Negotiation Skills Research Articles

Negotiation competence: Improving student negotiation self-efficacy

Negotiation and conflict management skills have been identified as critical skills for students as part of their business education. In this paper, we have combined research on negotiation self-efficacy and pedagogical tools previously developed to support educational experiences for students in the classroom. Utilizing negotiation cases, we are able to test a student’s ability to create and claim value, maximize goals, and avoid leaving unclaimed value on the bargaining table. The results demonstrate how the negotiation exercise in the marketing context is able to increase confidence and student negotiation skills through the testing of a negotiation self-efficacy scale. Pre-and-post survey results are compared and analyzed.

Negotiating a Better Future: How Interpersonal Skills Facilitate Intergenerational Investment*

AbstractUsing a randomized controlled trial, we study whether a negotiation skills training can improve girls’ educational outcomes in a low-resource environment. We find that a negotiation training given to eighth-grade Zambian girls significantly improved educational outcomes over the next three years, and these effects did not fade out. To better understand mechanisms, we estimate the effects of two alternative treatments. Negotiation had much stronger effects than an informational treatment, which had no effect. A treatment designed to have more traditional girls’ empowerment effects had directionally positive but insignificant educational effects. Relative to this treatment, negotiation increased enrollment in higher-quality schooling and had larger effects for high-ability girls. These findings are consistent with a model in which negotiation allows girls to resolve incomplete contracting problems with their parents, yielding increased educational investment for those who experience sufficiently high returns. We provide evidence for this channel through a lab-in-the-field game and follow-up survey with girls and their guardians.

Longitudinal impact of Welsh clinical leadership fellowship

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the longer-term impact of the 12-month Welsh clinical leadership fellowship. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews with 10 out of 14 trainee doctors who were fellows between 2013-2016, exploring how leadership knowledge and skills were used in clinical practice, impact on patient care and influence on careers. Data, gathered in 2017 when participants had completed the fellowship between 1-3 years, were analysed thematically. Findings All found the fellowship rewarding. The experience was felt to advantage them in consultant interviews. They gained insight into the wider influence on organisations and the complexity of issues facing senior clinicians. Although subtle, the impact was significant, equipping fellows with negotiation skills, enabling them to better influence change. Indirect impact on clinical practice was evidenced by enhanced confidence, teamworking skills and progression of improvement projects. However, the use of skills was limited by lack of seniority within teams, demands of medical training and examinations. The negativity of others towards management and leadership was also noted by some. Research limitations/implications Small participant numbers limit generalisability. Practical implications The fellowship is designed to equip participants with skills to lead improvements in healthcare delivery. Those more advanced in their medical training had greater opportunity and seniority to lead change and were better placed to apply the learning. This has implications for whom the training should be targeted. Originality/value A rare study exploring the longer-term impact of a leadership programme on later clinical practice, which adds to the body of knowledge of impact and efficacy of leadership training programmes in healthcare environments.

The Education model of principles on the relationship (PRIOR) for native youth organizations of sekaa teruna teruni improving reproductive health behavior of teenagers in Denpasar city

Reproductive health problems in teenagers become an important issue in Indonesia. A program has been done in national scale, but that's program have many obstacles, the service time is during working hours, so there are difficult to access, they also have limited resources, Only 12% of teenagers know about that's a program and only 2% access that services. This is a community trial, involve 241 teenagers. The results showed that there is a significant effect in knowledge 95% CI (14,627-21,952), attitudes 95% CI (6,000-9,001) and practices 95% CI (0.380-2.46), while in negotiation skills there is no effect (Pg0.05). Conclusion: The educational intervention model of PRIOR has been proven to improve knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Research suggestions: It is necessary to provide a negotiation strategy topic in an education program for reproductive health to improve the achievement of knowledge, attitudes, and practices into the negotiation skills.

Negotiations Between Preservice Classroom Teachers and Students During a Physical Education Early Field Experience

Purpose: To describe the patterns of negotiation engaged in by preservice classroom teachers (PCTs) and their students during a physical education early field experience. Method: The participants were 16 PCTs enrolled in the early field experience. They taught a variety of content within six lessons to second- and fourth-grade students. Data were collected using six qualitative methods and analyzed using analytic induction and constant comparison. Results/Conclusions: Seven PCTs were relatively effective negotiators, whereas nine PCTs were relatively ineffective. The PCTs’ negotiation skills were influenced by their comfort with physical education, pedagogical knowledge, content knowledge, and pedagogical content knowledge. The negotiations initiated by the PCTs and their students were similar to those described in previous studies. The type and amount of student-initiated negotiation was influenced by their gender, age, skill level, and content taught. The implications for preparing PCTs to teach physical education are discussed.

INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS OF NURSE MANAGERS AND NURSING PERFORMANCE

Interpersonal communication between the nurse manager and the executing nurse is needed for the continuity and productivity of the profession, whereby one’s productivity is strongly influenced by performance. Therefore, this study aims to know the extent of the relationship between the interpersonal communication skills (leadership, communication process, motivation, and negotiation skills) of the nurse managers, (independent variable), and the performance of nurses, (dependent variable) at Tgk. Chik Ditiro Sigli Hospital and Harapan Bunda Banda Aceh Hospital in Indonesia. The population in this study were all nurses at the two hospitals consisting of 331 respondents. The results showed a significant relationship between the interpersonal communication skills of the nurse managers and the performance of the nurses at the two hospitals. The test results also showed that there was a significant difference between the interpersonal communication skills of the nurse managers and the performance of nurses at Tgk. Chik Ditiro Sigli Hospital and at Harapan Bunda Banda Aceh Hospital. The only variable that showed similarities between the two hospitals was motivation. Keywords: interpersonal communication, leadership, communication process, negotiation, motivation, performance.

فاعلية نموذج تدريسي مقترح قائم على النظرية البنائية الاجتماعية لتدريس الدراسات الاجتماعية في تنمية قيم التسامح ومهارات المشارکة المجتمعية لدى طلاب المرحلة الإعدادية

المستخلــص هدف هذا البحث إلى تعرف فاعلية نموذج تدريس مقترح قائم على النظرية البنائية الاجتماعية لتدريس الدراسات الاجتماعية في تنمية قيم التسامح ومهارات المشارکة المجتمعية لدى طلاب المرحلة الإعدادية، وقد استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي بالتصميم شبه التجريبي؛ حيث قام الباحث بإعداد دليل معلم لتدريس وحدتين من مقرر الدراسات الاجتماعية للصف الأول الإعدادي باستخدام النموذج التدريسي المقترح، وإعداد مقياس لقيم التسامح واختبار لمهارات المشارکة المجتمعية، وتطبيق الدراسة على عينة بلغت(66) طالب من طلاب الصف الأول الإعدادي وتم تقسيمهم لمجموعة ضابطة درست بالطريقة المعتادة، ومجموعة تجريبية درست باستخدام النموذج المقترح. وقد توصل الباحث إلى فاعلية النموذج التدريسي المقترح في تنمية قيم التسامح ککل وفي کل بعد على حدة، وکان أکثر الأبعاد تأثرا بالنموذج هو بعد قيم التسامح السياسي وبعد قيم التسامح الفکري، وکذلک تنمية مهارات المشارکة المجتمعية ککل وکل مهارة على حدة، وکانت أکثر المهارات تأثرا بالنموذج هي مهارة التفاوض، حيث جاءت الفروق دالة لصالح طلاب المجموعة التجريبية في التطبيق البعدي لمقياس قيم التسامح واختبار مهارات المشارکة المجتمعية. The aim of this research is to identify the effectiveness of a proposed teaching model based on social constructivist theory to teach social studies in developing the values ​​of tolerance and community participation skills among preparatory stage students. For the first preparatory grade using the proposed teaching model, preparing a measure of tolerance values ​​and testing the skills of community participation, and applying the study to a sample of (66) students from the first preparatory grade and they were divided into a control group that studied the way Usual, experimental group studied using the proposed model. The researcher reached the effectiveness of the proposed teaching model in developing the values ​​of tolerance as a whole and in each dimension separately, and the dimensions most affected by the model were after the values ​​of political tolerance and after the values ​​of intellectual tolerance, as well as developing community participation skills as a whole and each skill separately, and the skills most affected by the model It is a negotiation skill, where the differences came in favor of the experimental group students in the post application of the tolerance scale and the testing of community participation skills.

Social Intelligence and its Relationship with Negotiation Skills among Students at King Faisal University

Social Intelligence and its Relationship with Negotiation Skills among Students at King Faisal University

Rome, a Policy without Politics: The Participatory Process for a Metropolitan Scale Food Policy.

