Neodymium Research Articles

ChemInform Abstract: The Unlike Didymium Twins. Chemistry of Praseodymium and Neodymium

ChemInform Abstract: The Unlike Didymium Twins. Chemistry of Praseodymium and Neodymium

Zircons in gabbroids from the axial zone of the mid-atlantic ridge: U-Pb age and 176Hf/177Hf ratio (Results of investigations by the laser ablation method)

In recent decades the evolution of novel local methods of isotopic and elemental analysis such as massspectrometry of secondary ions (SHRIMP, SIMS) and laser ablation along with inductivecou� pled plasma massspectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), which allow highly sensitive analysis of separate grains of minerals, have promoted the geochronological investigation of young rocks from ocean floor within middleocean ridges (MORs). Knowledge on the age distribution of minerals along and around the rift val� leys of MORs, where the new oceanic crust presum� ably form, would favor better understanding of dynamics of the process and establishment of its gen� eral regularities and likely anomalies. The isotopic composition of hafnium, as well as that of neody� mium, are used to determine the geochemical proper� ties of minerals and rocks that in combination with the age data provide unique versatility information on their origin. Herein we present the results of isotopic study of zircons separated from gabbroids of the axial zone of the MidAtlantic Ridge (MAR). The samples were collected within the Markov Deep from the depths 3400-4300 m between

Neodymium nitrilotris(methylenephosphonate)

Conditions for preparing neodymium nitrilotris(methylenephosphonate) and its pyrolysis were studied.

Interference of neodymium magnets with cardiac pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: an in vitro study.

Permanent magnets may interfere with the function of cardiac pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs). Neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) magnets have become widely available in recent years and are incorporated in various articles of daily life. We conducted an in-vitro study to evaluate the ability of NdFeB magnets for home and office use to cause interference with cardiac pacemakers and ICDs. The magnetic fields of ten NdFeB magnets of different size and shape were measured at increasing distances beginning from the surface until a field-strength (B-field) value of 0.5 mT was reached. Furthermore, for each magnet the distance was determined at which a sample pacemaker switched from magnet mode to normal mode. Depending on the size and remanence of individual magnets, a B-field value of 0.5 mT was found at distances ranging from 1.5 cm to 30 cm and a value of 1 mT at distances from 1 cm to 22 cm. The pacemaker behavior was influenced at distances from 1 cm to 24 cm. NdFeB magnets for home and office use may cause interference with cardiac pacemakers and ICDs at distances up to 24 centimeters. Patient education and product declarations should include information about the risk associated with these magnets.

Phacoemulsification and the negative power of intraocluar lenses in extremely myopic eyes

To evaluate the clinical effects of phacoemulsification and the negative power of intraocluar lens implantation in patients with extreme myopia and cataract. 89 patients (126 eyes) received phacoemulsification and a negative power intraocluar lens implantation. Preoperative axial length, postoperative visual acuity and refractive error were recorded. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed. The follow-up time is from 6 to 25 months. The mean preoperative axial length is 32.45 mm. Best corrected visual acuity achieved 0.2 or better in 106 eyes (84.1%) and 0.5 or better in 69 eyes (54.8%). Of the 126 eyes, 56.3% were within 1.00 diopter (D) of refractive error and 90.5% were within an error of 2.00 D. Only 1 eye has posterior capsule rupture. 28 eyes had binocular disturbances. 15 eyes developed posterior capsule opacification and 6 eyes were performed neodymium: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. No retinal or choroidal detachment or pressure improvement was seen during the follow-up. It is safe and effective for extreme myopia with cataract to implant a negative power intraocular lens after phacoemulsification.

Neodymium:YAG laser incision of congenital obstructive posterior urethral membrane in boys with urinary incontinence and low uroflow.

