News Messages Research Articles

"And now for the good news..." the impact of negative and positive messages in self-management education for people with Type 2 diabetes: A qualitative study in an ethnically diverse population.

To explore the impact of Diabetes Education and Self Management for Ongoing and Newly Diagnosed (DESMOND) Foundation education, particularly from interviewees' narratives regarding recall of good and bad news messages and behaviour changes. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample (n=19) of people who had attended education sessions as part of a randomised controlled trial in two UK sites with ethnically diverse populations. Data collection and analysis were informed by the constant comparative approach and facilitated through charting. Findings were similar in people from different ethnic backgrounds. Exploration of levels of recall of the sessions suggested that this was variable and sometimes very limited, but that interviewees had all assimilated some relevant learning. Key themes emerged relating to the way in which interviewees recalled and had been influenced by positive (good news) and negative (bad news) messages within the education sessions, including biomedical explanations. Both types of message appeared to have an important role in terms of motivation to change behaviour, but a notable observation was that none of the interviewees recalled receiving bad news messages when diagnosed. Our findings have highlighted the importance of providing and combining both negative and positive messages within education designed to promote self-management behaviour change.

Who Sets the News Agenda on Twitter?

Since its debut in 2006, Twitter has established itself as a unique platform for news sharing with features, such as “@mentions” and “retweets,” popular among journalists and non-journalists alike. This study examined how journalists share news messages on Twitter. Specifically, the authors investigated whether there is any difference in linking and attribution behavior between journalists for online and prestige traditional news organizations. A content analysis was conducted of a sample of 1175 tweets from 40 journalists from eight news organizations (four prestige traditional and four online) posted during the US government shutdown from October 1 to 16, 2013. This study supports previous research that journalists are more likely to promote content from their own news sites than from other sources. The study also extends agenda-setting theory to journalists’ use of Twitter. When they were not linking to their own news organizations’ work, journalists in the sample were more likely to link to content on traditional news sites than on online news sites. Also, journalists were more likely to interact through retweets and @mentions with other journalists than with public officials or other citizens.

The Impact of Dividend Omission Announcement on Market Price of Manufacturing Companies: A Study on Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE)

The dividend policy is one of the most debated topics in the finance literature. According to the dividend signaling hypothesis, dividend change announcements trigger share returns because they convey information about firm's future prospect. This paper focuses on the empirical analysis of the dividend signaling hypothesis and investigates the announcement effect of dividend changes. The study aims to examine the stock return behavior around the dividend announcement in Dhaka Stock Exchange. The event study methodology is used for this study. The abnormal return and cumulative abnormal return are calculated with market adjusted model. The event window is 30 days. The abnormal return and cumulative abnormal return are evaluated for significance using t-test. The findings of the study reveal that the reaction of stock prices to dividend omission announcement is statistically significant. The evidence tends to support the dividend signaling hypothesis that the bad news message affects the market negatively.

“She” and “He” in News Media Messages: Pronoun Use Reflects Gender Biases in Semantic Contexts

Previous research has shown a male bias in the media. This study tests this statement by examining how the pronouns She and He are used in a news media context. More specifically, the study tests whether He occurs more often and in more positive semantic contexts than She, as well as whether She is associated with more stereotypically and essential labels than He is. Latent semantic analysis (LSA) was applied to 400 000 Reuters' news messages, written in English, published in 1996-1997. LSA is a completely data-driven method, extracting statistics of words from how they are used throughout a corpus. As such, no human coders are involved in the assessment of how pronouns occur in their contexts. The results showed that He pronouns were about 9 times more frequent than She pronouns. In addition, the semantic contexts of He were more positive than the contexts of She. Moreover, words associated with She-contexts included more words denoting gender, and were more homogeneous than the words associated with He-contexts. Altogether, these results indicate that men are represented as the norm in these media. Since these news messages are distributed on a daily basis all over the world, in printed newspapers, and on the internet, it seems likely that this presentation maintains, and reinforces prevalent gender stereotypes, hence contributing to gender inequities.

