Dimensions Neuroticism Research Articles

Relationship of Personality with the Self Efficacy of Islamic Education Teachers in the Districts Of Besut, Setiu, and Kuala Nerus of Terengganu State

This research paper aims to identify the relationship of personality with the self-efficacy of Islamic Education Teachers (GPI) in primary schools in three districts on Terengganu state. There were 33 GPIs in Besut, Setiu, and Kuala Nerus being selected randomly as the research respondents. This research was conducted through the quantitative approach by using the instrument adapted from the Big Five Inventory Scale by John and Srivastava (1999) and Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale by Tschannen-Moran & Hoy (2001). The data that involves score means and the correlation was analysed by the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 22.0. The descriptive analysis findings indicate that the personality value (M=3.68) and self-efficacy (M=3.87) are rated on the medium-high level. Meanwhile, the agreeableness dimension stated as the most dominant personality with the record of the highest score (M=4.32), followed by the dimension of conscientiousness (M=3.84), extraversion (M=3.78), openness (M=3.53) and neuroticism (M=2.99). the finding also indicates the highest self-efficacy level belongs to the dimension of class management (M=3.91), followed by the student’s management (M=3.90) and teaching strategy (M=3.79). The result from the Pearson correlation indicates the presence of a significant relationship between the dimension of openness (r=0.616**), conscientiousness (r-0.605**) and agreeableness (r=0.364*) with self-efficacy. However, the dimensions of extraversion (r=0.068) and neuroticism (r=-0.171) are showing the absence of significant correlation towards the self-efficacy. Henceforth, this conducted research able to become as the foundation towards understanding the personality trait in order to elevate the self-efficacy amongst GPI.

The Impacts of Childhood Trauma on Psychosocial Features in a Chinese Sample of Young Adults.

ObjectiveThe aims of the present study were to explore the occurrence of childhood trauma and importantly to determine the impacts of childhood trauma on psychosocial features in a Chinese sample of young adults. MethodsA survey was carried out in a group of 555 university students by using Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Dysfunctional Attitudes Questionnaire (DAS), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). The moderate-severe cut-off scores for CTQ were used to calculate the prevalence of childhood trauma, and then psychosocial features were compared between individuals with and without childhood trauma. ResultsA proportion of 18.6% of university students had self-reported childhood trauma exposures. Subjects with childhood trauma reported higher scores of SDS, SAS, DAS, and psychoticism and neuroticism dimensions of EPQ (t=4.311–5.551, p<0.001); while lower scores of SSRS and extraversion dimension of EPQ (t=-4.061– -3.039, p<0.01). Regression analyses further revealed that scores of SAS and DAS were positively (Adjusted B=0.211–0.230, p<0.05), while scores of SSRS were negatively (Adjusted B=-0.273– -0.240, p<0.05) associated with specific CTQ scores. ConclusionChildhood trauma is still a common social and psychological problem. Individuals with childhood trauma show much more depression, anxiety, distorted cognition, personality deficits, and lower levels of social support, which may represent the social and psychological vulnerability for developing psychiatric disorders after childhood trauma experiences.

Job Crafting, Locus of Control and Emotional Stability: A study on the IT sector in India

Job crafting is a process which is voluntarily practiced by employees to actively redesign work tasks, relational boundaries and cognitive aspects of their job. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between job crafting and two variables of the self-core evaluation traits – locus of control and emotional stability. It followed a correlational research design. A total sample of 60 middle level male and female employees from the IT sector in Bengaluru, India were studied in this research. It took into consideration three variables: (a) Job Crafting; (b) Locus of Control; and (c) Emotional Stability. The study used three different self-report questionnaires which were administered consecutively to the participants. The Job Crafting Questionnaire (JCQ) was used to measure Job Crafting, Work Locus of Control Scale (WLCS) measured Locus of Control of the employees and the neuroticism dimension of the Big Five Inventory (BFI) was used to measure Emotional Stability. The obtained data was statistically treated using parametric statistical tools like descriptive statistics, product moment correlation and t-test to study the extent of Job Crafting, relationship between Job Crafting, Locus of Control and Emotional Stability, and gender differences respectively. The study concluded that there is a positive correlation between Internal Locus of Control and Job Crafting. It also found that there exists a positive correlation between Emotional Stability and Job Crafting. Further, this study suggested that there is no significant difference between men and women in job crafting. The research can be used in employee engagement, personality assessments, during selection or promotion and making managerial decisions.

