Consumer Need Research Articles

The Application Practice of Acupuncture Boneless Lanterns in Modern Brands

In the century when the oriental style is hot, the application of Chinese elements in visual design is increasing rapidly. Whether it is the need of consumers to pursue "cultural individuality" or the urgent requirement to promote and protect the national traditional culture, the integration of Chinese traditional culture is undoubtedly the next hot trend. The Chinese national culture is broad and profound, with many wonderful cultural and artistic treasures. Flower lantern is one of the traditional folk crafts in ancient China. Quanzhou flower lantern has unique craft characteristics, long history and rich cultural connotation, and is also a national intangible cultural heritage protection project. The main research object of this paper is based on the artistic characteristics of "needled boneless lantern". Through literature analysis, induction and extraction, design practice and other methods, this paper extracts and analyzes its historical and cultural connotation, art form appreciation, traditional pattern technology, and combines it with modern technology to explore and summarize, feel the unique charm of oriental culture, and form a diversified collision between traditional handicraft culture and modern brand design.

Choose as much as you wish: Freedom cues in the marketplace help consumers feel more satisfied with what they choose and improve customer experience.

Consumer satisfaction and customer experience are key predictors of an organization's future market growth, long-term customer loyalty, and profitability but are hard to maintain in marketplaces with abundance of choice. Building on self-determination theory, we experimentally test a novel intervention that leverages consumer need for autonomy. The intervention is a message called a "freedom cue" (FC) which makes it salient that consumers can "choose as much as they wish." A 4-week field experiment in a sporting gear store establishes that FCs lead to greater consumer satisfaction compared to when the store displays no FC. A large (N = 669) preregistered process-tracing experiment run with a consumer panel and a global e-commerce company shows that FCs at point-of-sale improve consumer satisfaction and customer experience compared to an equivalent message that does not make freedom to choose any amount salient. Perceived freedom mediates the effect. FCs do not change the time spent or clicks on the website overall but do change the focus of the choice process. FCs lead to greater focus on what is chosen than on what is not chosen. We discuss practical implications for organizations and future research in consumer choice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Sustainable Production of Sugarcane and Rice

Sugarcane (Sacchraum officinarum L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) are important cash and staple crop in the world respectively. In today’s population explosion the lots of pressure on cropping land to mitigate the feed need of consumers with judicious use of chemical fertilizers without considering the health of soil and its sustainability. The rhizobacteria live region around roots (2-80 mm) of crop with divers, dynamic and complex microflora having capacity with direct and indirect beneficial effects on crop health by availability of different nutrient, siderophores, rhizo deposits, auxins and role with bioremediation. There are different types of bacteria is isolated from rhizosphere of sugarcane and rice having Bacillus, Rhizobium, comamonas, cyanaobacteria, Nodosilinea, Levinella and Pseudomonas genera with most efficient nitrogen producer, solubilizers of inorganic phosphate, potash and other macro and micronutrient. In rice microbiome as Levinella, Psudomonas Anaeromyxobacter, Arenimonas, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, Bellilinea Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and cyanobacteria with strains of Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter are further divided in vegetative and reproductive growth stage of rice crop. The article give brief idea about the large arena of them.

Temporal Landmarks and Nostalgic Consumption: The Role of the Need to Belong.

This study investigates the influence of temporal landmarks on nostalgic consumption through the mediating role of the need to belong. In particular, the study identifies end landmarks as one of the triggers of landmarks, a phenomenon that has not been studied in the existing nostalgic consumption literature. The research is composed of one pilot study and three experiments to test our research hypotheses. The results show that end temporal landmarks trigger feelings of nostalgia, which leads to nostalgic consumption through the need to belong. This study underscores the mediating role of the need to belong, which plays an important role in leading to nostalgic consumption. Building upon theoretical perspectives on the need to belong, our study enriches the research literature by linking extreme consumer emotional statuses, such as social anxiety, to the consumer need to belong, showing that consumer nostalgic consumption can become a coping strategy that counteracts these negative feelings and helps in regaining connection and supporting social relationship networks. Marketers may use the signs of end temporal landmarks to increase consumers' nostalgia, which, in turn, will enhance consumers' need to belong and thus lead to the purchasing and consumption of nostalgic products.

