Negative Situations Research Articles

Demonstrating the need for a just transition: Socioeconomic diagnosis of polish cities living on hard coal mining

Under the increasing pressure of decarbonization, the issue of further development of post-mining regions and economies based on the extraction of fossil fuels is becoming a priority and urgent issue, especially in the European Union, where a complete departure from coal production is planned in the coming years. For these reasons, this article seeks effective ways to prevent the negative effects of mine closures. This goal is implemented in the context of a long-term socioeconomic diagnosis of 12 Polish cities located in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. These are cities where the coal industry has been completely liquidated, only some of the mines have been closed or all mining plants have been maintained. In the course of research, which is a multiple case study, the following are used: descriptive statistics, cluster analysis and multi-criteria analysis. The obtained results indicate a negative socioeconomic situation of cities where all mines have been closed (Zabrze, Bytom, Sosnowiec). The condition of cities where hard coal is still mined is much better. Nevertheless, the development of the entire region is slower than the development of the country, which implies the need for central management and economic support. Research results indicate a significant isolation and exclusion of cities that use a homogeneous development strategy based solely on the mining industry. In the future – when all mining plants are liquidated – this problem may intensify and lead to the collapse of the entire Upper Silesian Coal Basin and other regions of the European Union where coal is still mined. Bearing in mind the results of the above analyzes, it should be stated that the EU just transition program is essential in the process of transforming and supporting post-mining regions.

An exploration of surface temperature asymmetries as potential markers of affective states in calves experiencing or observing disbudding

Abstract The emotional valence hypothesis suggests an increased left-brain hemisphere activation during positive situations and vice versa during negative situations. Since facial thermal asymmetries may reflect lateralised brain activity, we investigated this in dairy calves subjected to hot-iron disbudding (Disbudded; n = 12) as a model of negative affective states. As affective responses can vary due to previous experiences, we examined whether calves that had (ExpObs; n = 12) and had not (InexObs; n = 12) experienced disbudding differed in their thermal response to a conspecific being disbudded, and whether calf response to the researcher (approaching, moving away, not moving) was associated with thermal asymmetries. We made thermographic recordings of each calf on three days: Day before disbudding (D1); Disbudding day (D2); and Day after disbudding (D3), and at two different times: Disbudding time/1400(T1) and Afternoon/1700(T2). Data were analysed using multilevel models. Calves had warmer left ears on D2 compared to higher temperatures on the right ear on D1, suggesting higher right-hemisphere activity on D2. ExpObs calves had higher left-eye temperatures when observing a conspecific being disbudded (D2×T1) than InexObs calves that had warmer right eyes, but this reversed on the following day (D3×T1). Calves avoiding the researcher had warmer left eyes whereas those approaching him had warmer right eyes, suggesting greater activation of the right hemisphere in the former. This study provides initial evidence of temperature asymmetries when observing or experiencing a negative event. Further work is required to confirm and build upon these early findings. The study highlights the potential for future development of methods using infrared thermography as a proxy measure of affective valence.

Women Inmates’ Experiences of Juvenile Delinquency: A Research with Phenomenological Approach

This study is aimed to examine the juvenile delinquency experiences of female prisoners who have committed a crime before the age of 18, were tried and convicted and are still in prison with a phenomenological approach. The working group consists of 10 female convicts in a Women's Closed Penitentiary Institution in Turkey who were involved in a crime when they were under the age of 18 and are still in prison due to this crime. As a data collection tool, a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher was used. Interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA), one of the qualitative data analysis methods, was used in the analysis of the research data. In this context, the data obtained were examined with a holistic approach, and each participant's data were interpreted separately and evaluated with similar and different aspects. The MAXQDA program was used in the analysis of the data. It was revealed that women's family and friends are effective in their juvenile delinquency and the family relations of the children and the presence of an individual with a criminal history in the family are also among the risk factors. It is determined that women between the ages of 18-25 were driven to juvenile delinquency by their friends over 18, especially when they were between the ages of 14- 16. Delinquency has been evaluated as a negative situation that is seen in children with the effect of family relations and social environment and causes social, psychological and behavioural problems in children.