Customers’ repurchase decision in the culinary industry: Do the Big-Five personality types matter?

This paper aims to explore the Big-Five (5) personality types on customers’ purchase decisions, as it is regarded within the phenomenon of customers’ experienced meaning, which would shape how a person’s personality would define their meaning of perceptions toward an experience in repurchasing decisions. A qualitative study with semi-structured interviews was employed in order to answer the research objectives by interviewing 84 customers in cafe and restaurants in Makassar city. In this paper it was discovered that participants whose high level of personality traits such as Openness, Conscientiousness and Agreeableness are the ones who will tend to make repurchase decision in the culinary industry. Moreover, those with low level in dimension of Neuroticism show a substantial relationship in making repurchase decision toward service/goods in culinary industry merely for identity making, particularly their social status in social media. Based on the research findings, there are several factors (themes) identified in exploring the relationship between the big-five personality types (Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience) and repurchase decision in the culinary context. These are: 1) word of mouth and social status; and 2) price. This paper offers original contributions as this paper acknowledges the importance of a qualitative study in exploring the relationship between personality types and customers repurchase decision.

Personality and Emotional Intelligence in Older Adults: A Predictive Model Based on Structural Equations Modeling

Recent research on emotions in aging points to emotional intelligence (EI) as a factor that plays an important role in this process, and different conceptualizations of EI show that this construct is closely linked to personality in the general population. The main purpose of this study was to find out whether findings obtained in the general population indicating a predictive relationship between personality and EI are also confirmed during the aging process. A sample of 233 healthy older subjects between 60 and 90 years old was used. Participants answered two self-report scales on EI and personality, respectively. Structural equation modeling was used to test the predictive role of personality in EI. Personality was found to be a predictor of EI in older people, and the weight of the prediction was significant in all the dimensions of the big five personality factors, except the dimension of neuroticism, which is known to vary greatly during the aging process. These results indicate that personality influences EI differently in the older adult population, compared to the general population. This is a relevant finding that should be examined further in order to better understand the influence of personality on positive emotional development in this population.

Personality and Incident Alzheimer's Disease: Theory, Evidence, and Future Directions.

Personality, especially the dimensions of neuroticism and conscientiousness, has prospectively predicted the risk of incident Alzheimer's disease (AD). Such a relationship could be explained by personality and AD risk having a common cause such as a gene; by personality creating a predisposition for AD through health behavior or inflammation; by personality exerting a pathoplastic effect on the cognitive consequences of neuropathology; or by AD and personality change existing on a disease spectrum that begins up to decades before diagnosis. Using the 5-dimensional taxonomy of personality, the present review describes how these models might arise, the evidence for each, and how they might be distinguished from one another empirically. At present, the evidence is sparse but tends to suggest predisposition and/or pathoplastic relationships. Future studies using noninvasive assessment of neuropathology are needed to distinguish these 2 possibilities.

My Dog Is Not My Cat: Owner Perception of the Personalities of Dogs and Cats Living in the Same Household.

