NodeMCU Research Articles

System monitoring of solar power plant using NODE MCU ESP8266 based on IOT

System monitoring of solar power plant using NODE MCU ESP8266 based on IOT

Remote Healthcare: Development of a Centralized Patient Monitoring System for Ward Patients.

Patient monitoring is an essential practice in healthcare settings to assess well-being and medical conditions. This study proposes a central patient monitoring system enabling healthcare personnel to have a comprehensive perspective of multiple patients' health state from a central location. The proposed prototype enables healthcare providers to detect and respond to changes in patients' condition efficiently. The project contains multiple patient monitoring units with each measuring temperature, ECG, SpO2, and heart rate along with a display on a centralized screen. The hardware of monitors is placed at each patient bed connected with all the patients and the result of each patient can be seen from the general ward counter. Different sensors are used to design monitoring units and are connected with node MCU through different pin connections. Node MCU sends the information gathered from sensors to the Raspberry pi unit using Wi-Fi. The real-time data of patients are being displayed and saved using server “thing speak”. There are different options on the server window to switch between different patients’ real time results to monitor them. The proposed prototype uses computer technology to monitor the vital signs of multiple patients on a single monitor from a centralized location using internet which may eventually reduce the time and workload of medical staff leading to improved patient care.

Empowering the Disabled and Elderly: A Voice Control Unit for Assistive Technology

The vast development of the technology of embedded systems has had a great impact on the healthcare field. Using low-cost, robust parts, this research proposes an innovative technology and design that enables paralyzed patients or elderly individuals to have a smart room with a voice recognition control unit that works like a joystick for various purposes. The aim is to create an environment that meets their needs and increases their independence, thereby improving their quality of life. The research will show the design of the control unit and present the various applications that can be programmed using voice commands, such as a wheelchair, bed, temperature, lights, TV, and alarm. The voice recognition module will be trained using the patient's voice, for example, to change the movement direction of a wheelchair. The system is based on training the Voice Recognition Module v3 with the use of Arduino and Node MCU. The results of the commendable accuracy of the English word response in a quiet environment ranged between 90% and 100% at the 0.2-meter distance and 50% and 100% at the 0.5-meter distance. While in a noisy environment, it ranged between 40% and 100% at the 0.2-meter distance and 10%–90% at the 0.5-meter distance. As for the Arabic-pronounced words, they ranged between 60% and 100% at the 0.2-meter distance and 30% and 100% at the 0.5-meter distance in a quiet environment. And, in a noisy environment, it ranged between 30% and 100% at the 0.2-meter distance and 10% and 100% at the 0.5-meter distance.

Nepali Virtual AI Assistant

With the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), much of our regular redundant work that does not require critical thinking is replaced by machines. The scope of the Internet of Things (IoT) is also increasing due to AI. IoT acts as a suitable platform for the application of AI in real life. In this paper, we present a Virtual AI Assistant that combines AI with IoT. Our system uses an ESP8266 (Node MCU) chip as the core microcontroller for the home automation application. It is an IoT-compatible microcontroller with a cloud connectivity feature that is accomplished with the help of WiFi (Wireless fidelity). This allows home appliances such as lights, fans, rice cookers, etc. to be controlled by desktop or mobile applications from any part of the world. Our system uses speech recognition as its primary source for controlling the application. The speech recognition feature can detect and distinguish people’s voices which is a handy feature in terms of security and privacy. Other than IoT, software features such as note-making, application initiators, web navigation, and automatic typing through speech recognition are also implemented in this system. Our work also makes use of the Nepali language for IoT applications for switching home appliances on and off. The AI model was trained from scratch manually for the Nepali language as proper audio datasets for the Nepali language are not available. Our work in the development of Nepali Virtual AI Assistant is to integrate hardware and software with AI to create user-friendly automation and ease in people’s daily lives.

Real time Cloud based fishes health monitoring using IoT.

This work is based on a prototype model for the Fishery Management System with the help of Internet of Things i.e., IOT. The proposed system works on IOT & provides real-time monitoring of the fishery system. With the help of various hardware & software devices like Sensors & the Arduino Cloud, data from the fishery system can be collected and analysed using the Cloud which also helps in maintenance of the fishes from time to time. This also helps in creating awareness about the fish whenever necessary. Along with IOT, Water Level Sensor, Temperature Sensor & pH Sensor is also used to measure the water level, temperature level and get the pH values in the system. The system can be made automatic as well as configured according to the requirement for the survival of the fishes. The Node MCU ESP8266 helps in collecting the information through the sensors & display it in the Cloud which can be accessed from Smartphones, PCs, and Tablets etc.