Suboptimal facial expression primes in textual media messages: Evidence for the affective congruency effect

The effectiveness of suboptimal affective primes in real media applications has remained debatable. We investigated the effects of suboptimally (at 10-ms exposure) presented facial expression primes on emotional responses to, and cognitive evaluations of, textual (business news) messages ranging from slightly unpleasant to slightly pleasant among 33 participants. Facial expression primes were presented repeatedly on a simulated small screen of a mobile device during a news reading task. Facial electromyography (EMG) recordings were used as physiological indices of positive and negative emotions. Our results showed affective congruency effects between news messages and facial expression primes: joyful facial expressions, compared to angry primes or no priming, elicited higher positive affect evaluations and more positive facial EMG responses, as well as higher interest, when embedded in affectively more positive news. On the other hand, the mere presence of suboptimal primes was detrimental to the perceived trustworthiness of news. These results suggest that embedding suboptimal facial expression primes into textual media messages may exert an influence on affectively congruent messages; at the same time, our results highlight the potential hazards and difficulties of utilizing such primes.

The Economics of Algorithmic Selection on the Internet

Algorithms have come to shape our daily lives and realities. They change the perception of the world, affect our behavior by influencing our choices, and are an important source of social order. Algorithms on the Internet have significant economic implications in newly emerging markets and for existing markets in various sectors. A wide range of our daily activities in general and our media consumption in particular are increasingly shaped by algorithms operating behind the scenes: the selection of online news via search engines and news aggregators, the consumption of music and video entertainment via recommender systems, the choice of services and products in online shops and the selection of status messages displayed on social online networks are the most prominent examples of this omnipresent trend. Algorithms suggest friends, news, songs and travel routes. Moreover, they automatically produce news articles and messages, they calculate scorings of content and people, and are employed to observe our behavior and interests as well as to predict our future needs and actions. By assigning relevance to certain pieces of information they keep consumers, companies and authorities from drowning in a growing flood of information and online data. At the same time, they mine and construct realities, guide our actions and thereby determine the economic success of products and services. Algorithms form the technofunctional basis of new services and business models that economically challenge traditional industries and business strategies. These economic changes and challenges are accompanied by and interact with significant social risks such as manipulation and bias, threats to privacy and violations of intellectual property rights that compromise the economic and social welfare effects of algorithmic selection applications

An Automated Framework for Incorporating News into Stock Trading Strategies

In this paper we present a framework for automatic exploitation of news in stock trading strategies. Events are extracted from news messages presented in free text without annotations. We test the introduced framework by deriving trading strategies based on technical indicators and impacts of the extracted events. The strategies take the form of rules that combine technical trading indicators with a news variable, and are revealed through the use of genetic programming. We find that the news variable is often included in the optimal trading rules, indicating the added value of news for predictive purposes and validating our proposed framework for automatically incorporating news in stock trading strategies.

Message from the President Advancing Nursing Science: Are You a Gift?

Research in Nursing & HealthVolume 36, Issue 6 p. 538-539 SRNS News Message from the President Advancing Nursing Science: Are You a Gift? Patricia B. Crane SNRS President, Patricia B. Crane SNRS President School of Nursing, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NCSearch for more papers by this author Patricia B. Crane SNRS President, Patricia B. Crane SNRS President School of Nursing, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NCSearch for more papers by this author First published: 31 October 2013 https://doi.org/10.1002/nur.21569Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article. Volume36, Issue6December 2013Pages 538-539 RelatedInformation

Queue-jumpers, terrorists, breeders: representations of Tamil migrants in Canadian popular media

The 2010 arrival of the MV Sun Sea on the BC coast sparked a wave of heated anti-migrant sentiment in Canadian popular media which cast the 492 Sri Lankan Tamils on board as ‘illegitimate’ refugee claimants. While Canada has historically seen itself as the safe haven and protector of human rights for those with ‘legitimate’ claims, the Sun Sea response reflects a shift in attitudes about refugees and immigration in popular discourse and Canadian public policy. This paper examines the construction of Tamil migrants in online news comments, blog posts and message boards and considers how such media images reinforce and legitimise public and political opinion.