Simple SummaryA growing number of dogs and cats live together, sharing both a common home and common owner. Nevertheless, how do owners of both cats and dogs living in the same household perceive their pets’ personalities? We tried to answer this question by using a questionnaire targeted at people who owned both dogs and cats. Sociability, protectiveness, reactivity, neuroticism, and fearfulness were the traits that emerged and that diversified themselves according to species. Moreover, intrinsic animal factors, such as age and gender, demographic characteristics of the owner, and environmental context seem to modulate the perceived personality traits in a species-specific way. As personality might influence pets’ welfare and adaptability to the home environment, owners of multiple pets should know and take into consideration both common and differential aspects of their pet’s personality to optimise cohabitation among dogs and cats.This study aims to define the personality traits perceived by the owners of multiple pets and to evaluate how they are modulated by experiential-environmental factors. A questionnaire was administered to 1270 owners of multiple pets (dogs and cats) to collect data on the demographics, management, and personality of their pets. Data were analysed by principal component analysis, bivariate, and multivariable models. Five personality traits emerged in dogs and cats: sociability, reactivity, protectiveness, neuroticism, and fearfulness. The owners perceived differences in the personality of their pet: dogs scored higher in sociability, protectiveness, and reactivity, while lower in the neuroticism dimension compared with cats (p < 0.001). Age similarly affected sociability (p < 0.01), and reactivity (p < 0.001) in both dogs and cats, while species-specific gender differences were found as to fearfulness (p < 0.05) and neuroticism (p < 0.001). The age of acquisition modulated several traits in dog personality, while living with conspecifics especially influenced cats. Physiological, behavioural, and evolutionary characteristics could explain species differences. Moreover, intrinsic and extrinsic factors modulated the five dimensions of dogs and cats in a diversified fashion, suggesting complex interactions between species and the environment. However, owners could have had different attitudes with their animals which could have influenced personality perception.

Glutamate Concentration in the Superior Temporal Sulcus Relates to Neuroticism in Schizophrenia.

Clinical studies suggest aberrant neurotransmitter concentrations in the brains of patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). Numerous studies have indicated deviant glutamate concentrations in SCZ, although the findings are inconsistent. Moreover, alterations in glutamate concentrations could be linked to personality traits in SCZ. Here, we examined the relationships between personality dimensions and glutamate concentrations in a voxel encompassing the occipital cortex (OCC) and another voxel encompassing the left superior temporal sulcus (STS). We used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to examine glutamate concentrations in the OCC and the STS in 19 SCZ and 21 non-psychiatric healthy control (HC) participants. Personality dimensions neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness were assessed using the NEO-FFI questionnaire. SCZ compared to HC showed higher glutamate concentrations in the STS, reduced extraversion scores, and enhanced neuroticism scores. No group differences were observed for the other personality traits and for glutamate concentrations in the OCC. For the SCZ group, glutamate concentrations in STS were negatively correlated with the neuroticism scores [r = -0.537, p = 0.018] but this was not found in HC [r(19) = 0.011, p = 0.962]. No other significant correlations were found. Our study showed an inverse relationship between glutamate concentrations in the STS and neuroticism scores in SCZ. Elevated glutamate in the STS might serve as a compensatory mechanism that enables patients with enhanced concentrations to control and prevent the expression of neuroticism.

Associations between emotional intelligence, empathy and personality in Japanese medical students

BackgroundIt is known that empathic communication is important for physicians to achieve higher patient satisfaction and health outcomes. Emotional intelligence (EI), empathy and personality in medical students predict students’ individual disposition and their emotional and empathic perceptions. This study aimed to investigate: 1) The association between empathy, EI and personality, and 2) Gender differences in the association between empathy, EI and personality.MethodParticipants were 357 1st year medical students from 2008 to 2011 at one medical school in Japan. Students completed self-report questionnaires comprising three validated instruments measuring EI: Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form (TEIQue-SF), empathy: Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy- student version (JSPE) and personality: NEO-Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), which explores 5 dimensions of personality Neuroticism (N), Extraversion (E), Openness to experience (O), Agreeableness (A), and Conscientiousness (C).ResultsPearson Correlations showed weak association between TEIQue-SF and JSPE. TEIQue-SF and NEO-FFI showed positive correlation for E and C, and strong negative correlation for N and weak positive correlation for A and O. Weak positive correlation between JSPE and the NEO-FFI were observed for E and A. Although effect sizes were small, N, A and empathy were significantly higher in females (unpaired t-test). However, hierarchical multiple-regression analysis when controlling for gender and personality showed no association between EI, empathy and gender. A, TEIQue-SF and N were found to make small contributions in respect of predictions for JSPE. Personality contributed significantly to the prediction of TEIQue-SF. N had the largest independent negative contribution (β = − 0,38).ConclusionIn our study population of 1st year medical students, females had significantly higher N, A and empathy scores than males. Medical students’ N score was strongly negatively associated with EI. Empathy was weakly associated with EI and A. However, when controlling gender and personality in regression analysis, gender did not affect EI and empathy, rather personality is the most important factor. Our findings indicate that N is a major factor that negatively affects EI. It is important to mitigate N using thoughtful training, taking into account students’ personalities, to reduce N. In future studies, we will assess how communication trainings for students might enhance EI.

