National Tourism Research Articles

Indigenous voices: Using cultural knowledge for tourism

This research reports on Indigenous cultural knowledge holders' opportunities and challenges in using their cultural knowledge to develop authentic tourism experiences. The research investigated issues related to sourcing, storing, managing, and authorising local cultural knowledge to create authentic tourism experiences. The key finding is that while Aboriginal parties are interested in using cultural knowledge to develop tourism products, pathways need to be designed to facilitate the related development. The research utilised the Indigenous research yarning method and found this approach to be particularly useful with potential for broader use in qualitative research. The findings can be applied more broadly across the Australian national tourism landscape. The findings advance knowledge management theory through the lens of Indigenous tourism.

Higher Education Management Polity

To find out the main elements of the newly adopted management model and the level of application of indigenous and western models and principles, and also to investigate the generalization of education aspects and values in contexts other than their initial ones, we carried out such a study in three federal universities of the United Arab Emirates. Besides the vital nature of the questions to the United Arab Emirates, these interrogate the most troubling yet classic issues afflicting the Gulf and developing states alike. The outcomes show that hegemonic western approaches to higher education management subverts the unique cultural and religious traditions of the UAE that correlates with the local and national tourism environments. These comparative components were spread and controlled by the international higher education exchange culture that was not mandatory but rather, shared. A global higher education system plays an important role in preserving and spreading a standard culture to all states in the world. Received: 15 February 2024 / Accepted: 30 April 2024 / Published: 5 May 2024

Vietnam tourism at the crossroads of socialism and market economy

ObjetivoVietnam ha pasado de ser un país devastado por la guerra a convertirse en un popular destino turístico. Aunque la investigación sobre el turismo en Vietnam ha crecido en número, ha faltado en gran medida un macroanálisis de la gobernanza y las políticas turísticas nacionales. Nuestra investigación ha enriquecido la literatura tanto de la economía política como del turismo tendiendo un puente entre ambas disciplinas al presentar las pautas de la gobernanza del turismo en la economía de transición de Vietnam.Diseño/metodología/enfoqueEste documento de síntesis ofrece un análisis sistemático del turismo de Vietnam que abarca la intensificación de la intervención gubernamental y los drásticos cambios del mercado en las últimas décadas. Los autores ofrecen un análisis cronológico del desarrollo del turismo junto con los principales giros políticos y económicos del país. Además, el análisis del contenido de los documentos políticos y el análisis del mercado turístico ilustran mejor las repercusiones de los sistemas político-económicos en la gobernanza y las políticas turísticas.ResultadosLas políticas turísticas y el análisis del mercado revelan un compromiso entre la centralización y la descentralización del sistema de gobernanza y un compromiso entre los objetivos económicos y sociales del desarrollo. Al equilibrar estos opuestos, la fuerza interna del mercado nacional y la resistencia de las comunidades y las empresas se convierten en activos clave para el crecimiento en unas circunstancias en las que la economía de mercado socialista sigue informando el desarrollo actual y futuro de la industria. Concluimos que la adaptación del turismo vietnamita a una economía socialista orientada al mercado se percibe mejor como un logro de la evolución social que como una característica del capitalismo.Limitaciones/implicaciones de la investigaciónDentro del limitado abanico de cuestiones que podrían abordarse en un solo artículo, los autores no pueden establecer un estudio comparativo con China, en lo que respecta a la economía de transición. Nuestro estudio ofrece un punto de partida para futuras investigaciones empíricas y comparativas sobre la conexión entre turismo y economía política en Asia.Implicaciones prácticasLas conclusiones del estudio sirven de referencia útil para quienes se embarcan en el estudio de la gobernanza y la formulación de políticas turísticas en los países en desarrollo.Implicaciones socialesLos resultados de la investigación son valiosos para los investigadores del sudeste asiático en particular y para los analistas de la política turística del mundo en desarrollo en general.Originalidad/valorLa presente investigación contribuye a un área poco investigada de la economía política, a saber, la doctrina marxista y su diálogo con el turismo. La transferencia de conocimientos es un aspecto destacado de esta investigación, que se ha derivado de un análisis crítico de la gobernanza del turismo en la agenda económica política nacional.

