Native Elements Research Articles

Influence of technology and government regulations on the competitiveness of the textile industry: Case study of Indonesia

This paper promotes supply chain performance, sustainability, and Industry 4.0 integration to boost competitiveness. Indonesia's textile industry's competitiveness depends on many factors. Indigenous factors, technology, vertical integration, and global supply networks drive competitiveness. This study uses descriptive data to examine 143 textile workers in Indonesia and provides important context for the sector. It demonstrates that various factors, such as native elements, technical readiness, vertical integration, and global supply chain participation, impact the competitiveness of Indonesia's textile sector. The findings suggest that policymakers and industry leaders should take strategic actions to enhance competitiveness, including encouraging collaboration, technical advancement, and local enterprise, as well as investing in technology, vertical integration, and global networking. Despite its cross-sectional approach and contextual complexity, the study is believed to enhance the competitiveness of the global textile industry. Our guidelines help stakeholders make strategic decisions that utilize regional strengths, adopt cutting-edge technologies, and integrate into global supply networks. Subsequent studies can examine industry differences and how these links change. This research helps Indonesian textile industry stakeholders make competitive decisions.

Geology and geochemistry of the only independent tellurium deposit in the world

The article discusses both the regional and deposit geology including structure, strata, and igneous rocks, as well as the ore body and alteration of Dashuigou tellurium deposit at the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the only independent tellurium deposit in the world. There are over 30 minerals that make up the deposit‘s ore, including carbonates, silicates, oxides, sulfides including various tellurides and native element minerals. Euhedral, semi-euhedral, xenomorphic granular, metasomatic, metasomatic graphic, reaction rim, and solid solution separation are the main ore texture; while massive, vein/veinlet, stockwork, dissemination, breccia, and bird‘s-eye are the major ore structure of the deposit. Based on the ore structure, this deposit‘s ore can be divided into three categories: massive, veinlet-stockwork, and disseminated. The ores are further divided into eight subcategories in total based on the proportions of tellurium minerals, other sulfides, dolomite, quartz, and muscovite in it. Both geology and K-Ar isotope dating have confirmed that the pyritic (pyrrhotite + pyrite) vein and telluride vein are products of two different geological events that are far apart. The tellurium grade in the ores varies between 0.01% and 34.58%. All ores in this deposit are primary sulfide ores that have not been transformed by oxidation or weathering. Two paragenetic stages; namely, the pyritic stage and tellurium stage consisting of five sub-stages in total exist in the deposit. According to Laznicka‘s idea, the deposit‘s tonnage accumulation indices indicate that it is a super-large independent tellurium deposit.

From papyrus to flexible electronic devices: The revolution of cellulose nanofibrils

The isolation of cellulose nanofibrils as a native element from cellulose fibers, the main component of paper, has provided novel and exciting opportunities for the development of electronic devices that are flexible and more environmentally friendly. An important field of work has targeted the use of cellulose nanofibrils as the support to produce flexible electronics owing to the material's advantageous properties, including high mechanical strength (stronger than most plastics), high optical transparency, and good thermal stability. Moreover, in recent years cellulose nanofibrils have been explored as a functional component for the development of flexible electronic devices, including as a replacement for the dielectric layer in transistors, or as the electrolyte for energy storage devices. Considering the stunning properties of cellulose nanofibrils, and the increasing importance of reducing the environmental impact of existing electronic devices cellulose nanofibrils are expected to play a crucial role in the development of next-generation flexible electronics.
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v17i4.1333

The function of the conserved “non-functional” residues in apomyoglobin is to provide and preserve the correct protein topology

In this paper the answer to O. B. Ptitsyn’s question “What is the role of conserved non-functional residues in apomyoglobin” is presented, which is based on the research results of three laboratories. The role of conserved non-functional apomyoglobin residues in formation of native topology in the molten globule state of this protein is revealed. This fact allows suggesting that the conserved non-functional residues in this protein are indispensable for fixation and maintaining main elements of the correct topology of its secondary structure in the intermediate state. The correct topology is a native element in the intermediate state of the protein.