Fear, Populism, and the Geopolitical Landscape

Two recent electoral results—Donald Trump’s election as U.S. president and the UK’s Brexit vote—have reignited debate on the psychological factors underlying voting behavior. Both campaigns promoted themes of fear, lost pride, and loss aversion, which are relevant to the personality dimension of neuroticism, a construct previously not associated with voting behavior. To that end, we investigate whether regional prevalence of neurotic personality traits (neuroticism, anxiety, and depression) predicted voting behavior in the United States (N = 3,167,041) and the United Kingdom (N = 417,217), comparing these effects with previous models, which have emphasized the roles of openness and conscientiousness. Neurotic traits positively predicted share of Brexit and Trump votes, and Trump gains from Romney. Many of these effects persisted in additional robustness tests controlling for regional industrial heritage, political attitude, and socioeconomic features, particularly in the United States. The “sleeper effect” of neurotic traits may profoundly impact the geopolitical landscape.

The Relationship between the Burnout Levels of Music Teachers and Their Personalities

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the burnout levels of music teachers and their personalities. The research consisted of 278 music teachers who were selected from various places throughout Turkey via subjective, convenience sampling method. For data collection, the ‘Personal Information Form’, ‘Adjective Based Personality Test’ and ‘Maslach Burnout Scale’ were used. The research involved both quantitative and qualitative dimensions. The data were analyzed by quantitative t-test, multiple regression analysis and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Data for the qualitative dimension of the research were obtained from semi-structured interviews conducted with 5 music teachers. Negative, significant relationships were determined between extroversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness and general burnout, while a positive, significant relationship was determined between neuroticism and general burnout. The burnout variable was found to have a statistically significant effect on the openness, neuroticism and conscientiousness dimensions of the personality types. The effects of conscientiousness and openness dimensions were not, however, found to be significant. The music teachers who had characteristics of extroversion and conscientiousness were found to have higher levels of burnout if they have the characteristics of neuroticism that reduce their exhaustion. The findings of the research show that the effect of personality types on burnout is important.

Resting-state functional connectivity predicts neuroticism and extraversion in novel individuals.

The personality dimensions of neuroticism and extraversion are strongly associated with emotional experience and affective disorders. Previous studies reported functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activity correlates of these traits, but no study has used brain-based measures to predict them. Here, using a fully cross-validated approach, we predict novel individuals’ neuroticism and extraversion from functional connectivity (FC) data observed as they simply rested during fMRI scanning. We applied a data-driven technique, connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM), to resting-state FC data and neuroticism and extraversion scores (self-reported NEO Five Factor Inventory) from 114 participants of the Nathan Kline Institute Rockland sample. After dividing the whole brain into 268 nodes using a predefined functional atlas, we defined each individual’s FC matrix as the set of correlations between the activity timecourses of every pair of nodes. CPM identified networks consisting of functional connections correlated with neuroticism and extraversion scores, and used strength in these networks to predict a left-out individual’s scores. CPM predicted neuroticism and extraversion in novel individuals, demonstrating that patterns in resting-state FC reveal trait-level measures of personality. CPM also revealed predictive networks that exhibit some anatomical patterns consistent with past studies and potential new brain areas of interest in personality.

Validation of a Questionnaire for Personality Profiling using Cognitive Diagnostic Modeling.

