Neyveli Lignite Research Articles

A retrospective study to assess the effectiveness of bath in burns healing by reducing the Length of Stay in hospital at Apollo Speciality Hospital, Vanagaram

Background: Ours is a dedicated burns unit at Apollo Speciality Hospitals, Vanagaram. This study deals with two mass casualties at Neyveli Lignite Corporation (NLC) and Pharmaceutical company (Pondicherry). This came to initiate the quick recovery of the patient of the hospital stay. Methods: Retrospective cohort study research design was taken for this study. The study was conducted at Apollo Speciality Hospitals, Vanagaram for a duration of 3 months, 60 samples using simple random sampling who met the inclusion criteria were selected as study samples. Data collection tool such as Socio- Demographic Data (Age in years, Sex, Average Length Of Stay, Scar sites) and clinical variables proforma of cleansing modality, cleansing solution, additives, frequency were used. Result: Percentage of total body surface area will reflect in Average Length Of Stay. 33 responders were given the bathroom bath was discharged with 11-20 days of hospital stay. 4 responders of bathroom bath were discharged with 21-30 days of hospital stay. In this study the estimation of hospital Length Of Stay was calculated as 1 day per percent total body surface area burn (1 day/%TBSA) by improving the wound healing by giving bathroom bath. Conclusion: Wound cleansing and dressing is the basic procedure where the wound healing begins.

Geochemical and mineralogical assessment of environmentally sensitive elements in Neyveli lignite deposits, Cauvery Basin, India.

This research work presents an examination of the concentrations and modes of occurrence of environmentally sensitive elements within lignite deposits, located in Neyveli, within the Cauvery Basin of India. Coal is one of the most complex geologically formed materials, consisting of organic and inorganic matter. The inorganic mineral matter including thecrystalline minerals, non-crystalline mineraloids, and elements with non-mineral associations. These lignite samples underwent complete analysis encompassing macroscopic, microscopic and geochemical assessments. The analysis reveals that the total mineral matter (MM) content, comprising significant proportions of sulphides, carbonate and argillaceous components. Geochemical characterization further elucidates the lignite's properties, with proximate analysis yielding values such as ash, volatile matter and fixed carbon and the Ultimate components analysis reveals the carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen. Inorganic mineral matters play a significant role in coal utilization, and also such modes of occurrence of elements provide useful geochemical information on coal formation and coal-bearing basin evolution. In this paper, we assess the associations of elements and minerals, as well as the associations of selected elements including environmentally-sensitive (e.g., S, As, U, and Hg), and some major elements (e.g., Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, and Ti) that have largely occurred in non-mineral forms in these low-rank coals. And also, comparative analysis is conducted between the concentrations of elements within the lignite samples and the values reported for World Clarke Brown Coals (WCBC). Particularly, some of these elements exhibit significantly high environmental sensitivity, demanding careful consideration in lignite extraction and utilization practices.

Environment Planning Approach for Mining Wastelands: A Review of Case Studies

The case of mining land use typology post-independence planning has to be done with the consideration of ecological or landscape factors which could be the foundation for their approved post-mining closure plans. This paper reviews two such case studies on the mining activity carried out for more than 25 years. Kudremukh Iron Ore Corporation Limited (KIOCL) and Neyveli Lignite Corporation Ltd. (NLC) are the two companies in South India, led by the Central Government for the identified mineral extraction. KIOCL had to come to a complete halt in the year 2005 whereas NLC is an ongoing mining site. This review paper studies the environment planning approaches at global, national, and state levels in both cases. The paper tries to identify the gap in the planning approach considering landscape factors that can be imperative for achieving sustainable development goals from the critical review of case studies in India.

