rate is enhanced with higher values of concentration buoyancy (Gc) and variable electrical conductivity parameter. Moreover, the non-Newtonian Casson fluid parameter shows a solid characteristic when yield stress is more than the shear stress. Thermal and chemical engineering, as well as service-worthiness of industrial products, will benefit from the findings of this study.

The influence of variable electrical conductivity on non-Darcian Casson nanofluid flow with first and second-order slip conditions

Simulation of non-Darcian Casson flow subject to a second-order velocity slip and heat transfer due to nanofluid over a permeable stretching surface is exemplified numerically. The second-order velocity slip interaction is quite different from the first-order velocity slip as it results in two slip parameters that can effectively regulate the boundary layer development. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this parameter was here incorporated for the first time in such a field of radiative Casson nanofluid flow. The model, which is governed by the system of PDEs, accomplishes the Chebyshev collocation Method (CCM). It is vital to remark that the account for the second-order slip velocity in the boundary conditions decreases the velocity component. In addition, the role of (Prandtl-number = 7 water) on the Skin friction coefficient becomes more significant when the Variable viscosity increases compared to the (Prandtl-number = 0.71 air). Also, non-Newtonian Casson fluid parameter show a solid characteristic when yield stress is more than the shear stress. Consequently, those parameters contribute to the cooling plate, while others have the opposite effect. Therefore, the cooling/heating mechanism can be developed with appropriate Casson fluid model and the control parameter. At last, this article includes some future recommendations.

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Simulation of non-Darcian Casson flow subject to a second-order velocity slip and heat transfer due to nanofluid over a permeable stretching surface is exemplified numerically. The second-order velocity slip interaction is quite different from the first-order velocity slip as it results in two slip parameters that can effectively regulate the boundary layer development. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this parameter was here incorporated for the first time in such a field of radiative Casson nanofluid flow. The model, which is governed by the system of PDEs, accomplishes the Chebyshev collocation Method (CCM). It is vital to remark that the account for the second-order slip velocity in the boundary conditions decreases the velocity component. In addition, the role of (Prandtl-number = 7 water) on the Skin friction coefficient becomes more significant when the Variable viscosity increases compared to the (Prandtl-number = 0.71 air). Also, non-Newtonian Casson fluid parameter show a solid characteristic when yield stress is more than the shear stress. Consequently, those parameters contribute to the cooling plate, while others have the opposite effect. Therefore, the cooling/heating mechanism can be developed with appropriate Casson fluid model and the control parameter. At last, this article includes some future recommendations.

Heat and Mass Transfer of Rotational Flow of Unsteady Third-Grade Fluid over a Rotating Cone with Buoyancy Effects

Objective of this paper is a study of the impact of heat and mass transfer on time-dependent flow of a third-grade convective fluid due to an infinitely rotating upright cone. An interesting fact is observed that the similarity solutions only exist, if we take the angular velocities of the cone and far away from the fluid as an inverse function of time. The analytical solutions of the reduced ordinary differential equations of third-grade fluids are offered by the optimal homotopy analysis method (OHAM). The results for important parameters are illustrated graphically as well as in tabular form. The precision of the present results is also checked by comparison with the numerical outcomes published earlier. The impact of non-Newtonian fluid parameters is found to decrease the primary skin-friction coefficient. There is an aggregate in Nusselt and Sherwood numbers for increasing the ratio of the buoyancy forces.

Experimental Measurements of Thermal Conductivity for Non-Newtonian Polymeric Fluids Using a Concentric Cylindrical Cell Under Static Conditions

In the current article, the experimental measurement of thermal conductivities for non-Newtonian polymeric fluids has been performed over a wide range of polymer concentrations. Measurements of the thermal conductivity for three Newtonian fluids and three different groups of non-Newtonian polymeric aqueous fluids (twenty-four polymeric solutions) under static conditions are conducted using the cell of concentric cylinders with the annular gap of 0.4 mm. Various polymer concentrations ranged from 100 ppm to 5000 ppm by weight are implemented in the experiments with temperature changed from 20 °C to 50 °C. Accordingly, the impact of relevant non-Newtonian fluid parameters, such as polymer concentrations, polymer types and molecular weights as well as the kind of solvents on the thermal conductivity of non-Newtonian fluids were systematically tested. The experimental results of thermal conductivity for the Newtonian fluids (distilled water, 50 % methanol-50 % water and 50 % glycerin-50 % water) are in a reasonable agreement with the previously published data with the differences always being less than 4.5 %. Moreover, thermal conductivities of non-Newtonian polymeric solutions are approximately the same values of Newtonian fluids with the corresponding temperatures under rest condition and any fluctuation in the measured data is within the permissible error uncertainty. Although, the addition of polymeric particles has the ability to turn the state of the fluid from Newtonian to non-Newtonian, there is no noteworthy influence on the thermal conductivity of these non-Newtonian fluids.

