Prevention Of Noise Pollution Research Articles

Knowledge and perception regarding the prevention of traffic noise pollution among students of North Karnataka

Background: Noise pollution is an insidious and underestimated environmental threat, that poses diverse health risks such as sleep disturbances, cardiovascular ailments, impaired work and academic performance, hearing impairments, and mental health issues. Understanding student’s awareness, perspectives, and attitudes toward traffic noise pollution and its health impacts is crucial. Objective was to evaluate the knowledge and perceptions of students towards traffic noise pollution. Methods: The present study was conducted in Vijayapura during August and September 2023, this cross-sectional study involved 304 students. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the existing knowledge and perceptions regarding traffic noise pollution prevention among students of north Karnataka. Results: Among 304 studied participants, 56.3% were females and 43.8% males. Knowledge analysis that revealed 63.5% with good understanding, while 23% had good perception towards traffic noise pollution. Chi-square analysis showed that knowledge correlated significantly with age (p=0.010), favoring those over 20 years. Gender did not show a significant impact on knowledge (p=0.453). Perception showed age-related significance (p=0.037) but gender showed no significant influence on perception (p=0.721). Conclusions: The study highlighted positive knowledge levels about traffic noise pollution due to its often-overlooked nature. However, only a small portion exhibited favorable perceptions. This highlights the necessity for focused interventions, especially among the younger generation, to address traffic noise pollution effectively. Consistent education and reinforcement of traffic rules could induce positive change in the health and safety of society.

Text analysis of China's noise pollution prevention and control policy from the perspective of policy tools

ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the focus of current policies based on the sample of China's noise pollution prevention and control policy documents, so as to provide policy optimization suggestions for the sound environment development in China and the world. MethodsThis paper mainly uses the content analysis method to construct a three-dimensional analysis framework of "policy tool-policy stage-policy type, "so as to quantitatively analyze the policy texts of 84 noise pollution prevention and control policies issued by China at the national, provincial and municipal levels from 1989 to 2022, and then draw research conclusions and put forward policy recommendations. ResultsIn terms of policy tools, the use of command-and-control type policy tools in the text of noise pollution prevention and control is more than that of economic incentive type policy tools, and there is a certain structural imbalance. In terms of policy stage, the current policy promotion and policy implementation stage of noise pollution prevention and control are not paid enough attention, which leads to the need to strengthen the cohesion of policy stage. In terms of policy types, the effectiveness of noise pollution prevention and control policy tools in the field of industrial noise and traffic noise prevention and control is neglected, and the adaptability of policy tools should be strengthened. ConclusionIn view of this, China and other countries (regions) in the future need to propose targeted and practical strategic measures for different policy areas in the process of formulating noise pollution prevention and control policies. It is summarized as three aspects: (1) The internal structure of the three types of policy tools should be effectively optimized; (2) Using the noise pollution prevention and control policy stage to guide the policy tools to refine the measures; (3) Reasonably enhance the policy adaptation measures in different noise pollution.

Nighttime Construction Noise Disturbance Compensation in Beijing: Taking the Tongzhou New Campus Project of Renmin University of China as an Example

By examining a specific case of compensating for nighttime construction noise in Beijing’s construction projects, we explored how the costs of mitigating construction noise disturbance could be fairly distributed among multiple construction projects near residential areas. In this process, the local government played a crucial coordinating role. According to regulations, construction units must include the costs of preventing and controlling construction noise pollution in the project cost. The construction contract should clearly specify the construction unit’s responsibility for noise pollution prevention and control. After signing the contract, the construction unit should promptly undertake relevant measures to minimize disturbances caused by nighttime construction, aiming to reduce the adverse impacts on the community and ensure the smooth progress of the construction project.

A mini review of the Chinese literature on noise maps

According to the recently published 'Noise pollution prevention and control action plan' by the Chinese government, all the prefecture-level cities should achieve acoustic environmental quality monitoring for the functional areas. The noise map is essential for noise monitoring, evaluation and regulation. This paper reviews the Chinese literature on noise maps in the past three decades, particularly concerning noise indexes. Most studies adopted A-weighted equivalent sound pressure level (LAeq), whereas a few investigated noise pollution index (NPI), noise impact index (NII), and index of noise evaluation model (ANEM) by considering the influence of different functional areas, the distribution of people, and both, respectively. However, studies are mostly based on sound energy parameters and rarely have considered the differences in subjective discomfort for the dynamic evolvement of changing populations among different areas and periods. The appropriate noise evaluation index for noise maps, which can reasonably reflect the influence of noise on people in various functional areas, merits further research. Recommendations for future work in this area are presented.

Adjustable Sound Absorber of Multiple Parallel-Connection Helmholtz Resonators with Tunable Apertures Prepared by Low-Force Stereolithography of Photopolymer Resin.

