Non-invasive Measurement Method Research Articles

Investigation of magnetic flux density on conducting and non-conducting cylindrical surface using magnetic sensor

This paper highlights the investigation of the magnetic flux density on the conducting and non-conducting surfaces by providing magnetic and electric field as a source of excitation. Measuring the leakage magnetic flux density and flux within low frequencies on conducting and non-conducting surfaces is useful for the non-invasive measurement methods. The Helmholtz coil is used to excite the cylindrical surface in two ways: magnetic and electric field excitation. The Hall Effect sensor is used to detect the strength of magnetic flux density on the cylindrical surface. Direction of flux lines, distribution of magnetic flux density and electric field around the surface explained through the simulation results. The results are graphically plotted by varying the current for the magnetic field excitation and by varying the voltage for electric field excitation. Hall voltage is varying linearly with increase in current and constant with increase in voltage for the non-conducting cylindrical surface for various locations of cylindrical surface. Simultaneously, Hall voltage is linearly increases and decreases for the excitation of voltage and current for the conducting cylindrical surface is presented through the graphs.

Highly sensitive resistance-type flexible pressure sensor for cuffless blood-pressure monitoring by using neural network techniques

Blood pressure is an important parameter of a heart-pumping function, vascular peripheral resistance, and blood volume in human body. The non-invasive blood pressure measurement method has attracted tremendous attention due to its advantages of simple operation and comfort. In this paper, graft-modified MWCNTs and water-based polyurethane are used as filler and matrix, which are combined with simple dipping process to produce a resistance-type flexible pressure sensor with crack structure. The sensor with crack structure exhibits a high gauge factor (∼1582.7), fast response time (∼58 ms) and good repeatability (>2000 cycles) under 0–5% strain. By attaching the sensor to the radial artery of human wrist, the pulse waveform is accurately captured. By adopting the time-domain analysis method, in addition to the fast Fourier transform and threshold method which is employed to position and extract the characteristic value of pulse signal, a three-layer back propagation neural network is constructed to regress blood pressure value. The correlation coefficients of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure were 0.950, 0.875 and 0.947, respectively, which could meet the A-level standards of British Hypertension Society and Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation. This study provides a good real-time and portable technology for home blood pressure measurement.

Relationship between noninvasive central blood pressure and brain natriuretic peptide levels in patients with hypertensive pulmonary edema.

Hypertensive pulmonary edema is a fatal condition unless early and properly diagnosed and managed. Central blood pressure (cBP) has been proven to be more associated with adverse cardiovascular events. We aimed to study the correlation between cBP and heart damage in patients with Hypertensive pulmonary edema. We included 50 patients admitted to the emergency department in a university hospital for hypertensive pulmonary edema, 27 women and 23 men aged 50 to 70 years. We excluded patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome, significant valvular heart disease, and pericardial diseases. We measured cBP non-invasively from pulse wave analysis of the brachial artery. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and cBP were repeatedly measured for every patient. The median BNP levels of patients significantly decreased from 284 pg/ml (232-352.5) to 31.5 pg/ml (24-54) on discharge, P < 0.001. We found a significant correlation between admission BNP and central SBP (cSBP), urea, creatinine, arterial blood gases parameters, and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD). Concurrently, BNP at discharge was correlated with age, central DBP (cDBP), urea, creatinine, LVEDD, partial oxygen pressure (pO2), and oxygen saturation (SO2). Delta BNP was correlated with cSBP, peripheral SBP, urea, creatinine, pO2, and SO2. Linear regression analysis revealed that creatinine, and cSBP, were independent predictors of admission BNP, while urea and cDBP were the independent predictors of discharge BNP. This simple, noninvasive method of cBP measurement was significantly associated with the extent of myocardial damage in patients presenting with hypertensive pulmonary edema.