Development of real-time energy monitoring system using IoT base

This paper aims to develop a real-time energy monitoring system based on smart metering to enhance energy efficiency in the single-phase residential sector. Based on the concept of low-cost IoT devices, this intelligent meter system is designed to monitor household energy consumption. It provides real-time information on a graphical Node-RED Dashboard, making it easy for households to track and manage their energy usage. The hardware of the power metering system included the Node MCU ESP8266, the PZEM-004T, and a cloud server built on the Raspberry Pi for storing electricity consumption data by using Node-RED to connect devices via an application programming interface system. This system can help analyze the electricity consumption behavior in the residential sector. It is a guideline for selecting the electricity rate between the TOD and TOU rates. The results found that in the electrical energy measurements of households 1 and 2, the mean deviations were 0.8758% and 0.5523%, respectively. The electricity cost-saving results when changing the electricity tariff from the TOD rate of households 1 and 2 to the TOU rate. It was found that electricity costs can be saved by 0.2807% and 1.0936%, respectively. The most critical variable is electricity consumption during peak periods. In the case study of household 1, if the electricity consumption during the peak period is less than 13%, it will be appropriate to select the Time of Use rate. In household 2, if there is electricity consumption during the peak period, less than 38% would be appropriate to choose the type of electricity user with a TOU rate.

An Eco-Friendly and Low Cost IoT based Room Temperature Control by Fan Speed Regulation for Tropical Use

This work presents an Internet of Things (IoT) based room temperature monitoring and control system by fan speed regulation developed for use in rooms of tropical regions of West Africa. In this work, cutting-edge technologies were integrated, including IoT, and cloud- based monitoring to create a system capable of dynamically remote controlling fan speed based on real- time temperature data. The Dallas DS18B20 Waterproof Temperature Sensor serves as the cornerstone for accurate temperature monitoring. A Microcontroller (Node MCU ESP8266) with Wi-Fi Module facilitates IoT connectivity, allowing users to remotely monitor and control the system through the Blynk Cloud and the Blynk App. A 12V DC table fan, driven by a MOSFET which is being controlled through Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) by the microcontroller, enables fine- tuned speed adjustments. A 16x2 LCD display provides real-time feedback on current temperature and fan speed percentage, enhancing user awareness. The microcontroller programming involves the implementation of an adaptive algorithm for dynamic fan speed control based on the room temperature, user settings and some preset parameters conditioned for tropical region of West Africa. By dynamically adjusting fan speed based on real-time temperature data, the system optimizes energy consumption, providing sustainable and eco-friendly solutions. The circuit was designed and simulated in Proteus software, the code was written in Arduino IDE, tested on breadboard, implemented finally on Veroboard and all fitted inside a suitable box. After testing the system, it worked as expected and it was observed that the fan speed increases as the room temperature increases and vice versa. Also, the fan speed depends both on the room temperature and the set threshold value. It was also observed that the speed of the fan is at its maximum when the temperature is above 40°C. Thus, the developed system is good for room temperature control in the tropical region of West Africa.

AN AUTOMATED CROP MONITORING AND IRRIGATION SYSTEM WITH PREDICTIVE ANALYSIS

Background: The rising global population and decreasing agricultural land challenge the food supply, worsened by land degradation and water scarcity. Using IoT solutions, precision farming offers promise for addressing these issues by enhancing productivity, profitability, and environmental sustainability. The paper proposes an IoT-based automated monitoring and irrigation system with predictive analysis as a solution. Aims: To develop an IoT-based irrigation model with cloud computing, a mobile app for remote monitoring and irrigation control, and a predictive analysis method for forecasting weather conditions. Methods: IoT sensors are connected to a node MCU, and they monitor real-time temperature, humidity, and soil moisture. A water pump adjusts irrigation accordingly. Data is sent to ThingSpeak for visualization and Firebase for storage and is accessible via a mobile app. Predictive analysis combines sensor and historical weather data using the Random Forest algorithm to optimize irrigation. This determines the ideal irrigation frequency, duration, and timing based on predicted temperature and soil moisture levels, ensuring optimal soil moisture for plant growth. Results: The system exhibited encouraging outcomes. It displayed transformative potential by harnessing IoT, cloud computing, and predictive analytics. Offering precise soil moisture monitoring, instant data access, and tailored advice, the system can elevate crop management, streamline water consumption, and boost productivity among Indian farmers. Discussion: The automated crop monitoring and irrigation system has transformative potential in farming. Some future scope and enhancements may include broadening crop compatibility, integrating satellite data, enhancing pest monitoring, improving connectivity, enriching the mobile app, scaling up through partnerships, and refining the predictive models. Conclusions: The IoT-driven crop monitoring system revolutionizes Indian agriculture by optimizing irrigation and integrating weather forecasts. With mobile app enhancements and future improvements, it promises sustainable farming and empowerment for farmers.