Eco-friendly road construction: Harnessing fly ash and waste marble powder for sustainable road construction using a fuzzy logic assessment

<p>More than seventy percent of mineral gets wasted during mining and polishing processing, and all this dumped waste threatens the aquifer. Utilizing this waste in construction works helps to reduce the environmental effects. This research aims to protect the environment by implementing mineral waste collected from neyveli lignite fly ash with waste marble waste powder in road-base construction. Accessing the different required combinations of mineral admixtures through laboratory tests poses a challenge. This study identify a suitable combination of fly ash with waste marble powder for assessing the compaction properties and compressive strength for road base construction through fuzzy logic. A fuzzy model was created by using MATLAB software. It consists of two input and four output parameters, fly ash and marble waste powder are the input parameters with four different combinations, and the output factors are dry unit weight, water content, unconfined compressive strength and CBR. The fuzzy model was evaluated with laboratory test results. The study concluded that only a minimum percentage of deviations between the predicted strength and actual results from the laboratory. In future research, this study helps to reduce the time and cost of laboratory tests for different combinations.</p>

Prevalence of tobacco consumption among coal mine workers in Neyveli Lignite Corporation, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India

Prevalence of tobacco consumption among coal mine workers in Neyveli Lignite Corporation, Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu, India

Rerouting of Middle Bench Conveyor System in Mine for Optimization of Length and Power Consumption

Abstract: In Neyveli Lignite Corporation, belt conveyors are used for transporting coal and overburden soil from mines to storage yards and dump yards respectively. Conveyor belt with carrying capacity upto 20,000T/hour is used for transportation of materials. The power consumption of the conveyor system depends on the length of the conveyor. Power consumption is high for a long routed conveyor system and less for a short routed conveyor system. The conveyor system is rerouted to the shortest possible way for optimizing length and power consumption of the conveyor system. By this rerouting, the cost of power consumption will be reduced. Keywords: conveyor system, power consumption, rerouting, mine, length

Insights from principal component analysis applied to Py-GCMS study of Indian coals and their solvent extracted clean coal products

The present work aims at studying five Indian coals and their solvent extracted clean coal products using Py-GCMS analysis and correlating the characterization data using theoretical principal component analysis. The pyrolysis products of the original coals and the super clean coals were classified as mono-, di- and tri-aromatics, while other prominent products that were obtained included cycloalkanes, n-alkanes, and alkenes ranging from C10–C29. The principal component analysis is a dimensionality reduction technique that reduced the number of input variables in the characterization dataset and gave inferences on the relative composition of constituent compounds and functional groups and structural insights based on scores and loading plots which were consistent with the experimental observations. ATR-FTIR studies confirmed the reduced concentration of ash in the super clean coals and the presence of aromatics. The Py-GCMS data and the ATR-FTIR spectra led to the conclusion that the super clean coals behaved similarly for both coking and non-coking coals with high aromatic concentrations as compared to the raw coal. Neyveli lignite super clean coal was found to show some structural similarity with the original coals, whereas the other super clean coals showed structural similarity within themselves but not with their original coal samples confirming the selective action of the e,N solvent in solubilizing the polycondensed aromatic structures in the coal samples.

Switching the hydrophobic Neyveli lignite into hydrophilic type by surface modification and its subsequent use for removing Cr(VI)/F− from artificial pollutant

Herein, we report the utilization of non-wettable type brown coal (lignite) derived from Neyveli mines, India, for the effective removal of Cr(VI) from the artificial pollutant after structural modification. Water hating property (hydrophobic) of coal is unsuitable for many applications and so it is chemically converted into wettable type by means of depolymerization and Friedel Craft’s alkylation. On refluxing the powdered coal with phenol and subsequent steam distillation it exhibits hydrophilic nature owing to the fragmentation and the attachment of phenoxy/alkyl groups. All the chemically modified coal samples have been characterized through FTIR, FE-SEM, XPS etc. FTIR spectra have revealed the inclusion of –OC6H5¸ –OCH3, –OCOCH3 groups on the coal sample. FE-SEM images have confirmed the disintegration of platelet structure of raw lignite into fragmented sample. The wettable tendency was evolved from the sink test which has revealed that the raw lignite is difficult to settle, whereas the depolymerized and cross linked lignite wets easily and settles in a short span of time. Easy-to- wet coal obtained has been able to remove the heavy metal like Cr(VI) from the artificial pollutant. Further, the coal collected after Trial-1 has been reactivated by treating with 0.1 N HCl and the subsequent utilization as adsorbent also has been able to remove 95% of Cr(VI) from the pollutant. Furthermore, the surface modified coal samples are also able to remove the fluoride ion from the pollutant.

