Education System In Nigeria Research Articles

Causes, Forms and Consequences of Insecurity on Nigerian Educational System: Implications for Educational Managers

This paper discusses on the Causes, Forms and Consequences of Insecurity on Nigerian Educational System: Implications for Educational Managers. Secondary data were used to support the points raised in the paper. The data were sourced from print materials and online publications by recognized institutions and individual authors. The paper identified nonchalant attitude of school administrator on security, Lack of comprehensive school security policy to guide action, Non execution of security duties by incompetent guards, etc. as the causes of insecurity in educational system in Nigeria. The paper also identified physical violence, battery and assault, burning of schools or fire outbreaks, abduction and kidnapping of persons, false imprisonment and detention of students, armed robbery, stealing and trespassing, burglary and vandalism, rape, sexual harassment and prostitution, bombings and school shootings, etc. as some of the forms of insecurity found in educational system. The paper has as well identified loss of manpower in educational institutions, poor quality of education, destruction of infrastructural facilities, and discouragement of educational pursuit by children, resort to foreign education and internal displacement of learners among others as some of the consequences of insecurity on Nigerian educational system in Nigeria. In order to address the challenges of insecurity in educational system in Nigeria, the paper recommends among other things that government should ensure that the political will to fight all forms of insecurity in the country through the use of best strategies are honestly and sincerely made available.

Influence of Career Satisfaction on Teachers’ Attrition and Retention in Public Secondary Schools of Dass Local Government Area in Bauchi State, North Eastern-Nigeria

The disregard of teachers' needs had an influence negatively on our educational system in Nigeria. This study was undertaken to explore the influence of career satisfaction on teachers' attrition and retention in public secondary schools of Dass Local Government Area of Bauchi state was also the objective. A survey design was adopted for the study; the study population constitutes 356 teachers in public secondary schools in Dass Local Government. A proportionate stratified sampling technique was employed in selecting 186 teachers as sample respondents in this study. An instrument was adopted from previous studies relevant to the current research and was used for data collection in this study. Descriptive statistics were used to answer the research questions, while multiple regressions were used to test the null hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings from the study showed an influence of 26.226 as against P-value =.000) between career satisfaction and teachers and attrition and retention. Findings showed that career satisfaction positively influences teachers' attrition and retention in public secondary schools in Dass Local Government of Bauchi State. The study recommended that the school management and the government improve the working conditions of teachers by providing adequate teaching/learning resources.

English

In spite of various policy initiatives and institutional frameworks, a good number of school-age children roam the streets of Nigeria. Nigeria unduly tops the rank in the total number of out-of-school children in the global scene. Now, about 16 million Out-Of-School Children (OOSC) live in Nigeria, and this means that about one out of five OOSC in the world relate to Nigeria. The number has increased from 8.7 million in 2014 to 13.2 million and 16 million in 2015/2019, respectively. But, this number reduced to 6.95 million in 2020. The breakdown of people in the out-of-school set includes children with disabilities; nomadic groups, comprising of pastoralists and migrants fishing groups; Almajiri students and displaced people due to violent Nigeria conflicts, mostly Northern states like Adamawa, Yobe and Borno. These schools are bedecked with series of schools which have been closed, and they amount to roughly 802, out of which classrooms of about 497 were practically sabotaged, while another 1,392 were entirely damaged. It is absolutely patent that the unadulterated surge in the hiking number of out-of-school children in Nigeria is traceable to the reinforced cases of insecurity, feeble institutional and policy structure, norms and traditions of the people, poverty, and total excommunication of children with disabilities in consideration of policies. This unearthed the OOSC fragments and the plausible instigations of the growing occupants in Nigeria.  While this study adopts qualitative approach, it banks largely on secondary data to find out the perplexing population of the out-of-school children. The study concludes that, albeit series of government policy interventions have helped reduce the number of OOSC in 2020, more strategic actions need to be taken to further cushion the growth of the menace of OOSC in the country. Hence, the study proposes some recommendations to reinvigorate the decreasing trend of the OOSC.   Key words: Out-of-school children, causes, Nigeria educational system, legal and policy interventions.

