National Security Advisor Research Articles

The United States and the revolution of 25 April 1974

25 April 1974 is a symbolic date not only for Portugal but also for Europe and the world. How did Washington react to this event? The White House of Richard Nixon/Gerald Ford and Henry Kissinger as Secretary of State and National Security Advisor embodied a democratic government that did not hesitate to support antidemocratic governments to defend its interests or those of the Western side in the Cold War. The aim of this article is to analyse the attitude of the United States towards 25 April and its attitude towards a movement that Kissinger described on 29 April 1974 as ‘superbly organized and well directed’.

Measuring The Level Of Strategic Thinking: An Analytical Research In The National Security Advisory

The current research derives its significance from its focus on the vital subject of strategic thinking. This topic has attracted the attention of researchers and managers alike, as well as the importance of the researched organization, the National Security Advisory, due to its strategic role in maintaining the country's security and stability. The research problem arises from neglecting the role of strategic thinking in the organization's success. The research aims to identify the level of incorporation of strategic thinking within the National Security Adviser, across its four dimensions. The research included a sample of (90) employees at all administrative levels in the National Security Advisory in a narrative analytical mythology. The questionnaire was the main tool for collecting data and information related to the respondents, and a number of statistical methods were used to obtain results through the SPSS program. The research reached a set of conclusions, the most prominent of which is the disparity in the embodiment levels of strategic thinking in the researched organization, as systems thinking came at the first level, followed by thinking in time, then intentional thinking and finally opportunistic thinking.

An Analysis of The Extent of Strategic Entrepreneurships’ Dimensions which applied by the leaders of The National Security Advisory

Strategic entrepreneurship is one of the contemporary administrative trends that elevate the status of organizations by enhancing their level of performance, and its importance is particularly clear for security organizations. The current research aims to diagnose the level of practice of strategic Entrepreneurship in the National Security Advisory in Iraq. The research community was represented by the administrative leaders of the National Security Advisory, and the research included a sample of (133) of the leaders of the surveyed Advisory, and the questionnaire was the main tool for collecting data and information related to the research. The current research adopted the descriptive analytical approach, being the most appropriate for the research as it is embodied in follow-up, investigation, and codification in a qualitative way to know the phenomenon in terms of subject and content, and to reach results and generalizations that help in understanding reality, and a number of statistical methods were used, including the mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and percentages, Correlation coefficient and regression coefficient, through the statistical program (SPSS). The research reached a set of conclusions, the most prominent of which was the interest of the National Security Adviser in entrepreneurial culture, which raises the level of strategic Entrepreneurship, resulting from strengthening its position through the ability to make decisions and follow up on its implementation carefully, in addition to having a clear philosophy through which it attracts promising ideas in a high way.

THE INDIA-US-CHINA TRIANGLE: CRAFTING THE BLUEPRINT FOR A NEW WORLD ORDER

The strategic triangle established by China, the US, and India has sparked a renewed discussion in modern international relations study on the implications of their interactions for the formation of a new world order. The fundamental characteristics of the trilateral relationship of India, US and China inevitably lead to a mixture of conflict and collaboration, as well as feelings of anxiety, uncertainty, and reluctance. The border dispute between China and India, coupled with their recent economic and technological advancements, has concerned strategists and experts in foreign policy about the potential for the conflict to escalate and the threat it poses to the US so called peaceful post-cold war global order. The conversation about the narratives of the emerging world order has been reignited by the visit of US National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan to India on June 13, 2023; Secretary of State Antony Blinken's visit to China on June 18, 2023; and Prime Minister Modi's State visit to the USA on June 21–24, 2023. Therefore, the study is an attempt to comprehend the emergence of a new international order with the relative ascendance of China and India, the rise in the narratives about the declining influence of the United States, and the antagonistic relationship between China and India on the one hand coupled with confrontational attitude of China-US on the other hand.

Nixon, Kissinger et l’Amérique latine : l’obsession anticommuniste

In an ambiguous and tense period, between the war in Vietnam, the policy of détente and the vigorous fight against any Communist expansion, Richard Nixon devoted more time to Latin America than he had originally planned, given that the region, though “peripheral” to the two superpowers, was at the heart of the Cold War. This article analyzes the policy towards the region pursued by Nixon and his National Security Adviser, then Secretary of State, Henry Kissinger, between 1969 and 1974, with an extension into the Ford years, taking into account the various parameters involved in decision-making: the international situation, international actors, electoral concerns, divergences within the executive branch, as well as the role of Congress, in order to propose a nuanced study. Three major issues will be examined: expropriations, the nationalist manifestation par excellence, which reached its peak at the time; Cuba, a real wound to US pride and the focus of all fears ; and finally, the Chilean tragedy.