REVIEW OF REGIONAL TOURISM ARRANGEMENTS IN ORDER TO PRESERVE THE LOCAL WISDOM OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN INDONESIA

Objective: This study aims to determine and analyze regional tourism arrangements in order to preserve the local wisdom of indigenous peoples in Indonesia. Theoretical Framework: This study discusses regional tourism juxtaposed with the preservation of local wisdom by basing on several theoretical and conceptual frameworks such as regulatory review, regional tourism, local wisdom, and indigenous peoples. Some of these reviews are used to focus research to use the same concept so that there is no expansion of meaning. Methodology: This study uses a type of normative legal research with a statutory approach method (statute approach). Data collection in this study was carried out by means of literature studies, and the data analysis techniques used were critical analysis techniques. Findings: Regulations on tourism in several regions, such as in Bali, Bitung and Bunaken, Toba, Labuan Bajo, Raja Ampat, Tengger, and Baduy in their implementation still do not fully pay attention to and involve the values of local wisdom of local indigenous peoples. Research, Practical & Social Implications: This study analyzes regulations on regional tourism which are then analyzed using the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) method to identify and assess a regulation or legislation by taking into account the impact analysis (both positively and negatively) and benefits or costs. Originality / value: The value of this research is very important to build national legal products and regional legal products for national tourism development that provide protection to the environment and preservation of national culture, especially cultural traditions and wisdom of customary law communities in tourism destination areas, in addition to encouraging economic growth in an equitable manner for local communities.

Исследование культурного и туристического потенциала провинции Цзянсу для россиян

Annually, a large number of Russian tourists come to China to get acquainted with its traditional culture. Jiangsu Province has significant tourism potential in this regard, but it is mainly visited by representatives of Japan, South Korea, the United States, Germany and other countries. There is a problem of increasing the attractiveness of the cultural heritage of Jiangsu Province for Russian tourists. In this article, the authors describe the current situation with the development of inbound tourism from Russia in Jiangsu Province and put forward proposals for its development, among them: branding of the region, development of popular national tourism destinations within a particular province, taking into account the needs and mentality of Russian travelers, the formation of integrated routes. It is emphasized that the predominant orientation of visitors from Russia to major cities requires intensification of work to inform potential travelers about the tourist resources of the Chinese regions using mass media and Internet platforms. Conclusion dwells upon the fact that the potential of Jiangsu Province in terms of tourism industry development is a promising topic for study.

THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON TOURISM MARKETING STRATEGIES AND THE ROLE OF DIGITALIZATION

Natia Surmanidze E-mail: n.surmanidze@ug.edu.ge PhD in Economics, The University of Georgia Tbilisi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2116-6571 Sopiko Tevdoradze E-mail: Sofo.tevdoradze@giu.edu.ge PhD in Business Administration Georgian International University (GIU) Tbilisi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1668-051X0000-0002-1668-051X Zurab Mushkudiani E-mail: Zurab.mushkudiani@giu.edu.ge PhD in Business Administration Georgian International University (GIU) Tbilisi, Georgia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0987-3564 Abstract: This research explores how the global COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented obstacles for the tourist business, which have led to rapid changes in its landscape. Specifically, it looks at how tourism organizations have adopted technology and changed their marketing methods. The study examines the complex links between technology adoption, organizational dynamics, and external environmental factors using the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) paradigm as a conceptual lens. The research posits and empirically tests four hypotheses: (1) the pandemic significantly influences a shift from classical to digital marketing strategies, (2) organizational dynamics play a crucial role in the successful integration of digitization efforts, (3) external environmental factors, particularly the pandemic, shape the urgency and nature of digitization strategies, and (4) effective analysis of various indicators, feedback mechanisms, and sales metrics significantly contributes to the success of digital marketing strategies. In order to obtain valuable insights, the study uses statistical techniques such as logistic regression, multiple regression analysis, correlation evaluation, Chi-Square tests, and logistic regression that were carefully designed and distributed to eighteen tourism companies affiliated with Georgia's national tourism agency. Results highlight the paradigm shift towards digital marketing brought about by the pandemic, the critical role played by organizational dynamics, the impact of external environmental factors, and the critical importance of data-driven analysis in augmenting the effectiveness of digital marketing in the tourism industry. In order to help stakeholders in the tourism industry navigate the possibilities and difficulties provided by the post-pandemic digitally altered landscape, this research adds a nuanced understanding of the complex dynamics surrounding technology adoption, digital strategies, and organizational responses. Keywords: Tourism digitization; COVID-19 impact; Digital marketing strategies; Organizational dynamics; Technology-Organization-Environment framework. JEL classification: L83, Q55, O33