Mineral assemblages from chromitites of the Alapaevsk dunite-harzburgite massif (Middle Urals)

Research subject. Minerals and mineral assemblages of noble elements in chromitites of the Alapaevsk massif. Aim. A systematic mineralogical study of high-chromium (Cr) and alumina-rich (Al) chromitites with the development of a sequence scheme for mineral formation, including platinum-group minerals (PGMs) and gold alloys. Materials and Methods. Samples of high-Cr and Al chromitites from chromite deposits in various parts of the Alapaevsk massif. Scanning electron microscopy (Tescan VEGAII XMU and JSM-6390LV Jeol with EDX INCA Energy 450 X-Max 80 spectrometers) and electron microprobe analysis (Cameca SX 100 with five wave spectrometers) were used. Results. A diagram showing the sequence of mineral formation in chromitites was designed; primary and secondary mineral assemblages were distinguished, with the latter assemblage being divided into early and late mineral associations. Primary assemblages of high-Cr (Cr2O3 > 50 wt %) and Al (Cr2O3 < 50 wt %) ores are represented by similar minerals, including chromespinel, clinopyroxene, and olivine, with characteristically distinct compositions of these minerals in each type of ores. Minerals of the primary assemblage are synchronous with chrome-spinel and are represented by pentlandite, Cu-bearing pentlandite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, bornite, as well as PGMs (laurite RuS2, erlichmanite OsS2, native osmium) and Cu-rich gold. Minerals of the secondary early association occur in the form of polyphase inclusions within chrome-spinel. Polyphase inclusions are composed of Cr-bearing chlorite, amphibole, garnet, sulfides (millerite, heazlewoodite) and minerals of native elements, including (Ni, Cr)-bearing copper, nickel-bearing copper, (Cu, Fe, Cr)-bearing nickel, awaruite. Noble metal minerals from the secondary early association were found only in Al chromitites and are represented by laurite, Pt- and Pd arsenides and stibnides, Ru-bearing pentlandite, and high-grade native gold. The secondary late mineral association consists of native copper and awaruite, which are intergrown with serpentine in high-Cr ore. The temperature conditions for the formation of secondary assemblages were estimated using a chlorite geothermometer. The formation temperatures of the studied chlorites from chromitites fall within the range of 250–284°C. Conclusions. Noble metal minerals from secondary associations were formed at temperatures below 350°C together with garnet, amphibole, chlorite, and nickel sulfides. Grains of primary Os–Ir–Ru alloys during epigenetic processes underwent sulfurization with the formation of a fine-grained porous mixture of native and sulfide (sometimes with As) phases, and replacement by Ru-pentlandite. The presence of awaruite and native Cu and Ni in both primary and secondary assemblages of chromotites indicates the reducing conditions for the formation of noble metal minerals. The limited occurrence of high-Cr ores, along with the manifested processes of sulfurization for primary grains of Os–Ir–Ru alloys, led to the scarcity of detrital PGM in the area of the Alapaevsk massif.

Function of the Conserved Non-Functional Residues in Apomyoglobin - to Determine and to Preserve Correct Topology of the Protein.

In this paper the answer to O. B. Ptitsyn's question "What is the role of conserved non-functional residues in apomyoglobin" is presented, which is based on the research results of three laboratories. The role of conserved non-functional apomyoglobin residues in formation of native topology in the molten globule state of this protein is revealed. This fact allows suggesting that the conserved non-functional residues in this protein are indispensable for fixation and maintaining main elements of the correct topology of its secondary structure in the intermediate state. The correct topology is a native element in the intermediate state of the protein.

The main stages of ore formation of the Svetloe epithermal gold deposit (Khabarovsk Region) based on the study of the mineral composition of metasomatic rocks and ores

The study of the spatiotemporal relationships of metasomatites and ores of various zones of the epithermal Au-Ag deposit Svetloe (Khabarovsk Region) using a traditional mineralogical and petrographic approach made it possible to establish several stages of ore formation confined to two paleovolcanic structures of the central type. The early stage corresponds to the moderately acidic (IS) type of mineralization, the second stage of ore formation corresponds to the acidic sulfate (HS) type.Gold mineralization associated with the early stage of ore formation is represented by two main types: Au-Ag-Te and Au-Ag. The late stage of mineralization is characterized by the predominance of redeposited high-grade gold, as well as the presence of other native elements: tellurium, selenium, sulfur, and bismuth.