A REVIEW ON CONSUMER INCLINATION TOWARDS IMITATION JEWELLERY

This study is undertaken analyse the inclination of imitation jewellery and their satisfaction level towards price, variety, quality and convenience therefore keeping now in mind, some objective were framed and also the study was carried, supported the objectives. The data is collected through questionnaire, as it is the most accessible way for the experimenter as well as the replier. The collected date was analysis by using chance system chance was calculated by taking the number of replier for a particular parameter against the total number of repliers. The Chi-square test is used in this study to find out whether there is any significant association between the particular factors and source of mindfulness and family income per month and quantum spent on imitation jewellery per time. The average ranking analysis is used to analyses the opinion given by the repliers for important factors, the weights has been given to each factors and total scoring are calculated, The average score analysis deals with consumer position of satisfaction towards price, variety, quality and vacuity of imitation jewellery. Hence the manufacturer has to introduce imitation jewellery to satisfy the need of consumers at all level of income. The manufacturers should keep an eye on quality and see that delivery schedules are kept. The beautiful designs and the equally beautiful materials with which they are made and most importantly the economical cost make imitation jewellery the most wanted item on anybody shopping list. All this keeps the fires burning in the imitation jewellery industry and helps in bringing out new and improved beautiful works of art in imitation jewellery. KEY WORDS: Imitation jewellery, trends, inclination, variety, design, price and availability

Exploring Women's Perception of High Metabolic Clothing

This study presents the first exploratory inquiry into women's perception of High Metabolic Clothing (HMC) that could aid in weight loss and/or muscle maintenance/gain. A mixed methods study was conducted combining an online survey ( n = 502) and interviews ( n = 30). A composite variable combining BMI and exercise engagement was used to group and compare participants for data analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis and content analysis guided by the FEA (functional, expressive, and aesthetic) Consumer Needs Model. Results revealed that 83.5% of survey respondents were interested in wearing HMC; high BMI non-exercisers were identified as the biggest market for HMC. Four future directions were identified for HMC to address a range of user needs. Clothing that resisted movement was perceived as acceptable providing HMC helped a wearer to achieve their goals and the design adhered to consumers’ aesthetic needs and societal clothing norms.

Analysis on Female Consumerism in the She-Economy and Emotional Value

With the booming development of her economy, the proportion of female consumer market is expanding. Female consumers tend to pay more attention to the brands value expression and the emotional value brought by consumption, and the old marketing strategies cannot meet the new demand of female consumerism. This paper will analyse existing cases through the case study method and conclude that female consumer brands should pay attention to value guidance and marketing, and incorporate positive emotional values into their products and services. In terms of response strategies, brands should avoid entering into a purely self-assumption trap that would touch womens bottom line, and instead focus on the brands own positioning and marketing objectives, based on prudent market condition and consumer research, and correctly grasp the conception of women in the new era, in order to appropriately interpret and present the brands positioning, and ultimately deliver the positive emotional value that female consumers need.

AR-Induced Consumer Experience in Hybrid Retailing

Retail augmented reality is rapidly modernizing by redefining shopping patterns, preferences, and decision-making process. Enhanced real-world product visualization, try-before-you-buy, personalized product recommendations, product information, interactive and guided shopping experiences, marketing, and brand engagement are ways that experience value is created for consumers and retailers. In order to better understand how AR-induced experiential values affect value creation and decision-making in the retail sector, this paper will review the relevant literature. This study analyses literature through a systematic review approach using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) by reviewing 162 articles. This review identifies the need for consumers to have a value-in-use experience when using augmented reality (AR) and integrates a new conceptual framework that depicts the pathways leading to value creation for retailers and consumers in retail contexts throughout their shopping journey. Additionally, it makes recommendations for future research directions in areas of consumer perception and behavior with AR value creation and multifaceted values of augmented experience.

Determinant Factors Influencing Green Purchase Intention of Millennials in Delhi/NCR and Green Consumer Needs

Determinant Factors Influencing Green Purchase Intention of Millennials in Delhi/NCR and Green Consumer Needs

Accreditation as a lever for change in the development of the collaborative practitioner in the Australian health system.