The night sky as a heritage of humanity and Astrotourism as a tourist potential in the rural regions of Rosana/SP

The present study aimed to present a review of the literature regarding the interconnection between the quality of the night sky and the growing interest in astrotourism. As a basis for data collection, studies of secondary documentary nature were used. It is observed that the subject grows in interest on the part of scholars considering the possibilities of application of the astrotourism activity, due to the distinctive elements of offer in the field of tourism, in addition to appearing as a playful element in the perception of tourists. The study is relevant considering the still small amount of studies in Brazil on the subject and the possibility of incorporating this type of service in the national tourist trade, in addition to being able to appear as a distinctive element of the offer in rural areas, like others countries.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECOLOGICAL AND ETHNOGRAPHIC TOURISM IN KAZAKHSTAN AS ONE OF THE DIRECTIONS OF CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL TOURISM

The value of modern society lies in the careful preservation and rational use of objects of material and spiritual culture of humanity in order to popularize tolerant thinking and promote traditional values among the international community. The basis for the development of modern tourism in the Republic of Kazakhstan should be the concept of promoting a national tourism brand based on its historical past, cultural development, natural diversity, objects of material and spiritual culture with an appropriate approach to the species diversity of tourist offers. This requires the implementation of an integrated approach, in which several types of tourism will be consolidated in order to effectively achieve the objectives set. The purpose of the article is to propose the introduction of ways to develop ecological and ethnographic tourism as effective tools for preserving the natural, historical, and cultural heritage of the country, which form a new direction of tourism, in particular “Ecological and ethnographic tourism".

Optimization of Strategic Areas in Regional Economic Recovery: Tourism Perspectives

This research contributes in the form of ideas and modeling of tourism potential development in the region. This research uses Soft System Methodology. This method used 4 stages: The first stage, the problem situation is considered problematic. In the second stage, the problem situation is expressed. The third stage is the root definition of the relevant purposeful activity system. The fourth stage is the conceptual models of the system named in the root definition. Based on the research, it was found that Pangandaran Regency, which is a new autonomous region, has tourism potential that can be developed, especially marine tourism that can support the regional economy. On the other hand, tourism potential is influenced by the geographical condition of Pangandaran Regency which is included in the National Tourism Strategic Area so it is hoped that this program can have a significant impact on regional economic recovery efforts. Based on the Regional Government Plan of Pangandaran 2022, it already has various strategies for tourism development, but it has not been able to run optimally due to the absence of a tourism development model as an economic recovery program.

Impact of Natural Disaster on the Tourism Possibilities Case Study of Himachal Pradesh

In both India and globally, all three sectors play pivotal roles in GDP production. The service sector, among them, has exhibited notable growth in recent years. An integral segment within the service and industrial domains is the tourism industry, which has flourished over an extended period, presenting ample opportunities for related sectors. India's economic advancement has significantly benefited from its thriving tourism industry, which attracts a substantial influx of domestic and international travelers for both business and leisure purposes. Beyond contributing to the revenue of towns and nations, tourism fosters local employment opportunities and showcases India's rich heritage sites, festivals, and natural landscapes, all of which are highly esteemed by visitors. For numerous years, natural and human-induced disasters have adversely impacted the nation's tourism sector. People bear the brunt of these calamities, experiencing severe disruptions in their social and economic lives. The states of Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh, known for their vibrant tourism industry, fall within India's disaster-prone zones. A robust economy is vital for the tourism sector, which is relatively susceptible to fluctuations, to flourish. The response of the tourism industry to such disasters underscores its vulnerability to abrupt changes in the local economy. This thesis underscores prior research indicating that both natural and human-induced disasters can detrimentally affect employment within the tourism sector. Focusing predominantly on economic ramifications, the paper delves into disasters occurring over the past two decades, with particular emphasis on the significant impact of the 2023 floods in Himachal Pradesh, which reverberated across northern India. Seniors' exposure, sensitivity, and capacities when combined with potentially dangerous situations might severely impair their ability to function normally. It affects people in a socioeconomic, psychological, and physical way. The Depending on their age group, the disaster's impact could be different in degree.