АНАЛИЗ МЕТОДОВ ОЦЕНКИ РИСКОВ В ОБЛАСТИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ НА АВИАПРЕДПРИЯТИИ

The article discusses various methods of risk assessment in the field of of process safety at an airline. The purpose of the study is to determine the most appropriate risk assessment method to increase the level of safety at work and reduce the probability of dangerous situations. When analyzing the methods for detecting and identifying hazardous events and negative situations, we have highlighted the most effective ones. Based on this, the authors have created diagrams such as the "tree of incidents" and the "tree of events" has been developed for the event: industrial injury. The article considers the matrix method as one of the most common methods in the practice of professional risk assessment.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ КАДРОВОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ В УПРАВЛЕНИИ ПЕРСОНАЛОМ

The personnel policy of an organization determines the totality of activities of the personnel management of organizations. The normal functioning of the organization is impossible without it. The key goal of the personnel policy organizations is the formation of the team that works effectively for the benefit of an entire organization and where each individual employee is comfortable. The HR policy of organizations should be clearly formulated and transparent to all employees. This allows us to establish common standards, strengthens corporate culture and values, and forms the principles of management relations with the team. The main directions of personnel policy are formed over time in each organization and documented. The personnel policy includes the selection of the personnel, their training, development, motivation, and evaluation of the labor productivity. The methodology of the study of the peculiarities of the personnel policy is based on the norms, rules and principles of the working with personnel. The personnel policy is based on the following methods: administrative (organizational and administrative), economic and socio-psychological. The peculiarities of the personnel policy emphasize its relevance in the modern conditions, which makes it the necessary tool in the functioning of organizations. An effective personnel policy is always based on the personnel planning. It is in the process of this activity that the needs for the human resources necessary to achieve the goals of organizations are identified. Planning helps to avoid various negative situations, save resources and set priorities correctly. The results of the research on the peculiarities of the personnel policy are important in building the balanced, effective system of work with personnel. Without the well-defined personnel policy in organizations, it is impossible to achieve the necessary results and be competitive in the sectors of the economy.

Determination of Compassion and Compassion Fatigue in Intensive Care Nurses.

Compassion is defined as the sadness felt by a living thing or a person due to a negative situation. Compassion fatigue describes emotional, physical, social and spiritual exhaustion or a decrease in these feelings. The concept of compassion, which is at the center of nursing, may be related to compassion fatigue in nurses. The aims of the study were to determine the level of compassion fatigue and compassion among intensive care nurses and to examine the relationship between them. This study was conducted through descriptive research and cross-sectional survey. The population of the research consisted of intensive care nurses from two hospitals in Turkey. Since the universe is accessible, the sample selection method was not used (n = 182). Demographic data form, Compassion Fatigue sub-dimension of the Professional Quality of Life Scale and Compassion Scale were used in the study. The mean score of the nurses' compassion fatigue was 15.86 ± 7.22, and compassion was 72.21 ± 7.28. There was a moderate negative relationship between compassion and compassion fatigue (r = -.405). It was determined that the nurses' compassion was at a moderate level and their compassion fatigue was at a low level. It can be assumed that ICU nurses' compassion is at a medium level and their compassion fatigue is at a low level. It was established that as the compassion level of the nurses increased, the level of compassion fatigue decreased. Developing a sense of compassion in nurses working in intensive care units can reduce compassion fatigue.

СТРАТЕГИИ ПРЕОДОЛЕНИЯ СТРЕССОВЫХ СИТУАЦИЙ ЮРИСТАМИ ЗРЕЛОГО ВОЗРАСТА

The article deals with a comparative analysis of professional stress coping strategies used by mature-aged lawyers of a legal sector and those working in private organizations providing services. Situations generating stress in respondents have been organized and prioritized. It is demonstrated that matureaged lawyers of the legal sector mainly use such non-constructive strategies as “avoidance behavior”, “aggression” and “antisocial behavior” to cope with stress. It has been proved that the contradiction between moral and ethic issues and professional achievements in the legal sector is a key factor for fixation of nonconstructive strategies to cope with professional stress in respondents. The ways to deal with the current negative situation are proposed in the article.

