Negative Interactions Research Articles

How can healthcare providers reduce the adverse effects of endometriosis on women’s life course?

Abstract Background Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological disease that affects about 10% of women of reproductive age. Its symptoms vary in severity and manifestation. Diagnosis is often delayed by an average of 10 years, which may significantly affect women’s lives. This study explores how endometriosis morbidity affects women’s relationships, intimacy, and employment over their lifetime. Methods An online survey was conducted in February 2024 among Jewish Israeli women aged 18 to 50. Out of the 573 women, 270 were diagnosed with endometriosis. The survey collected information on the women’s diagnostic status, pain severity, social support, negative interactions, life-course impact, and distance from the doctor’s clinic. Results Women with endometriosis experience a negative impact on their life course compared to women without the disease, particularly in relationships and intimacy (39.41 vs. 18.44, p<.001) and employment (19.39 vs. 19.11, p<.001). A multivariate regression model was used to predict the effect of endometriosis on the women’s life course and revealed that a negative impact on relationships and intimacy (R2=.385, n = 505) might be predicted by longer travel distance to the doctor’s clinic, higher reported pain level, less reported social support level, and higher reported negative interactions. Furthermore, a negative effect on employment (R2 = .270, n = 513) was predicted by a longer distance to the clinic, a higher reported pain level, less reported social support level, and higher reported negative interactions. Conclusions Enencing supportive environments and increasing accessibility to health services is vital to improving the negative impact of endometriosis on women’s lives. Key messages • Endometriosis treatment requires a multi-faceted approach, including supportive frameworks, reducing negative interactions, and addressing gaps in health service accessibility. • Awareness must be raised among employers regarding endometriosis, creating a supportive environment and making necessary adjustments for employees to openly communicate their needs and struggles.

Discrimination against migrants: does social capital moderate harmful effects on mental health?

Abstract The harmful mental health effects of perceived discrimination are well established. Yet, the role of regional-level social capital in mitigating these effects remains underexplored. Using data from the German Socioeconomic Panel (SOEP; 2010-2021) we apply random effects models to assess the effect of perceived discrimination on mental health (mcs subscale of the SF-12) adjusting for individual socio-demographic factors and regional-level socioeconomic deprivation. We assess interaction with general social capital (civic organisations, electoral turnout, generalised trust) and migrant-specific resources (proportion of non-nationals and share of far-right votes). We juxtapose non-refugee migrants (n = 13478) with refugees subject to mobility restrictions (n = 5558) to assess for bias introduced by selective mobility into regions. In the non-refugee sample, we confirm negative effects of frequent discrimination experiences on mcs (ß: -3.74; 95%CI: -4.39, -3.08). Moderation analyses show insignificant results for general social capital, but a negative interaction effect of proportion of non-nationals (ß: -0.71; 95%CI: -1.34, -0.08). Analyses among refugees confirm the negative effect of discrimination on mcs (ß: -6.29; 95%CI: -7.49, -5.08) and the moderating effect of the proportion of non-nationals (ß: -1.63; 95%CI: -2.78, -0.48), as well as showing a positive moderation effect for generalised trust (ß: 0.84; 95%CI: 0.11-1.57). Results demonstrate the negative implications of living in areas with a high proportion of non-nationals for migrants experiencing discrimination, which may be explained by the higher marginalisation of migrants in these areas and increased service access barriers. The absence of a moderation effect of general social capital appears to be the result of selection bias, with positive effects of generalised trust seen for refugee migrants. Key messages • Ethnic discrimination affects mental health of refugee and non-refugee migrants. • The effect of discrimination on mental health are stronger in areas with higher proportion of non-nationals.

Help! I Have Been Thinking to Do It Lately: Workplace Mistreatment and Suicidal Ideation Among Internship Students in Klang Valley