The Emerging New World System and the European Challenge

Abstract In the early 2020s we live in the transition period between two world systems, the Old World Order (OWO) and the New World Order (NWO), in a deep ‘polycrisis’. Therefore, the term transformation has recently appeared in official EU documents as well as in political science literature. The transition to the NWO has begun with this crisis management and it will produce a radical transformation of the entire global architecture in the 2020s. In its conceptual framework this paper focuses on the contrast between ‘de‑coupling’ and ‘de ‑risking’, as it has been explained very markedly in the recent speeches of the president of the European Commission, Ursula van der Leyen (EC 2023a), and the national security adviser, Jake Sullivan (The White House 2023). This contrast symbolises the US policy, concentrating more on cutting or reducing connectivity among the various policy fields, versus the EU policy turning them safe and interdependent. These approaches represent the US and EU attitude in the emerging New World Order, and primarily in their relationships to China.

Реакция США на советско-западногерманские переговоры в рамках подготовки и подписания Московского договора 1970 г.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the reaction of the US government to the negotiations between the USSR and the FRG within the framework of the Moscow Treaty of 1970. The article pays particular attention to the assessments and opinions of the US administration on this issue, as well as analyzes the direct interaction between the two countries in the context of the discussion of the Moscow Treaty and the "new Eastern policy" of the FRG. For several years, the FRG has been able to develop and coordinate a new foreign policy strategy that takes into account the interests and correlates with all the main actors in the system of international relations. To achieve this goal, the author conducted an analysis of various sources, including memoranda, telegrams, correspondence and records of negotiations published in the collection "Foreign Relations of the United States," especially in the volume devoted to policy towards the Federal Republic of Germany. In addition, the author studied the memoirs of Richard Nixon's national security adviser Henry Kissinger and the memoirs of the Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany Willy Brandt. In Russian historiography, the negotiations between the FRG and the USSR, as well as the signing of the Moscow Treaty, were studied mainly in the context of the Soviet delegation's strategy and the goals of the FRG. However, the author has approached this topic from the other side, taking into account the American view on these events. Analysis of the documents shows that Bonn demonstrated the ability to make independent decisions in the field of foreign policy, which raised doubts about the extent of the US influence on Western Europe. However, the negotiating process between the Soviet Union and West German diplomats aroused distrust among Washington's representatives, which indicates the difficulty of establishing trusting relations between the countries. The author's conclusion is that the negotiations within the framework of the Moscow Treaty of 1970 between the FRG and the USSR played an important role in the development of international relations during the policy of détente. The signed agreement contributed to the improvement of relations between the two states and the reduction of tension on the European continent. The FRG needed to constantly consult with its main ally, the United States of America. However, such actions aroused distrust among the representatives of the United States, which indicates the complexity that has arisen in American-West German relations. Studying the specifics of the American reaction is important for understanding the strategy and priorities of the US government, as well as the various factors that influenced the decision-making process of the White House administration.

Russia specialists panel of the Trump administration national security council

The article presents the state of the Russia Group (Russia specialist’s panel) of the National Security Council (NSC) Staff in the Donald Trump Administration term. The point at issue is officer’s group in charge of US-Russian relations. The article chronological framework - from January 2017 to January 2021. The essay’s focus on the personalities who held the Senior Director for European and Russian Affairs incumbency in the NSC office. Fiona Hill, Timothy Morrison, Andrew Peek, Tom Williams and Ryan Tully held it position the period under review. The article consciously thinks the NSC Russia Ring main functionality and its role in the Donald Trump Administration foreign policy priorities. The special attention had given to the NSC Russian Directorate personnel changes under the Donald Trump Cabinet. Their main reasons are considered. The research paper also analyzes the US National Security Advisors and Senior Directors for European and Russian Affairs relationship system under the Donald Trump presidency. The article considered the National Security Advisor John Bolton influential role on the NSC Russia Group political mood and professional activities.