Analytical model of solar energy storage using non—Newtonian Fluid in a saturated porous media in fully developed region: carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and graphite model

Thermal energy storage systems are used mainly in buildings and industrial processes. In this study, solar energy storage by using a circular conduit filled with porous media that is saturated by a non-Newtonian fluid at constant heat flux was represented. The fully developed region was studied by solving the equations analytically, the non-Newtonian fluid parameters used in this model are carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) properties. In addition, graphite was used as porous media. The heat flux data for Amman city was used in the equations in this study. The effect of Porosity and particle diameter and pressure on the performance of the model were discussed and sketched. As a result, the temperature of storage filled with CMC fluid is better than water in porous media. It is found that the power index of the fluid, porosity, particle diameter, pressure drop, and conduit radius effect inversely the temperature in energy storage. In January, the temperature variation in conduit at the same conditions reach for CMC-1 to 35 ℃ for n = 0.724 and to 85 ℃ for n = 0.7182 and to 190 ℃ for n = 0.7122. CMC-2 has a higher consistency index at the same concentration which means higher viscosity and less power index than CMC-1 so the temperature variation in conduit reaches 50 ℃ for n = 0.599 and 200 ℃ for n = 0.57. The stored energy of CMC-1 for n = 0.724, n = 0.7182, and n = 0.7122 is approximately 120 kJ, 300 kJ, and more than 600 kJ respectively, and the stored energy of CMC-2 n = 0.599 and n = 0.57 is 200 kJ and approach to 800 kJ at the same conditions and conduit.

Effects of thermophoresis, Soret-Dufour on heat and mass transfer flow of magnetohydrodynamics non-Newtonian nanofluid over an inclined plate

Heat together with mass transfer of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) non-Newtonian nanofluid flow over an inclined plate embedded in a porous medium with influence of thermophoresis and Soret-Dufour is studied. The novelty of this study is the combined effects of Soret, Dufour and thermophoresis with nanofluid flow on heat together with mass transfer. The flow is considered over an inclined plate embedded in a porous medium. Appropriate similarity transformations were used to simplify the governing coupled nonlinear partial differential equations into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations. A novel and accurate numerical method called spectral homotopy analysis method (SHAM) was used in solving the modelled equations. SHAM is the numerical version of the well-known homotopy analysis method (HAM). It involves the decomposition of the nonlinear equations into linear and nonlinear equations. The decomposed linear equations were solved using Chebyshev pseudospectral method. The findings revealed that the applied magnetic field gives rise to an opposing force which slows the motion of an electrically conducting fluid. Increase in the non-Newtonian Casson fluid parameter increases the skin friction factor and reduces the rate of heat and mass transfer. The present results are compared with existing work and found to be in good agreement.

Free-surface laminar flow of a Herschel–Bulkley fluid over an inclined porous bed

The current work presents a mathematical solution for the flow of a Herschel--Bulkley fluid over a porous bed. To obtain the velocity profile, a dimensional analysis is firstly conducted for the Darcian-like flow, showing that the ratio between pore and flow scales impose the domain of validity for the Beaver-like kinematic boundary condition. A friction velocity dependent only on fluid and porous medium properties was found to identify the scale of the Darcian velocity. After applying a modified kinematic boundary condition between free flow and Darcian-like flow, free-surface flow velocity profile was obtained, which can effectively predicts non-porous solutions for less rheological complex fluids. Dimensional analysis was then performed for the velocity profile solution, which allowed to identify the effect of the porous bed on flow properties. Experimental results from the literature were employed to identify the necessary conditions for yield stress fluids to have Darcian-like flow in natural open-channel flows. Sensitivity analysis pointed out that the porous medium permeability and non-Newtonian fluid parameters have greater influence on the velocity profile for pseudoplastic fluids than for dilatant ones.

Numerical investigation on the effect of the printing force and squeegee geometry on stencil printing

The effects of printing force and different squeegee geometries on the process of stencil printing were investigated in this paper. Numerical models were established, which included squeegees with different geometries (different overhang sizes of 6, 15, 20, 25 mm) and took the printing force (specific value 0.3 N/mm) into account by using loaded squeegee angles instead of unloaded ones. The flow behaviour of the solder paste was captured by utilising non-Newtonian fluid parameters, which were determined by fitting a curve to the prior measurement results of a lead-free solder paste (particle size 20–38 μm). The effect of different squeegee geometries was characterised by calculating the pressure distribution over the stencil. Results showed a significant difference in the pressure using the unloaded and the loaded squeegee geometries. In the case of unloaded squeegee angle of 60°, the increase was ˜22%, ˜45% and ˜90% for overhang sizes of 15, 20, 25 mm respectively by applying loaded squeegees. In the case of unloaded squeegee angle of 45°, the increase in pressure was even more noticeable; ˜45%, ˜102% and ˜250% for the overhang sizes of 15, 20, 25 mm respectively. This increase in pressure implies that neglecting the printing force and squeegee geometries in numerical investigation of the stencil printing process results in significant calculation errors.