Introduction: One of the priority tasks of modern medicine is early diagnosis and treatment of micro- and macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Variability of carbohydrate metabolism indicators, metabolic dysfunction are leading factors in the development and progression of complications of type 2 DM with hearing loss due to degenerative changes in nerve fibers. An important aspect of diagnostic and treatment algorithms of SNHL in patients with type 2 DM is early detection of demyelinating processes to prevent neuronal structures damage. The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between the level of peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP 22) and the condition of the auditory analyzer according to the data of examination in patients with type 2 DM combined with hearing impairment. Material and methods: There were examined 30 patients with type 2 DM (15 men and 15 women aged 56,28±4,54 years) associated with degree I–II sensorineural disorders; 15 persons with signs of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) (8 men, 7 women aged 59,33±2,65 years) without diabetes and 15 controls. During the examination the studied patients were divided into groups: the 1st group (n=15) without or with isolated microvascular complications of type 2 DM, the 2nd group (n = 15) with neuro-, nephro- and retinopathy. All patients underwent a set of laboratory tests, clinical and instrumental diagnostics of auditory function. The obtained data subjected to statistical processing and correlations identified. Results: The analysis revealed that in patients both groups with type 2 DM and SNHL the level of PMP22 significantly increased compared to controls and the comparison group and more significantly in those with microangiopathies. Conclusions: A significant increase was revealed in the content of PMP 22 and manifestations of SNHL in patients with type 2 DM associated with microangiopathies that indicate demyelinating processes in the neural structures of the auditory analyzer.