Abstract 13654: Can a Novel Earbud Technology Detect Severe Aortic Stenosis? Modernizing the Wiggers Diagram Through Infrasonic Hemodynography Synchronized With Echocardiography and Cardiac Catheterization

Introduction: Severe aortic stenosis (AS) produces a typical systolic ejection sound detected by clinical auscultation with a characteristic feature on Doppler echocardiography (ECHO) &amp; hemodynamics at cardiac catheterization (CC). We propose a new assessment of AS through ‘infrasonic hemodynography’ (IH) - cardiovascular monitoring by infrasound (&lt;20 Hz) measured by a novel digital device. To assess AS, we aim to compare IH to standard ECHO &amp; CC measurements. Methods: We report an N-of-1 analysis from an ongoing prospective clinical trial to validate IH on cardiac function. A study subject with severe AS wore the IH ear-bud (MindMics, Figure A) &amp; underwent simultaneous measurements with IH-ECHO &amp; IH-CC-ECG, with IH waveforms (in-ear acoustic pressure in Pascals) synchronized (via cross-correlation), stacked (11 heart beats), &amp; averaged over the QRS complex of the ECG. The QRS complex was then used as a reference to generate a quantitative Wiggers diagram, aligning IH &amp; CC waveforms with the aortic valve on ECHO. Time of aortic valve opening (AVO) &amp; closure (AVC) were determined from the ECHO image. The systole &amp; diastole were assessed by creating Wiggers diagrams from the LV outflow &amp; mitral valve inflow ECHO images. Results: The peak systolic pressure in CC occurred close to the AVC derived from ECHO (Figure B), as is typical of the delayed peak pressure in severe AS. This was captured in the IH waveform &amp; visualized by overlaid LV &amp; AO pressures simultaneously collected during CC (Figure C). Additionally, the blood pressure increase seen on CC in response to AVC (the dicrotic notch) was also delayed &amp; aligned with the drop in flow &amp; the start of the E wave on ECHO, consistent with severe AS, &amp; detected on IH. Conclusions: We describe in-ear IH as a new method for non-invasive measurement of severe AS. Infrasound assessment of cardiac function represents a potentially important development to modernize the Wiggers Diagram &amp; to detect valvular disease that is independent of ECHO &amp; CC.

Comparative Analysis of Temperature Measurement Methods based on Degree of Agreement

Many sports have a high risk of climatic ailments, such as hypothermia, hyperthermia, and heatstroke. The measurement of a sportsperson's body core temperature (Tc) may have an impact on their performances and it assists them to avoid injuries as well. To avoid complications like electrolyte imbalances or infections, it's essential to precisely measure the core body temperature during targeted temperature control when spontaneous circulation has returned. Previous approaches on the other hand, are intrusive and difficult to use. The usual technique, an oesophageal thermometer, was compared to a disposable non-invasive temperature sensor that used the heat flux methodology. This research indicates that, non-invasive disposable sensors used to measure core body temperature are very reliable when used for targeted temperature control after overcoming a cardiac arrest successfully. The non-invasive method of temperature measurement has somewhat greater accuracy than the invasive approach. The results of this study must be confirmed by more clinical research with various sensor types to figure out if the bounds of agreement could be increased. This will ensure that the findings are accurate based on core temperature.

Non-Invasive Continuous Measurement of Haemodynamic Parameters-Clinical Utility.

The evaluation and monitoring of patients’ haemodynamic parameters are essential in everyday clinical practice. The application of continuous, non-invasive measurement methods is a relatively recent solution. CNAP, ClearSight and many other technologies have been introduced to the market. The use of these techniques for assessing patient eligibility before cardiac procedures, as well as for intraoperative monitoring is currently being widely investigated. Their numerous advantages, including the simplicity of application, time- and cost-effectiveness, and the limited risk of infection, could enforce their further development and potential utility. However, some limitations and contradictions should also be discussed. The aim of this paper is to briefly describe the new findings, give practical examples of the clinical utility of these methods, compare them with invasive techniques, and review the literature on this subject.

Intracranial Compliance Concepts and Assessment: A Scoping Review.