This article describes the development of the ENCUIST (Extroversion, Neuroticism, Callous-Unemotional, Instability, Short-Test) questionnaire, which has been created to provide a personality profiling method based on a cognitive diagnostic modeling framework. The ENCUIST measures the attributes of extroversion, neuroticism, callous unemotionality and overt expressions of anger that are relevant in a forensic context. The scores provided by the ENCUIST are binary classifications of the individuals (high/low) in these attributes. The ENCUIST was developed using a sample of 516 subjects to study its validation through psychometric procedures, including factor analysis, cognitive diagnostic modeling and structural equation modeling. The results supported a four-factor structure. Linear regressions were used to evaluate the predictive validity of the scores provided by ENCUIST with respect to two external criteria that are relevant in the forensic context, namely behavioral activation and behavioral inhibition. The results showed that the extroversion dimension is positively related to behavioral activation, although the effect size is modest and the proportion of explained variance is only 11%. Moreover, the dimensions of neuroticism and anger expression are positively related to behavioral inhibition, with 7% of the variance explained. Together, these results suggest that cognitive diagnostic models are useful tools for the elaboration of personality profiles based on classifying subjects along binary attributes.

Evidências de validade do inventário de organização da personalidade - Brasil (IPO-Br): relação com o modelo dos cinco grandes fatores da personalidade

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar evidencias de validade convergente e incremental da versao brasileira do Inventario de Organizacao da Personalidade (IPO-Br), sendo este um instrumento que avalia o funcionamento patologico da personalidade. Participaram do estudo 170 individuos, sendo 61,2% pacientes em atendimento psiquiatrico ou psicologico. Comparou-se a diferenca das medias dos grupos clinico e nao-clinico. Foram realizadas tambem analises correlacionais e multivariadas entre o IPO-Br e as dimensoes da Bateria Fatorial da Personalidade (BFP), baseada no modelo dos Cinco Grandes Fatores de Personalidade. Foram encontradas correlacoes positivas, moderadas a altas, entre os fatores do IPO-Br com o fator Neuroticismo. Alem disso, as facetas da BFP explicaram entre 27 a 68% da variância dos fatores do IPO-Br. O IPO-Br tambem mostrou-se capaz de diferenciar pessoas com e sem indicadores psicopatologicos, assim como de incrementar explicacao para a severidade dos sintomas psiquiatricos para alem da explicacao dada pelos fatores da BFP, indicando adequadas evidencias de validade e utilidade clinica do IPO-Br.

Birth Order and Personality

The present study is exploring the personality trait of different birth orders. Sample of the study consisted 60 college students of different birth order (20 first born, middle born, last born).there age ranged between 17- 26 years. Their education was at least graduation and above. Selected subjects were tested by questionnaire method their psychological dimensions of neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness to assess personality traits NEO-FFI questionnaire was used. Collected data was analyzed by using ANOVA. Finding reveals that there was significant difference between different birth orders on personality traits.

Psychometric Properties of the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised in Chinese Young Adults

This study aimed to assess the reliability and construct validity of the Chinese version TCI-R-240 in young adults. The 545 young adults completed the Chinese version of TCI-R-240, as well as self-report measures of subjective health (SHC), life satisfaction (SWLS), and Big-Five personality traits (Mini-IPIP). The TCI-R-240 showed high internal consistency reliabilities for all seven dimensions with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients from 0.68 to 0.88. The postulated four-factor structure of temperament and three-factor structure of character was confirmed by factor analysis and principal component analysis. The concurrent validity of the TCI-R-240 has been supported by meaningful correlations with subjective health, life satisfaction and Mini-IPIP. In line with previous studies, the strongest correlations concerning subjective health were negative correlation with Harm Avoidance and positive correlation with Self-directedness. Furthermore, life satisfaction was positively correlated with Self-directedness, Persistence, and Self-transcendence. The Agreeableness dimension was positively correlated with Reward Dependence. The Neuroticism dimension was positively correlated with Harm Avoidance and negative correlation with Self-directedness. The results suggested that the Chinese version of the TCI-R is a valid and reliable measure of temperament and character in young adults.