Quantity versus quality. Effects of argumentation in bad news letters

Do the quality and the quantity of arguments have an impact on the evaluation of bad news messages? To answer this question, two experiments were carried out using bad news letters in which the quality and the quantity of the arguments were manipulated in a contextually realistic way. The results of both experiments show that adding argumentation has a positive impact on the perceived politeness and the persuasive force of the letters. Furthermore, the studies show that the impact of strong arguments is greater than that of weak arguments. The effect of adding successive arguments is positive as well. However, the results indicate that one or two arguments are sufficient. Adding a third argument only minimally contributes to better evaluations.

Hesitation to Share Bad News

Research on bad news delivery reveals a reliable temporal delay in the onset of the bad news message from the sender to the receiver. Two experiments utilized a false feedback test design to determine whether the delay is better accounted for by negative verbal message planning, politeness, or both. Both studies ( Ns = 135 and 138) featured participant-senders who delivered either scripted or unscripted good, neutral, or bad news to a stranger. News valence, delay before response, and reluctance were measured. Both experiments supported the functional politeness explanation. Study 2 also supported the negative verbal message–planning explanation. Implications and limitations are discussed.

Deaf see TV news differently: A first step in finding a better path to knowledge

AbstractTelevision broadcast news is an audio-visual construct of facts and information enabling the viewer to experience and understand current and historical events (Shook et al., 2009). The viewer absorbs the meaning through the senses of sight and hearing, however, the efficacy of the news message is likely to diminish when one’s ability to use either of these senses becomes impaired. There is a dearth of research on interactions between Deaf adults and the media, and in particular, television news broadcasts (Cheong and Karras, 2009). This study has explored the role of television broadcast news within the home environment of a Deaf person, the interactions with the television set as a social tool, and how the television news message becomes mediated in order to overcome the limitations of impaired reception.By using the interpretative paradigm, this study focused on five Deaf adults as they engaged in the action of watching television news. Data were recorded using video ethnography and the methodology of Multimodal Interaction Analysis (Norris, 2004) has been utilized.

Developing an Ethics of Youth Media Production Using Media Literacy, Identity, & Modality

Critical media literacy demands understanding of the deeper meanings of media messages. Using a grounded theory approach, this study analyzed responses by first-year college students not currently enrolled in formal media literacy education to three types of video messages: an advertisement, a public relations message, and a news report. Students did not exhibit nuanced understandings of message purpose or sender in any of the three types of messages, and had particular difficulty distinguishing public relations and news messages. These results suggest a media literacy curriculum addressing distinctions between media formats, with emphasis on analysis of message intent and point of view, is needed.

Of watchdogs and safe havens: control mechanisms and/in online sacred spaces

‘Die große Schlacht. Der Hass des Satans auf Benedikt XVI. Non prae­valebunt’ is the headline of an article the Austrian-based and Catholic news portal, kath.net, published in early June 2012. It is about how badly and unfairly the media treat the Catholic Church and its official representatives in the wake of the so-called ‘Vatileaks’ scandal and it reasons that Satan is behind the attacks of the media, society, popular culture, on saintly figures such as Pope Benedict XVI. ‘Gegen die Diktatur des Relativismus’ is another article published on the same platform in the context of a conference hosted by the Catholic Heiligenkreuz monastery. On the forum kath.net, powerful language is employed to draw the faithful in, to make them feel themselves to be safe within a community of like-minded people in the midst of turmoil. News portals and message boards such as kath.net create safe spaces within a world whose culture, values, and morals are not only not understood but despised. The analysis is informed by critical discourse analysis and based on Paul Ricœur’s understanding of narratives and how narratives create worlds. As a first step, the concept of space and Ricœur’s understanding of narrative identity are discussed. After an introduction to the news portal kath.net, a close reading of some articles shows how these safe spaces are created and guarded. To conclude, a reflection on the implications of the self-understanding of kath.net and some of its user base on the understanding of hierarchy and the role of theology in the Church, is provided.