Background: Intracranial compliance (ICC) has been studied to complement the interpretation of intracranial pressure (ICP) in neurocritical care and help predict brain function deterioration. It has been reported that ICC is related to maintaining ICP stability despite changes in intracranial volume. However, this has not been properly translated to clinical practice. Therefore, the main objective of this scoping review was to map the key concepts of ICC in the literature. This review also aimed to characterize the relationship between ICC and ICP and systematically describe the outcomes used to assess ICC using both invasive and non-invasive measurement methods.Methods: This review included the following: (1) population: animal and humans, (2) concept of compliance or its inverse “elastance,” and (3) context: neurocritical care. Therefore, literature searches without a time frame were conducted on several databases using a combination of keywords and descriptors.Results and Discussion: 43,339 articles were identified, and 297 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria after the selection process. One hundred and five studies defined ICC. The concept was organized into three main components: physiological definition, clinical interpretation, and localization of the phenomena. Most of the studies reported the concept of compliance related to variations in volume and pressure or its inverse (elastance), primarily in the intracranial compartment. In addition, terms like “accommodation,” “compensation,” “reserve capacity,” and “buffering ability” were used to describe the clinical interpretation. The second part of this review describes the techniques (invasive and non-invasive) and outcomes used to measure ICC. A total of 297 studies were included. The most common method used was invasive, representing 57–88% of the studies. The most commonly assessed variables were related to ICP, especially the absolute values or pulse amplitude. ICP waveforms should be better explored, along with the potential of non-invasive methods once the different aspects of ICC can be measured.Conclusion: ICC monitoring could be considered a complementary resource for ICP monitoring and clinical examination. The combination and validation of invasive/non-invasive or non-invasive measurement methods are required.

Piezoelectric Sensor for the Monitoring of Arterial Pulse Wave: Detection of Arrhythmia Occurring in PAC/PVC Patients.

Previous studies have found that the non-invasive blood pressure measurement method based on the oscillometric method is inaccurate when an arrhythmia occurs. Therefore, we propose a high-sensitivity pulse sensor that can measure the hemodynamic characteristics of the pulse wave and then estimate the blood pressure. When an arrhythmia occurs, the hemodynamics of the pulse wave are abnormal and change the morphology of the pulse wave. Our proposed sensor can measure the occurrence of ectopic beats from the radial artery, and the detection algorithm can reduce the error of blood pressure estimation caused by the distortion of ectopic beats that occurs when the pulse wave is measured. In this study, we tested patients with premature atrial contraction (PAC) or premature ventricular contraction (PVC) and analyzed the morphology of the pulse waves when the sensor detected the ectopic beats. We discuss the advantages of using the Moens–Korteweg equation to estimate the blood pressure of patients with arrhythmia, which is different from the oscillometric method. Our research provides a possible arrhythmia detection method for wearable devices and can accurately estimate blood pressure in a non-invasive way during an arrhythmia.

In vitro validation of a non-invasive continuous blood pressure measurement method for the perioperative application

Abstract Hypotensive periods during surgery lead to an increase in postoperative complications. To further avoid the adverse events associated with the invasive measurement of the blood pressure, a perioperative, continuous, non-invasive blood pressure measurement method was developed. The precision of the method was tested for different mean pressure values and different thicknesses of the tissue model using a specifically designed and validated simulator that has the characteristics of the lower arm. The mean pressure difference between the pressure determined by the proposed method and simulated blood pressure from the simulator was 3.93 mmHg (±4.75 mmHg) for the systole and 4.89 mmHg (±6.10 mmHg) for the diastole. The results showed that the method can be a promising alternative to invasive blood pressure measurement methods.

PTT-based Contact-less Blood Pressure Measurement using an RGB-Camera

Abstract Commonly used blood pressure measurement devices have noticeable limitations in accuracy, measuring time, comfort or safety. To overcome these limitations, we developed and tested a surrogate-based, non-invasive blood pressure measurement method using an RGB-camera. Our proposed method employs the relation between the pulse transit time (PTT) and blood pressure. Two remote photoplethysmography (rPPG) signals at different distances from the heart are extracted to calculate the temporal delay of the pulse wave. In order to establish the correlation between the PTT values and the blood pressure, a regression model is trained and evaluated. Tests were performed with five subjects, where each subject was recorded fifteen times for 30 seconds. Since the physiological parameters of the cardiac system are different for each person, an individual calibration is required to obtain the systolic and diastolic blood pressure from the PTT values. The calibration results are limited by the small number of samples and the accuracy of the reference system. However, our results show a strong correlation between the PTT values and the blood pressure and we obtained a mean error of 0.18 +/- 5.50 mmHg for the diastolic blood pressure and 0.01 +/- 7.71 mmHg for the systolic pressure, respectively.