Rare mineralization from quartz-plagioclase veins of the Mariinsky deposit (Ural emerald mines)

Relevance – the study and description of rare and new minerals for the Ural emerald mines. To do this, within the framework of the work, we made a study of the compositions and relationships of previously known, but poorly studied sulfdes, with minerals newly discovered for the Mariinsky deposit. Te purpose of the work is to study the features of the structure and material composition and the conditions for fnding rare sulfdes and native elements for this type of deposits. Research methodology. Te main diagnostics and study of the compositions of minerals from the discovered association was carried out using a Zeiss AxioScope.A1 optical microscope and a Tescan Vega 3 sbu scanning electron microscope with Oxford Instruments X-act EMF (South University Federal Scientifc Center MiG, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, analyst M. A. Rassomakhin). Te detection limits for the contents of chemical elements do not exceed 0.2 wt. %. Some of the minerals were studied using a VEGA 4 LMS scanning electron microscope with an Xplore 30 energy-dispersive attachment (FSFEI HE UGGU RTL VSPiR, analyst L. A. Demina). Results. Data are given on the structural features and chemical composition of rare minerals for the Mariinsky deposit: galena, zinc greenockite, bismuthine, matildite. Conclusions. A mineralogical study was carried out and the chemical composition of sulfde mineralization rare for the Ural emerald mines was studied. Previously, zinc greenockite and matildite were not described, so this is the frst fnd of these minerals at the Mariinsky deposit.

DEVELOPMENT OF TERMINOLOGICAL COMPETENCE OF STUDENTS MAJORING IN APPLIED LINGUISTICS

The paper outlines the paradigm for developing terminological competence of students majoring in Applied Linguistics. In the course of research, the following tasks have been performed in order to achieve the purpose: the most important components of terminological competence of students majoring in Applied Linguistics are identified; the problematic issues related to the formation of each of the essential components of terminological competence are highlighted; the methodology for developing terminological competence in language classes is analyzed. Therefore, the development of terminological competence of higher education students is revealed to be a complex work covering a wide range of educational activities, which comprise general education and professionally-oriented subjects, as well as optional ones. The most important components of the students’ terminological competence are as follows: studying the basic theoretical foundations of the theory of terminology and historical stages of formation of terminological systems; mastering the most important principles of term formation and standardization of terminology; developing sustainable skills and abilities in normative application of terminology in professional communication. The paper outlines a number of problematic issues related to the formation of each of these components of terminological competence, such as the ratio of borrowed and native elements in the terminological system, excessive involvement of anglicisms in Ukrainian terminologyical systems, functioning of terminological units formed in violation of terminological consistency in modern professional speaking, and also the presence of outdated forms, orthographic errors or spelling mistakes in modern electronic lexicographical papers which disoriente native speakers, etc. Methodological recommendations for the development of students’ terminological competence in language classes are formulated in accordance with each of the proposed components, e.g., panel discussions, conference classes, presentation of students’ own collections with examples in accordance with the topic assigned, preparation and presentation of creative works with the use of certain linguistic tools, research papers, game methods, etc. Key words: term, terminology, Applied Linguistics, terminological competence, terminology, termination, determination.

Peridynamic modeling of void nucleation and growth in metal lines due to electromigration in a finite element framework

This study presents a peridynamic model to predict void formation and growth in metal lines due to electromigration. The nonlocal form of the nonlinear governing equations and boundary conditions for electromigration are derived by using the peridynamic differential operator (PDDO). The equation of motion includes the effect of diffusion strain due to electromigration. Coupled governing equations of atomic concentration and deformation are solved in the Ansys framework with native elements through implicit algorithms. The numerical results show that the current approach can accurately predict the distribution of the deformation, atomic concentration, and hydrostatic stress. Also, the void growth predictions agree well with the experimental predictions.