ObjectivePatient expectations in the Australian healthcare system are for coordinated, collaborative practice. There is a need for education institutions, health services, accreditation authorities, and consumers to work together to achieve this goal. As part of a larger body of work, we sought to understand how these stakeholders contribute to the development of collaborative healthcare practice.MethodNineteen focus groups were conducted in 2022 with 84 participants consisting of education providers (n=62), consumers (n=10), representatives from the Health Profession's Education Standing Group (n=8), and health service practitioners (n=4). Framework analysis was initially undertaken to understand facilitators of, and barriers to, collaborative practice and learning. In a secondary analysis, the themes were re-organised according to the Bolman and Deal domains of organisational practice, to make explicit the structural, human resource, political, and symbolic factors deemed useful for re-imaging a process for learning about and incentivising collaborative practice.ResultsThere are multiple factors across healthcare settings that both facilitate and challenge the development of collaborative practice. Co-location of professions and participation in formal interprofessional processes such as team meetings and handovers facilitated learning collaborative practice, although traditional cultures which perpetuate siloed models of healthcare, power differentials between the professions, funding structures, and information sharing limited opportunities. The 'value' of collaborative practice was facilitated through both consistent curriculum messages throughout health professional courses and positive role modelling.ConclusionsEducation institutions, health service practitioners, accreditation authorities, and consumers can work together to facilitate the development of collaborative practice through attention to policy and processes, curriculum activities, student participation, health service activities and practice, and resource allocation.

Основні інструменти інтернет-маркетингу в публічному управлінні в умовах глобальної цифровізації

Formulation of the problem. The year 2020 convinced the whole world that the Internet is one of the best channels for transmitting information, selling goods and providing services, because thanks to its use, a certain part of businesses avoided bankruptcy, and some companies were able to increase sales and, most importantly, meet the needs of almost all spheres of life in society in crisis conditions. Global digitalization has opened up new opportunities for interaction for business and society in general, has given impetus to new forms of cooperation, which determines the relevance of research, especially in conditions of war. Analysis of recent research and publications. Internet marketing in public administration and global digitization processes are studied by many scientists, in particular, it is worth mentioning such scientists as Yanchuk T., Gnot T., Vynogradova O., Nedopako N., Kryzhko O., Ilyashenko S., Bradulov P., Ordynskyi V. and others. These researchers study the application of Internet marketing technologies in the sales activities of an enterprise, peculiarities of theoretical and practical studies of their application, consider conceptual approaches to modelling the Internet marketing strategy and propose stages of its formation, tools for developing a strategy, methods and models, and reveal modern trends in the use of Internet technologies in marketing. Isolation of previously unresolved parts of the general problem. The issue of researching modern Internet marketing tools in the context of global digitalisation remains an urgent problem. Summary of the main research material. Today, new Internet technologies are one of the main factors in the development of the global and unified world information space. The article highlights the main tools of Internet marketing in public administration, including contextual and targeted advertising, affiliate, content, social media and email marketing, search engine optimisation, the combination of which will increase business profitability and satisfy the need of consumers for quality goods and efficient services. The use of these tools in public management deserves special attention, as it allows authorities and public organizations to interact with the public, inform citizens about decisions and services, involve citizens in participating in various programs and initiatives, as well as improve access to information, increase the level of citizen participation in the process management. However, it is necessary to take into account the transparency and security of processing citizens' data when using digital tools in public management. Conclusions. The main tools in the field of Internet marketing in public administration considered in the study are extremely effective and relevant, but in addition to the above, direct interaction with customers and advertising via popular messengers such as WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Viber, Telegram, etc. play an important role. An effective marketing strategy may include a combination of these methods, depending on the target audience and marketing goals of the business.