The variable noise spectrum for many actual application scenarios requires a sound absorber to adapt to this variation. An adjustable sound absorber of multiple parallel-connection Helmholtz resonators with tunable apertures (TA-MPCHRs) is prepared by the low-force stereolithography of photopolymer resin, which aims to improve the applicability of the proposed sound absorber for noise with various frequency ranges. The proposed TA-MPCHR metamaterial contains five metamaterial cells. Each metamaterial cell contains nine single Helmholtz resonators. It is treated as a basic structural unit for an array arrangement. The tunable aperture is realized by utilizing four segments of extendable cylindrical chambers with length l0, which indicates that the length of the aperture l is in the range of [l0, 4l0], and that it is tunable. With a certain group of specific parameters for the proposed TA-MPCHR, the influence of the tunable aperture with a variable length is investigated by acoustic finite element simulation with a two-dimensional rotational symmetric model. For the given noise spectrum of certain actual equipment with four operating modes, the TA-MPCHR sample with a limited total thickness of 40 mm is optimized, which is made of photopolymer resin by the low-force stereolithography, and its actual average sound absorption coefficients for the frequency ranges of 500-800 Hz, 550-900 Hz, 600-1000 Hz and 700-1150 Hz reach 0.9203, 0.9202, 0.9436 and 0.9561, respectively. Relative to common non-adjustable metamaterials, the TA-MPCHR made of photopolymer resin can reduce occupied space and improve absorption efficiency, which is favorable in promoting its practical applications in the noise pollution prevention.

Evaluation of the Leadership Qualities of Principals Regarding the Prevention of Noise Pollution in School: a Case Study

The purpose of this study was to reveal the leadership qualities of school principals in solving a noise problem at school. A single case study was selected as the research design. The study group consisted of primary and secondary school principals, one female and three males, working in the schools where the project was conducted. The main data collection tool of the study was interviews with the school principals. In addition, the study was supported with researcher observations and documents. The data were analyzed with inductive thematic analysis. The data were analyzed with a descriptive, explanatory and interpretive perspective in the context of noise prevention at schools. Four main themes emerged from the interviews with principals regarding noise at schools: "the noise problem," "administrative leadership," ”educational leadership," and "solution suggestions," The results show that participating in a project to prevent noise at schools has increased principals' awareness of noise and improved their leadership qualities in solving the noise problem. Principals are of the opinion that their schools are quieter than before and that the average academic success of their schools has increased. As a result, it has been determined that acoustic improvement, noise awareness training, rule making, discipline, value creation and culture formation are needed to create a quiet learning environment at schools.

Measuring the monetary value of environmental externalities derived from urban underground facilities: Towards a better understanding of sustainable underground spaces

The development of underground spaces has been regarded as a major contributor to urban environmental sustainability. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the environmental externalities of urban underground facilities (UUFs) due to the lack of a bespoke tool for the identification and monetary valuation of such externalities, resulting in the irrational use of underground spaces. To this end, this study systematically explores the categories of environmental externalities tailored to UUFs, considering both environmental contributions and losses. Furthermore, the framework of the replacement/restoration cost method (RCM) was employed to measure the environmental externalities of UUFs in monetary terms, and the framework was then applied to a series of representative UUFs in China as a case study. The results indicate that the monetary value of the environmental externalities derived from UUFs is non-negligible compared to its construction cost, and the positive externalities dramatically outweigh the negative ones. In addition, there are apparent differences in the constituents of externalities among different types of UUFs. It is found that the effects of energy conservation, air pollution and noise pollution prevention proved to be the main contributions of UUFs to sustainability. This study aims to provide a useful model for the identification and measurement of the environmental externalities derived from UUFs, thus aiding in the decision support of underground space planning, as well as obtaining a sound understanding of the role of underground spaces in sustainable development.

Green Infrastructure of Post-USSR Cities for Prevention of Noise Pollution

The green infrastructure provides many different benefits for the environment and for human well-being. One of these benefits – protecting from noise pollution. The study of the deterioration of the ecological situation in cities is associated not only with the study of natural but also with physical environmental factors of natural and artificial origin. Increasingly, physical factors are defined as risk factors for the urban population and belong to the group of anthropogenic factors. Increased urbanization, mechanization of processes and the development of the transport network are intensifying influences for citizens. Territorial organization of the urban landscape in post-USSR cities, is quite complex and has signs of spontaneous formation, without protective function of green infrastructure from noise pollution. The aim of this research is to measure noise levels in Moskovsky district in Kharkiv, Ukraine. Kharkiv is a large industrial city and noise pollution is a considerable factor of influence on the environment. Based on these tasks, we have analyzed noise pollution in Moskovsky district in Kharkiv. Were identified 80 experimental points. Noise measurement was performed using an instrument “Digital Sound Level Meter”. Was made the noise maps for working day and weekend in the mornings and in the evenings. For mapping was used QGIS instrument interpolation. The normal level of noise for this district is 60-70 according to the Ukrainian normative document. The WHO recommends the level of noise less than 20-30 decibels. According to this also was analyzed the change in the noise level in the zones of green spaces and was studied the objects of green infrastructure witch reduce noise in the cities.