Workplace mistreatment, such as bullying, abusive supervision, and interpersonal conflict, is increasingly conceded as a critical issue affecting the mental health of junior professionals, particularly interns. Due to their momentary status, high expectations, and lack of support, interns are highly susceptible to negative workplace interactions that can lead to severe psychological outcomes such as including suicidal ideation. Drawing on the Fluid Vulnerability Theory, this study aims to examine the prevalence and impact of various forms of workplace mistreatment on suicidal ideation among internship students in Malaysia, providing insights for effective intervention strategies. The study used a cross-sectional research design and involved 247 internship students from the Faculty of Business and Management at UiTM Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Data were collected through a structured online questionnaire assessing experiences of workplace bullying, abusive supervision, interpersonal conflict, and suicidal ideation. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis, were employed to examine the relationships between the variables. The analysis revealed significant correlations between workplace bullying, abusive supervision, and interpersonal conflict with suicidal ideation. Regression models indicated that workplace bullying and interpersonal conflict were significant predictors of suicidal ideation, accentuating the critical need for targeted interventions in educational and professional environments. The findings suggest that workplace mistreatment significantly contributes to suicidal ideation among interns, highlighting the importance of developing supportive interventions and policies. Addressing workplace mistreatment through targeted programs can improve mental health outcomes for young professionals and foster healthier work environments.

Systematic-ecological estimation of seasonal activity of dehydrogenase in drained swamp soils of interstream of Ob and Tom

Drained peat soils (Histosols) were studied. In the mode of weak and moderate drainage, the trend of seasonal fluctuations (quadratic parabola) shows a weekly average increase in dehydrogenase activity with a weekly average deceleration, in the intensive mode – a weekly average deceleration with a weekly acceleration for June–October. A reliable nonlinear relationship of enzyme activity was revealed: positive – with redox potential and pH, multidirectional – with soil bulk moisture and soil temperature. According to canonical analysis, the discussed set cumulatively determines the seasonal dehydrogenase activity by 50–81%. The hydrological regime is statistically proved as a dominant factor. A negative conjugate interaction of dehydrogenase and peroxidase activity has been established, confirming their participation in the biochemical transformation of organic matter as a whole.

Impact of environmental information disclosure on environmental regulation intensity: evidence from 113 cities in China

Presently, the driving factors for environmental regulatory intensity, especially environmental information disclosure, remain unclear. Exploring the causal relationship between the two has an important guiding value for governments to achieve sustainable development. This research empirically examines the impact of environmental information disclosure on environmental regulatory intensity, and the possible action mechanisms and boundary conditions based on panel data of 113 Chinese cities from 2010 to 2020 using fixed-effects model, quantile regression model, moderating effect model, and spatial econometric models. The conclusions suggest that, first, a 1% increase in environmental information disclosure promotes a positive increase in environmental regulatory intensity of about 0.171%. Second, The regression coefficients of environmental information disclosure in the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 90th quartiles are 0.489, 0.401, 0.443, 0.365 and 0.281 respectively, showing a decreasing trend. Third, transportation infrastructure and the resident’s education level exhibit positive interactions, with interaction term regression coefficients of 0.006 and 0.070, respectively; foreign direct investment exhibits a negative interaction, with coefficient of -0.029. Fourth, both environmental regulation intensity and environmental information disclosure show positive spatial correlations, with a 1% increase in environmental regulation intensity and environmental information disclosure in neighboring cities causing an increase in environmental regulation intensity of about 0.734% and 0.026% in this city. This research demonstrates the positive effects of adopting environmental information disclosure on the realization of sustainable development and provides empirical evidence for government policy formulation.

Higher-order epistasis within Pol II trigger loop haplotypes.

RNA polymerase II (Pol II) has a highly conserved domain, the trigger loop (TL), that controls transcription fidelity and speed. We previously probed pairwise genetic interactions between residues within and surrounding the TL for the purpose of understand functional interactions between residues and to understand how individual mutants might alter TL function. We identified widespread incompatibility between TLs of different species when placed in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pol II context, indicating species-specific interactions between otherwise highly conserved TLs and its surroundings. These interactions represent epistasis between TL residues and the rest of Pol II. We sought to understand why certain TL sequences are incompatible with S. cerevisiae Pol II and to dissect the nature of genetic interactions within multiply substituted TLs as a window on higher order epistasis in this system. We identified both positive and negative higher-order residue interactions within example TL haplotypes. Intricate higher-order epistasis formed by TL residues was sometimes only apparent from analysis of intermediate genotypes, emphasizing complexity of epistatic interactions. Furthermore, we distinguished TL substitutions with distinct classes of epistatic patterns, suggesting specific TL residues that potentially influence TL evolution. Our examples of complex residue interactions suggest possible pathways for epistasis to facilitate Pol II evolution.