OKR AS TOOL OF STAFF EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT

The article examines the management system of setting objectives and evaluating the key results as one of the factors in improving employee satisfaction and effectiveness. The relevance of the research topic is justified by the current negative situation in the labor market of Ukraine and its continued stagnation, which negatively affects businesses. This trend requires companies to implement new tools to increase employee satisfaction and enhance employee effectiveness. This article investigates how implementing the OKR management system increases employee effectiveness. The scientific results obtained are practical proof of the direct impact of clear and understandable objective setting on employee performance, which directly influences the organization's achievement of its strategic goals. The importance of periodically evaluating and reviewing established goals and key results has been identified.

An analysis of number sense skills of Syrian immigrant students by gender and duration of stay

Considering the negative situations faced by the migrating societies, it is known that the language and culture factors exert a stronger influence on the mathematics course than the other undesirable conditions. From this perspective, it is known that the mathematical performance of individuals is likely to increase by placing the concept of number sense in the center. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the number sense skills of Syrian immigrant students with reference to gender and duration of stay as an immigrant as well as to determine their conceptual awareness of number sense-related components. The descriptive correlational design was used in this study in which 152 immigrant students participated. Web-based two-tier test was used in the data collection process, and descriptive statistical values and t-test for independent samples in the analysis of the data. As a result, it was found that male students compared to female students, as well as those who had been immigrants in Turkey for a long time compared to those for a shorter time showed higher number sense performances, though most of the students were at a low number sense level. In addition, the differences appeared significantly in relation to the variables of gender and duration of stay as an immigrant. A surprising result is that most students preferred number sense-based solutions as the basis for their answers. It can thus be concluded that the number sense performances of Syrian immigrant students are lower than expected and that future studies are needed not only to focus on teachers but also on teaching methods and materials in order to take immigrant problems under control and to come up with solutions with a view to overcome such challenges.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL TRUST AND WHISTLEBLOWING TENDENCY: A STUDY ON HEALTH PROFESSIONALS

Mistakes made in the health sector can have life-threatening negative consequences. In order to reduce these errors and to identify their sources, whistleblowing is used as an important tool. In this study, it is aimed to determine the relationships between the organizational trust perceptions of health professionals and their whistleblowing tendencies. Quantitative research method and quantitative research design were used in the research. The universe of the research consisted of all health professionals working in a training and research hospital providing secondary health care services in Istanbul. Convenience sampling method was preferred in the study. The data were collected via the internet survey technique (using google forms infrastructure). The total number of questionnaires that were evaluated and used in the analysis of the data is 400. SPSS and AMOS package programs were used in the analysis of the data. Descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were applied in the research. The mean whistleblowing tendency of the health professionals participating in the study was found to be 3.84±0.51. When examined in terms of sub-dimensions; the official whistleblowing tendency dimension had the highest mean (4.29±0.73) and the lowest mean (2.47±0.92) was the confidential whistleblowing tendency dimension. According to the results of confirmatory factor analysis, it has been determined that there is a positive relationship between the organizational trust perceptions of health professionals and their whistleblowing tendencies, and the organizational trust perceptions of health professionals affect their attitudes towards whistleblowing tendencies in a statistically significant and positive way. This study is important in that health professionals can report negative situations and then reduce the negative situations that may happen due to being a whistleblower and create an organizational trust environment that will turn into a corporate culture.

Positioning analysis of the lift force sensor in subsonic wind tunnel test chamber design and its effect on naca0015 airfoil

In this study, analysis was carried out by placing the force sensor in different positions in the subsonic wind tunnel test room. NACA0015 profile was used as the airfoil. The model used in the open system subsonic wind tunnel with a 50x50 cm test chamber was manufactured by 3D printing method. Lift force (CL) measurements were studied at Reynolds number (Re) values of 60000, 80000 and 100000. Measurements were analyzed in one-degree increments of the angle of attack, starting from 00. The force device is positioned in 4 different ways around the test room. Efficient results could not be obtained in 3 of the connection attempts. The reason why the results are not efficient is that the fasteners are incompatible with the airfoil, force device and system. The incompatibility of the fasteners caused vibration and a negative situation in the airfoil. There is a slope in the connection made from the side. As a result of the slope, the airfoil has deteriorated. It was observed that the measurements made by positioning the force device inside the test chamber were compatible with the literature. The resulting graph shows an approach to the literature. Although it is graphically compatible, it should be noted that there is a deviation of approximately 10% in the data. Connection stiffness is gaining importance. It has been observed that stall begins at angles of approximately 100 and 110 degrees.