Effects Of Mathematical Games on Senior Secondary Students’ Academic Performance in Mathematics in Ejigbo, Osun State, Nigeria

The secondary school system of education in Nigeria assumes the role of training and producing students for tertiary institutions and manpower for national development and world of work. The general poor academic performance of students in Mathematics has become a source of great concern to all the stakeholders in education particularly the Mathematics educators, parents and the government. Educational Game is one of the strategies that have been found to enhance the attitude and academic achievement of students in many subjects including Mathematics. But many Mathematics teachers lack the knowledge of the role of Mathematical Games. The study therefore, examined the effects of Mathematical Games on senior secondary students’ academic performance in Mathematics in Ejigbo, Osun State, Nigeria. The researchers adopted a quasiexperimental research design and used simple random sampling technique to select two senior secondary schools for the study. A total of 73 students (32 experimental and 41 control groups) were involved in the study. The experimental group was exposed to Mathematical Games during the teaching of Mathematics for a period of three weeks while the control group was not exposed to Mathematical Games. Mathematics Performance Test (MPT) was used for data collection on students’ academic performance. The findings of the study revealed that the use of Mathematical Games has a significant positive effect on the academic performance of the students in Mathematics; the use of Mathematical Games was beneficial to students irrespective of their gender and scoring ability. It was recommended among other things that government should provide Mathematical Games for secondary school students and Mathematics teachers should incorporate the use of Mathematical Games into the teaching and learning of Mathematics.

Quality Assurance in Nigeria’s Education System: Prospect and Challenges

The study was conducted with the aim of establishing the relevance and challenges affecting quality assurance in Nigerian education system. Secondary data analysis methodology was adopted for the study. To easily achieve the objectives, the concept of quality assurance, strategies for building quality assurance into the education system and parameters for measuring quality assurance and challenges were discussed. The study identified some challenges affecting quality assurance to include shortage of funds, insecurity, policy inconsistency, and lack of regular training of staff etc. The paper concludes that since the essence of education is to make an individual useful quality assurance strategies should be monitored and evaluated on regular basis in order to improve the quality of the educational system in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends amongst others improved funding of the education sector, regular training and retraining of staff and provision of adequate security for learning environment in the country as a way forward.

THE STATE OF BASIC EDUCATION IN NIGERIA BORDER COMMUNITIES

The study investigated the state of basic education in the Nigerian international border communities of Sokoto State. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. A multistage sampling technique was adopted for the selection of 597 out of 3,876 respondents. A 29 items four-point-Likert scale Researcher’s designed questionnaire that was translated into Arabic and Hausa languages with psychometric properties of content validity 0.80, 0.75, and 0.87and a reliability coefficient of 0.76, 0.82, and 0.71 while the interview items have a content validity of 0.77 and a reliability coefficient 0.78 was used to elicit the needed data. descriptive and Inferential statistic was used to analyze the data. Findings revealed that parental, teachers, governmental, and facilities factors pose challenges to basic education in the border areas, among others. Educational policymakers are recommended to take necessary measures to decentralized the curriculum of the education system in Nigeria to takes care of the educational needs of a different society.

Mispronunciation of High Front and Low Hausa Vowels among the Yorùbá Speakers

Pronunciation in second language learning is sometimes challenging, especially the vowels. Vowels such as [i] and [a] are found both in Hausa and Yorùbá but [i:] and [a:] are peculiar to Hausa alone. While Hausa has short and long vowels, Yorùbá has only oral and nasal vowels in their vowel inventories. Such phonemic differences constitute learning challenges, especially for the Yorùbá native speakers. This is a cross-sectional study design using mixed methods to examines the production of high front vowels: [i], and [i:], as well as low: [a], and [a:] Hausa vowels by the Yorùbá speakers to identify which group perform better between group 1 (Yorùbá native speakers who learned Hausa in the secondary school before going to the college of education), and group 2 (Yorùbá native speakers who learned Hausa informally before going to the college of education). The study also seeks to find out vowel substitutions that occur in the pronunciation tasks using 80 participants from 18 years old and above from the College of Education system in Nigeria who were selected based on purposive sampling. The findings were discussed in line with Flege & Bohn’s (2020) ‘Revised Speech Learning Model’. 8 stimuli were audio-recorded, transcribed, and rated by two independent raters, in addition to participant observation techniques adapted. The results of the Mann-Whitney test revealed that group 2 performed better than group 1. The study discovered also that the short [a] in the first and second syllables had the highest frequency of substitution compared to [i], [i:] and [a:] vowels. Such problems have pedagogical implications for learning Hausa as a second language.