High Voltage Circuit Breaker Vibration Signature Indices Evaluation for Condition Assessment

Abstract The importance of the high voltage circuit breaker for the power system’s safe and reliable operation is paramount. This research aims to analyse and provide the most significant high voltage circuit breaker health state indices based on the non-invasive vibration fingerprint measurement method. Results obtained and presented in this paper are validated on the data set acquired from the vacuum circuit breaker.

Movement filtered heart rate variability (HRV) data from a chest-worn sensor

Abstract Recording of heart rate variability (HRV) is a noninvasive and continuous measurement method that allows investigating the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and its reaction to environmental influences. For a precise measurement of HRV data, a carefully chosen study design and environment is required to minimize secondary influences. One major influence to be avoided is movement. However, in the daily routine and for some scientific questions, movement can often not be avoided. If so, a manual or automated method to differentiate between artifacts caused by body movement and the actual psychophysiological effect is needed to ensure the data quality. In this approach, a chest-worn sensor was developed, that measures the heart rate using a single lead ECG and filters the measured change of the HRV caused by movement. Data from an integrated accelerometer is used to detect upper body movements that affect the resting heart rate. The movementcorresponding time stamps are then used to filter the Interbeat Intervals (IBI) accordingly. Functionality and effectiveness of the sensor system have been tested against state-of-the art sports- or clinical devices in varying scenarios. As our test series showed, motion filtering has a decisive effect when motion occurs, two-thirds of all cases showed a significant effect of motion filtering, with small to medium effect sizes for the parameters SD2, SD2/SD1, and SDNN. Thereby, automatic filtering of motion artifacts can help to significantly reduce the need for costly post-processing of distorted data sets. The results show a better data quality of HRV measurement, a method that is commonly used for the investigation of physiological processes in the field of chronic pain, psychology, psychiatry, or sports medicine.

Acid-base balance in the regulation of tumor growth: value for the clinicians

Tumor acidosis affects every stage of cancer development, from dysplasia to full-blown metastatic disease. Survival strategies of malignant cells in an acidic microenvironment and pH gradient inversion promote resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy, and suppress the antitumor immune response. It is necessary to consider the low pH of the microenvironment both when diagnosing and when choosing the most optimal treatment regimen. The development of methods for non-invasive measurement of tumor pH, methods for direct and indirect correction of acidosis, new pH-activated and pH-targeted drugs is required. In this work, we consider some aspects related to the altered acid-base state of the tumor, which may be significant for the clinician.

Normal Spleen Size in Adults in Kirkuk Population Using Ultrasound Scan

Background: Splenomegaly is a clinically important finding, particularly for physicians required to make decisions on variety of disease status including infectious, storage diseases and malignant disorders. Objective diagnostic measures have been proposed as a useful step in making decisions in those patients using ultrasonography, as it‘s a noninvasive, established, safe, quick and accurate method for measurement of spleen size. There are racial differences in normal splenic size, as previous ultrasound data have been suggested. These differences in splenic size result in improper interpretation of splenic measurements. Objectives: To develop standards of normal range of splenic length (as indicator for splenic size) for our adult population based on gender, age and body mass index using ultrasound scan. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in the department of Radiology in Azadi Teaching Hospital, Kirkuk, Iraq within a period from May 2013 to April 2016. The study was conducted among 303 adult individuals (120 males and 183 females), they were healthy individuals more than 18 years old not suffering from diseases affecting the spleen, the exclusion criteria were individuals not willing to participate; history of medical disorders affecting spleen, such as blood, metabolic and connective tissue diseases, portal hypertension, high body temperature within the last month of examination, malignancy, and pregnancy. Maximum splenic length in centimeters was assessed at level of splenic hilum on the longitudinal view using 5 MHz sector curvilinear transducer probe for trans-abdominal Ultrasonography. 2-tailed t test was used to assess the differences between continues variables. The Relationship of length of spleen with age, and body mass index (BMI) were assessed with the Pearson‘s correlation coefficient (r). Results: The mean age of the study sample was 38.05±15.58 years for male and 37.23±13.98 for female, their mean body height was 173.1±46 cm for male and 159.70±4.88 cm for female, their body weight was 83.42±16.70 kg for male and 73.19±15.90 Kg for female and mean BMI were 27.86 ±5.42 for male and 28.58±6.27 for female. Mean spleen length were 10.65±1.41 for male and 9.52±1.25 for female. There was significant correlation between spleen length and gender (p< 0.05). There was weak negative correlation with age, and weak positive relation between the splenic length and BMI. Conclusion: This study provides the values of normal splenic size by ultrasonography in adults‘ for both genders at Kirkuk city. The splenic size had weak positive correlation with body mass index (BMI), and weak negative correlation with age.