Congenital obstructive posterior urethral membrane (COPUM) is associated with sub-clinical lower urinary tract symptoms in boys. Urethral stricture following cystoscopic fulguration of the membrane and a relatively small urethral caliber make the treatment of this condition difficult. Fifteen boys (mean age, 10.0 years) with COPUM were treated with neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) contact laser incision of the membrane through a cystourethroscope (n = 7) or a ureteroscope (n = 8). Presenting symptoms were bedtime incontinence in 15, frequency/urgency in 10, daytime incontinence in 7, lazy bladder in 3 and urinary tract infection in 2. All patients had an obstructive urinary flow pattern with a maximal flow rate (Q(max)) < 15 mL/s. The mean follow-up period was 10.5 months. After the surgery, the number of wet nights per week reduced > 90%, 50-90% and < 50% in 9 (60%), 5 (33.3%), and 1 (6.7%), respectively. Mean (Q(max)) increased from 11.3 to 14.9 mL/s (p = 0.003). Nd:YAG laser incision of COPUM with the aid of a ureteroscope or a cystourethroscope is a safe and effective method for improving urinary flow and bedtime incontinence.

Electrosynthesis of Heterometallic Malate of Neodymium(III) and Iron(III)

Electrosynthesis of Heterometallic Malate of Neodymium(III) and Iron(III)

Crystal-Bonding Principles Established for Compounds Such as Neodymium Distannide

Crystal-Bonding Principles Established for Compounds Such as Neodymium Distannide

Laser vs. TURP for Prostate Enlargement

Laser therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has been touted as a less invasive alternative to transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Researchers from the U.K. compared the 2 procedures in a pair of multicenter randomized trials. In one study, investigators randomized 340 men with moderate-to-severe BPH symptoms (but no urinary retention) to undergo standard TURP, neodymium:YAG …

The Unlike Didymium Twins: Chemistry of Praseodymium and Neodymium

The Unlike Didymium Twins: Chemistry of Praseodymium and Neodymium

Distribution and morphology of lanthanum and neodymium in iron-diamond composites

Distribution and morphology of lanthanum and neodymium in iron-diamond composites

Effects of chromia coatings on the high-temperature behavior of F17Ti stainless steel in air: Analytical studies of the effect of rare-earth-element oxides

The MOCVD deposition of neodymium oxide and/orchromium oxide provided beneficial effects both onisothermal- and cyclic high-temperature behavior ofcommercial F17Ti stainless steel. Fracture crosssections provided information about the morphology ofthe oxide scales formed on bare steel and coatedspecimens. The chromia scales developed small equiaxedgrains on the Nd2O3-coated samplesand columnar grains on the uncoated ones. Neo dymium segregatedwithin a surface layer composed ofMn1.5Cr1.5O4 spineloxide. A complex phase (close to the structure ofCeTi21O38) was identified in thiszone. It could act as a source of neodymium ions, which couldsegregate to the grain boundaries of the chromia scale.Polished cross sections associated with X-ray mappingstudies confirmed the scale structure and the location of the rare-earth element in the outer part ofthe oxide layer.

A new handpiece attachment for Nd:YAG laser ablation of emphysematous bullae

Recently, attention has been drawn to lung volume reduction for bullous emphysema by wedge excision or laser ablation. We used a neodymium: yttrium-aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser with a free-beam mode to ablate peripheral emphysematous areas of lung tissue. To aid us in this procedure, we developed an attachment consisting of a stainless steel rod 3 cm in effective length, with a 1.8-cm diameter ring attached to its tip, and installed it on the tip of the laser handpiece used for free-beam laser ablation. This device has the following distinct advantages: 1) the distance between the tip of the laser and the pleura can easily be held constant, 2) the angle of irradiation can easily be maintained at 90 degrees. These result in 3) a constant area of irradiation (one square centimeter), and 4) an irradiated area that is clearly distinguished by the ring. In addition, the attachment is 5) simple and easy to construct. Three patients with bullous emphysema underwent unilateral laser ablation of the visceral pleura with the new device. All patients recovered completely. We found this rod-and-ring attachment to be useful for free-beam laser ablation.

Mössbauer study of amorphous Fe–B alloys containing neodymium

Mössbauer study of amorphous Fe–B alloys containing neodymium

The Influence of Erosion and Palaeogeography on Seawater Neodymium During the Past 20 Million Years

The Influence of Erosion and Palaeogeography on Seawater Neodymium During the Past 20 Million Years

Influence of minor additions of lanthanum, cerium, and neodymium on corrosion behaviour of aluminium bronze in sulphuric acid solution

Abstract The influence of lanthanum, cerium, and neodymium on the corrosion behaviour of aluminium bronze has been studied in 1·7% (wt/vol.) H2SO4 at 30°C, using weight loss and potentiostatic polarisation techniques. Addition of these metals in small amounts was observed to improve corrosion resistance.