Creative Drama and Eradication of Examination Malpractice Among University of Calabar Students

Examination malpractice has shown up to be one of the most disturbing socio-behavioural challenges of the Nigerian society. It keeps deepening despite attempts made to curb it. This paper on Creative Drama and Examination Malpractice among University of Calabar Studentsis aimed at providing a more integral approach to solving the menace. It presents Creative Drama as an alternative learning approach that can make students learn in manners that help deeper understanding, better memory retentivity and excellent recall using content analysis method to explore earlier experiments on Creative Drama a more effective pedagogical tool than the traditional practice currently used in University of Calabar and in Nigeria educational system generally. The findings show Creative Drama a more excellent and effective teaching approach for science, technical and arts courses. Therefore, the introduction and use Creative Drama as a teaching and learning approach is presented as the most effective strategy for taming examinationmalpractice in the University of Calabar and Nigeria.

Analysis of Value Content of Civic Education and Social Studies for Citizenship Values in Nigeria

The link between Civic Education and Social Studies is a unique one, the Social Studies curriculum consists of citizenship and societal values, which are also related to Civic Education. This makes the two subjects to be seen as a strong and effective tool to facilitate the production of responsible citizens. Teaching and learning of Social Studies will be meaningful when it is value-based, teachers are expected to guide the students to acquire value education inherent in many topics in the two subjects. However, it must be noted that the purpose of education is for citizenship. But to ensure that students develop an understanding of their country’s most cherished values becomes a debate between Civic Education and Social Studies in the Nigerian educational system. Values are to be rated as important contents of both subjects offered to students at the Basic level in Nigeria. Hence, the need to ascertain the subject that communicates the good values that can contribute to training the learners to assume the status of being a citizen. This study examined the value content of civic education and Social Studies towards citizenship values in Nigeria education system based on the topics taught in the two subjects. The study adopted an ex post facto research design in analyzing the curriculum content of both Civic Education and Social Studies. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and the findings showed that the value content of Social Studies is greater than that of Civic education. This further testifies to the general agreement that Civic Education is a dimension and subset of Social Studies. The study, therefore, recommended that Social Studies be promoted over Civic Education at all levels of education for effective citizenship value in Nigeria.

Trend of Gender Disparity in the Appointment of Vice-chancellors in the Nigerian Universities

The study examined the trend of gender disparity in the appointment of vice-chancellor in Nigerian Universities, analyzing some factors responsible. A study adopted an ex post facto descriptive form of survey design. Eight purposively sample first and second-generation universities were sampled for the study out of 13 and a total of 1,332 staff out of 18,814 staff of the sampled universities also constituted the sampled population in the study. A – 13 items four-point-Likert scale researcher’s designed questionnaires from the available literature with psychometrics properties of content validity and a reliability index of 0.73 were used for eliciting the needed data from the respondents. The findings revealed that since the inception of the sampled universities, males have dominated its leadership with 100%. This domination was due to no other reason but gender discrimination. It was recommended among others that females in universities should be allowed to head universities since the study revealed that they are not bad managers, they are good administrators at all other levels of the educational system in Nigeria. yet they are denied headship of universities.

IMPROVISATION AS A MEANS OF ENHANCING THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF MATHEMATICS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ENUGU STATE

Mathematics is an essential part of the education system in Nigeria. However, it is perceived among learners as a tedious and challenging subject. The primary objective of the current study was to enhance the teaching and learning of mathematics using improvisation. The study also examined the role of students location on mathematics learning when the learning material is improvised. The population of the study included secondary school students in both rural and urban areas of Enugu State. A total of 68 secondary school students constituted the study samples. A quasi-experimental design was used. Two hypotheses were tested, and it was concluded that improvisation of learning material enhances students performance in mathematics. Also, the study found that students location does not affect performance in mathematics when instructional material is improvised. The findings and recommendations are discussed.

The Impact of Covid-19 on Nigerian Education System

At a time when the Nigerian schools are on a temporary closure following the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper looked inwards and reflected on the nature of the education system and revealed its myriads of problems. The COVID-19 pandemic indeed had a huge impact on the educational system in Nigeria. It brought about the cessation of all learning activities in Nigeria except for private universities and secondary schools that swiftly switched to virtual learning platforms. It also illuminated the digital divide between the Nigerian student and his counterparts in other climes. COVID-19 pandemic outbreak also offered an opportunity for the nation to realise the poor status of its educational system. Some of the major problems that have confronted the Nigerian education system, as revealed by this paper, include poor funding, inadequate and dilapidating infrastructure, inadequate teaching facilities, poor teachers' welfare, poor research funding, poor quality of teachers, unconducive learning environment, and the like. The study recommends for the exhibition of sufficient political will by the political leadership for the transformation of the education system as well as the sustained commitment of other stakeholders such policymakers and educational administrators for the transformation of the system to give it its rightful place in our national life.