Henry Kissinger and US policy in the South of Africa

The article deals with the American policy towards the southern Africa in the era of Henry Kissinger. The main driving force behind that enterprise in this direction was the National Security Advisor and US Secretary of State during the Nixon-Ford administration. The author examines how US relations to the southern portion of this continent, Angola in particular, unfolds from virtually non-existent to almost full-scale intervention in 1970s - and makes findings of the Kissinger’s dealings with the issue.

The Impact of Authorization on Strategic Decision Execution: The Mediating Role of Trust Variables Sample Survey of National Security Advisor Staff

This study typically aims to determine the role and impact of decentralization on the strategic decision-making execution process in national security advisors, and to diagnose and determine the relationship between these two variables, as it represents the variables of decentralization and trust (intermediate variables). Independent variables, while the execution of strategic decisions represents a dependent variable and draws a series of conclusions, the most prominent of which is that decentralization has the greatest impact on the execution of strategic decisions, indicating that leadership National security advisors trust their employees and empower them to make and execute strategic decisions, confirming that trust has a moral and positive impact on all aspects of strategic decision-making.

Američki realisti i rat u Bosni 1992-1995.

While there is a significant body of literature on U.S. policy towards Bosnia in the early 1990s, the role and policy recommendations of American realists have been largely overlooked. Realism is a school of thought in international relations which holds that states are the key actors motivated by interests which seek to maximize their power and security in an anarchic world. Adherents of this worldview emphasize the pursuit of national interests and the importance of power and force in achieving it. Realists are generally opposed to military interventions where a vital national interest is not at stake. The purpose of this article is to fill this gap by analysing both realist policymakers and academics and how they responded to the war in Bosnia from 1992 to 1995. Several top officials of the George H. W. Bush Administration including the President, Secretary of State James Baker and National Security Adviser Brent Scowcroft were realists and this worldview shaped the US response to the outbreak of the war in Bosnia. Focused on a host of other foreign policy issues at the time, the Bush Administration was adamant not to get involved militarily in Bosnia. James Baker’s statement „We don't have a dog in that fight“ came to define the Bush Administration's Bosnia policy. Its realist outlook combined with the presidential campaign priorities in 1992 to ensure that the Western response to the war in Bosnia was handed over to the Europeans. With realist policymakers in power from the outbreak of the war in spring 1992 through early 1993, many Bosnians hoping for a Western military intervention at the time would later come to realise how far-fetched those hopes were. In addition to realist policymakers, several prominent realists in the American academia also weighed in on how the US should respond to the war in this part of Southeast Europe in the early 1990s. Academic realists published their opinions and recommended policy options in leading media outlets throughout the three-and-a-half year war. Though their worldview was not shared by the first Bill Clinton Administration, academic realists continued offering policy recommendations on Bosnia. Academic realists like Robert Pape and Michael Desch opposed the use of air power in Bosnia arguing that it would be ineffective. John Mearsheimer together with Pape called for partition of Bosnia and establishment of homogeneous states in the Balkans and arming of Bosnian Muslims. Kissinger was opposed to a military commitment to Bosnia but did not lay out specific policy recommendations. In sum, both policymakers and academics argued that there was no vital US national interest at stake in Bosnia warranting deployment of ground troops. Even after the Dayton peace talks concluded in late 1995, American realists continued weighing in on Bosnia and offering generally bleak assessments. While the majority of those recommended policy options were not implemented, realists’ views on Bosnia in the 1990s still deserve scholarly attention. Studying American realists provides an overview of how both practitioners and intellectual adherents of a key theory in international relations perceived the war and its outcome. This analysis will also provide a more nuanced understanding of the variety of American responses to the war in Bosnia.

Advancing Intelligence Analysis and Military History for Strategic Crime Detection and Prevention in Nigeria

