New Model Of Society Research Articles

IDENTITY IN THE "POST-GLOBALIZATION" OF THE NEW SOCIETY AS "HOMO SPIRITUS IN UNIVERSUM CONCENTUS": EPISTEMOLOGICAL AND ONTOLOGICAL APPROACHES

Abstract. "Post-globalization" is presented as a new phenomenon, considered in the perspective of history, what actualized thedefinition of the place and role of the individual in the new state of society. The goal of the study was the conceptualization ofthe phenomenon of personality in the "post-globalization" of the new society based on epistemological and ontologicalapproaches. The key task of the research made it possible to verify whether "post-globalization" is one of the ways to preservethe life of the globalized world. As a result, the "end of globalization", the world's entry into a new state under a different name,and the impact of these processes on the individual were confirmed. Meta-ontology has shown, that personality appears asuniversality in the system of "universe – society – man" relations. It was shown that the new model of society can serve as abasis for the coming world formation. Personality is presented as the basis of a complex system. The proposed model of "HomoSpiritus in Universum Concentus", considering the acceleration of time, is the most optimal in the future.

«Back to Arkhangelsk!» Review of the book: Khatanzeyskaya E.V. 
 Soviet city in the extreme everyday life: Arkhangelsk in the epoch 
 of industrialization and the World War II, 1929–1945. Moscow: 
 Politicheskaya entsiklopediya, 2021, 311 p. (Ser. «History of Stalinism»)

The reviewed monograph by Elizaveta Khatanzeyskaya is dedicated to the extreme everyday life and survival strategies of the population of Soviet Arkhangelsk in the period of industrialization and the Great Patriotic (the Second World) War. The book continues the semantic series of those scientific works that explore the phenomenon of Soviet city in its historical formation and development. The author sets the task to find out how the formation of a new model of society influenced the economic, social, and cultural development of the northern port city, how the social appearance and everyday life of the townspeople changed at historical turning points, and what strategies and social practices they used to solve the most pressing problems of their everyday existence. The classical approach to the study of urban society is combined in the study with approaches characteristic of historical anthropology. The study of survival strategies transmitted from one generation to another is important not only in scientific terms, but also for public self-awareness and historical reflection.

Childhood Victimization and Prostitution in Epworth: A Developmental Victomology Perspective

Children are the most criminally victimized segment of the population, and a substantial number face multiple, serious "poly-victimizations" during a single year. And despite the fact that the priority emphasis in academic research and government policy has traditionally gone to studying juvenile delinquents, children actually appear before authorities more frequently as victims than as offenders. The considerable ignorance about the realities of child victimization can be chalked up to a field that is fragmented, understudied, and subjected to political demagoguery. In this paper, the researcher presents a comprehensive new vision to encompass the prevention, treatment, and study of juvenile victims, unifying conventional subdivisions like child molestation, child abuse, bullying, and exposure to community violence. Developmental victimology looks at child victimization across childhood's span and yields fascinating insights about how to categorize juvenile victimizations, how to think about risk and impact, and how victimization patterns change over the course of development. The paper also provides a valuable new model of society's response to child victimization. These models will be very useful to anyone seeking to improve the way we try to help child victims. Crimes against children still happen far too often, but by proposing a new framework for thinking about the issue, Childhood Victimization opens a promising door to reducing its frequency and improving the response. Professionals, policymakers, and child advocates will find this paradigmshifting book to be a valuable addition to their shelves.

TWO TEXTS ON THE REFLECTIONS OF OTTOMAN MODERNIZATION IDEAS IN ENGLAND

Türk modernleşmesi, rüzgârını eğitim ve askeri alanlarda yapılan yeniliklerden alan bir hamle olarak ele alınmaktadır. Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun ekonomik ve siyasal modelinin dünya sisteminin getirdiği yeni şartlara cevap vermemesi ve modern teknikler noktasındaki eksikliklerin askeri alanda ortaya çıkardığı yetersizlik; 18. yüzyılın sonundan itibaren Osmanlı Devleti’nde kamuda, askeriyede ve eğitim alanında külli bir dönüşüm çabası yaratmıştır. Fransız Devrimi'nin aydınlanmacı ruhunun yarattığı dönüşümün sonucu olarak ulus kavramının ortaya çıkmasının yanında İngiltere'de başlayan Sanayi Devrimi ve Askeri planda kendini gösteren Rus baskısı, her biri farklı alanlarda çağa ayak uydurma çabalarının tetikleyicisi olmuşlardır. Bu bağlamda, 1892 yılı gibi çok erken bir tarihte bir Türk yazar (İbrahim Hakkı Bey) tarafından İngilizce dilinde yayınlanmış olan bir metin ve İngiliz bir yazar (Hyde Clarke) tarafından bu metne yapılan tenkitler, Türkiye'nin modernleşme ve ilerleme çalışmalarını ispat ve izah çabasını göstermekle beraber, Eğitim, İdare, Kültür, Maliye ve hatta Saltanat-Hilafet gibi meselelere İngiliz yaklaşımını göstermesi bakımından iki metin aydınlatıcıdır. Bu makalede, Osmanlı-Türk modernleşme çalışmalarına dair İngiliz basınında yayınlanan "Is Turkey Progressing?" başlıklı makale ve onun başlattığı tartışma ekseninde İngiltere'nin Türk modernleşmesine yaklaşımı ele alınmak amaçlanmıştır.