Effect of Entrepreneurial Attitude on Business Idea Generation of Final Year Business Administration Students of State Universities in South Eastern Nigeria

Entrepreneurial attitude plays a key role in ensuring that young people are able to develop business ideas and therefore become self-employed even in the face of acute unemployment. However, studies have shown that adequate education and preparation is lacking in Nigeria educational system to create the right kind of attitude in students. This attitude formation becomes a problem due to unwillingness on the part of the students, weak curriculum and pedagogical approach on the part of the teachers and poor internship programs in the industry. This often has led to poor business idea generation. The study therefore evaluated the effect of entrepreneurial attitude on business idea generation of final year Business Administration students of State Universities in South Eastern Nigeria. The study adopted cross-sectional survey research design. The population comprised 936 final year Business Administration students from the state universities in South East Nigeria. Taro Yamani formula was used to determine the sample size of 364. A validated questionnaire was administered. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients of the constructs ranged from 0.72 to 0.86. The response rate was 94.7%. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings revealed that attitude has a significant effect on business idea generation of final year Business Administration students of state universities in south Eastern Nigeria (β = 0.546, t = 11.385, R = 0.515, R 2 = 0.265, F (1, 359) 129.609, p< 0.05). the study concludes that entrepreneurial attitude has a significant effect on business idea generation of final year Business Administration students of State universities in south Eastern Nigeria. Therefore, students are encouraged to develop a positive entrepreneurial attitude by emulating people who have succeeded in entrepreneurship. The schools also are encouraged to have career programs where successful entrepreneurs and industrialists will be invited to speak to students.

Gender Equality and Educational System in Nigeria

The aim of this paper is to consider approaches to understanding and evaluating gender equality in Nigeria educational system from the perspective of concerns for gender discrimination. This task has a number of facets and complexities, because ‘gender’ is not one simple set of relationships, and the notion of gender equality in education can be read in a number of different ways. The study reviewed extant literature and deductively explored distinctively the issues in gender equality in Nigeria educational system. This paper adopted the radical feminist theory and secondary source of data collection. It sought to place in proper perspective the Nigerian national gender policy as it affects women. The study revealed that literacy rate among young women and men age 15-24 years was 59.3 per cent and 70.9 per cent in 2016 respectively. Female enrolment in Nigerian Colleges of Education was 46.1, 47.3 and 46.4 per cent (2014/2015, 2015/2016, 2016/2017 academic session). The paper also found that enrolment in Nigerian universities was 43.1 and 56.9 per cent for Female and Male (2017). The percentage of women lecturers in federal Colleges of education was 33.8 per cent for 2016/2017 academic sessions. The percentage of Female professors in Nigerian Universities was 15.43 per cent in 2017. It posited that a clear understanding of the issues raised may open new vistas for an enhanced role of the female gender in the socio-economic and educational development of Nigeria. It must be ensured that women who dropped out of school because of family responsibilities are provided with opportunity to complete their education. The integration of gender issues into all aspects of policy and planning and a mix of legislative change, advocacy and community mobilization is needed.

Impact of Corona Virus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic on Social Lives and Interactions of Nigerian Citizens

The coronavirus disease is a communicable and contagious respiratory disease that has not only affected human social lives, interactions and relationships but has equally changed other significant patterns and aspects of people’s normal life, even after the global lockdown. Nigerians, during and after the lockdown caused by COVID-19 are behaviourally influenced and affected by the novel virus. Thus, this study sought to investigate how COVID-19 pandemic has affected social lifestyle and interactions of Nigerians. The main objectives of this study were to ascertain how COVID-19 pandemic affected human communication and interactions; people’s social lifestyles and activities; people’s movement and transportation; the education system in Nigeria and house hold welfare or economy of Nigerians. The study adopted descriptive survey design with questionnaire and published materials on COVID-19 as instruments for data collection. Nigerians aged 18 years and above were studied through an online questionnaire survey which was distributed through social media platforms, emails and professional networks between 10th and 30th January, 2021. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the five most affected COVID-19 States in Nigeria in the year 2020 A total of 400 Nigerian participants completed the structured validated Likert-Scale questionnaire that assessed the impacts of COVID-19 on people’s social lives, interactions and welfare. Data were analyzed using 4-point like rt scale in descending order of SA, A, D and SD with mean and standard deviation to determine the level of responses. Major findings revealed that COVID-19 negatively affected the lives of people, ranging from lack of face-to-face communication and interaction, to change in people’s social welfare and lifestyle, to halt in education and academic activities, restriction in movement and transportation and household welfare challenges. It is suggested that policymakers should intensify efforts to ensure that corona virus is completely eradicated by providing and making COVID-19 drugs and vaccines available to all Nigerians. Government should ensure strict compliance to PTF directives on wearing of facemask by all Nigerians.