Особенности использования кластерного подхода при организации государственно-частного партнерства в сфере туризма

The study of the features of using the cluster approach in organizing public-private partnerships in the field of tourism is highly relevant in the context of the continued sanctions regime against Russia by the United States and the European Union. This is due, on the one hand, to the multiple growth of domestic tourism in many regions of Russia, and on the other, to high geopolitical risks and limited financial resources of Russian business. The article describes the dynamics of the development of public-private partnerships and its organizational features in the Russian Federation. In particular, the absolute priority of the share of concession agreements in the overall structure of public-private partnership projects in 2022 is shown; the structural differences between the initiatives of public-private partnership projects in Europe and the Russian Federation in 2020-2022 are identified, as well as the national characteristics of public-private partnerships in relation to the tourism complex, the organization of which is still a poorly developed method of improving national tourism. A significant difference between a domestic organization and a foreign one is that in Russia tourism is considered as a separate sector, while in Europe public-private partnership projects indirectly influence the improvement of tourism in the regions through the development of transport and social infrastructures. Whereas in Russia, in addition to projects of indirect importance, much attention is paid to potentially useful objects for increasing direct endogenous tourism indicators, such as the number of tourist arrivals, the number of foreign arrivals, increasing the share of tourism in GDP, passenger traffic, etc. It is concluded that a characteristic feature of the development of the tourism complex in the public-private partnership (PPP) format can be considered the use of the cluster approach as the main one. This allowed the authors to reveal a set of advantages of PPP in tourism; formulate the characteristics of a tourism cluster formed through the association of representatives of government agencies and private business; propose a scheme for the effectiveness of PPP design in tourism using a cluster approach.

Geographical indications and traditional products as the basis of enogastronomic tourism: significance for the development of rural communities (on the example of Italy)


 
 
 This article is dedicated to exploring geographical indications and traditional products as the foundation for the development of gastronomic tourism and their collective impact on the development of rural communities. Italy has been chosen as the research subject – one of the world’s most popular tourist destinations, a country with the highest number of registered geographical indications, and a well-established tradition of rural tourism. Analyzing Italy’s experience regarding the contribution of traditional products and geographical indications to the development of national tourism and the economy of rural communities and the state as a whole allows for assessing Ukraine’s development vectors in this field. Based on the analysis of bibliographic databases, the significant relevance of such research is evident. Despite some publicity, there are relatively few publications on this topic in Ukrainian scientific journals. In contrast, English-language publications cover geographical indications, gastronomic, and wine tourism much more extensively both thematically and territorially. The research relies on periodicals of relevant international organizations, public associations, etc. Analysis of the World Intellectual Property Organization’s annual reports revealed that over 90% of the world’s geographical indications in recent years fall into the categories of «wines and spirits» and «agricultural products and food». Regarding Italy, statistical data from the World Tourism Organization confirmed its stable position in global tourism (fifth place in tourist arrivals and receipts for the last decade or more) and a surplus growth in the tourism balance (19 billion USD in 2019), leading the UN WTO to characterize it as a «country of powerful growth». Recent publications from the World Tourism Organization noted significant recovery rates of international tourism in Italy in the post-pandemic period. According to Coldiretti, the national confederation of agricultural, fishing, agri-food, and environmental sectors in Italy, the projected contribution to the country’s economy in 2023 exceeds 30 billion euros from national and foreign tourists who increasingly choose to vacation in rural areas. This trend is attributed to Italy’s leadership in gastronomic and wine tourism, with over 5,000 traditional product names and 838 products and wines protected by geographical indications (as of 2023, according to the Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Forestry of Italy), as well as the immense potential of agro- tourism. The article also highlights the significant role played by the representation of Italy’s unique agro-landscapes as cultural land- scapes of UNESCO World Heritage, FAO World Agricultural Heritage (GIAHS project), etc., in the development of rural communities. The analysis and overview of the current implementation of the system of geographical indications and guaranteed traditional features in Ukraine allowed for identifying certain strategic directions for applying Italian experience in Ukrainian territories.
 