Design and Build “Smart Key Tracking Systems with RFID and Arduino Mega” for Use in Petrochemical Engineering Department PTSN

The problem concerning key storage at Politeknik Tun Syed Nasir Syed Ismail (PTSN) systems is a lack of systematic administration, leading to uncontrolled and insecure essential management procedures. Consequently, the objective is to create an intelligent key tracking system (SKTS) utilizing radio frequency identification (RFID) and Arduino Mega to establish a secure and properly organized key storage system with efficient data management. This project introduces the monitoring system with automated and real-time data collection. SKTS design uses an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller and an ESP8266 Node MCU Wi-Fi module that sends data over the cloud. The project also utilizes the Telegram chat application bot to notify and monitor the keys' retrieval and return. It is also equipped with an RFID reader as a sensor. As the authorized user, once the RFID card is swept, type the selection key number; the solenoid lock for the selected key will open, and the key is free to be picked. The liquid crystal display (LCD) will show the authorized user data and selected room number. A signal will send the information to the Telegram application through a mobile phone to notify the other authorized user. This project successfully achieves its objective by utilizing the Telegram application to notify critical users and authorized individuals when keys are returned. These real-time notifications are visible to all registered group members on the Telegram application. The Likert Scale, which has two points, is established by utilizing data responses from the rubrics form, with evaluators consisting of industrial designers and researchers. The results are subsequently synthesized using qualitative percentages. The responses to the item provided via the rubric assessment form show that the SKTS meets the design, ideal, and functional aspects.

IoT Based Solar Tracking System with Automatic Dust Monitoring System

The most plentiful energy source available to all living things on Earth is solar energy. One way to generate power from sunshine is via the Solar Tracking System. This form of electricity generating uses renewable natural resources. It just needs the most sunshine possible to produce energy. This system tracks light levels to their maximum. By tracking the sun's movement and modifying the panel's angle and orientation accordingly, the technology maximises the effectiveness of solar panels. Using a dust sensor and a nozzle to spray water on the panel when there is a greater accumulation of dust, the cleaning system is used to remove the accumulated dust from its panel surface. Furthermore, the dust sensor continuously tracks the amount of dust accumulating on the panels and, if needed, initiates an automated cleaning procedure. Wi-Fi is used to transfer the system's data through Node MCU, allowing for real-time monitoring and analysis. The suggested system improves the efficiency of solar energy collection.

A Smart IoT Solution for Monitoring and Predicting Grocery Freshness and Quality

According to the statistics,40% of the food produced is wasted before it reaches the consumers. The core problem lies in logistics and infrastructure. Firstly weather varies widely and it makes generalization difficult. This makes it impossible for perishables to naturally survive long-haul transport. Secondly, cold storage facility is not available and affordable to all farmers. Today food spoilage is a crucial problem. The food we consume can affect in any form of contamination that may occur due to storage or chemical changes within the food. This makes it necessary to develop a system that can help people to identify and predict the freshness of food or quality of food items. A smart grocery management system helps users manage groceries in large warehouses and long transportations. Users no longer have to worry about continuous food monitoring. This project aims to ensure the freshness of grocery by predicting the spoilage of grocery in prior and to notify the user about the same so that he can take necessary precautions to prevent grocery spoilage. Continuous analysis of temperature and humidity of the grocery is carried out by using DHT11 Temperature and Humidity sensor to monitor varying parameters of the grocery. ESP8266 Node MCU is used as the main controller of the system which is used to control the sensing action of the sensor. Data collected from the sensor is used to analyse the variations in the values of temperature and humidity when the grocery is fresh and when it is completely spoilt. The humidity and temperature data are sent to the cloud storage by using the Wi-Fi module which is inbuilt to the Node MCU. ThingSpeak cloud platform is set up for the storage purpose which is retrieved back to use it for predicting the spoilage of the grocery which is the main goal of the system. A prediction algorithm is used for this purpose which is basically a combination of machine learning and data mining approach for forecasting or predicting the future values based on some past set of values. The values of fresh grocery has been given as the input to prediction algorithm which is used to predict the future values of temperature and humidity. Predicted values obtained is compared with the spoilt values measured earlier to detect the spoilage of grocery. Predicted status of the grocery has been notified to the user through SMS. Key Words: food, grocery, freshness, prediction