Crisis and resilience in psychology

Crises that occur after natural disasters are real and serious issues that can cause serious depression. A crisis is a situation in which a smooth process suddenly turns into a depression with negative, dangerous consequences. Since our country is in an earthquake-prone region and has experienced earthquakes with great losses, it has a very traumatic history. The concept of crisis, which spreads over a wide area, is a phenomenon that needs to be talked about by drawing boundaries. Natural disasters cause crises, and crises cause trauma. Resilience is the most effective way to deal with natural disasters and the traumas that follow. Resilience can be considered as the ability to adapt to the adverse conditions caused by external factors causing the crisis for disaster management. Psychological resilience is defined as the ability to cope with the negative consequences that may follow a natural disaster and adaptation to a negative situation. The phenomenon of resilience is important for both the individual and the society in societies where major natural disasters such as earthquakes are experienced. This definition of psychological resilience points to an approach that leaves the individual on his/her own in the face of disaster, crisis, and trauma by placing a great responsibility on the individual. However, individuals who have been exposed to natural disasters should not be left on their own and all opportunities should be mobilised to help them. Passive exposure to the wounds caused by natural disasters decays both the individual and the society. Instead, engaging in emotional, mental, social, and artistic investments and taking part in new and multiple fields will benefit the individual and the society in order to tackle the wounds.

Determination of Comfort Zones in Landscape Planning in Niğde

Our cities, most of which do not show planned development, are turning into ecosystems that threaten the living life of the natural and cultural environment as a result of many environmental problems such as increasing human and building density and incorrect land use. This negative situation has the opportunity to be resolved with urban planning in which the physical structure of the city is balanced and with landscape plans that will create open and green areas in the city that contribute positively to human and environmental health. The urban heat island effect, which has emerged as a result of intense urbanization in recent years, creates problems for city residents. Unfortunately, most cities in the world face this negative climate phenomenon. It becomes difficult to combat the heat island effect, especially in cities where construction density increases unconsciously. Ecological planning appears as a factor that will prevent these problems from turning into important environmental problems in the future. The most important component to be considered in ecological planning is climate. In this study, thermal comfort areas were tried to be determined along Dr Sami Yağız Street, which is one of the most frequently used areas of Niğde. Temperature and humidity measurements were taken at 25 points at equal intervals on both sides of the street. Measurements were made on different days of the week and at 4 different times during the day. The obtained values were transferred to ArcGIS 10.3 software and maps were produced. A universal linear extension system was used in the evaluation of climate data, and climate factors and bioclimatically suitable areas on the street were determined and evaluated in terms of comfort level. It has been determined that the humidity rate in the study area varies according to measurement hours, and there is no significant change in temperature.

Investigation of the Mediator Role of Authenticity Between Emotional Intelligence and Resilience Levels of University Students

This study examined the mediating effect of authenticity on the relationship between emotional intelligence and university students' resilience levels. While the concept of emotional intelligence is explained as the ability to control and manage emotions, resilience is defined as coping with negative situations and staying psychologically sound, and authenticity is the state of being original. The sample of the study consists of a total of 419 university students, 317 girls and 102 boys, aged between 18 and 25. Emotional Intelligence Trait Scale-Short Form, Short Psychological Resilience Scale, and Authenticity Scale were used as data collection tools. Data were analyzed with Pearson product-moment correlation, Confirmatory factor analysis, and Structural equation modeling. The results obtained from the study showed that there were positive significant relationships between emotional intelligence and resilience, emotional intelligence and authenticity, and authenticity. After this analysis, the mediating effect of authenticity between emotional intelligence and psychological resilience was examined. In addition, it was concluded that authenticity has a partial mediating effect between emotional intelligence and psychological resilience.