 

Developing a thriving domestic tourism sector in emerging economies: a horizon 2050 paper

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to argue for the development of a vibrant domestic tourism sector in emerging economies as a means of moving towards a more sustainable tourism sector and achieving many of the goals outlined in the UNWTO’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Design/methodology/approach It uses a perspective approach through a critical state-of-the-art review of selected domestic and international tourism studies. Findings This paper illustrates how developing such a sector will provide a range of economic and social benefits to emerging economies and their residents, as well as lowering the per-capita tourism carbon footprint of destination areas. Practical implications This study identifies policy initiatives that can be developed to help emerging economies transition from an international tourism focus to a more balanced focus. Social implications This study indicates the social benefits of developing a domestic tourism sector in emerging economies. Originality/value It equips national tourism organisations and small and medium tourism enterprises with specific actions for the use of tourism as a prosperity tool in the pursuance of these benefits. It, further, calls for a research agenda on investigating how emerging economies are uniquely progressing towards this global goal through thriving domestic tourism recognising that each economy is culturally different.

Biodiversity, leadership, and resilience in a national sustainable tourism program

ABSTRACT This study addresses the complex relationship between biodiversity, leadership, and resilience in the tourism industry. We apply case study methodology to examine the potential of Visit Finland’s Sustainable Travel Finland program to increase the resilience of the Finnish tourism sector concerning sustainability challenges. The qualitative research data consists of interviews and secondary data analysed with content analyses. According to the results, the program offers support and proactive leadership to the Finnish tourism industry in meeting the rising sustainability demands on biodiversity protection. However, the first biodiversity steps have been small-scale and instrumental, corresponding to a narrow perception of nature’s value. Therefore, the program does not yet fully meet the scale and scope of current biodiversity challenges. Although it is a good start, biodiversity-respectful leadership and resilience building require a strategic approach that also recognizes intrinsic, relational, and ecosystemic biodiversity values accruing broadly to tourists, nature, and humankind.

Temporal and Spatial Evolution and Factors Influencing Tourist Resorts in China

Tourist resorts play a crucial role in providing people with diverse and high-quality leisure and vacation options. The development of tourist resorts is integral to the high-quality growth of the national tourism industry. This study utilizes a combination of the nearest neighbour index, kernel density analysis, and geographic concentration index to examine the spatial and temporal distribution of 758 national and provincial tourist resorts in China. The analysis reveals several key findings: (1) the years 1992 and 2015 were pivotal for the development of China’s tourist resorts, with significant government attention and steady growth in the number of national tourism resorts from 2015 to 2023. (2) The distribution of China’s tourist resorts shows an overall uneven distribution at a national level but a more balanced distribution locally. The southeast region exhibits a high and even distribution density, while the northwest region has a lower density and quantity of resorts. (3) Some specific areas have emerged such as the junction of Anhui, Hubei, and Jiangxi provinces as the first core gathering areas and the junction of Shanxi, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang provinces as the secondary core areas. These core areas have gradually weakened and spread to other regions, leading to changes in the distribution patterns of tourist resorts. (4) The distribution of China’s tourist resorts is influenced by various factors, including economic development, resource endowment, source market, and government support. Government support is a key factor in accelerating the development of tourism resorts. These findings shed light on the complex dynamics shaping the distribution of tourist resorts in China.

National tourism organizations and climate change

There is a consensus that the global tourism system needs to undergo decarbonization and achieve net-zero emissions by mid-century. However, given the anticipated growth in the most energy-intensive subsector of tourism, air transport, achieving this goal seems unlikely. This paper focuses on the role of distance in the global geography of tourism, against evidence that National Marketing Organizations (NTOs) often seek to attract visitors from all over the world. The analysis of data for a sample of 12 NTOs in Europe, the USA and Canada reveals that the number of markets targeted varies between six and 33, with significant differences in the average distance to markets (<4,000 to 8,000 km), as well as emissions per arrival by market (0.2 t CO2 to 2.5 t CO2). For the countries studied, the 17% of the most distant arrivals cause 62% of the emissions. Results also show that more distant markets are more sensitive to disruptions such as COVID-19. These findings have relevance for destination marketing that point to new climate change related roles for NTOs such as rebranding, demarketing, market segmentation, and communication.