Key Points of Acoustic Consultation for Highway Noise barrier Design Optimization

Noise barrier treatment is a traffic noise pollution prevention project. Many domestic residents along high-grade highways are densely distributed and there are many sensitive points in the acoustic environment. Traffic noise will have a large environmental impact along the route. The design of the noise barrier from the EIA stage to the construction stage is inconsistent with the actual situation. Therefore, in order to improve and optimize the noise reduction measures along the line and reasonably control the cost of the noise barrier project, many should be optimized. We shoud clarify the noise barrier installation location, scale, acoustic material technical requirements, standards, and engineering cost estimates, focusing on the principle of no reduction in noise reduction, strong operability, and economical practicality, in order to highlight the purpose of reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

Preliminary Assessment of Noise Pollution Prevention in Wind Turbines Based on an Exergy Approach

Most existing methods for energy transformation and use are inadvertently contaminating our water supplies, releasing greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere, emitting compounds that diminish the earth's protective blanket of ozone, and depleting the earth's crust of natural resources. As a result, scientists and engineers are increasingly pursuing sustainable technologies so that costs associated with global warming can be minimized and adverse impact on living organisms can be prevented. A promising sustainable method is to harness energy from the wind via wind turbines. However, the noise generated by wind turbines proves to be one of the most significant hindrances to the extensive use of wind turbines. In this study, noise generation produced by flow over objects is investigated to characterize the noise generated due to flow-structure interaction and aeroacoustics. As a benchmark, flow over a cylinder has been chosen for this study, with the aim of correlating three main characteristics in noise generation. Hence, the generated sound pressure level, exergy destroyed and the normal flow velocity (∪ ∞) are employed to characterize the system in order to relate the exergy destruction to the noise generated in the flow. The correlation has the potential to be used in wind turbine designs to minimize noise pollution due to aerodynamic noise.

Preliminary Assessment of Noise Pollution Prevention in Wind Turbines Based on an Exergy Approach

Most existing methods for energy transformation and use are inadvertently contaminating our water supplies, releasing greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere, emitting compounds that diminish the earth's protective blanket of ozone, and depleting the earth's crust of natural resources. As a result, scientists and engineers are increasingly pursuing sustainable technologies so that costs associated with global warming can be minimized and adverse impact on living organisms can be prevented. A promising sustainable method is to harness energy from the wind via wind turbines. However, the noise generated by wind turbines proves to be one of the most significant hindrances to the extensive use of wind turbines. In this study, noise generation produced by flow over objects is investigated to characterize the noise generated due to flow-structure interaction and aeroacoustics. As a benchmark, flow over a cylinder has been chosen for this study, with the aim of correlating three main characteristics in noise generation. Hence, the generated sound pressure level, exergy destroyed and the normal flow velocity (∪ ∞) are employed to characterize the system in order to relate the exergy destruction to the noise generated in the flow. The correlation has the potential to be used in wind turbine designs to minimize noise pollution due to aerodynamic noise.

Platinum-induced hearing loss after treatment for childhood cancer.

Platinum-induced hearing loss after treatment for childhood cancer.

Prevention of Noise Pollution caused by Highways in Settlement Areas via a Noise Insulation System

The noise, which is taken as unimportant at first glance, had become one of the most important factors, causing pollution of environment, because of civilization. Together with the industrial development, mechanization in work places, increase in the number of highways, increased traffic load had made the noise an important problem in pollution and prevention of environment. In this project prevention of the noise caused by the intensive traffic and heavy vehicles in highways in settlement centers is aimed. When preparing the noise barrier system, it is considered that a double glass vacuumed insulation system placed on highway sides can prevent the noise, with the thought that the sound cannot propagate in space. A vehicle had been located and moved in the model road, and simultaneous noise measurements had been performed during the movement on both the road and outside of the double glass insulation system. After the results of noise measurements it is seen that the noise decreases by 14%-17% and reaches to acceptable normal conservation level 57-64 dB (decibel). Double glass insulation system had also prevented the panoroma pollution.