Методи вимірювання артеріального тиску лікарями та пацієнтами

Артеріальний тиск (АТ), що вимірюється лікарем на прийомі в кабінеті, називається офісним АТ, в домашніх умовах — домашнім АТ. Коли пацієнт самостійно вимірює артеріальний тиск в домашніх умовах — самомоніторування АТ. Коли АТ вимірюється протягом доби за допомогою спеціального портативного приладу — амбулаторне або добове (24-годинне) моніторування АТ. Аускультативний метод на сьогодні є офіційним еталоном неінвазивного визначення АТ для діагностики артеріальної гіпертензії. Крім того, він використовується для неінвазивної верифікації автоматичних вимірювачів артеріального тиску. На даний момент осцилометричні прилади становлять більше 80 % усіх автоматичних і напівавтоматичних приладів для побутового вимірювання АТ. Серед сучасних професійних апаратів для амбулаторного вимірювання і моніторування АТ осцилометричні прилади становлять близько половини, до 25 % — аускультативні і 25 % — комбіновані прилади. Найбільш простим ручним приладом для вимірювання артеріального тиску залишається ртутний сфігмоманометр. Саме при використанні ртутних сфігмоманометрів була доведена точність самого методу неінвазивного вимірювання артеріального тиску за Ріва-Роччі і Коротковим. Заборона ртуті в багатьох країнах сприяла розвитку і поширенню напів- і повністю автоматичних приладів для вимірювання артеріального тиску методом осцилометрії. АТ вимірюється двічі, з інтервалом 2–3 хвилини, і фіксується середня цифра з двох вимірів. Якщо різниця між результатами становить більше 5 мм рт.ст., необхідно ще раз виміряти артеріальний тиск.

Decomposition and evaluation of SEMG for hand prostheses control

The evaluation of electromyogram signals (EMG) has been at the core of prosthetic control applications in the last decade, as prosthetic hands have become a valuable replacement for amputees for regaining some of the capabilities of their missing hand. The use of EMG signals as an input in decision-making systems offers a potential possibility for hand movement classification in the field of health and technology. The EMG signal can be recorded either using noninvasive or invasive measurement methods, however for many applications of human-computer interaction, non-invasiveness is a must. So, in this paper, seven different daily hand activities were recorded using surface electromyogram (SEMG) signals and analyzed using a statistical analysis approach to examine muscle force relationship based on analysis of variance and principal component analysis for hand movement interpretation. Muscle classification for control applications is essential to carrying out these activities, and once an appropriate algorithm for signal analysis is ready, the features of the signal can be easily investigated prior designing a prosthetic hand.

A Method for Reconstruction of Boiler Combustion Temperature Field Based on Acoustic Tomography

Acoustic tomography (AT), as a noninvasive temperature measurement method, can achieve temperature field measurement in harsh environments. In order to achieve the measurement of the temperature distribution in the furnace and improve the accuracy of AT reconstruction, a temperature field reconstruction algorithm based on the radial basis function (RBF) interpolation method optimized by the evaluation function (EF-RBFI for short) is proposed. Based on a small amount of temperature data obtained by the least square method (LSM), the RBF is used for interpolation. And, the functional relationship between the parameter of RBF and the root-mean-square (RMS) error of the reconstruction results is established in this paper, which serves as the objective function for the effect evaluation, so as to determine the optimal parameter of RBF. The detailed temperature description of the entire measured temperature field is finally established. Through the reconstruction of three different types of temperature fields provided by Dongfang Boiler Works, the results and error analysis show that the EF-RBFI algorithm can describe the temperature distribution information of the measured combustion area globally and is able to reconstruct the temperature field with high precision.