A scoping review on barriers and facilitators to harm reduction care among youth in British Columbia, Canada

BackgroundProgressive harm reduction policies have been implemented in British Columbia, Canada. However, youth who use drugs face barriers to receiving harm reduction care, resulting in increasing opioid-related hospitalizations and drug toxicity deaths. This scoping review collates peer-reviewed evidence to understand the barriers and facilitators faced by youth who use drugs when accessing harm reduction programming in British Columbia, Canada.MethodsThis scoping review entailed conducting a systematic search of relevant databases to identify relevant articles. Articles were included if they: (i) contained youth falling between the ages of 12 and 26 years old; (ii) explored accessibility, barriers, and/or facilitators to harm reduction care or related topics; (iii) were empirical research articles using primary data (i.e., reviews, grey literature, theoretical or conceptual papers, books, etc. were excluded); and (iv) were available in the English language, given the geographic focus on British Columbia.ResultsA total of 398 sources were identified and ultimately, data from 13 sources were charted and extracted. When investigating barriers to harm reduction care among youth, four themes emerged: self-stigma, service navigation, service delivery, and negative provider interactions. Furthermore, in exploring factors that facilitate harm reduction care for youth, four themes surfaced: ability to meet basic needs, positive provider interactions, social networks, and risk mitigation guidance.ConclusionsThe expansion of harm reduction services in 2016 did not fully address accessibility challenges faced by youth who use drugs. Barriers continue to hinder harm reduction engagement, while supportive networks, positive provider interactions, and the ability to meet basic needs facilitated sustained access. Tailored policy interventions rooted in equity are crucial to improving access to harm reduction services for youth who use drugs.

Multifaceted effects of variable biotic interactions on population stability in complex interaction webs

Recent studies have revealed that biotic interactions in ecological communities vary over time, possibly mediating community responses to anthropogenic disturbances. This study investigated the heterogeneity of such variability within a real community and its impact on population stability in the face of pesticide application, particularly focusing on density-dependence of the interaction effect. Using outdoor mesocosms with a freshwater community, we found considerable heterogeneity in density-dependent interaction variability among links in the same community. This variability mediated the stability of recipient populations, with negative density-dependent interaction variability stabilizing whereas positive density-dependence and density-independent interaction variability destabilizing populations. Unexpectedly, the mean interaction strength, which is typically considered crucial for stability, had no significant effect, suggesting that how organisms interact on average is insufficient to predict the ecological impacts of pesticides. Our findings emphasize the multifaceted role of interaction variability in predicting the ecological consequences of anthropogenic disturbances such as pesticide application.

Process Groups for Supporting Resident Wellbeing: Factors Influencing Resident Wellness amid the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Burnout is a well-recognized problem among resident physicians. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted the dynamics of the patient/resident relationship and introduced new stressors for medical trainees, such as new restrictions in the hospital, increased patient death, and uncertainty around safety. There is limited research on the implementation of group therapy for residents to address issues of wellbeing and burnout during the pandemic. Method: In response to perceived burnout amongst internal medicine residents, a university-based internal medicine residency program in the Northeast United States implemented process groups, a form of group therapy, in the curriculum. These sessions were held hourly once every five weeks for each cohort of twelve residents during the academic year. We sought to measure resident burnout and identify themes that impacted wellbeing to facilitate the intervention of process groups during the pandemic. In 2021 and 2022, internal medicine residents were invited to complete the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and answer two open-ended questions about the factors that most negatively and positively influenced their wellness. Results: Of the 134 participants, 82% had high emotional exhaustion or depersonalization. The most prevalent themes hindering wellness were negative personal interactions at work, most notably rude behavior by patients, unsupportive attendings, residency program expectations, and work intensity. Findings unique to the pandemic include social isolation from family, distress from poor outcomes, and fear of contracting or spreading the virus. The most prevalent themes for supporting wellness were personal life, camaraderie, professional satisfaction, and program structured support. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that programs can tailor structured support to improve wellness, despite the presence of significant stressors.

Senior Discount? Gender, Age, and Small Donor Fundraising

Recent discussions surrounding candidate age and its impact on small donor fundraising have raised questions about ageism in American politics. However, existing studies of age in politics largely neglect the specific obstacles encountered by older female candidates. This paper, which examines the impact of age and gender on small contribution receipts in U.S. House of Representatives campaigns from 2006-2010, aims to address the following questions: How do age and gender interact to predict small contribution receipts? What are the implications for fundraising of older women candidates compared to their male counterparts? The findings reveal a significant negative interaction between age and gender, indicating that older female candidates experience a pronounced reduction in small contribution receipts compared to older male candidates. This suggests that age-related biases intersect with gender, posing unique challenges for older women candidates in fundraising efforts.

