An Eco-Friendly and Low Cost IoT based Room Temperature Control by Fan Speed Regulation for Tropical Use

Abstract

This work presents an Internet of Things (IoT) based room temperature monitoring and control system by fan speed regulation developed for use in rooms of tropical regions of West Africa. In this work, cutting-edge technologies were integrated, including IoT, and cloud- based monitoring to create a system capable of dynamically remote controlling fan speed based on real- time temperature data. The Dallas DS18B20 Waterproof Temperature Sensor serves as the cornerstone for accurate temperature monitoring. A Microcontroller (Node MCU ESP8266) with Wi-Fi Module facilitates IoT connectivity, allowing users to remotely monitor and control the system through the Blynk Cloud and the Blynk App. A 12V DC table fan, driven by a MOSFET which is being controlled through Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) by the microcontroller, enables fine- tuned speed adjustments. A 16x2 LCD display provides real-time feedback on current temperature and fan speed percentage, enhancing user awareness. The microcontroller programming involves the implementation of an adaptive algorithm for dynamic fan speed control based on the room temperature, user settings and some preset parameters conditioned for tropical region of West Africa. By dynamically adjusting fan speed based on real-time temperature data, the system optimizes energy consumption, providing sustainable and eco-friendly solutions. The circuit was designed and simulated in Proteus software, the code was written in Arduino IDE, tested on breadboard, implemented finally on Veroboard and all fitted inside a suitable box. After testing the system, it worked as expected and it was observed that the fan speed increases as the room temperature increases and vice versa. Also, the fan speed depends both on the room temperature and the set threshold value. It was also observed that the speed of the fan is at its maximum when the temperature is above 40°C. Thus, the developed system is good for room temperature control in the tropical region of West Africa.