Validating the COVID Check-In: A co-produced online platform enabling integrated care for people with Long COVID

Introduction: ‘Long COVID’ describes the sustained and debilitating symptoms experienced by many people following acute COVID-19 infection. This study builds on previous work by Deakin University and the Western Health COVID-19 Recovery Collaboration (WHCOVRE). In this previous work, a team of 4 health researchers and 6 consumers with Long COVID co-designed the COVID Recovery (or DisCOVeRY) model of care. This model provides a framework for appropriate and effective care by providing an integrated pathway that incorporates existing community supports, tailored to individual consumer need. Consumers receive a comprehensive biopsychosocial assessment using a co-designed patient rated outcome measure (PROM) called the ‘COVID Check-In’ (CCI), the World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS-36), EQ-5D and the 100-point Goal Attainment Scale (GAS). Assessment outcomes determine which clinical stream is offered – self-managed (DisCOVeRY-SM) or intensive rehabilitation (DisCOVeRY-IR).
 Aim: The aim of this project was to validate the automated component of DisCOVeRY-SM for people with Long COVID. Is the CCI a valid, reliable, relevant and accessible Patient Rated Outcome Measure (PROM) for people with Long COVID?
 Methods: A quantitative descriptive approach was adopted, providing a psychometric analysis of the validity of the CCI. The CCI was delivered using “Platform O”; a flexible online research tool developed at Deakin University to meet both end-user and researcher needs. The interactive content builder fully integrates with questionnaire applications, online video platforms, animated content, and third-party interactive applications. “Platform O” also includes engagement tools (e.g., star ratings, personalised reminders) and security features to support user testing, continuous quality improvement and communication between end-users and the project team.
 All Australians meeting the World Health Organisation case description of Long COVID aged over 18 years were eligible to participate. For divergent validity analysis, a separate sample of Australians diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) aged over 18 years were also eligible to participate. Participants were invited to complete the comprehensive baseline assessment outcome measures only on a single occasion on Platform O. Brief ‘pop’ up questions about the comprehensiveness, relevance and comprehensibility of the CCI were included to evaluate content validity. Correlations between CCI scores, WHODAS-36, EQ-5D and the GAS assessed convergent validity. While Long COVID and chronic fatigue syndrome share some symptoms, they are distinctive syndromes whose differences were used to assess divergent validity.
 Results: The face and construct validity of the CCI was tested in a small sample (n=20) at Western Health. Further validation is currently underway (n=260 consumers) to ensure its quality prior to broader scale up of the DisCOVeRY-SM, and these results will be reported in this conference paper. 
 Conclusion: The CCI is the first co-produced PROM for people with Long COVID, and specifically reflects their needs and priorities. Rigorous validation of this measure will support its broader dissemination both within and outside of Australia, to enable people with this syndrome to receive integrated, high quality and individually tailored care.

Understanding narcissistic spending: The connections between narcissistic personality traits and conspicuous consumption

The present study explored potential factors that may mediate the relationship between narcissism and conspicuous consumption, as the underlying reasons for this connection remain uncertain. Specifically, we investigated the following variables as potential mediators of the links between narcissistic personality traits and conspicuous consumption: consumer need for uniqueness, materialism, approval seeking, material meaning, consumer sexual signaling, and need for social status. In a sample of 2,944 Israeli community members, our study revealed that extraverted, antagonistic, neurotic, and communal narcissism frequently exhibited positive indirect connections with conspicuous consumption through these mediating factors, with the most robust associations often being observed for antagonistic narcissism. However, a clear departure from this pattern became apparent when the anticipated mediation of the connections between narcissistic personality traits and conspicuous consumption via the need for social status did not unfold as predicted. In contrast, extraverted, antagonistic, and communal narcissism exhibited negative indirect associations with conspicuous consumption through the need for social status. Collectively, these findings indicate both commonalities and distinctions in how narcissistic personality traits are associated with conspicuous consumption via specific mediators. The discussion delves into the significance of these outcomes in shedding light on why conspicuous consumption holds allure for individuals with narcissistic tendencies.

Sexism and the Commodification of Women in Media: A Critical Analysis

This study aims to investigate the pervasive issue of sexism within media and its role in the commodification of women. Through a critical lens, we seek to unravel the underlying mechanisms that perpetuate harmful stereotypes and objectification of women in media products, ultimately shedding light on the implications for societal perceptions and gender equality.
 Utilizing a comprehensive research approach, we systematically analyzed various media content, including advertisements, films, and television shows. Content analysis was employed to identify patterns, representations, and messaging surrounding women in media products.
 The study reveals a disturbing prevalence of sexism and the commodification of women in various forms of media. We found that women are frequently objectified, reduced to superficial attributes, and often portrayed in subordinate roles. These depictions not only reinforce harmful stereotypes but also contribute to the perpetuation of gender inequality and discrimination. The study underscores the urgent need for media producers, consumers, and policymakers to recognize the detrimental impact of such portrayals and work collaboratively to promote more diverse, empowering, and equitable representations of women in media. Doing so can contribute to a more inclusive and just society.