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to interrogate influence of intelligence analysis and military history on crime detection and prevention in Nigeria. Specifically, the study was anchored on the following objectives; Public awareness, Capacity building and Policy implementation.
 Methodology: The researchers adopted Clarke and Mayhew’s Situation Crime Prevention theory and the descriptive design for the study. Primary and secondary data were obtained. Primary data were collected through the 12 key informant interviews held with conducted with personnel of the Nigeria Armed Forces, Peace and Security Scholars, officials of the Federal Ministry of Defense, selected community leaders, and stakeholders in the security sector, as well as relevant Civil Society Organizations on crime prevention process. The secondary source of data included; the existing literatures, relevant journal publications, dailies, magazines and web materials. Data obtained were content-analyzed. 
 Findings: Findings of the study revealed that the lingering aftermaths of civil war, bribery and corruption, inadequate security gadgets or equipment, absence of motivation for security personnel, inadequate cooperation from the general public and negative perception towards the security agencies, poverty, lack of patriotism, bad leadership, among others were the factors militating against the timely crime prevention efforts by various stakeholders in Nigeria. Findings also indicate that intelligence analysis and military history remain highly imperative in crime detection and prevention in the state, as it is evident that they help in locating and studying the spots or terrains of crime, conflict and war (shaping the battlefields, dictating routes of advancements, and dictating defensive positions). The study recommends that the Office of National Security Adviser through the Nigerian government must be able to integrate a variety of past experiences of military activities, intelligence information sources, determine how relevant they are towards enhancing national security and assess the situations based on context.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study identifies the gap that lies between policy implementation, influence of intelligence analysis and military history on crime detection and prevention in Nigeria. It shows that the stakeholders are not doing enough towards curtailing crimes in the country. There are still gaps to be filled in awareness campaign, capacity building and policy implementation on the deployment of intelligence analysis and military history for crime detection and prevention. The study therefore submits that strategic intelligence analysis and military history need be up scaled to timely identify, analyze, and prevent potential escalation of crime.

The Impact of Strategic Thinking on Organizational Excellence an Analytical Model for the National Security Advisory

Purpose: The aim of the research is to diagnose the level of awareness of human resources in the organization, the research sample, of the contents of strategic thinking, and to indicate the extent to which the researched organization possesses strategic thinking and invests it in work realistically. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework of the research is represented by highlighting the research problem and developing hypotheses that are temporary solutions to the problem. In order to obtain the results, a sample of (95) employees of the National Security Advisory Council were selected at various administrative levels. The research included three main hypotheses from which some sub-hypotheses emerge. Methods: The research adopted the descriptive analytical approach as it is compatible with the data of the current research. This approach is based on the process of collecting data and information on the research variable (strategic thinking), according to this approach, the opinions of the respondents are verified, their answers to the questionnaire items are determined, and these opinions are analyzed. Results and Conclusions: The existence of a significant correlation between strategic thinking and organizational excellence, as well as the existence of a clear impact of strategic thinking on organizational excellence from the point of view of the employees working in the research sample chancellery. The results showed a high level of embodiment of strategic thinking at the general level in the Chancellery of the research sample, despite the varying level of importance between the dimensions of strategic thinking. Research implications: The research diagnoses the level of awareness of human resources in the organization, the research sample, of the contents of strategic thinking, and indicates the extent to which the researched organization possesses strategic thinking and invests it in work realistically. Originality/value: The research community was represented by the staff working in the National Security Adviser at different administrative levels and functional specializations. To achieve harmony among the respondents from the community, a random sample of (95) employees were chosen. As (100) questionnaires were distributed, (98) questionnaires were retrieved, and (3) questionnaires were not valid for statistical analysis.