Construction of the genetic switches in response to mannitol based on artificial MtlR box

Synthetic biology has rapidly advanced from the setup of native genetic devices to the design of artificial elements able to provide organisms with highly controllable functions. In particular, genetic switches are crucial for deploying new layers of regulation into the engineered organisms. While the assembly and mutagenesis of native elements have been extensively studied, limited progress has been made in rational design of genetic switches due to a lack of understanding of the molecular mechanism by which a specific transcription factor interacts with its target gene. Here, a reliable workflow is presented for designing two categories of genetic elements, one is the switch element-MtlR box and the other is the transcriptional regulatory element- catabolite control protein A (CcpA) box. The MtlR box was designed for ON/OFF-state selection and is controlled by mannitol. The rational design of MtlR box-based molecular structures can flexibly tuned the selection of both ON and OFF states with different output switchability in response to varied kind effectors. Different types of CcpA boxes made the switches with more markedly inducer sensitivities. Ultimately, the OFF-state value was reduced by 90.69%, and the maximum change range in the presence of two boxes was 15.31-fold. This study presents a specific design of the switch, in a plug-and-play manner, which has great potential for controlling the flow of the metabolic pathway in synthetic biology.Graphical

Արևմուտքը՝ մեր ազգային ողբերգության համատեքստում / West in The Context of our National Tragedy

The Armenian people are deeply rooted in the Armenian Highlands and the East. They are characterized by their traditionalism, love for nature, and emotional disposition. Their culture is one of the heart, marked by empathy for others, sharing their joys, and feeling their sorrows. The man of the East does not claim to be recognized by the world or by others. That is why the genius Tumanyan, whose native element was the East, noted that we know neither ourselves, nor our neighbors... The West perceives the world exclusively with the reason. The main thing here is not the person, but the technique. Everything here is calculated based on profit. Here people do not live with other's problems. Western civilization follows a different spiritual path that relies on reason, professes different moral, ethical and cultural values that derives from rational egoism. Each of these is valuable in its own way. However, the concept of "barbarian East and civilized West", created by Herodotus and Aristotle, was further elaborated by Sh. Montesquieu's "On the Spirit of Laws" and the works of A. de Tocqueville, eventually shaping public perception. Following the invasions of Alexander and, especially, the adoption of Christianity as a national identity, our focus shifted westward, towards Europe. We, who once fought together with the East against the West, became carriers and promoters of Western values in the East. The East began to percieve us as outsiders. The West never considered us allies and did not advocate for us despite our role in spreading the Western culture and values in the East. Through numerous examples, the author attempts to justify that our loss of statehood, all our big and small tragedies stemmed from our wrong and unjustified orientation towards the West. We often overlooked the fact that the West has its own geopolitical interests, with no inclination to support the existence of a sovereign Armenia, let alone a powerful state. Unfortunately, with the same persistence, we repeat the same mistake today seeking support from the West instead of our natural allies.

On Ore from the Dashuigou Tellurium Deposit, Tibet Plateau, Southwest China

The Dashuigou independent tellurium deposit is the first and only tellurium deposit discovered in the world so far. Studies have shown that tellurium will be the best replacement for the next generation of green batteries. Therefore, a comprehensive study of this unique deposit has both theoretical and practical significance. This paper studies both the physical and chemical properties of the ore in the Dashuigou independent tellurium deposit, and provides a theoretical basis for mining and ore processing. The ore of the Dashuigou tellurium mine is composed of more than 30 kinds of minerals including carbonates, silicates, sulfides, oxides, tellurides, and native element minerals. The ore contains Te between 0.01% and 34.58%. The ore also contains beneficial elements such as Bi, Au, and Ag that can be comprehensively utilized. The main types of ore are massive, veined, and disseminated.