Initial clinical experience with new technology: ePatch extended Holter monitoring

Abstract Introduction Holter monitor electrocardiography is used to detect potential cardiac arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation (AF). However, conventional ECG monitoring, data analysis and reporting methods can be labor-intensive and inefficient, leading to high upfront costs and long turnaround times. At the same time, traditional Holter devices can be cumbersome to wear, while inconvenient processes may reduce patient compliance and satisfaction – which impacts diagnostic yield. This new device (ePatch®) is a simple patch application, enrollment and activation with no battery charging needed and no cable attachments (Figure 1). Up to 14 days of continuous ECG recording. Wearable in shower, during exercise and while sleeping. Single-channel, up to 14 days. Two-channel, up to 5 days Purpose Our goal is to evaluate the quality and diagnostic efficacy of ePatch® in different clinical settings. Methods Prospective study of patients with ePatch® placed in our center requested for study of undocumented palpitations, syncope or cryptogenic stroke. Clinical variables, diagnostic accuracy, and time to diagnostic event are analyzed. Results We enrolled the first 57 patients, of whom 27 (50%) were women, with a mean age of 67.8 years (range 27 to 89). The most common indication was undocumented palpitations (35.1%) and cryptogenic stroke (35.1%), followed by syncope (29.6%). All the patients had correct compliance, tolerance and the ECG monitored was of good quality. A conclusive diagnosis: (symptomatic sustained tachyarrhythmia, atrial-ventricular block with bradyarrhythmia, significant pauses or AF) was obtained in 5 patients (8.7% of the total). The average event time since ePatch registration started was 2.4 days (range 1 to 5 days). Conclusions The ePatch® is a new extended Holter device offering a simple, complete and efficient ECG monitoring system. This new technology is safe and has numerous advantages: spend less time on logistics and device handling, prepare your patients efficiently, eliminate the need for additional consumables and constant battery replacement. The ECG monitor of our study is of 5 days, but it can be used for up to 14 days. It is designed to address the challenges of traditional Holter monitoring.

Co-design and Consultation Ensure Consumer Needs Are Met: Building an eHealth Platform for Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

BackgroundCrohn’s Colitis Care is an adult inflammatory bowel disease eHealth system. Crohn’s Colitis Care required additional pediatric functionality to enable life-long records and mitigate transition inadequacies.AimThis study describes and evaluates a consensus method developed to ensure consumer needs were met.MethodsPediatric-specific functionality and associated resources considered important for inclusion were developed by a clinician consensus group. This group was divided into thematic subgroups and underwent two voting rounds. The content validity index was used to determine items reaching consensus. Children with inflammatory bowel disease and their parents were later shown a descriptive list of non-clinical inclusion topics proposed by the consensus group, and asked to vote on whether topic-related functionality and resources should be included.ResultsThe consensus process consulted 189 people in total (38 clinicians, 32 children with inflammatory bowel disease and 119 parents). There was agreement across all groups to incorporate functionality and resources pertaining to quality of life, mental health, self-management, and transition readiness; however, divergence was seen for general inflammatory bowel disease facts, your inflammatory bowel disease history, and satisfaction. Cost saw the greatest disparity, being less supported by consumers compared to clinicians. Over 75% of consumers agreed it would be okay for appointments to take longer for survey completion, and > 90% thought Crohn’s Colitis Care should allow consumers to ask their treating team questions.ConclusionsWidespread consumer co-design and consultation were important in unveiling differing perspectives to ensure Crohn’s Colitis Care was built to support both consumer and clinician perspectives.Graphical Consumers collaborate to create a list of functionality and resources to be included in software (left), influencing the final product build (right).