In light of the challenges that all cities face today, food is offered as a prism through which to read and intervene on various areas that affect the quality of life of the population: circular economy, urban metabolism, social relations, economies, and food quality. In the Roman context, in recent years, numerous initiatives have revitalized the debate on food and brought the discussion to the center of the interest of an ever-increasing number of citizens. However, these experiences appear unrelated and there is a lack of coordination and political coherence. Faced with this evidence, starting from a territorial analysis, this contribution analyzes the process that led a local group of stakeholders to formulate a proposal for a food policy for the city of Rome. The proposal contains a series of possible actions that aim, on the one hand, to recompose the relations between the city and its territory, with a view to re-localization and re-territorialization of agro-food productions and, on the other hand, to reconnect the economic and social relations that the industrialization of food chains has compromised. The network analysis of the bottom-up process, which mainly investigates networking and negotiation skills between various interests, is carried out and related to a careful analysis of the food system in the Roman context. Furthermore, an overview of the state of the art of urban food policies in Italy has been provided to better contextualize the study case. The findings show actors and topics involved in the process, identifying further development towards a more comprehensive participatory process for a systemic food strategy at the metropolitan level.

THE USE OF SMART TECHNOLOGIES WITHIN THE CONDITIONS OF DUAL EDUCATION SYSTEM

The article reviews dual learning as a form of educational process organization, which provides a systemic and organic combination of two main components: theoretical (educational) component provided by the institution, and applied (practical) provided by the enterprise (potential employer). It is emphasized that the peculiarities of professional training of future specialists in the dual form of study include the creation of innovative educational and production environment of vocational education. An influential factor in the formation of necessary innovative environment are smart technologies that promote the organization of independent cognitive, research, project activities of students; implementation of educational process in a distributed learning environment; interaction of students with the professional community; individualization of learning process, etc. Greater focus is placed on the fact that smart technologies in education contribute to comprehensive multilevel problem solving, critical thinking, creativity in a broad sense, ability to manage people, interaction with people, emotional intelligence, self-opinion and decision making, customer orientation, negotiation skills, intellectual flexibility.

The Compatibility of Higher Education Outcomes with the Requirements of the Labour Market in an Interior Design Programme in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

This study aimed to explore the compatibility between the outcomes of academic interior design programmes and the needs of the labour market in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to fill gaps and ensure sustainable development. The study reviewed nineteen academic interior design programmes in different regions, both public and private institutions, and distributed two questionnaires to graduates and employees that assessed seven stages related to the design process and project management. The sample in this study consisted of sixty graduates and nineteen employers in the fields of design or architecture who hire local interior designers. The results indicated that interior design programmes do not fulfill the needs of the market because some regions do not have interior design programmes or the programmes are limited to women, and the image of interior design professions is not clear in some regions due to limited information in the community. Some study plans need to be updated and reviewed based on the latest changes in the labour market. The results also showed that graduates had good knowledge of and skills in the field of interior design, with some shortfalls in the project management skills required in the labour market, such as budget calculations and writing work contracts, timetables, and reports. This limitation may be due to a lack of communication between institutions and the labour market and weak academic guidance for students when choosing elective courses that support these skills. Finally, it is clear that the graduates had good communication, negotiation, persuasion and decision-making skills. The result of this study should help administrators of interior design programmes develop curricula that fulfill the needs of the labour market and help enrolled students increase their knowledge and skills. Finally, the results can inform employers about the necessary training for their interior designers.

Negotiation Assistant Bot of Pricing Prediction Based on Machine Learning

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been used to develop and advance numerous fields and industries, including finance, healthcare, education, transportation and more. However, in the business negotiation field, such as bargain, the AI has not yet exerted its power. In order to explore the application of AI into business negotiation, we have built an intelligent robot that can help customers that lack negotiation skills when bargaining in their shopping sceneries. This bot can make decision by itself via price prediction function implemented by machine learning algorithms and the tool of decision tree. As a result, our bot has got a positive performance during a used car trade. Although the algorithm of the project is relatively simple, its main contribution is to show the potential application of AI in the business negotiation. We believe that it can provide ideas and directions for the future development of business negotiation robot.