Molecular diversity and hydrolytic enzymes production abilities of soil bacteria.

Soil is an integral part of ecosystem which is niche for varieties of microflora. The present study was investigated to isolate varied strains of bacteria from soil samples of three different geographical regions of Tamil Nadu (India) and evaluate their hydrolytic enzymes (amylase, cellulase, and inulinase) producing potentialities. Among 72 bacterial cultures isolated from Ambattur Industrial Estate, Neyveli Lignite Corporation, and Arignar Anna Zoological Park regions, 41.66, 38.88, and 36.11% of isolates were observed amylase, cellulase, and inulinase producers, respectively. On the other hand, 20.83% of total bacteria isolated from all three regions exhibited concurrent production of amylase, cellulase, and inulinase. Potent isolates depicting maximum enzyme activities were identified as Bacillus anthracis strain ALA1, Bacillus cereus strain ALA3, Glutamicibacter arilaitensis strain ALA4, and Bacillus thuringiensis strain ALA5 based on molecular characterization tools. Further, the thermodynamics parameters, open reading frames (ORFs) regions, and guanine-cytosine (GC) content were determined by distinct bioinformatics tools using 16S rRNA sequences of strains. Minimum free energy values for strain ALA1, strain ALA3, strain ALA4, and strain ALA5 were calculated as −480.73, −478.76, −496.63, and −479.03 kcal/mol, respectively. Mountain plot and entropy predicted the hierarchical representation of RNA secondary structure. The GC content of sequence for strain ALA1, strain ALA3, strain ALA4, and strain ALA5 was calculated as 53.06, 52.94, 56.78, and 53.06%, respectively. Nine ORFs were obtained for strain ALA1, strain ALA3, and strain ALA5 while 10 ORFs were observed for strain ALA4. Additionally, bootstrap tree demonstrated close resemblance of strains with existing bacteria of similar genus. Findings showed higher variability of bacterial diversity as hydrolytic enzymes producers in the investigated geographical regions.

Production of near Zero ash coal through ionic liquid promoted organo-refining process

ABSTRACT Ionic liquids (ILs) being green solvents have found a wider and interesting applications in modern industries. Presently, three ionic liquids – 1-Butyl-methyl-imidazolium 2(2-methoxy ethoxy) ethyl sulfate (Bmim(ME)ES), 1-Butyl-methyl-imidazolium (BF)4(Bmim(BF)4), 1-Butyl-methyl-imidazolium(Octyl sulfate)(Bmim(OS) were employed for promoting the solvolytic extraction of an Indian coking coal, Bhagabandh coal (BC) and a lignite, Neyveli Lignite (NL) under milder conditions in N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) and NMP containing a small amount of ethylenediamine (EDA) (termed as e,N) through prior treatment with ionic liquids. The driving aim was to disrupt the intermolecular associative forces existing in solid coal by using N-based ILs. Swelling studies were carried out to determine the extent of interaction of the ILs with the coal. Interestingly, Bmim(OS) was found to be the best candidate to enhance the extraction yield in NMP (37.6%) as well as in e,N (66.9%). Optical micrographs and ATR-FTIR spectras of BCcoal and NL pre-treated with IL showed the disruption of physical structure of coal.

Labour Welfare Measures in Neyveli Lignite Corporation India Limited Neyveli, Cuddalore District

Health, safety and welfare are the measures for increasing the ability of Labours. Those measures provided to labour will cause immediate impact on health, physical and mental ability that result in higher productivity. The facilities like medical, township administration, education and vocational training are the determining factors of welfare measures provided to labours. This article brings forth labour welfare measures at Neyveli lignite corporation India limited Neyveli, Cuddalore district.