Robot-assisted knee arthroplasty: first experience (a prospective randomized study)

Introduction Primary total knee arthroplasty has long been proven effective in the treatment of stage 3–4 knee osteoarthritis. It is well known that this intervention not only improves the quality of life, but also helps to restore the function of the joint and eliminate axial deformities.Purpose To compare early results of total knee arthroplasty using robot-assisted technology with conventional manual technique.Materials and Methods 20 patients diagnosed with stage 3 osteoarthritis of the knee joint and varus deformity of the knee joint axis were included in a prospective randomized study. Patients were divided into 2 representative groups, 10 subjects underwent robot-assisted knee arthroplasty, and the conventional manual technique was used in the other 10 patients. For clinical assessment, functional scales KSS, WOMAC, Lysholm Score were used, postoperative radiographs were evaluated.Results According to clinical functional scales, 10 days after surgery, there was an improvement in performance in the patients of both groups (p < 0.05); the duration of the operation in the patients of both groups did not differ in general; intra-operative blood loss in the group with robot‑assisted arthroplasty was lower; and assessment of postoperative results by radiological imaging showed a better component positioning according to preoperative planning in the robotic group.Discussion When the operation is performed by experienced surgeons, one can expect the correct position of the components and the balance of the ligamentous apparatus in standard arthroplasty. However, the use of robot-assisted technology provides a secure intervention performance even at a hospital where a small number of such operations is performed.Conclusion Despite the high cost and the need for additional consumables, robot-assisted arthroplasty has a number of advantages over classical manual techniques. These advantages include: accurate restoration of the limb axis even in extra-articular deformities, correct position of the endoprosthesis components, reduction of intraoperative blood loss due to closed medullary canals, and safety for patients. However, the role of the surgeon in such operations remains paramount, as it is the surgeon who is responsible for planning the operation, performing it, and achieving soft tissue balance.

Modelling the factors of technological innovation in the healthcare sector: A fuzzy-TISM-MICMAC approach

ABSTRACT Healthcare (HC) sector has witnessed the growing proliferation of technological innovation to enhance the quality of life, increased life expectancy, diagnostic options, and cost-effectiveness of HC services. Therefore, the present study aims to identify and analyse the critical factors of technological innovations catering to HC service delivery. The study has implemented fuzzy-total interpretive structural modelling (F-TISM) approach to develop hierarchical inter-relationships among the identified factors. Matrice d’impacts croisés multiplication appliquée á un classment (MICMAC) analysis is implemented to classify factors into autonomous, dependent, linkage, and independent groups. The findings of the study placed all the factors of technological innovation in the HC sector at six levels of the developed hierarchical F-TISM model. The factors at the bottom levels are independent variables, which lead to the top-level dependent variables and in the middle of the hierarchical structure are the linkage variables. The most influential factors in the F-TISM model are public-private partnerships, integrated HC information systems, health 4.0 in HC services, organizational culture, and consumer demand. The study distinctly highlighted the importance of HC innovation achieved through the strong foundations laid down by organizational culture and the prolonged need of consumers bridged through integrated HC systems and state-of-the-art technological advancements.

IMPACT OF CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAITS ON PURCHASING INTENTION IN THE LEBANESE AESTHETICS CLINICS: THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF BRAND ATTITUDES

This research explores the impact of consumer psychological traits, including value consciousness, susceptibility to normative influence, and consumer need for uniqueness, on purchasing intention in the Lebanese aesthetics sector. The research also examines the mediating effect of brand attitudes on the relationship between consumer psychological traits and purchasing intention.The research methodology involved a survey of 350 respondents from Lebanese aesthetics clinics. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses.The findings reveal that consumer psychological traits significantly impact purchasing intention, with value consciousness, consumer needs for uniqueness positively, and susceptibility to normative influence positively affecting it. The research also found that brand attitudes partially mediate the relationship between consumer psychological traits and purchasing intention.This research contributes to the literature by shedding light on the importance of consumer psychological traits in the Lebanese aesthetics sector and the role of brand attitudes in mediating their impact on purchasing intention. The findings provide valuable insights for aesthetics clinics in Lebanon and other similar contexts, allowing them to develop effective marketing strategies that consider consumer psychological traits and brand attitudes.

The Quality Requirements for Small-Scale Low-Pressure Biodigester in Indonesia: Developing Indonesian National Standards and Addressing Consumer Needs

The Quality Requirements for Small-Scale Low-Pressure Biodigester in Indonesia: Developing Indonesian National Standards and Addressing Consumer Needs