Public information arrival: Price discovery and liquidity in electronic limit order markets

How information is translated into market prices is still an open question. This paper studies the impact of newswire messages on intraday price discovery, liquidity, and trading intensity in an electronic limit order market. We take an objective ex ante measure of the tone of a message to study the impacts of positive, negative, and neutral messages on price discovery and trading activity. As expected, we find higher adverse selection costs around the arrival of newswire messages. Negative messages are associated with higher adverse selection costs than positive or neutral messages. Liquidity increases around positive and neutral messages and decreases around negative messages. Available order book depth as well as the trading intensity increases around all news. Our results suggest that market participants possess different information gathering and processing capabilities and that negative news messages are particularly informative and induce stronger market reactions.

Integrating advertising and news about the brand in the online environment: Are all products the same?

This research compares the effects of paid advertising (banner ad plus banner ad) and publicity (news article plus banner ad) on attitude toward the brand in the context of different product categorization approaches. The authors utilize both the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) and the economics of information theory to test the mechanism through which different electronic communication modes impact consumers' attitude toward the brand for various product categories. Findings indicate that the product categorization based on the level of involvement (ELM) to be superior to the one distinguishing search from experience goods (economics of information). Including news about the brand in the online brand communication mix generates higher brand attitudes for low- and moderate-involvement products while for high-involvement products, brand attitudes become more favorable with increasing credibility of the added news message.

Positive Organizational Behavior

Most communication research on bad news messages focuses on crisis communication, where attention is often limited to image repair strategies. The authors argue that a key indicator of an organization’s effectiveness in communicating “bad news” messages is its organizational culture. Developing an organizational culture that values positive organizational behavior can transform the way that “bad news” messages are crafted and received in the workplace. In this article, the authors demonstrate how organizational leadership and practice from the positive organizational behavior perspective can assist with communicating “bad news” messages, particularly during organizational crises.

The influences of global news messages on national governability: an environmental case study

The environment has been forced to the margins of Israeli political discourse in the past and has received little attention from formal institutes. Nevertheless, since the mid-1980s, environmental consciousness and public discourse have increased, mainly encouraged by Israeli civil society. This paper argues that since Israeli governmental and educational systems do not deal with environmental issues, the development of environmentalism in Israeli society is the outcome of a three-step process: first, an increase in the homogenization of cross-border messages; in turn this contributes to the homogenization of principles, norms, rules and decision-making procedures; and finally, plays a role in creating a greater sense of belonging to the global community. The paper probes the development of global environmental messages' influence on Israeli society and politics between the two first main UN environmental conferences of 1972 and 1992 by presenting a qualitative and quantitative analysis of The New York Times (USA), The Times (UK) and Ma'ariv and Yediot Ahronot (Israel) during the time of these conferences. A comprehensive survey is presented, along with interviews with representatives from 78 environmental NGOs in Israel that were established by 1995.

Affective Priming During the Processing of News Articles

The present study investigates the role of affective priming during the processing of news articles. It is assumed that the valence of the affective response to a news article will influence the processing of subsequent news articles. More specifically, it is hypothesized that participants who read a positive article will recall subsequent positive information better than negative information. Similarly, participants who read a negative article will recall subsequent negative information better. To test this assumption, an experimental study was conducted (N = 87). Findings show that participants who read an initial positive article recalled more positive than negative information from six subsequent news articles. Participants who read an initial negative article recalled more negative information than positive information from subsequent news messages. Findings suggest that affective states induced by a news article influence how subsequent articles are processed and which information is learned.

Some Dared Call It Torture: Cultural Resonance, Abu Ghraib, and a Selectively Echoing Press

This study draws upon research on “indexing” and “cascading activation” to explore U.S. political and news discourse surrounding the Abu Ghraib prison scandal. Specifically, we systematically analyze White House, military, congressional, and news messages. In so doing, we incorporate scholarship on social identity theory to suggest why news media challenge certain White House frames but uncritically echo others. Our data demonstrate that White House frames were consistently challenged by Democrats in the opposing party, but that these competing congressional messages were largely absent in news coverage. These results challenge previous research on news coverage of Abu Ghraib. We discuss how these patterns align with and expand Entman's cascading activation model of press-state relations, and consider the implications for future scholarship.