Aerial insectivorous bats in the Brazilian-Uruguayan savanna: Modelling the occupancy through acoustic detection

The Pampa is the least protected and one of the least sampled for bats among the Brazilian domains. This leads to significant Linnean and Wallacean shortfalls for bats in the Brazilian-Uruguayan savanna ecoregion. Here, we aimed to model the occupancy of aerial insectivorous bats in response to landscape structure at different scales, considering the influence of microclimate on bat detection. We acoustically monitored 68 locations during the spring and summer of 2019/2020, gathering data on temperature and humidity associated with each acoustic record using data loggers. We detected at least 11 species of the Molossidae and the Vespertilionidae families, of which 9 were used in the model. The response to landscape structure was species-specific: the occupancy probability of Eptesicus brasiliensis and Molossus cf. currentium increased with landscape connectivity at the 500 m scale while Eptesicus furinalis and Histiotus cf. velatus were negatively affected by landscape connectivity at the 5.0 km scale. Molossus occupancy probability responded negatively to landscape heterogeneity at the 3.0 km scale, while Promops centralis responded positively to landscape heterogeneity at the 5.0 km scale. Molossus rufus responded negatively to native vegetation cover and positively to landscape heterogeneity at the 5.0 km scale. Myotis albescens and Molossops temminckii did not respond significantly to any of the evaluated landscape metrics. Our results show that different bat species perceive the landscape differently, regardless of the guild of use of space – edge- or open-space forager. Our estimate of projected occupancy for the areas contiguous to those sampled ranged from 0.45 to 0.70 for the whole of the bat taxa, suggesting that the landscape, particularly where it still maintains its native elements, is reasonably favourable to aerial insectivores.

Local Crystalline Structure of Doped Semiconductor Oxides Characterized by Perturbed Angular Correlations: Experimental and Theoretical Insights

Doping semiconductor oxides with trace amounts of non-native elements can improve their properties such as bandgap and conductivity. The lack of local techniques makes the precise characterization of these materials difficult. Among the few techniques capable of providing local characterization, those based on hyperfine interactions at probe nuclei have the advantage of being well established, probing the material homogeneously and completely, thus investigating different regions of material. Some of these techniques are also quite sensitive even at extremely low dopant concentrations. The perturbed angular correlation technique, combined with first-principles calculations, has recently been shown to be a powerful method for characterizing doped semiconductor oxides. In this paper, we present a brief review of the unique information extracted from the semiconductor investigation with such a complex approach, including semiconductor oxides doped with cadmium and other elements. A strong relationship between the local environment, including electronic structure, and the nature of the dopant and the native element of the doped oxides is also shown.

Bond- and state-based peridynamic analysis in a commercial finite element framework with native elements

This study presents a framework to perform bond-based (BB), ordinary state-based (OSB) and non-ordinary state-based (NOSB) peridynamic (PD) analysis in ANSYS, a commercial software, with native MATRIX27 elements. The PD equilibrium equations as well as the PD form of the traction components are constructed by using these elements and solved within the ANSYS framework through implicit methods. The domain is divided into three regions in order to satisfy the equilibrium equations and to directly impose the displacement and traction boundary conditions without a fictitious layer. The results are free of displacement kinks; thus, removing the unphysical stress concentrations. Also, the displacement predictions maintain the smoothness throughout the domain. Its accuracy is demonstrated by considering isotropic elastic plates subjected to various types of boundary conditions under quasi-static loading conditions. For all combinations of boundary conditions, the displacement predictions agree well with FE results. Failure is introduced gradually through the KILL option in ANSYS.

SpaRSE-BIM: Classification of IFC-based geometry via sparse convolutional neural networks

Information exchange between Building Information Modeling (BIM) tools is challenging, since many applications use their own native data formats. The Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) schema, an open data exchange format for BIM, does not capture the full semantic meaning needed for direct use by different BIM tools and can be prone to information loss due to reduction, simplification, translation and interpretation of the data. Current practice often treats the imported model as a reference and requires a user to remodel the building using the respective application’s native elements. Many BIM object properties are defined by its classification. Inconsistencies in the mapping between native BIM elements and IFC, e.g. due to unsupported export functionality or manual error, can lead to problems when using the model in a downstream application. Recent works demonstrate that neural networks offer a promising possibility to alleviate this issue via classification of the objects contained in a BIM model and suggesting those corrections to the user. However, the computational overhead of these deep learning models, either due to necessary pre-processing of the data or runtime performance of the model, makes it difficult for them to be used in plug-ins or middleware for BIM tools. This work proposes SpaRSE-BIM, a neural network model based on sparse convolutions for the classification of IFC-based geometry and semantic enrichment of BIM models. Experiments are performed on two IFC entity classification benchmark datasets. The results demonstrate that SpaRSE-BIM is significantly more efficient at inference time compared to previous approaches, while maintaining state-of-the-art accuracy. Further experiments explore the applicability of IFC entity classification datasets to the domain of Scan-to-BIM. It can be shown that the feature space of SpaRSE-BIM learns to discern objects in a semantically meaningful way, even in cases where fine-grained subtype information for IFC objects is not available during training.