POTENSI PARIWISATA NASIONAL DAN TANTANGAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA PARIWISATA SEKTOR PUBLIK

Tourism is an important sector for economic growth in Indonesia. With the large potential for Indonesia's tourism diversity, the government continues to optimize the development agenda, one of which is increasing the capacity of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) to support national tourism development. This study aims to analyze the gap between the existing conditions of ASN capacity in the tourism sector and the ideal conditions to support national tourism development. This research uses qualitative methods by collecting data through FGD and a literature study. The results of the analysis show that the capacity of ASN in the tourism sector is not yet ideal. One of the focuses that the government needs to make to overcome the gap in tourism human resources in the public sector is to increase the capacity of ASN in the functional positions of Adyatama Tourism and Creative Economy. Apart from that, the appropriate and sustainable development of ASN tourism competencies can effectively support the development of Indonesian tourism

"PAHTS OF MEMORY": REALITIES AND PROSPECTS OF THE DOMESTIC TOURISM OF UKRAINE IN THE VIEW OF THE MEDIA

The article is devoted to the memorialization of the places that became some evidence of the Russian military crimes during their full-scale invasion of Ukraine. This publication is about the cities, villages, and streets where the blood of the Ukrainian military and civilians was suffered at the hands of the occupiers. It was proposed that some of these places (locations, complexes and trails) may create «Paths of memory». All of them should be included in the national tourist routes and in the programs of the country’s tourist operators. Thus, Ukrainians would be able to pay tribute to the memory of their fallen compatriots and to demonstrate the steadfastness of one nation and to testify the fact of the criminal actions of another nation to foreign visitors. This is necessary that history doesn’t happen again. There is an analysis of journalistic materials which were talking about the initiative of the paths of memory creation, places of widespread destruction of the buildings, infrastructure and about more important question – the killing of the population of Ukraine. The current situation of the objects, an

Analysis of the Harmonious Development of the National Tourism Strategic Area and Tourism Master Plan

This article examines the harmony or suitability between the National Tourism Strategic Area Document (KSPN) and the Tourism Master Plan (RIP). The successful development of the tourism industry in development is required to have a common perception between the central government and local governments. The author pays special attention to these two documents for comparison and validation. This study aims to determine harmony, suitability, and similarity to obtain results to be concluded as recommendations. Literature study research with a qualitative approach uses a two-phase research design with preliminary studies and case studies. The results of this study indicate that the harmony and suitability of KSPN and RIP are harmonious and appropriate, but several indicators must be explained so that a common perception can be formed. Furthermore, the research results can be used by the central and regional governments in developing tourism areas with the spirit of sustainable tourism development.&#x0D; Keywords: harmony, tourism, KSPN, RIP

Phenomenological Approach from The Village Head’s Holistic Leadership in Development Efforts Lake Toba National Tourism Strategic Area

Objective: The research aims to determine the leadership style found in villages in the Lake Toba area which have natural, biological and cultural potential, where presumably, the head of the village head will be able to make breakthroughs in developing the village into a tourist village. The tourism development target for Lake Toba is 1,000,000 foreign tourist visits in 2019, and the damage to tourism infrastructure due to the 2020-2022 pandemic out-break makes this target even more difficult to achieve. Theoretical framework: Qualitative research conducted using the phenomenological approach. Research validity was obtained through triangulation of data sources and reliability was carried out through repeated observations a year later. Method: Of the 30 villages located on the shores of the lake, 15 villages were selected for observation and interviews, afterward reduced to 10 villages using feature and demographic approaches. This research is increasingly necessary considering that the world tourism trend is towards the environment, and the development of villages into tourist area can be achieved if the village head's leadership style is appropriate. Result and conclusion: The research proves the similarity of village heads' experiences in leading villages, integratedly, in a bureaucratic, democratic and transformative manner, where these actions can create change and increase the welfare of village residents. The village head who supports the development of National Tourism Strategy Area of Lake Toba leads holistically. Research implications: The research provides the government with a standard leadership model that the village head can use to oversee the hamlet's transition into a tourism destination and obtain accreditation. Originality/value: The research found a leadership model, namely leadership based on statutory regulations, local wisdom and transformation, which was classified then as bureaucratic, democratic and transformative leadership models.