Geotechnical and Hydrological Challenges in Neyveli Lignite Mines, Tamil Nadu

Geotechnical and Hydrological Challenges in Neyveli Lignite Mines, Tamil Nadu

Charcoalified Wood of <i>Hopenium pondicherriensis</i> (Dipterocarpaceae) from Neyveli Lignite Formation

The Neyveli lignite is one of the largest brown coal field of India, Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu. The lignite it is one of tertiary formation found in the Neyveli, So far many mega and micro fossils reported from this formation. The Neyveli lignite well preserved and recognizable entities are mainly woody and non-woody tissues of different angiosperm plants, spore and pollen, cuticles of leaves, resins, fungal spores and fungal fruiting bodies. The present study is about the charcoalified angiospermic wood is identified as Hopenium pondicherriensis (Dipterocarpaceae). This is a first report of Hopenium pondicherriensis from the Neyveli formation.

Charcoalified Wood of <i>Hopenium pondicherriensis</i> (Dipterocarpaceae) from Neyveli Lignite Formation

The Neyveli lignite is one of the largest brown coal field of India, Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu. The lignite it is one of tertiary formation found in the Neyveli, So far many mega and micro fossils reported from this formation. The Neyveli lignite well preserved and recognizable entities are mainly woody and non-woody tissues of different angiosperm plants, spore and pollen, cuticles of leaves, resins, fungal spores and fungal fruiting bodies. The present study is about the charcoalified angiospermic wood is identified asHopenium pondicherriensis(Dipterocarpaceae). This is a first report ofHopenium pondicherriensisfrom the Neyveli formation.

Kaolinite flakes and coal fines production in lignite core under ambient conditions: A case study of Neyveli Lignite Field at Cauvery Basin, Southern India

Coal fines production and structural collapse during waterflooding process was widely observed and reported in several coalbed methane (CBM) fields. Besides, fines migration also plays a major role in the destruction of coal cleats and consequently, declining the gas recovery. This paper presents the coal fines production in lignite core as a function of kaolinite. Actually, it is a clay fine particle that rests on coal surface under the dominances of the four forces, namely, lift, drag, gravity, and electrostatics. Under hydrodynamic and thermodynamic forces these fines detach from the rock surface and migrate in the porous interspace, and at a certain point it is captured, and thereby deteriorating the well productivity and structural collapse as well. Many researchers have investigated these fines migration mechanisms in anthracite and bituminous coals, but to best of our knowledge till date this research was not carried out in lignite coals. In order to successfully demonstrate this mechanism in lignite, three sets of coreflood experiments have been conducted under ambient conditions for analyzing the coal and kaolinite fines transport and their impact on gas recovery. Lignite samples are procured from Neyveli Mines at Cauvery Basin in Southern India and then the simulated version is used for the analysis. The coreflood results revealed that the gas recovery increases for increasing PVI and that there is an observation of pressure drop across the core for increasing PVI and this phenomenon is attributed to enhancing concentration of fines. Additionally, the water flow velocity elevates the velocity of coal fines and the microstructural analysis indicated the presence of kaolinite flakes among coal fines. The entire experimental model was tested against the statistical model in SPSS and showed good agreement. Overall, it is understood that even lignite reservoirs are prone to fines migration and permeability decline.