Railway Noise Pollution Prevention in Terms of Regulations: Case Study of Istanbul

Railway Noise Pollution Prevention in Terms of Regulations: Case Study of Istanbul

Sensitizing Steel Industrial Workers on Dangers and Prevention of Noise Pollution: For Industrial Health, Theory and Practice

This present “sensitizing steel industrial workers on dangers and prevention of noise pollution: for industrial health, theory and practice.” Hearing inefficiency variables analyzed are: (i) Hearing health and noisy (ii) Danger of noise to hearing apparatus. (iii) Types and characteristic of hearing protective devices. (iv) Hazard of hearing protective devices. (v) Signals on utility of hearing protective devices. (vi) Technicalities inherent in hearing protectors. It was concluded that: (A) Healing protective devices are not worn by workers in noisy industries. (B) Stakeholders in noisy industries do not have the knowledge of hearing problems. It was recommended among others as follows: (I) There should be close surveillance on workers’ compliance to wearing hearing protective devices in noisy environment. (II) Industrial workers in noisy environment must be educated on the hazards of nude to their ears and hearing efficiency.

Noise monitoring and adverse health effects in residents in different functional areas of Luzhou, China.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the noise pollution situation and the resulting adverse effect on residents' health in Luzhou, China, to provide data for noise pollution prevention policies and interventions. Four different functional areas (commercial, construction, residential, and transportation hub areas) were chosen to monitor noise level for 3 months. The survey was performed by questionnaire on the spot on randomly selected individuals; it collected data on the impact of noise on residents' health (quality of sleep, high blood pressure, subjective feeling of nervous system damage, and attention) as well as the knowledge of noise-induced health damage, the degree of adaptation to noise, and their solutions. The noise levels of residential, commercial, transportation, and construction areas exceeded the national standards (P < .001). Sleep quality, prevalence of hypertension, and attention in transportation hub areas were significantly different from those in the other 3 areas (P < .05); only 24.46% of people knew the health hazards associated with noise; 64.57% of residents have adapted to the current noise environment. Most of them have to close the doors and windows to reduce noise. The noise pollution situation in Luzhou, China, is serious, especially the traffic noise pollution. Residents pay less attention to it and adopt single measures to reduce the noise. We should work toward the prevention and control of traffic noise and improve the residents' awareness to reduce the adverse health effects of noise.

Concepts and Simulated Testing of Active Railway-Wheels

The prevention of noise pollution has become one of the major concerns in science in general. Especially transportation systems have come into focus and as a tender point the noise of railways and trains. Several passive methods have been evolved to reduce the noise emission of trains in the past decades. Within the project ”Next-Generation- Train” governed by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) new active methods for noise reduction are reviewed. This paper focuses on sound radiation of wheels and thereby reviews different concepts for including active materials and sensors into a wheel. Firstly patch-actuators are applied to the web and secondly stack-actuators are positioned normal to the web. These concepts are thoroughly simulated for sufficient control of the inherent vibrations of the wheel. The more effective solution is selected. This solution is being transferred into a modal state-space system and exported from the finite element simulation. A tool synthesizes a suboptimal H1-controller for the active wheel using the normal surface velocity as controlled variable. Simulations of the control loop show that active reduction of vibration is possible with the chosen concept. Reductions of normal surface velocity of up to 20 dB are achieved. In comparison to existing passive methods this reduction is quite respectable and encourages further testing on this issue.

Self-reported hearing quality of traffic policemen: A questionnaire-based study

Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of traffic policemen towards the health effects caused by noise pollution. Materials and Methods: The present questionnaire-based study was carried out among 86 traffic policemen randomly selected for an awareness workshop for prevention of noise pollution. The questionnaire included questions regarding the self-assessment of the policemen about their hearing ability, past and present exposure to loud sound and the use of personal protective devices such as earplugs and earmuffs. The questionnaire was filled up by the subjects. The data analysis was carried out using Epi Info 3.3.2 and included calculation of percentages and proportions and application of the test of significance. Results: The mean age was 39.2 ± 7.8 years and the mean years of exposure was 2.1 ± 1.8 years. Only 2.3% of the subjects felt that their hearing ability was below average. 11.6% complained of regular tinnitus, while 62.8% had work-related tinnitus and experienced it during working hours only. Only 4.7% used earplugs and that too, very seldom. Reasons for non-usage of earplugs/earmuffs included non-availability (65.1%), discomfort (11.6%), bad fit (2.3%), personal dislike (16.3%) and headache caused by its use (4.7%). 67.4% subjects did not use any method to reduce exposure to noise, while remaining used fingers, hands and cotton to avoid noise exposure. Conclusion: The self-assessment of hearing by traffic policemen suggests that most of the traffic policemen have normal hearing. However, a systematic study with audiometry of these subjects is recommended.

Measures for the Prevention of Noise Pollution from the Point of View of Urban Transportation Planning

Measures for the Prevention of Noise Pollution from the Point of View of Urban Transportation Planning