Demographic Risk Factors Vary in the Invasion Front of Chronic Wasting Disease in West Virginia, USA.

After detecting chronic wasting disease (CWD) in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Hampshire County, West Virginia, USA, in 2005, we investigated the change of CWD apparent prevalence and potential factors influencing infection risk during the invasion front. Over eight sampling years (2006-2012 and 2017) during a 12-yr period within a 101-km2-area monitoring zone, we sampled and tested a total of 853 deer for CWD by ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Bayesian logistic regression of risk factors included collection year, age class, sex, and adjusted body weight (weight after accounting for sex, age, kidney fat index, and number of fetuses). In the whole-herd model (n=634), collection year, age, and adjusted body weight were associated with increased odds of CWD, whereas an age-weight interaction had a negative relationship. We found that males drove the positive associations with age and adjusted body weight, whereas females were responsible for the negative interaction effect. These findings suggest potential behavioral and physiological mechanisms related to sex that may influence CWD exposure. Older males exhibited higher CWD prevalence, aligning with previous studies. Notably, the novel finding of adjusted body weight as a risk factor in males warrants further investigation, and this study highlights the need for future research on social behavior and its role in CWD transmission within white-tailed deer populations.

Improving the efficiency of aerial surveys for monitoring North American beaver population dynamics

Context The North American beaver (Castor canadensis) was extirpated from much of its range in the US in the 1800s due to fur trapping and change in land use. However, the species has recolonised much of its former range, including the US state of Ohio. Since 2013, the Ohio Division of Wildlife (ODOW) has monitored trends in beaver colony density via aerial surveys of 40 km × 40 km plots classified as low, medium, or high suitability based on the amount of wetland. Nonetheless, the current classification system may miss important correlates of beaver colony density. Aims Our study aimed to (1) identify predictors of beaver colony density (number of colonies inferred from aerial counts of lodges) across Ohio, and (2) develop a model-based classification system to improve the efficacy of monitoring efforts. Methods To predict beaver colony density in Ohio we used an aerial survey dataset of 54 plots (40 km × 40 km) collected by ODOW annually between 2013 and 2020, along with a suite of environmental, anthropogenic, and climate variables in a mixed effects modelling framework. Key results Beaver colony density was positively associated with wetland and reclaimed surface mine areas and inversely associated with the proportion of agricultural lands. There was a negative interaction between wetland and surface mines; in general, beaver colony density increased with wetland and surface mine area. However, in plots with wetland area >1000 ha, beaver colony density was weakly negatively associated with surface mine area. Using median and interquartile ranges of model-averaged predicted beaver colony density, we developed a new classification of low, moderate and high suitability for both the survey plots and the entire state of Ohio. We found that eastern Ohio had high suitability, while the central and western parts of the state had lower suitability for C. canadensis. Conclusions Our approach to identifying predictors for beaver colony density at broad spatial scales highlights the importance of reclaimed surface mines and wetlands for beaver populations, while the model-based habitat classification provides ODOW additional information for monitoring and beaver management decisions. Implications Improved C. canadensis monitoring at the landscape scale using habitat classifications that consider local conditions can both improve annual survey cost-effectiveness and facilitate the sustainable management of this recovering species.

Efficient epistasis inference via higher-order covariance matrix factorization.

Epistasis can profoundly influence evolutionary dynamics. Temporal genetic data, consisting of sequences sampled repeatedly from a population over time, provides a unique resource to understand how epistasis shapes evolution. However, detecting epistatic interactions from sequence data is technically challenging. Existing methods for identifying epistasis are computationally demanding, limiting their applicability to real-world data. Here, we present a novel computational method for inferring epistasis that significantly reduces computational costs without sacrificing accuracy. We validated our approach in simulations and applied it to study HIV-1 evolution over multiple years in a data set of 16 individuals. There we observed a strong excess of negative epistatic interactions between beneficial mutations, especially mutations involved in immune escape. Our method is general and could be used to characterize epistasis in other large data sets.