Prevalence of Tobacco Consumption Among Coal Mine Workers in Neyveli Lignite Corporation, Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu, India

Background: There is a dearth of literature on prevalence of tobacco consumption among coal mine workers. Aim: To assess the prevalence of tobacco consumption among coal mine workers in Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu, India. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 603 coal mine workers in Cuddalore District. Simple random sampling method was used to recruit the subjects. Informed consent was obtained from the participants. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data on tobacco consumption. The data were entered in Microsoft Excel sheet. SPSS software version 20 was used and descriptive statistics was used. Results: All 603 subjects were males. The mean age of the participants was 35.01 (±8.77). Totally, n=197 (32.67%) subjects reported smoking habit. Of those who reported of smoking habit, cigarette smoking was reported by n=172 (87.2%) subjects. Bidi smoking was reported by n=25 (12.8%) subjects. None of the smokers reported of using smokeless form of tobacco. Conclusion: High prevalence of tobacco smoking was observed among the workers. Combined and organized initiatives by the health care professionals, management and the people should be taken to reduce the tobacco consumption. Common risk factor approach and behavior counseling can be advocated to change their attitude toward tobacco consumption. To start tobacco cessation clinics to aid the workers in cessation of tobacco consumption. To advertise about the ill effects of tobacco by displaying pictures and information in public area and work places.

Comparison study of fuel characteristics of slow pyrolyzed chars with Neyveli lignite

ABSTRACTAs coals are fast depleting, suitable means of substituting coal need to be explored. In this work, a feasibility study of co-firing lignite with char was investigated. Some locally abundant biomass were slow pyrolyzed. The pyrolyzed chars were characterized and their fuel properties were compared with that of Neyveli lignite. The study indicated that the heating value of chars (except rice husk char) were higher than Neyveli lignite. The study also revealed that the properties of chars were on superior to Neyveli lignite and can be substituted to Neyveli lignite.

Chromatographic separation of alkylated depolymerized Neyveli lignite

The study of macromolecular structure of coal has been subjected to intense research. Neyveli lignite was depolymerized using phenol and phosphotungstic acid and the resultant product was subsequently alkylated. The t-butylated depolymerized lignite exhibited enhanced extractability in organic solvents. The t-butylated depolymerized lignite was fractionated into different components using column chromatography (CC). Three major compounds were isolated and were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and Mass spectral techniques.

Generation of fuel char through biomass slow pyrolysis

ABSTRACTAs coal is fast depleting, suitable means of substituting coal need to be explored. In this work, a feasibility study of co-firing lignite with char was investigated. Some locally abundant biomasses were slow pyrolysed. The pyrolysed chars were characterized and their fuel properties were compared with that of Neyveli lignite. The study indicated that the heating value of chars (except rice husk char) were higher than Neyveli lignite. The study also revealed that the properties of chars were on superior to Neyveli lignite and can be substituted to Neyveli lignite.

Comparative Study on Synergetic Degradation of a Reactive Dye Using Different Types of Fly Ash in Combined Adsorption and Photocatalysis

A comprehensive study was carried out on four different fly ashes used as a catalyst for the degradation of Acid Red 1 using ultraviolet rays. These fly ashes are collected from different thermal power stations located at various places in India and having different chemical compositions. Three fly ashes are from lignite-based thermal power plants, and one is from the coal-based power plant. One fly ash is classified as Class F, two fly ashes are classified as Class C and remaining one is not conforming to ASTM C618 classification. X-Ray Fluorescence analysis was used to identify the chemical composition of fly ashes and SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, Fe2O3 and TiO2 were found to be the major elements present in different proportions. Various analysis were carried out on all the fly ashes like Scanning Electron Microscopy to identify the microphysical properties, Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy to quantify the elements present in the catalyst and X-Ray Diffraction to identify the catalyst phase analysis. The radical generated during the reaction was identified by Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. The parameters such as initial pH of the dye solution, catalyst dosage and initial dye concentration which influence the dye degradation efficiency were studied and optimised. In 60 min duration, the dye degradation efficiency at optimum parametric values of pH 2.5, initial dye concentration of 10 mg/L and catalyst dosage of 1.0 g/L using various fly ashes, i.e., Salam Power Plant, Barmer Lignite Power Plant, Kutch Lignite Power Plant and Neyveli Lignite Thermal Power plant (NLTP) were found to be 40, 60, 67 and 95 % respectively. The contribution of adsorption alone was 18 % at the above mentioned optimum parametric values. Among the above four fly ash NLTP fly ashes proved to be most efficient.