Study on Dielectric Dispersion of Neodymium Phosphate Ceramics

The dielectric properties of neodymium phosphate ceramics prepared by the molten urea method are measured in the frequency region 102 to 107 Hz and in the temperature range −193 to 315 °C. Dielectric constant (e) at room temperature (≈ 30 °C) decreases with frequency upto 105 Hz beyond which it reaches a constant value: dielectric loss (tan δ) behaves in a similar way. The values of e and tan δ at 30 °C and 106 Hz for this material are 7 and 6 × 10−4, respectively. e as a function of temperature contains two stages of increase: (1) a slow stage upto −35 °C and (2) a fast one beyond −35 °C which is considerably frequency dependent, e having higher values at lower frequencies: similar behavior is exhibited by tan δ. Conductivity, σ, versus 1/T graphs for NdPO4 give the activation energy for conduction in the intrinsic region as 0.6 eV. log Δσ against 1/T plots (where Δe is the difference between the dielectric constant at any temperature and the value at −193 °C) yields an activation energy value of 0.66 eV in the same temperature region. This suggests that the same charge carriers are responsible for the two processes (increases in e and conductivity) in the high temperature region. Im Frequenzbereich von 102 bis 107 Hz und im Temperaturbereich −193 bis 315 °C werden die dielektrischen Eigenschaften von Neodymphosphatkeramiken gemessen, die mittels geschmolzenem Harnstoff prapariert werden. Die Dielektrizitatskonstante (e) bei Zimmertemperatur (≈ 30 °C) nimmt mit der Frequenz bis zu 105 Hz ab, bei hoheren Frequenzen nimmt sie einen konstanten Wert an: der Verlustfaktor (tg δ) verhalt sich ahnlich. Die Werte von e und tg δ bei 30 °C und 106 Hz betragen 7 bzw. 6 × 10−4 fur dieses Material. e als Funktion der Temperatur enthalt zwei Anstiegsstufen: (1) eine langsame Stufe bis zu −35 °C und (2) eine schnelle oberhalb −35 °C, die betrachtlich frequenzabhangig ist, e hat hohere Werte bei niedrigen Frequenzen; ahnliches Verhalten zeigt tg δ. Der Verlauf der Leitfahigkeit uber 1/T fur NdPO4 ergibt die Aktivierungsenergie fur die Leitfahigkeit im Eigenleitungsbereich zu 0,6 eV. Δe uber 1/T (wobei Δe die Differenz zwischen der Dielektrizitatskonstante bei einer beliebigen Temperatur und dem Wert bei -193 °C ist) ergibt eine Aktivierungsenergie von 0,66 eV im gleichen Temperaturbereich. Dies weist darauf hin, das die gleichen Ladungstrager fur die beiden Prozesse (Anstieg in e und Leitfahigkeit) im Bereich hoher Temperaturen verantwortlich sind.

Photo- and Electroluminescence of Neodymium in GaS

Photo- and Electroluminescence of Neodymium in GaS

Pulsed YAG Laser Surgery

The use of the neodymium (ND) YAG laser in ophthalmology is a new and exciting development, providing a noninvasive surgical tool for the lysis of intraocular membranes. The editor is one of the true pioneers in the field, having used the mode-locked ND YAG laser to treat thousands of eyes. The fundamental physical properties of the YAG laser are concisely explained in the early chapters, most of them comprehensible even to those who have not studied physics for 20 or more years. The clinical chapters are somewhat sketchy and lack precise references to the literature. Despite this shortcoming, the book does serve as the most comprehensive volume yet published on the use of YAG lasers in ophthalmology. The before and after clinical photographs (more than 50 color photographs) are particularly helpful in demonstrating the scope of usefulness of the YAG laser, aiding the novice YAG surgeon in case selection. Although

The Nd−Y (Neodymium−Yttrium) system

The Nd−Y (Neodymium−Yttrium) system