Architecture between heteronomy and self-generation

Architecture between heteronomy and self-generation

ДЕРЖАВНА ПОЛІТИКА ДОХОДІВ В УМОВАХ ЦИФРОВОЇ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ

The modern world has already taken the first step towards a fundamentally new technological, economic and social reality. However, the challenges facing modern industrial society are difficult to overestimate. We are talking about a change in the global socio-technological structure, which results in a complete reformatting of our usual systems, the formation of new social and economic strategies. At the same time, the technological paradigm is changing, management models and social norms are changing, and large-scale demographic changes are taking place. However, the problem is not that the transition to a new model of society is in principle. The problem is that this transition is happening at a very fast pace – not in millennia, as agrarian, not in a century, as an industrial way, but in just a few decades. The current stage of world economic and social development is characterized by a significant impact on digitalization. As a new trend of world social development, which has replaced informatization and computerization, it is characterized by the following – based on digital representation of information, which in the scale of economic and social life of individual countries and the world leads to economic efficiency and quality life. In recent decades, one of the main trends in the economy and society as a whole is the penetration of information technology in various fields of human activity. Informatization is becoming such an important factor in increasing productivity and improving the quality of life that the changes that are taking place are seen by researchers as the beginning of a new era of economic development, which in the literature is characterized by the term «digital or information economy». Today, the development of informatization is primarily related to the introduction of digital communication technologies and platforms for which the Internet and mobile devices are the basis. Sectors of the economy based on information and communication technologies have been called the «digital economy». The article defines the state policy of income and social transfers. The paper presents an analysis of the impact of digitalization on household incomes.

La sociedad y la comunicación desde la perspectiva de Manuel Castells de sociedad red

La sociedad red es una manera de entender el mundo propuesta por Manuel Castells desde hace ya más de dos décadas. A partir de dicho concepto el autor español explica cómo es que el advenimiento de las tecnologías digitales generó cambios tan profundos que impactaron no solo en los procesos de producción, sino en la manera en la que las personas viven su cotidianidad. Es decir, de acuerdo con Castells, en este nuevo contexto (2009, p. 154) los individuos están reconstruyendo el modelo de interacción social con la ayuda de las nuevas posibilidades tecnológicas para crear un nuevo modelo de sociedad: la sociedad red. Así, los conceptos sociedad y comunicación cobran un nuevo sentido en dicho paradigma. Por ello, el presente artículo analizará tales acepciones subrayando la manera en la que Castells las concibe y las relaciona a su vez con otros conceptos (como la libertad y la tecnología). De igual manera, tales conceptos (sociedad y comunicación) serán contrastados con la visión que aportan Byung-Chul Han (con el cual se contrastará el concepto de sociedad) y Marshall McLuhan (con quien se contrastará el concepto comunicación).
 De tal manera que el análisis aquí propuesto buscará contribuir a entender las amplias implicaciones contenidas en el concepto sociedad red no solo a partir de la visión de Manuel Castells, sino además buscando la comparación y el contraste con otras visiones que de los mismos conceptos poseen otros autores, en este caso Han y McLuhan.