Time‐Quantile and Frequency Response of Green Growth to Energy Vulnerability, Energy Uncertainty, and Geopolitical Risks

AbstractThe study explains the time‐quantile‐frequency adjustments of green growth to energy vulnerability, energy uncertainties, and geopolitical risks (GPR) in the United States (US). Novel insights with notable policy implications emerged following the empirical analysis of monthly data spanning 2000 m1–2022 m12. The study implemented the Wavelet Quantile Correlation (WQC), Wavelet Quantile Granger Causality, and the Rolling Windows Wavelet Quantile Granger Causality to understand the dynamics among the variables. Evidence from WQC divulged time‐specific positive and negative interactions between green growth and its determinants. Specifically, energy vulnerability dampened green growth more profoundly in the immediate and medium terms. However, in the long term, green growth prospers amidst energy vulnerability. This outcome reflects some policy effectiveness that reduced the negative effects of energy vulnerability for green growth. The effects of energy uncertainties are similar to that of energy vulnerability, with more profound damaging effects in the lower medium horizon of the distributions. GPR dampened green growth in the short run and enhanced it in the medium term, but it reduced green growth more profoundly in the long run. The pleasant effects of energy efficiency and digitalization are observed mostly in the long run, with notable green growth‐reducing effects mainly in the short run.

Role of biquadratic exchange on thermodynamic quantities in anisotropic Heisenberg model

The magnetic and thermodynamic properties of the spin-1 anisotropic Heisenberg system are studied within Oguchi approximation. The system contains both the bilinear and biquadratic exchange interactions between the nearest neighboring spins located on a centered honeycomb lattice. For the positive biquadratic exchange interaction parameters, the phase transition in the Heisenberg case is of both second and first order where there is a discontinuity in the thermodynamic properties at this transition temperature. For some negative biquadratic exchange interaction parameters, in both the Heisenberg and Ising cases, the ferromagnetic state changes in favor of the antiferromagnetic state. The frustrated antiferromagnetic structure created by the biquadratic exchange parameter with negative sign was shown significantly influence the magnetization, quadrupolar moment, internal energy, heat capacity, entropy and free energy of the system, where the system has an oscillating chaotic phase regime. A double peak behavior was observed in the specific heat, with one at the critical temperature and another at a low temperature.

Impact of Climate Change and Human Activities on the Ecological Sensitivity of the Yangtze River Economic Belt

The increasing climate change and human activities exert their influence on the ecological sensitivity of the region individually and interactively. Therefore, a clear understanding of the impact of climate change and human activities on ecological sensitivity will enhance the resilience of the regional ecological environment and the level of sustainable development. This study took the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the first demonstration zone of China's ecological civilization construction, as the research object. Based on the meteorological, remote sensing, and statistical data of 130 cities in the whole region from 2001 to 2021, an index system of climate change, human activities, and ecological sensitivity was constructed. Response surface methodology （RSM） was used to explore the effects of climate and anthropogenic single factors and interactions on the ecological sensitivity in each region. The results showed that： ① The ecological sensitivity value of the belt fluctuated and rose in time, rising by 2.2% from 2001 to 2021. In terms of space, the overall spatial distribution was "high in the north and low in the south." In 2021, the proportion of severely and extremely sensitive cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt reached nearly 50%. ② For a single factor, the distribution of the effect of the same factor had certain characteristics： The areas where the single factors of economic development, rainfall, and temperature had a positive impact on the ecological sensitivity were concentrated in the areas with higher or faster economic development, along and south of the Yangtze River. For the interaction factors, the effect of 78.6% of the factors on the ecological sensitivity was negative interaction, and the change of one factor level would change the direction of the effect of the other factor on the regional sensitivity. ③ The comprehensive ecological management area of the Yangtze River Economic Belt was divided based on the ecological sensitivity and climate sensitivity. The governance areas that needed priority improvement were clustered within the three urban agglomerations and their northern adjacent areas, which meant that the ecological sensitivity and climate sensitivity of a city had spillover effects. This study is expected to provide inspiration for the economic zone and even the national and global efforts in the field of regional ecological governance.