Elderly People Health Care Monitoring System Using Internet of Things (IOT) For Exploratory Data Analysis

The majority of senior persons are suffering a loss of physical condition their health is vital, the prevalence of illnesses has increased in the current age compared to previous generations, making health management in hospital sector. One of the concepts that can harness the advantages of the Internet of Things to better the older lifestyle is health monitoring for active and aided functioning. This approach aims to create a wireless communication system designed to remotely monitor patients. Each patient is wirelessly monitored based on Body temperature is measured via a temperature sensor, which gives an accuracy of around some certain value. The sensor carries a heart rate monitor with a pulse oximetry sensor. There are two light-emitting in it; one produces red light and the other infrared light. For tracking the amount of oxygen in the blood, two infrared LEDs are needed, but only one is needed to calculate the heart rate. The ESP 8266 (Node MCU) controller gathers the data and sends it to the specific application and Communication will be sent again to the consumers based on the data examination. The outcome results manage each patient's data separately and are used in hospitals, old age homes, and physically challenged people. Every sensor of data, such as temperature, heart rate, and abnormal heartbeat, will be managed in the database processed with GPS coordinates and data analyses using Think Speak Web Application is for informing about personal health data.

IoT based Smart Surveillance with Landmine Detection and Alerts

The research uses a Node MCU microcontroller and Internet of Things (IoT) technology to create a robot for handheld applications. The robot has a night vision camera that connects to the internet, allowing it to take photos and videos from a distance, even at night. It also has a metal detector to find landmines and an infrared (IR) sensor to detect obstacles and prevent accidents. These sensors immediately notify and alert users through LCD screens, messages, and buzzers. The research aims to develop a robot with increased accessibility and user friendliness by offering simple manual and operator controls for robotic inspection. The high-definition camera provides clear photos and videos for detailed analysis of any suspects, helping to make informed decisions quickly and improve situational awareness. On detecting a landmine, the robot alerts the user through the email and displays the information on the LCD screen, enhancing the safety at checkpoints. The IR sensor helps the robot avoid obstacles by alerting the user and sounding a buzzer when something is detected at a close distance. This feature allows the robot to navigate complex environments safely. Overall the robot is designed to provide a smart surveillance by offering an immediate threat response to handle the security concerns in various situations.

Helping Hands for Handicaps

Abstract: We have more advanced wheelchairs in today's generation. it includes joystick wheelchair, head motion control wheelchair, gesture control wheelchair etc. But with the advance technology it is expensive too, which is not affordable for most of the middle-class families. In order to provide an advanced wheelchair in an affordable price, we have to use less components to reduce the cost so that a person can buy it with a price less than the today’s basic bikes price. To achieve this, we used some basic electronic components such as Arduino MINI and NANO, gyro sensor, Node MCU, Motors etc. To get extra security we integrated some calling and GPS location features too. The person sitting in the wheelchair can control the wheelchair through hand gestures. Additionally, whenever the person sitting in the wheelchair faces any problem, such as if the wheelchair falls, the caretaker will receive a notification and through the GPS location, the caretaker will be able to reach their location.

Empowering Collectors with Real-Time Weather Insights for Optimal Collection Conditions

Abstract: A cutting-edge Air QualitCy Monitoring System leveraging Node MU was developed to tackle the mounting concerns surrounding air pollution. The system comprehensively monitored various parameters including Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Carbon Dioxide, Ozone, Carbon Monoxide, Smoke, temperature, and humidity. To capture pollutant data, sensors such as MQ4, MQ135, MQ9, and DHT11 were employed. These sensors gathered data, which were then processed using an Analog to Digital converter and analyzed utilizing the software capabilities of Node MCU. The experiment was conducted in Rajarhat, New Town, Kolkata, and the obtained results were compared against data from the local environmental control authority. The comparison highlighted the system's effectiveness in providing real-time data for informed decision-making amidst the heightened air pollution prevalent across Indian cities.