Learning to learn in universities 4.0. Human Obsolescence and short-term change

The 4th Industrial Revolution has modified the model of society worldwide. Short-term change has taken hold of everyday life, and people who do not cope with it become obsolete. Under this scenario, the life and work of the university graduates became fickle since their near future grows in uncertainty. Thus, we aimed to shed light on human optimization pathways from Higher Education in the knowledge-based society and economy, which made possible a new industry. In this line, we conducted an analysis underpinned by critical hermeneutics from educational policy proposals, research findings, and analytical philosophy. After analyzing the context, the person, and the learning needs, we offered a clearer idea of the universities 4.0, where the ‘learning to learn’ meta-competence appears to be a key factor for working and living well. This meta-competence may lead to enable human optimization and overcome human obsolescence in a way in which people be increasingly valuable to invest their values in their communities. This paper includes some guidelines for Higher Education institutions to enhance organization and curriculum, according to the new model of society and the human conditions. The ideal of well-being, of what is better or convenient, is left to a necessarily subjective discussion, although not lacking in reasoned criteria for each moment and circumstance.

Political arrests of women under fascism: gender and the special tribunal in Italy 1926–1928

This article analyzes the spatial and temporal patterning of women’s arrests for political crimes during the first period of the fascist regime in Italy from 1925 to 1927. A key element of the fascist dictatorship was the creation of the Special Tribunal for the Defense of the State. A focus on the Special Tribunal opens a window on the fascist gender political because this court focused exclusively on political crimes. Using archival data and spatio-temporal analytic techniques this research indicates a complex pattern. Women were arrested at far lower rates than men with very little spatial clustering. Also, the cases of arrested women were dismissed or transferred to the ordinary criminal courts at a much higher rate than those of their male counterparts. Overall, the Special Tribunal seems to have been more lenient with women than with men, although those women whose cases remained in the tribunal seem to have been treated much like the men in terms of sentencing and incarceration. Women and men were both subjected to long periods of surveillance after they were released from court or prison. Once arrested, both women and men might spend many years in prison, exile, or under surveillance irrespective of whether they were judged innocent or guilty. This was an important moment for Western history because this new model of society and state has been consequences also in others totalitarianism raising questions about the treatment of women in other authoritarian regimes in twentieth century Europe and beyond.

Nuevas oportunidades de participación en el marco del modelo de gobierno abierto

La sociedad de la información y la generalización del uso de internet han creado un nuevo modelo de sociedad totalmente incomparable a la de finales del s. XX. Nos encontramos en una sociedad en red globalizada que permanece informada de forma inmediata y que, a su vez, demanda un sistema de Gobierno Abierto basado en los pilares de transparencia, colaboración y participación. Precisamente, en lo referente a la participación, la ciudadanía nunca ha tenido tanta facilidad como la que ostenta ahora para poder expresarse a través de la web, redes sociales o aplicaciones móviles. Si bien es cierto que el modelo representativo sigue siendo el más adecuado a la realidad social, política y jurídica de las democracias actuales, aún podría complementarse con nuevos mecanismos participativos.Recibido: 14.04.2020Aceptado: 12.06.2020Publicación en línea: 03.07.2020

URGENSI REKONSTRUKSI SOSIOLOGI BAGI KAJIAN CYBER SOCIETy

The rapid changes in information technology raises questions about the relevance of sociological theories in explaining the new reality of the cyber society. At least, there are two important questions that must be answered by sociology: first, what are the characteristics of cyber reality that become the new study area of sociology? Second, how should sociology be reconstructed to understand the new model of society in cyberspace? Through meta-theory study, this research takes two conclusions. First, virtual reality has a character that is different from real reality in daily life. But, frequently, virtual reality is experienced by individuals like everyday life reality, or even more real than real reality. Through the characteristics of simulation, interaction, artificiality, immersion, telepresence, networked communication and anonymity, virtual reality is transformed into a part of everyday life that cannot be separated from human life. Second, facing this new reality, sociology must adjust its scientific construction. Reconstruction of sociology can be initiated by defining what is actually the object of sociological studies on cyber society. Based on the three Ritzer paradigms, this study concludes that social fact, social definition and social behavior paradigms must be reinterpreted to be able to adjust to the latest developments in cyber society.