Fenomena “The Nuruls” Di Kota Depok. (Studi Fenomenologi Remaja Berhijab Di Kota Depok)

This study examines the phenomenon of "The Nuruls" in Depok City, a group of hijab wearing teenage girls whose lifestyle negotiates between conservative values and modern social demands. The research aims to understand the social interactions of "The Nuruls" through a phenomenological approach and identify factors influencing their social interactions. Using a qualitative studi phenomenological method, this study involves 4 hijab-wearing teenage informants aged 15-22 years, selected through purposive sampling. The results show that "The Nuruls" form their own social reality through activities such as hanging out in cafes, listening to music, and adopting casual styles. Social interactions within this group create an intersubjective reality and collective identity that strengthens the formation of meaning and self-identity as hijab wearing teenagers different from general expectations. This phenomenon reflects the dynamics of hijab-wearing teenage girls' identity in the digital era, who strive to balance religious values with modern lifestyles, although it can sometimes lead to negative social interactions.

Phenology mediates direct and indirect interactions among co-occurring invasive plant species.

Why nonnative invasive plant species commonly co-occur, despite their competitive superiority and propensity to displace native species, remains a paradox in invasion biology. Negative interactions among competitively dominant invaders are potentially alleviated by two understudied mechanisms: seasonal priority effects, where phenological separation weakens the effect of competition on species with early phenology; and indirect facilitation, where competition between two species is mitigated by a third species. Although phenological separation has been speculated as a mechanism for explaining co-occurrence patterns of invasive plants, it has never been directly tested. In a greenhouse experiment, we tested the effect of phenological separation on direct and indirect interactions between three co-occurring invasive plant species found in the riparian forests of North America. These species have distinct natural phenological separation with reproduction in early spring (Ficaria verna), mid-spring (Alliaria petiolata), and late summer (Microstegium vimineum). When phenology was experimentally synchronized, direct pairwise interactions among invasive species were overwhelmingly negative, asymmetric, and unlikely to promote co-occurrence. However, increasing phenological separation generated seasonal priority effects, which weakened the effect of competition on species with early phenology. Furthermore, the addition of a third species generated indirect facilitative effects, which balanced competitive outcomes among the two weakest competitors. Based on these findings, we conclude that phenological separation modulates the strength of both seasonal priority effects and indirect facilitation within species interaction networks and may promote the co-occurrence of three common invasive species within this study system. We articulate how future studies can test the external validity of these findings in more complex environmental conditions and with a larger range of invasive plants.

Exploring the Interaction of Incentives and Benefits on New Product Performance

This study investigates how to optimize compensation strategies by balancing incentives and benefits to achieve superior new product performance. Grounded in resource orchestration theory, this research proposes that firms should properly configure incentives and benefits for successful new product development. Survey data were collected from China to test the theoretical model. The results reveal that while incentives positively correlate with subjective new product performance, they are negatively associated with objective new product performance, despite a positive relationship between subjective and objective new product outcomes. Moreover, we uncover a significant negative interaction between incentives and benefits on objective new product performance. This result indicates that firms can maximize the sales contribution of new product programs by designing compensation strategies with low incentives paired with high benefits.

Circulating respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 during 2021-2022 season in Tunisia: Epidemiological and dynamic changes

BackgroundChanging patterns in community respiratory virus activity were reported in different geographical locations during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of circulating respiratory viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, during the season 2021-2022 in Tunisia. MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 328 nasopharyngeal samples received at the Triage Center of Habib Bourguiba Hospital from patients with acute respiratory symptoms during September 2021-May 2022. All samples were screened for both SARS-CoV-2 and common respiratory viruses. This latter detection was performed using end-point multiplex RT-PCRs, Real-Time PCR, and AllplexTM Respiratory Panel 1 kit (Seegene) for Influenza Virus A (IFVA) and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) subtyping. ResultsAmong included patients, at least one viral pathogen was identified in 118 (35.9%) patients. The detection rate of SARS-CoV-2 was 21.6%. A low viral coinfection rate was observed (3.3%). The most prevalent pathogen among non-SARS-CoV-2 viruses was Enterovirus/Rhinovirus (HEV/HRV) (59.6%) followed by IFVA (15.3%) and Adenoviruses (ADV) (11.5%). Only IFVA H3N2 was found to circulate during the study period. A negative virus interaction was eventually induced by SARS-CoV-2, as it was shown by lower levels of activity of non-SARS-CoV-2 viruses (not exceeding 17.7%) while infections due to pandemic Omicron variants of concern became widespread. ConclusionsThis study highlights the relative return of community IFVA circulation during the 2021-2022 season in Tunisia. A negative viral interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses is highly suggested, which explains, in addition to the easing of COVID-19 restriction measures, the epidemiological changes in non-SARS-CoV-2 viruses circulation.