Musculoskeletal disorders, personality traits, psychological distress, and accident proneness of Chinese coal miners.

Human factors comprise one of the important reasons leading to the casualty accidents in coal mines. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships among musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), personality traits, psychological distress, and accident proneness of coal miners. There were 1500 Chinese coal miners surveyed in this study. Among these miners, 992 valid samples were obtained. The study surveyed the MSDs, personality traits, psychological distress, and accident proneness of coal miners with MSDs Likert scale, Eysenck personality questionnaire, Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) scale, and accident proneness questionnaire, respectively. The highest MSDs level was found in the waist. The increasing working age of the miners was connected with increased MSDs and psychological distress. Significant differences in MSDs and psychological distress of miners from different types of work were observed. Coal miners with higher MSDs had higher accident proneness. Coal miners with higher neuroticism dimension of Eysenck personality and more serious psychological distress had higher accident proneness. Phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism dimension of psychological distress were the three most important indicators that had significant positive relationships with accident proneness. The MSDs, neuroticism dimension, and psychological distress of the coal mine workers are important to work safety and require serious attention. Some implications concerning coal mine safety management in China were provided.

The role of personality traits in development of overtraining syndrome in elite athletes in adolescence: a review study

Sport performance of elite athletes is accompanied by long-term intensive training. Without adequate period of rest this intensive training can cause overreaching of young athlete. Stress, fatigue, lack of rest and load before and during competitions increase the risk of overtraining that leads to a decrease of performance, persistent fatigue, reduced ability to compete and mood disorders. The main purpose of this study is to map the theoretical background and previous empirical research work to integrate existing knowledge about a role of personality traits in development of overtraining syndrome of young elite athletes and to create basis for a further research in the field of sport psychology. The review of quantitative researches covered the period from 1999 to 2016. Nine relevant studies fulfilling the criteria were chosen. Neuroticism and Conscientiousness were found to be significant predictors of athlete’s performance. The differences between athletes and physically inactive population were found for dimension of Neuroticism, Extraversion and Conscientiousness. Differences between individual and team sports were found in all five dimensions of personality. Some differences occur also in female and male athletes and athletes competing on national and international level of competition compared to those competing on regional level of competition. Due to the symptoms of overtraining syndrome and areas that can be affected by it, it is possible to assume certain changes in personality traits, caused by long-term overload of the athletes. High level of Neuroticism and Conscientiousness are considered as possible risk factors for development of overtraining syndrome.

An Experimental Study on the Attribution of Personality Traits to Bullies and Targets in a Workplace Setting.

Previous studies on the personality of bullies and targets have exclusively been based on self-report. Against this backdrop we conducted a between group experimental vignette study with three conditions, describing a bully, a target and a control, respectively. Students (n = 242) were recruited as participants and rated the target on the observer rating version of the NEO Five Factor Inventory-Revised reflecting the personality dimensions Neuroticism, Extroversion, Openness to experience, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness. A MANOVA showed an overall significant effect of the experimental conditions. On Neuroticism significant differences between all conditions were found with targets rated highest and the control lowest. In terms of Extroversion the target was rated as lower than the control and the bully. No main effect was found for Openness. On Agreeableness the bully was rated as lower than both the target and the control. The bully was rated lower on Conscientiousness than the control. The significant differences reflected medium to large effect sizes. By and large the results are in agreement with comparable self-report data. The results are discussed in terms of practical implications and directions for future research are outlined.

Relationship among Educational Rearing, Personality and Divergent Thinking of Parents

The purpose of the study is to explore the relationship between educational rearing, personality and divergent thinking of parents. This study examined the educational rearing of parents in the dimensions of attentional rearing, motivational rearing, facilitative rearing and discipline and value rearing, personality of parents in the dimensions of neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness and divergent thinking of parents in dimensions of originality, fluency, flexibility and elaboration. Data on a sample of 200 participants (50 families of urban area and 50 families of rural area) both male and female were collected through purposive sampling. Results indicated that for agreeableness, conscientiousness, originality, fluency and flexibility are high on educational rearing.