Sexual Risk and Social Desirability among Black and White Men Who Have Sex with Men

Objectives: This study tested the relationship between race, social desirability, and determinants of sexual risk. Design: Hierarchical regressions examined race, social desirability, and race Xsocial desirability interaction as predictors of determinants of sexual risk (positive and negative consequences of risky sex, risk exposure, condom negotiation skills, likelihood of unprotected anal intercourse) among 92 men who have sex with men (White n = 67). Results: Significant interactions for two outcomes indicated that higher social desirability was associated with lower sexual risk only among Black MSM. Conclusion: Research should consider social desirability bias when assessing risky sexual behavior among Black MSM.

EXPLORING PERCEPTIONS OF EMPLOYERS ON COMMUNICATION SKILLS AMONG FRESH GRADUATES

Every employer wants their newly hired employees to possess vital employability skills that can enhance the performance and growth of their organisations. Employers rely on universities to provide university graduates to have been trained adequately before entering the workforce. Adequate employability skills possessed by prospective employees will certainly satisfy employers’ expectations. In the competitive 21st century, one tangible soft skill deems essential is communication skills. They prefer graduates who possess great soft and communication skills that can enhance their organisations’ growth and performance. Effective communication is considered one of the vital skills that most employers look for in their potential new employees to possess. How marketable graduates (prospective employees) is and how soon they could be hired successfully depends on the types of programmes, tasks and activities and skills they have acquired during their university years. This exploratory research paper reports findings based on the employers’ perceptions towards graduates whom they hired in their organisations. Date obtained from interviews with 3 employers from private company, semi-government and government bodies indicate some concern over the kind and the amount of communication skills our fresh graduates possess and exhibit. From these 3 employers, it was discovered that most fresh graduates lack negotiation skills and proper communication skills which include presentation skills and interviewing. Most fresh graduates lack certain social communication skills such as not being diplomatic. These employers suggest the needs for fresh graduates to be trained in authentic situations by giving them real life simulations. The training programmes designed need to allow them to showcase and display their abilities and skills from the various learning activities taught in Malaysian universities and at the same time encourage many community service responsibility (CSR) activities to inculcate not only problem-solving skills but also communication skills. It is also suggested that universities need to keep upgrading their communication programmes in order to produce employable graduates with better chances of being hired successfully by work markets.

The Mediation and the Role of Lawyers in the Procedure through the Prism of Bulgarian History

The possibility of resolving conflicts through alternative means is a favorable alternative for the parties, as it has deep roots in Bulgarian history, customs and law. If we turn to the history of Bulgarian law we will find that they are often used as an opportunity to resolve disputes of various kinds. Historically, Bulgarian rulers have personally participated in negotiations to resolve international conflicts – for example, Khan Krum proposed negotiations to avoid or end hostilities with Byzantium. The prince Boris I Michael also showed excellent negotiation skills when accepting Christianity as the state religion. During the Ottoman rule, such conciliatory functions were played by the bodies of the Bulgarian municipalities, the guild organizations and representatives of the spiritual authorities. After the Liberation, this tradition was the basis of the Elderly Judicial Councils, the amicable (conciliatory) courts, whose activity is based on the principles of voluntariness, reconciliation and reaching a mutually beneficial agreement.

Exploration of barriers faced by female graduate entrepreneurs in Bangladesh

This study explores and examines challenges faced by female graduate entrepreneurs founding and growing SMEs in Bangladesh. It particularly seeks to address the current gap in the literature on the challenges faced specifically by female graduate entrepreneurs in Bangladesh, and is among the first of its kind. We conducted 12 semi-structured interviews including 6 graduate female entrepreneurs of SMEs and 6 scholars in entrepreneurship in Dhaka, Bangladesh, and found that educated, graduate, females faced more challenges than uneducated or non-graduate females because of their educational background. It appears from our research that those women who had graduated from university were more likely to join in a company rather than starting and continuing to develop their own business. In addition to these key findings, we also found that Bangladeshi female graduate entrepreneurs had a lack of negotiation and pitching skills, little confidence, little access to institutional training and courses on SMEs and entrepreneurship. They also faced challenges such as lengthy, biased, and expensive loan facilities, corruption, operating in a conservative culture, a lack of support from their families and partners, challenges in mobility caused by traffic congestions in Dhaka, and risks to personal security. All of our findings from the interviews are well supported by additional research in the form of scientific observations of 79 entrepreneurs and 20 private and 5 public universities. The practical implications of these challenges are discussed in the paper and recommendations offered to key stakeholders to facilitate female graduate entrepreneurs in opening and operating SMEs in Bangladesh.