A Collection of Designed Peptides to Target SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD-ACE2 Interaction.

The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor used by SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses to attach to cells via the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of their viral spike protein. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, several structures of protein complexes involving ACE2 and RBD as well as monoclonal antibodies and nanobodies have become available. We have leveraged the structural data to design peptides to target the interaction between the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 and SARS-CoV and ACE2, as contrasting exemplar, as well as the dimerization surface of ACE2 monomers. The peptides were modelled using our original method: PiPreD that uses native elements of the interaction between the targeted protein and cognate partner(s) that are subsequently included in the designed peptides. These peptides recapitulate stretches of residues present in the native interface plus novel and highly diverse conformations surrogating key interactions at the interface. To facilitate the access to this information we have created a freely available and dedicated web-based repository, PepI-Covid19 database, providing convenient access to this wealth of information to the scientific community with the view of maximizing its potential impact in the development of novel therapeutic and diagnostic agents.

Petrochemical Features of Manganese Nodules in Madaka (Sheet 142) SE and Part of Kwana - Bala (Sheet 142) NE, Nigeria

Manganese nodule occurs in Madaka (Sheet 142) SE and part of Kwana - Bala (Sheet 142) NE, Nigeria. Four (4) samples of manganese nodules were analyzed petrochemical using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), reflected light microscopy, Electron probe micro analysis (EPMA), Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). XRD reveals sphalerite, manganates and ilmenite as major minerals in the nodules. Accessory minerals are siderite and rutile. Chemical study of the manganese nodules from Madaka and Kwana - Bala reveals that Mn-, Fe-, Co-, Ni-, and Cu-, minerals (including native elements and sulfides) commonly occur in the samples. Also, the results indicate that increased in Mn relative to the manganite content (10AO- plus 7AO), led to increase in Ni and Cu recovery. However, slightly greater amounts by weight of Ni and Cu were dissolved from the manganites than from Mn. This followed from the much higher Ni and Cu contents of manganites relative to Mn. The exploration for Ni and Cu from nodules on assay criterion was inadequate; the sphalerite Mn02 phase structure would also be a necessary criterion. It was suggested that nodules could be processed upon beneficiation for Ni and Cu contents for a future time relative to the original processing. It was thus proposed that Ni and Cu could be produced from manganese nodules in the study area.

Culture-Specific Information Encoded in Lacunae: The Author’s and Translators’ Strategies of Representation

The present study examines the representation of Ukrainian culture-specific information in Marina Lewycka’s novel A Short History of Tractors in Ukrainian. Such information is encoded in lacunae and the author’s or translator’s task is to decode it using relevant translation strategies. The latter ones have been identified: 1) the strategy of domestication (equivalent or near equivalent translation); 2) the combination of domestication and foreignization (transliteration together with a near equivalent and descriptive translation, calque translation accompanied by descriptive translation); and 3) the strategy of foreignization (borrowing, transliteration alone or combined with calque translation). Graphic means such as inverted commas and italics are used to mark information as culture-specific for the reader. Ukrainian and Russian translations of the novel demonstrate that lacunae are rendered mostly with the help of the corresponding Ukrainian and Russian lexemes. It has been revealed that archaic forms can be substituted by modern ones, and both native and borrowed elements are employed. This paper also demonstrates that the procedures and means used in rendering Ukrainian culture-specific information in the source English and target Ukrainian and Russian texts aim at finding balance between the strategies of domestication and foreignization used in the presentation of culture-specific information.