Strategic Entrepreneurship Under the Chaos Theory

Purpose: The research aims to test the relationship between chaos theory and strategic Entrepreneurship in the Iraqi National Security Advisory, as well as the research clarifies the results by showcasing the applied side of the research. Theoretical framework: The research concentrates on 3 main points, which are: (I) The Chaos Theory, (II) Strategic Entrepreneurship, (III) The applied side of the research. It tries to analyze the relationship between these variables by reviewing the introduction, which includes the research problem and hypotheses, as well as reviewing the results and discussions that prove the hypotheses. Methods: Put questions and goals derived from it, to define its hypothetical model with two main hypotheses The research community was (144), while the research sample was (133) from the leaders of the National Security Advisory (Deputy National Security Adviser, general managers, assistant directors general, consultants, department directors, and division directors), to distribute to them (the questionnaire) that was designed by relying on the survey data were analyzed after adopting the descriptive, exploratory approach, on the two statistical packages (SPSS V.28 & AMOS V.25), so that the analysis of its data concludes with identifying the most prominent result of the National Security Advisory’s tendency to improve its Entrepreneurship. Stimulating entrepreneurship and innovation should be part of regulatory agendas that tend to encourage and drive the adoption and dissemination of technologies (Matheus Eurico Soares de Noronha and Et. al., 2023: 26). As it is at the top of the hierarchy in security decision-making and organization before voting on it in the National Security Council headed by the Prime Minister and whose membership constitutes the relevant security and sovereign ministries within the structure of the Iraqi government. One of the reasons for adopting the title of the research was to come up with a clear scientific analytical vision about what the intellectual presentation of chaos theory provides, and the intellectual contributions in the field of strategic Entrepreneurship for the leaders of the National Security Advisers, as well as knowledge integration in bridging potential chaos gaps from the perspective of culture, Entrepreneurship capabilities, and wisdom in disposing of resources and according to priorities. And the goals of the organization and the method of applying innovative ideas concerned with proactively developing creative directions, and on this basis, the research problem was formulated with a main question, was the National Security Advisory able to employ chaos theory in improving its strategic Entrepreneurship? Uniqueness: The strategy is based on the adoption of chaos theory in general, and its dimensions of strange attractor/butterfly effect, bifurcation point, feedback, and self-regulation, as well as adopting strategies to improve the dimensions of strategic Entrepreneurship represented by the employment of strange attractor/butterfly effect, bifurcation point and feedback in improving entrepreneurial culture, and adopting those Dimensions as dimensions of chaos theory in improving entrepreneurial Entrepreneurship, to resort to the strange attractor/butterfly effect, self-organization, and bifurcation point to improve the level of strategic resource management, as well as employing the strange attractor/butterfly effect, bifurcation point and feedback in improving its ability to apply innovation to develop creativity.

Conference Preface

The 4th Conference on Geographic Information Systems and Smart Cities is an international conference covering research and development in the field of GIS technologies for environmental planning, including remote sensing, satellite image processing, sustainable development and smart city applications. The conference was held in Baghdad - Iraq, on February 6-8, 2023. This conference was organized by the National Security Adviser and in cooperation with the University of Baghdad, Private University of Uruk and Private College of Al-Hikma University.More than 184 abstracts were submitted and after initial review 94 papers were submitted. Through a peer review process, more than 40 papers have been accepted for publication in IOP Earth and Environmental Sciences.The conference aimed to involve academics and professionals to review points of view, through theoretical analyses or realistic practical studies that promote dialogue and exchange of ideas with decision makers.The conference presented a number of sessions under its auspices, providing a brief overview of the latest issues and practical experience in environmental and geographical planning and sustainable development technologies for smart cities. -Related fields:• Theme 1: Geospatial Information and National Security• Theme 2: Smart Cities & Sustainable Urban Development• Theme 3: Remote sensing and satellite image interpretation• Theme 4: Environmental Monitoring and Climate ChangeThe Organizing Committee thanks all reviewers for their time and effort in reviewing the papers. The published papers have gone through the refinement process to accommodate discussion during the conference as well as comments from the reviewers who directed any necessary improvements. Also, it would like to thank all the members who participated and organizers in any way in the conference and especially the sponsors:• National Security Adviser• Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research• University of Baghdad (College of Science, College of Engineering)• Al-Hikma University College• Uruk UniversityWe also extend our thanks to the organizers who managed the conference sessions:List of Conference Sessions Managers, Conference Committees are available in this Pdf.

Jimmy Carter's cold war legacy

AbstractJimmy Carter's presidency lasted only one term before Ronald Reagan defeated him in 1980. Since then, scholars have debated—and many have maligned—Carter's legacy, especially his foreign policy efforts. The criticism of Jimmy Carter's foreign policies seems particularly mistaken when it comes to the Cold War. With the counsel of his National Security Advisor, Zbigniew Brzezinski, Carter exposed Soviet weaknesses, which included their global influence, economy, and record on human rights. Declassified government documents, census data, and the reflections of former policymakers and government insiders support a revised view of Carter's Cold War policies. The president's Soviet policies helped exacerbate the Soviets' domestic and international troubles, and were far more effective than earlier critics claimed in helping to end the Cold War and contributing to the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Averting Doomsday: Arms Control During the Nixon Presidency by Patrick J. Garrity and Erin R. Mahan