A Mobile App Driven Smart Ball Launch System for Solo Sports Training

Abstract: In today's world, athletes face intense competition in a variety of sports, but there are few opportunities for them to practice or evaluate their performance on their own, making it difficult for them to grow. Thus, a system is proposed in this paper that allows players to conveniently practice alone without requiring human assistance and may also help them in analyzing their skills. The method mostly concentrates on tennis game. The automatic ball launches for practice is the main aim of the system. With the assistance of a Node MCU that can interact over the internet, the system gives the user exact control over when to launch balls, what kind of ball to launch, and how to launch them remotely. Which is possible on mobile devices due to Blynk app interface. Typically, the system offers three different ball launch types: over spin, backspin, and rapid ball launch. It also allows for exact speed control of the motors used to make the ball launch.

IOT based noise pollution and water quality monitoring system

Presently, noise pollution has become a very big issue around the world. The adverse effects of this pollution include hearing impairment, negative social behaviour, annoyance, sleep disturbance and intelligibility to understand people’s speech. In learning context, noise can affect understanding and behaviour of people and places with high noise level are not suitable for learning and teaching process. Internet of Things (IoT) technology is one of the best choices to monitor the noise or sound intensity in the environment for the safety of human being. The aim of this paper is to deliver a development of an IoT based noise monitoring system comprises of a sound sensor, an IoT platform called Node MCU, LCD and LEDs. The system will provide a real-time alert if the noise exceeds the threshold noise limit set by Environmental Department of Health standard. Equipped with an Android application, the data from the sound sensor will be transferred into the cloud server and subsequently transferred into the app for display and to enable remote monitoring. A case study is carried out using the developed prototype to ascertain the noise comfort for University Technology Malaysia (UTM) students for studying or learning purpose. The sound level is measured for two different days during weekend and weekday. Based on Charted Institution of Building Service Engineers (CIBSE), 60dBA is the permissible ambient level and any readings that above 60dBA can interrupt speech intelligibility.

Health monitoring system using ECG and PPG techniques

The demand for portable health monitoring systems has grown rapidly in recent years due to the increasing prevalence of chronic diseases and the need for continuous health monitoring. This article introduces the development and implementation of a portable health monitoring system using photo plethysmography (PPG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) technologies. The system integrates the Node MCU ESP8266 microcontroller, AD8232 ECG sensor, and MAX30100 sensor to measure vital signs such as heart rate and blood oxygen saturation level. The proposed system provides a cost-effective and efficient solution for real-time health monitoring, enabling early detection of abnormalities and timely intervention. The feasibility and performance of the system were proven through experimental tests.

Gas Leakage Detection and Prevention Using Sensors and IoT

In today's world, safety is critical, and good safety systems must be put in place. The principal objective of this study is to design a gas sensing and warning system based on Internet Of Things. LPG is used for cooking and in industries. Since LPG is stored and handled by civilian’s, it is easily damaged. In any case, when the gas cylinder, controller, and tube are not in great state, breaks occur, resulting in an issue. Accidents can cause problems such as suffocation and can start fires. Installing gas leakage detectors in vulnerable areas is the most important measure to avoid accidents caused by gas spill. The primary purpose of this study is to propose a framework for detecting and eliminating gas leakage in vulnerable areas. The gas sensor is one such way of detecting and alerting people to gas spills in their initial stages. The gas leak detection system includes a GSM module that sends SMS messages when a gas leak is noticed. It also turns on the exhaust fan and alerts the firefighter department and helps us prevent unexpected disasters. This device can be used in households and industrial facilities, they can be controlled and observe conditions remotely. Key Words: Node MCU, MQ6 Sensor, ESP2866 WIFI, Servo Motor, GSM module.

Smart Energy Meter with Advanced Billing and Power Theft

The remote energy monitoring system is a meter and IOT software combo that provides amenities for the consumer. Indonesia swiftly embraced smart metering over traditional metering. India still uses the conventional type, which has issues such as electromechanical meter errors, human errors, and processing flaws. Using an ATMEGA 328p and a node MCU Micro Controller, we constructed a power theft detection and invoicing system for this project. It contains tools to monitor power in real-time using Internet of Things technology and is capable of automatically generating power bills. Additionally, in addition to alerting the user when power changes such as undervoltage, overvoltage, or overload occur, our system also looks for instances of power theft. The Power Theft Detection and Power Billing System is a ground-breaking initiative that was created as a result of the energy management industry's unwavering quest of innovation. This project represents the future of intelligent energy management since it is based on the confluence of technology and pragmatism