Educación prenatal: una esperanza para el futuro

La educación prenatal, desde la perspectiva de los descubrimientos científicos de los últimos decenios, podría convertirse en un agente de cambio social importante y en una alternativa para la transformación de la humanidad, al ser en esta etapa donde se sientan las bases de la futura salud física, mental y emocional de adultos.
 Dado que los adolescentes son futuros padres y madres, es importante que puedan acceder a estas informaciones sobre la vida prenatal, a fin de que puedan ir preparándose, para cuando llegue ese momento, desde la conciencia y la responsabilidad.
 La educación prenatal, se plantea educar en el respeto a la vida, ofrecer una alternativa que complemente, desde una perspectiva más profunda, la educación sexual que se viene transmitiendo en el sistema educativo, y fuera de él, centrada, fundamentalmente, en cómo evitar los embarazos no deseados y las enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Hacer tomar conciencia de que la responsabilidad de traer un ser al mundo es algo compartido, y que nos afecta a todos.
 Para ello, informamos de la importancia de prepararse antes de concebir, del momento de la concepción, y la grabación que de él haga la primera célula que se va a crear, pues, aquí estará el punto de partida de la educación del nuevo ser, que continuará durante la gestación, el nacimiento y la lactancia.
 El resultado de las evaluaciones realizadas en los centros educativos muestran el interés que esta información suscita y la necesidad de incluirla en el currículo escolar. Así como la necesidad de informar a toda la sociedad. Les estaríamos dejando a las generaciones venideras, un legado útil y valioso, pues, podría contribuir a traer al mundo seres que crearían, desde esta nueva visión de la paternidad- maternidad, la armonía en el interior de sus familias y de toda la familia humana, aportando un nuevo modelo de sociedad, basado en la Paz, el Amor y la Justicia.

Między konsumpcjonizmem a dekonsumpcją – w poszukiwaniu nowego modelu społeczeństwa

Między konsumpcjonizmem a dekonsumpcją – w poszukiwaniu nowego modelu społeczeństwa

LA GESTIÓN DE LOS RESIDUOS BIODEGRADABLES EN EL MARCO DE LA ECONOMÍA CIRCULAR

Homes, agriculture and industry generate large quantities of biodegradable waste products that, when managed improperly, can cause enormous environmental impacts. The reuse of these wastes, which are currently often disposed of as residues, is one of the key principles of the EU's December 2015 Circular Economy package, which involves moving away from the traditional linear economy model and replacing it with a new model of society involved in using and optimising raw materials and material resource flows.

Контуры образа будущего: социоструктурный аспект

The article provides a brief discourse of transformation of social structure in the postindustrial society. It is proved that as the result of postindustrial development, the characteristic features of a new model of society are as follows: transformation of the structure of employment; segmentation of the labor market; gap between workers in the labor market; growth of non-market groups raised by the welfare state. At the same time, in Russia the transformation of the professional structure is slowed down by a number of internal factors, including the education system. The author highlights contradictions related to the self-identification of the working population, most of which in Russia and in the world associate themselves with the middle class. It has been found that in Russia weak identification with the working class is associated with the decline in the prestige of the “blue-collar” workers, while in other countries the self-identification of individuals with employees is secondary, although its degree varies from country to country.

Mother As Donor, Hero or Villain: New Sides of The Mother’s Image in Sergey Sedov’s “Fairy Tales About Mums”

A new model of society in post-Soviet Russia introduced novel family patterns to everyday life as well as to children’s literature, with traditional parent and children’s functions becoming subject to rethinking. The tendency to reconsider parental functions can be observed in texts from different genres, but it appears most overtly in modern fairy tales which, on the one hand, link modernity with the national folkloric code but, on the other, aim to overcome the code. Unlike many contemporary Russian authors for children, who leave little narrative space for parents, Sergey Sedov makes the mother central to his “Fairy Tales About Mums.” He describes various situations in which this figure regains the depth and comprehensiveness of a Jungian Great Mother Archetype. The author combines different fairy tales, cultural stereotypes and literary themes to create the image of a new mother who possesses various roles, some of which place her in opposition to the gender stereotype of patriarchal Russian folklore. This article uses structural, typological and motive methods of analysis to trace the transformation of the mother’s image from the traditional folktale canon to determine its activity-related and axiological aspects and to analyse various manifestations of the mother in terms of the tales’ semantic and aesthetic integrity.

Calidad de la educación superior: percepciones de los estudiantes universitarios argentinos