The story of arms control's heyday has been told numerous times before. Indeed, there is no shortage of 1960s–70s arms control lore to be found throughout innumerable memoires and journalistic accounts. Its retelling in Averting Doomsday, by Patrick J. Garrity and Erin R. Mahan, takes a unique approach, looking exclusively at the vast array of arms control accomplishments that occurred under Nixon's watch—what Kenneth Waltz might have called a “first image” account, among the three possible images of man, the state, and war. The book also serves as a kind of intellectual history of Nixon and his ideas and beliefs about weapons of mass destruction, evolving those beliefs as he was confronted with political exigencies they presented. In this account, Nixon plays the antihero, tacitly tasked with averting doomsday, fears of which rear their head on his watch during his presidency—this time including biological and chemical weapons, in addition to nuclear. The rub is this: while more arms control agreements were inked during Nixon's presidency than any other U.S. president, the man himself was unequivocally not pro-arms control. The authors look at arms control through the lens of Nixon's presidency, with a focus on his political ambitions. Culling from a wide array of primary sources, including Nixon's White House recordings and recently declassified primary source documents, the authors craft an image of a deeply political being, whose ambitions collided with a bevy of weapons of mass destruction concerns during his presidency. While John Newhouse famously told the tale of SALT I journalistically in his book Cold Dawn, in which he faithfully chronicled the trials and tribulations of the negotiation process in painstaking detail, Garrity and Mahan leave that aside and tell the story of SALT I and its accompanying Antiballistic Missile Treaty through the lens of Nixon's yearning for political success, his political viability, and his electability. Similarly, pertinent personalities like Nixon's national security advisor Henry Kissinger are described as a function of their proximity to and favor with the president. The timing of the publication of Averting Doomsday is fortuitous; it comes at a moment when the world could use a reminder of not only the prolonged and arduous efforts that went into the crafting of multiple arms control treaties but also the value of their complementarity. The chapter in the book that speaks to design and redesign of SALT II is particularly illuminating in this regard. SALT II had multiple functions: it was meant to shore up gaps that remained upon SALT I's inking, and create greater symmetry in limitations for the United States and Soviet Union. In addition, SALT II negotiations also addressed the idea of making SALT I a permanent agreement in order to solidify the progress the United States and Soviet Union had made in creating some semblance of stability and thwarting the nuclear arms race. Today, we tend to consider each agreement in isolation when discussing its merits and deficiencies, but the origins of nuclear arms control were designed and effectuated in a systemic approach. While the Nuclear Proliferation Treaty limited the number of nuclear weapons states, among other aims, the Nuclear Suppliers Group and IAEA Trigger List were then created to close proliferation gaps from nuclear materials, for example, that could contribute to proliferation and nuclear breakout. Similarly, SALT I was meant to be the beginning of a process of restraint. Whether we will ever get to the end goal of stability at low numbers now remains to be seen. Notably, it was as difficult during Nixon's presidency to negotiate away a missile-related arms race as it appears today.

Always Be Prepared

Always Be Prepared

Containing Contagion in a Garrison State

Containing Contagion in a Garrison State

The Counselor Brent Scowcroft and his Role in Achieving the Requirements of the American National Security

Despite the multiplicity of institutions contributing to the decision-making process in the United States of America, they interact to crystallize positions regarding international and strategic situations. The formulation of the national security policy depends on a number of institutions that complement each other in order to achieve an advanced security situation. Thus, the decision reflects the process of interaction of the existing regulatory institutions. This is because the essence of the national security and achieving its requirements also stems from the existence of a coherent system of shared beliefs and principles in the American society. Besides, these elements are the bases for achieving security. Researing about Brent Scowcroft’s role in meeting the requiremnets of the united States’ national security, it has been found necessary to include two pivots to the study. The first pivot disscusses the requirements of achieving the national security of the United States of America, whereas the second pivot tackles Brent Scowcroft’s role, through the mechanisms of the national security council, in achieving the national security requirements in particular within the decision-making process in the history of the contemporary American political system. As for the type of the study, it is a historical study within the axis of contemporary American politics, while the methodology of the study came within the scientific analysis and according to the narrative and descriptive historical approach. This is because the research problem emphasizes the identification of the security and military requirements in order to achieve the integration of the national security of the United States. Finally, the conclusions have verified the National Security Adviser’s prominent role of during the Scowcroft era, in conductng partnership with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in the decision-making process. The latter has said to affect the overall foreign policy and achieve the national security requirements of the United States of America at the end of the last century.