Abstract
Previous studies have found that the non-invasive blood pressure measurement method based on the oscillometric method is inaccurate when an arrhythmia occurs. Therefore, we propose a high-sensitivity pulse sensor that can measure the hemodynamic characteristics of the pulse wave and then estimate the blood pressure. When an arrhythmia occurs, the hemodynamics of the pulse wave are abnormal and change the morphology of the pulse wave. Our proposed sensor can measure the occurrence of ectopic beats from the radial artery, and the detection algorithm can reduce the error of blood pressure estimation caused by the distortion of ectopic beats that occurs when the pulse wave is measured. In this study, we tested patients with premature atrial contraction (PAC) or premature ventricular contraction (PVC) and analyzed the morphology of the pulse waves when the sensor detected the ectopic beats. We discuss the advantages of using the Moens–Korteweg equation to estimate the blood pressure of patients with arrhythmia, which is different from the oscillometric method. Our research provides a possible arrhythmia detection method for wearable devices and can accurately estimate blood pressure in a non-invasive way during an arrhythmia.
Highlights
In previous studies, arrhythmia has affected the accuracy of blood pressure measured by an oscillometric-based electronic sphygmomanometer [1]
For the local maxima labeling point of each pulse wave, the position of the error within the three points detected by the algorithm is a true positive (TP)
If the position detected by the algorithm is out of the range of three points, or if it is not detected, it is a false negative (FN)
Summary
Arrhythmia has affected the accuracy of blood pressure measured by an oscillometric-based electronic sphygmomanometer [1]. It is necessary to overcome the inaccuracy of the oscillometric method in estimating blood pressure when an arrhythmia occurs. The strength of the pulse wave of the peripheral artery changes [3,4], and the arrhythmia can be detected by monitoring the R–R interval of each pulse wave signal in the envelope curve [5]. The current electronic sphygmomanometer can detect an arrhythmia, but the blood pressure measurement result is inaccurate because the arrhythmia causes the hemodynamics of the artery to change [6]. The pulse wave amplitude attenuates, causing distortion, so the corresponding systolic and diastolic pressure points cannot be accurately estimated from an envelope curve measured with the oscillometric method
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