La universidad pública es un agente educativo, social y económico de primer orden en la sociedad del conocimiento. Las universidades son probablemente las instituciones que mayor impacto y valor añadido aportan a su territorio, ya sea por la vía de la formación y el capital humano, la investigación científica, el desarrollo social y cultural o la innovación y el progreso económico. Bajo estas premisas es que las universidades se posicionan como pilares fundamentales donde se sustenta el nuevo modelo de sociedad y, por ello, asegurar la calidad de la educación superior es, o debería ser, una temática ineludible en la agenda de todos los sectores involucrados en la gestión universitaria. Sin embargo, aún hoy existen dificultades para arribar a una conceptualización del término “calidad” que incluya la opinión de todos los estamentos involucrados en el proceso educativo y para lograr consenso sobre cuáles son los determinantes que más influyen sobre la misma en el ámbito universitario. Ante esta realidad, y cerrando una serie de investigaciones en el marco de la RED ECUALE , este artículo pretende ser un aporte empírico para el estudio de la calidad educativa universitaria indagando acerca de las percepciones que priman entre los/as estudiantes de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata sobre la definición de calidad y los factores que mayor impacto poseen sobre ella. Entre los resultados más importantes ha surgido que los estudiantes asocian el concepto de calidad con la capacidad de la educación superior de generarles un espíritu crítico, de dotarlos de capacidades para el aprendizaje autónomo y de hacerlos asumir un fuerte compromiso social. En cuanto a sus factores determinantes, se ha evidenciado que para los estudiantes las cuestiones más relevantes que afectan a la calidad se encuentran asociadas a sus propias características y condiciones por sobre los aspectos asociados al profesorado y a las cuestiones institucionales.

<em>Mainstreaming</em> de género y cambio social

El artículo profundiza en el concepto de mainstreaming de género, analizando sus dos componentes básicos: (i) su contenido sustantivo que es el enfoque de género, de acuerdo con el cual la desigualdad entre mujeres y varones es un fenómeno sistémico cuya raíz última sería el género entendido como la (re)construcción social de la diferencia entre los sexos y de las relaciones entre ellos; y (ii) el mainstreaming como estrategia para alcanzar la igualdad, estrategia consistente en incorporar la perspectiva de la igualdad de género en todas las normas y en todas las políticas (transversalidad, enfoque global), estrategia que sería complementaria y no excluyente de la igualdad de trato y de las acciones positivas y que aspiraría a ser particularmente incisiva para el logro del mencionado objetivo. Teniendo en cuenta que la meta del mainstreaming de género es la transformación social, la modif icación de las relaciones entre los sexos, así como de sus representaciones sociales y la existencia de una gran ambigüedad en torno a cuál debe ser el sentido y la dirección de los cambios, en el trabajo se argumenta que la transformación social debe ir en la línea de superar tanto el asimilacionismo (asunción de los modelos masculinos por parte de las mujeres), como el dualismo entre mujeres y varones, el mantenimiento de esferas separadas y distintas, pues ambos hacen imposible la consecución de la igualdad real. La transfor- mación social, que requiere incorporar a los varones al cambio, debería orientarse hacia la consecución de una mezcla positiva (a positive form of melding), de un nuevo modelo de sociedad superador del androcentrismo, pues el paradigma de lo humano, susceptible de universalizarse, serían no sólo los valores “masculinos”, sino todas las cualidades, ca- pacidades y posibilidades humanas, tanto las que forman parte del modelo “masculino”, como las que forman parte del modelo “femenino”, pues todas ellas son valores humanos que cualquier ser humano puede practicar.Por último el artículo destaca las potencialidades que encierra la estrategia de Gender Mainstreaming y también los riesgos y las dif icultades que comporta.

El desarrollo de las formas de organización político-administrativa en Cuba: Apuntes sobre el Trabajo Social Comunitario en el contexto urbano [The development of forms of political and administrative organization in Cuba: some notes on Community Social Work in urban settings

El trabajo realiza un recorrido sobre el desarrollo de las formas de organización político-administrativa que se van gestando en el contexto histórico de la revolución cubana y su interrelación con la comunidad. Realiza un balance sobre los principales impactos que ocurren en las comunidades en la construcción de un nuevo modelo de sociedad. Al mismo tiempo se analizan críticamente los errores y concepciones que se promueven hacia la comunidad. Posteriormente se destaca la importancia de la comunidad como alternativa a la crisis que se produce en el contexto cubano de los noventa, a partir de la conjugación de tres factores: caída de campo socialista, recrudecimiento del bloque de EEUU y la emergencia una crisis estructural. Se establecen algunos apuntes de las experiencias en trabajo social comunitario como alternativas a la crisis en el medio urbano de la capital cubana. Finalmente se exponen las limitaciones institucionales y que el propio sistema favorece a estas novedosas prácticas participativas.

Nuevos modelos educativos: los MOOCs como paradigma de la formación online

A new model of society requires a new teaching model. The implementation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in education opens up a new horizon for educators and students. We are attending at the emergence of so-called MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses): online free courses with an unlimited number of students and without admission requirements. In this paper we analyze these courses: from the models and platforms through which they are taught, to the different business models that are being considered to make them profitable.