Examining the Relationship between Phubbing and Mental Health among University Students: A Mixed Study

This study aims to examine the association between phubbing in college students and mental health, the dimensions of the association, and the source of this association. The study has the characteristics of an explanatory sequential mixed design, in which qualitative data from mixed designs are interpreted to explain quantitative data. In the quantitative phase of the study, data were collected from 305 participants. In this phase, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, regression analysis, and independent samples t-test were applied to the collected data. In the second phase, in which qualitative data were collected, data were gathered through focus group interviews with 12 participants who had participated in the quantitative phase of the study. In terms of gender, it can be said that female students experience more phobia, anxiety, depression, and stress than male students. According to the results of the qualitative research phase, the participants of the focus group interview indicated that the individuals who exhibit phubbing behaviours are introverted, lonely and abandoned, shy, anxious, poor in communication, and technology dependent. In addition, reasons for interest in smartphones may include relaxation, boredom, avoiding people, escaping stress and depression, escaping negative situations, motivation, following the daily activities of others, or escaping chat environments that do not interest them and that they consider unimportant.

Weakness in AS Monaco FC’s Brand Promotion and Strategies to Revitalize the Club

AS Monaco FC, having a long history and various honors, is a club in Ligue 1. No matter how successful it is in the league, the attendance rate of Louis II Stade, the club’s home stadium, is only about 40 percent, which is extremely low. The low attendance rate represents weak support and low passion of local fans, creating a gap in fandom, which will affect the future development of the club. There must have been some problems in the club’s brand image, leading to such a negative situation. To discover the weaknesses and create some rational ways to revitalize AS Monaco FC, marketing strategies and brand-related knowledge are used to act as the theoretical basis. After analyzing, this paper discovers that AS Monaco FC’s brand image and brand equity are negatively affected by its old stadium, local flourishing gambling industry, local famous F1 Prix industry, and poor relationship between the club and local rich people. To fix the problem, this paper summarized 3 strategies, including renovating the stadium and cooperating with local flourishing industries.

The Transformation of Local Actors in the Globalization Process

It is known that the dizzying development of mass communication technologies has transformed the people of the world into a global family. When it comes to globalization, it is a fact that the powerful actors ruthlessly swallow the local ones, and the discourses that everything local is erased hold a larger place in the memories; however, the erosion of local elements should not be considered as an absolute negative situation. In this context, all local actors, from local businesses operating in different sectors to primitive cultural groups isolated from the world, have gained worldwide advertising and promotion opportunities with globalization. From this point of view, it can be said that the fact that the local actors have the opportunity to promote, share and cooperate on a global scale is more meaningful than the fact that the global ones have become a more dominant power in the world. Concepts such as local business”,“ local newspaper and “local television channel” are no longer valid. There seems to be little place for the concept of “local” in the world, thanks to globalization. It should be added that the globalization of the local actors also includes the meaning of transferring some features from the global ones and evolving towards them.
 This study was carried out with the literature review method and aims to shed light on the direction of change of local actors in the globalization process.

Formation of the Relationship between the Exchange Rate and the Investment Yield of Pension Assets in Kazakhstan: Causes and Consequences