Perspectives in Teaching Negotiation Skills to Business Students

Perspectives in Teaching Negotiation Skills to Business Students

DEFINING THE IDEAL COMPETENCY MODEL FOR THE UNITED NATIONS MILITARY OBSERVERS (STUDY ON THE INDONESIAN MILITARY OBSERVERS)

<p>A military observer is a military officer from a certain country who is deployed as part of a United Nations Peacekeeping Mission. The purpose of this study is to define an ideal competency model for the UN military observers of the Indonesian military by considering certain characteristics embedded in superior military observers that distinguish them from the non-superior ones. This study applied several data collecting techniques such as behavioral event interviews, observation, and library study. Two types of analysis, namely: content analysis and discriminant analysis are utilized to create data weighting and to discover the differentiating characteristics. From this study, it can be concluded that there is a very close and significant relationship between the competency and performance of the UN military observers from Indonesia. Those in the superior category do have three strong differentiating competencies, namely: initiative, relationship building, and impacts and influence production. And then this study also found an ideal competency model for a UN military observer, where the model consists of the three competencies plus eight other competencies, namely: team working, self-controlling, local language skill, local culture knowledge, vehicle driving skill, military knowledge and skills, diplomacy and negotiation skills, and administrative skills.</p><p>Keywords: Competency, Competency model, Military observer, Recruitment, UN Peacekeeping</p>

Pedagogical technology of students’ negotiation in emergencies competence development at penal system institutions

The paper is devoted to the problem of professional and psychological training of employees of the penal system at university. The authors have developed a technology of teaching negotiations to students on the basis of competence-based approach while studying psychological disciplines. The authors define the concept of a negotiation competence of the penal system employee, which is understood as a professional and personal readiness to negotiate with convicts in emergency conditions. The negotiation competence is considered in the context of conflicts resolution in case of group disobedience and mass riots at institutions of the penal system. The structure of the negotiation competence: motivational value, cognitive, efficient, practical and reflective components, reflecting the nature of the negotiation activity. The technology of negotiation competence development consists of the target, substantive, procedural, criterial and assessment units. The paper describes the content of training on the basis of organizational, communicative, ethical, technological, information components of the competence. The list of the planned educational results is given. The authors consider a procedural part of negotiation skills development, reflecting the content and sequence of stages. Methodical techniques used for training are described, examples of tasks are given. A business game is presented as an interactive form of training at the practical stage. The ways of checking if the educational results are developed with the help of the current and final control are discussed.

Socio-demographic and experience factors affecting drivers’ runoff risk along horizontal curves of two-lane rural highway

Introduction: An improper driving strategy is one of the causative factors for a high probability of runoff and overturning crashes along the horizontal curves of two-lane highways. The socio-demographic and driving experience factors of a driver do influence driving strategy. Hence, this paper explored the effect of these factors on the driver’s runoff risk along the horizontal curves. Method: The driving performance data of 48 drivers along 52 horizontal curves was recorded in a fixed-base driving simulator. The driving performance index was estimated from the weighted lateral acceleration profile of each driver along a horizontal curve. It was clustered and compared with the actual runoff events observed during the experiment. It yielded high, moderate, and low-risk clusters. Using cross-tabulation, each risk cluster was compared with the socio-demographic and experience factors. Further, generalized mixed logistic regression models were developed to predict the high-risk and high to moderate risk events. Results: The age and experience of drivers are the influencing factors for runoff crash. The high-risk event percentage for mid-age drivers decreases with an increase in driving experience. For younger drivers, it increases initially but decreases afterwards. The generalized mixed logistic regression models identified young drivers with mid and high experience and mid-age drivers with low-experience as the high-risk groups. Conclusions: The proposed index parameter is effective in identifying the risk associated with horizontal curves. Driver training program focusing on the horizontal curve negotiation skills and graduated driver licensing could help the high-risk groups. Practical applications: The proposed index parameter can evaluate driving behavior at the horizontal curves. Driving behavior of high-risk groups could be considered in highway geometric design. Motor-vehicle agencies, advanced driver assistance systems manufacturers, and insurance agencies can use proposed index parameter to identify the high-risk drivers for their perusal.