Transforming communities: an analysis of the Nigerian educational landscape

The paper addresses the disparities in the educational landscape of Nigeria through contrasting the current realities of funding against the needs of education from pre-primary, primary, secondary and tertiary needs of the educational sector in Nigeria. Building on existing studies, the paper contends that there are gaps that have led to the sad decline of quality in education. Issues such as adequate educational facilities, truncated policy implementation, funding, inadequate infrastructure, quality of teaching and research, pedagogy and current demands for up to date curriculum to meet the demands of the market, student attitudes and motivation, digitalization and other factors have affected the educational system in Nigeria. The paper concludes that there is a need for sustained funding, quality policy design and implementation and commitment to challenging the status quo in order to effectively deliver quality education.

Assessment of the Impact of Coronavirus (Covid-19) Pandemic on Educational System in Nigeria: Implication for Stakeholders

The spread of coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is a trending issue that has become a global threat to the development of all countries in the world. The disease has affected all sectors of the economy, including sports, education, etcetera. This study examined the impactof the Corona Virus on the educational system in Nigeria and its implication for stakeholders. The spread of the pandemic was analyzed using the reports emanated from reliable sources. The pandemic's effects include the closure of schools at all levels, delay in completion of an academic degree, risky decision making, rise in public and private partnership, online teaching, and students' learning outcomes. The implication for stakeholders includes the government's need to provide an up-to-date report on the pandemic's spread to protect institutions' inhabitants. School authorities should provide teaching through online platforms (Zoom, Skype, Whatsapp, Googlemate, Email, etcetera). There should be synergy between school management and parents to ensure that students receive the teaching provided online. Also, parents should assist their children by providing them the necessary gadgets needed for learning online. Moreover, the students should be taught precautionary measures that will enable them to stay safe for the post-coronavirus era.

WHY, WHERE, WHEN, AND HOW TO DOMESTICATING PEACE EDUCATION IN THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN NIGERIA?

The nature and dynamics of social menaces within the educational system have frustrated and held its development hostage. The fundamental issues underlying this trend are value erosion and moral decadence, which have paved way for the distortion of the behavioural and attitudinal dispositions of the operators of the system. The blatant exhibition of discrimination, injustice, prejudice, envy, jealousy and conflict incidents within the educational system not only calls for, but necessitates the domestication of peace education as a panacea to these social menaces and a way to enhance the productivity of the system. Therefore, this study addressed the questions of why, where, when, and how peace education should be domesticated in the educational system in Nigeria. Thus, these questions underscore the focus of discussion in order to promote understanding and learning of the subject.

A FRAMEWORK FOR DATA INTELLIGENCE AND ITS APPLICABILITY IN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM

Data as well as information is the most valuable tools used for academic effectiveness and for the organization to achieve its aim and objectives. Data is very essential and the cognitive means to collect and organize this data cannot be achieved without human intelligence. In the contemporary society, the means for reliability, accuracy, effectiveness and for a better recognition of an organization has to do with the reliable information and the means to which data can be collected and organized for future use and for the effective management of the organization. Data intelligence guarantees the integral and sustainable development in all aspect of human endeavors; Science and Technologyy, Arts and Humanities and in every other aspect of human development, data intelligence serves as the master key for decision making. This paper critically reviews the necessity of data intelligence and its application areas in harmony with the effectiveness of academic and educational institutions. This work concludes that data intelligence is integral to the effectiveness of any organization including educational institutions and no organizational problem can be tackled without data intelligence. It is recommended that data intelligence should be applied in the Nigeria educational system and machine learning techniques be applied so as to derive meaning from available data banks. This work developed a framework for application of data intelligence in educational system

Analysis of the Marxist Theory on the Abolition of State: Its Implication to Nigeria Educational System

Certain factors necessitated man’s thinking especially, if it focuses on alteration of their desire and wants. It is on this, that some years back some philosophers propounded a theory which stated thus: the abolition of a state. The Marxist theory on the abolition of the state asserted that society’s classes are the cause of struggle and that society should have no classes. An example of Marxism is replacing private ownership with cooperative ownership. The researchers of this work will adopt an analytic method in order to find out if the theory should be a paradigm in the Nigeria education or not.