The efficiency of pension asset management, reflected in their performance, determines the stability of the funded pension system of Kazakhstan, and also has the potential to significantly affect the budget process, since the state guarantees recipients a positive real return on their pension savings and compensates from the budget for losses incurred during periods when inflation exceeds the nominal rate of return. The need to ensure a positive real return on pension assets managed by the National Bank of Kazakhstan determines not only the high relevance of the issue of investment management itself, but also other aspects that affect the return, including changes in the exchange rate of the Kazakhstani tenge. The subject of the article is the impact of the tenge exchange rate on the profitability of pension assets, which can be very significant, since it forms one of the main components of investment income — income from foreign currency revaluation. This influence can also act as a factor in the formation of the tenge exchange rate during periods when the real return of pension assets decreases due to the negative situation in the financial markets and high inflation, and this thesis reflects the scientific novelty of the article. The assessment of the hypothesis about the formation of the relationship between the exchange rate of the Kazakhstani currency and the investment yield of pension assets is the aim of this work, and the identification of the main causes and consequences of this phenomenon is its task. Comparative and correlation analysis of indicators of investment return of pension assets, changes in the exchange rate of the Kazakhstani currency, parameters of the external sector and others were used as research methods. The results of the analysis confirm the existence of a relationship between the indicators of profitability of pension assets and the tenge exchange rate, and allow us draw the conclusion that this profitability has an indirect impact on the formation of the Kazakhstani currency exchange rate over the past few years, which has been characterized by non-standard dynamics in the context of a significant improvement in the external economic environment.

STATE SUPPORT AS A FACTOR OF REGULATION OF THE DOMESTIC MARKET OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY IN UKRAINE

The article analyzes the state of agriculture provision with agricultural machinery and it is clarified that despite the extremely important importance of this branch for the country's economy, today there is a critical situation with the technical provision of the agro-industrial complex. Agricultural enterprises not included in the structure of agricultural holdings provide only 45 to 58 percent of the technological need to machinery, of which almost 90 percent of the units need replacement. The number of worn-out equipment, which each year is written off by enterprises, far exceeds the amount that is procured. The article also analyzes the state of state support of material and technical support of agricultural commodity producers in Ukraine. It has been determined that agrarian policy during the transformation period was characterized mainly by the predominance of tactical rather than strategic goals and programs, and the regulatory activity of the state was not systematic and consistent. Taking into account the above, it was concluded that the problem of increasing the effectiveness of the state influence on the development of the agrarian sector as a whole, and on material and technical support of the crop production sector in particular, is particularly relevant to Ukraine. It is concluded that the state policy in the direction of funding activities aimed at their support is not weighed, formed on the residual principle and can not fully contribute to the accomplishment of the tasks. A number of measures have been proposed for correction of the negative situation, which consist in the necessity of: streamlining of normative acts regulating the financing of programs; increase their funding; strengthening control over the implementation of public funding programs; redistribution of funding directions. An analysis of state support programs for agricultural enterprises makes it possible to conclude that their implementation does not have the desired effect due to: lack of funding by the state; unbalanced fiscal and customs policies, lack of incentives to increase scientific research and accelerate the implementation of their results in agricultural machinery; the general crisis of the country's economy since 2014, connected with the loss of territories, military actions in the east of Ukraine, inflationary processes and the political crisis. Keywords: state support, technology market, efficiency, technical and technological updating, material and technical base, financing

Dependence as strategy: extending resource dependence theory and clarifying its understanding of the strategic options of dependent firms

PurposeThis study aims to critically evaluate resource dependence theory’s (RDT) assumptions and explanations about dependence and the dependent firm’s strategic options. The authors argue that RDT’s perception of dependence is problematic because it evaluates dependence as a purely negative situation in which all firms, by definition, seek to develop strategies to change the power structure of such relationships. On the contrary, the authors argue that there are situations in which dependent firms are in agreement with dependence and, therefore, develop strategies that do not aim to change the balance of power in the relationship, but rather to strengthen their position within the relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe research is designed as a theoretical discussion. The authors critically evaluate and discuss current understanding and assumptions about RDT’s dependence explanations. Drawing on insights from the strategic management literature, the authors offer a new perspective on the problematic areas in the dependence explanations of the RDT.FindingsDrawing on insights from the strategic management literature, the authors argue that dependent firms enjoy certain advantages due to the dependence relationship to gain sustainable competitive advantages over their rivals and potential competitors. These advantages include factors such as increasing growth potential, developing capabilities and competencies, building relationships of trust with powerful firms and leveraging their reputations and references that contribute to the sustainable strategic advantages of dependent firms. The authors believe that this study has the potential to spur new research that further challenges the assumptions of the RDT and empirically tests its propositions.Originality/valueThe authors propose a research framework on dependence as a strategic option that has the possibility of expanding RDT’s current dependence explanation.