Accuracy of non-invasive body temperature measurement methods in critically ill patients: a prospective, bicentric, observational study

Objective: The accuracy of different non-invasive body temperature measurement methods in intensive care unit (ICU) patients is uncertain. We aimed to study the accuracy of three commonly used methods.Design: Prospective observational study.Setting: ICUs of two tertiary Australian hospitals.Participants: Critically ill patients admitted to the ICU.Interventions: Invasive (intravascular and intra-urinary bladder catheter) and non-invasive (axillary chemical dot, tympanic infrared, and temporal scanner) body temperature measurements were taken at study inclusion and every 4 hours for the following 72 hours.Main outcome measures: Accuracy of non-invasive body temperature measurement methods was assessed by the Bland–Altman approach, accounting for repeated measurements and significant explanatory variables that were identified by regression analysis. Clinical adequacy was set at limits of agreement (LoA) of 1°C compared with core temperature.Results: We studied 50 consecutive critically ill patients who were mainly admitted to the ICU after cardiac surgery. From over 375 observations, invasive core temperature (mostly pulmonary artery catheter) ranged from 33.9°C to 39°C. On average, the LoA between invasive and non-invasive measurements methods were about 3°C. The temporal scanner showed the worst performance in estimating core temperature (bias, 0.66°C; LoA, –1.23°C, +2.55°C), followed by tympanic infrared (bias, 0.44°C; LoA, –1.73°C, +2.61°C) and axillary chemical dot methods (bias, 0.32°C; LoA, –1.64°C, +2.28°C). No methods achieved clinical adequacy even accounting for significant explanatory variables.Conclusions: The axillary chemical dot, tympanic infrared and temporal scanner methods are inaccurate measures of core temperature in ICU patients. These non-invasive methods appeared unreliable for use in ICU patients.

Relationship between the ratio of optic nerve sheath diameter to eyeball transverse diameter and morphological characteristics of dogs.

To assess the feasibility of ocular ultrasonography for measurement of the ratio of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) to eyeball transverse diameter (ETD) in dogs with various morphologies and to evaluate the interobserver reliability of the ONSD/ETD ratio and its correlation with various morphological variables. 45 healthy dogs of various breeds. Height, head circumference, body weight, body condition score, intraocular pressure, and blood pressure were recorded for each dog. Unsedated dogs underwent bilateral ocular ultrasonography once. A veterinarian and board-certified ophthalmologist who were unaware of subject signalment independently reviewed the ultrasonographic videos and selected 1 image for each eye on which the ETD and ONSD were measured. The ONSD/ETD ratio was calculated and compared between the 2 observers. Correlations between the ONSD/ETD ratio and various physiologic and morphological variables were assessed. 172 ONSD/ETD ratios were recorded. The ONSD/ETD ratio was calculated for at least 1 eye for 44 of the 45 (98%) dogs. Mean ± SD time required to complete the ultrasonographic examination was 90 ± 30 seconds (range, 15 seconds to 3 minutes). The mean ± SD ONSD/ETD ratio was 0.17 ± 0.01 (range, 0.15 to 0.20). The ONSD/ETD ratio did not differ significantly between the left and right eyes or the 2 observers and was not correlated with any of the variables assessed. Ocular ultrasonography was a rapid, noninvasive, and reliable method for measurement of the ONSD/ETD ratio. The ONSD/ETD ratio did not appear to be influenced by dog morphology.

Prediction of IGBT junction temperature using improved cuckoo search-based extreme learning machine

The insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is one of the most widely used power transistors in switching and industrial control systems. Its actual junction temperature plays a critical factor in determining the dynamic performance, reliability and life-time of the device. Although some noninvasive measurement methods such as optical and physical contact methods may be used to estimate the junction temperature, the measurement accuracy is very sensitive to the measured position. Therefore, the prediction using cuckoo search-based extreme learning machine for junction temperature is developed to reach a high-accuracy solution without measured-location sensitivity. Firstly, the accelerated aging and single pulse tests in IGBT are implemented to collect the IGBT failure related parameters, e.g. collector-emitter saturation voltage (VCE(sat)), junction temperature, collector current (Ic) and the aging cycles number. With the curved surface fitting for the collected data, the relationship between the junction temperature and the other parameters can be formed. Based on the extreme learning machine optimized by the improved Cuckoo Search method, called ICS-ELM, VCE(sat), Ic and the aging cycles number are taken as input, and the output is the predicted junction temperature. The performance results reveal that the determination coefficient (R2) by ICS-ELM model achieves the optimal value, i.e. 0.9975, which is superior to the curved surface fitting method, Cuckoo search optimizing extreme learning machine, support vector machine and extreme learning machine.