National Honor Research Articles

Medicine in Dallas 100 Years Ago

Marvin J. Stone, MD: Good morning. Last month Dr. John Fordtran delivered the Alpha Omega Alpha lecture at Southwestern Medical School. For those of you who may not know, AOA is the national honor medical society to which top medical students are elected in recognition of superior scholarship. Many members of our own medical staff are members of AOA. In addition, some of the newly elected medical students will be joining our housestaff in July. For a long time I've thought it interesting to observe the subjects selected by esteemed colleagues when they have the widest possible latitude, that is, the topic of their choice. John chose to speak about medicine in Dallas 100 years ago at the AOA banquet. We are fortunate that he has agreed to give this talk again at Baylor this morning. Now, do not think that the subject he selected was accidental. It was arrived at after much contemplation. Most of us know John as the chief of medicine at Baylor for 17 years and current president of the Baylor Research Institute. I shan't dwell on some of his other activities, such as being acknowledged as one of the leading investigators and educators in gastroenterology, or being one of the 2 founding editors of the best textbook on gastroenterology, or being awarded virtually every prize given in the field as well as several honorary degrees. During the past year, he was elected to fellowship in the Royal College of Physicians of London. Despite these considerable accomplishments and worldwide recognition, I submit that John Fordtran's principal interest is medical history. Why? Not just because of the topic chosen for his AOA lecture, which you will hear this morning. There is in fact precedent for my claim. Twenty-one years ago, almost to the day, John delivered the presidential address at the annual meeting of the American Society for Clinical Investigation, another occasion when he could have spoken on any topic he wished. He chose to speak on the life and career of Samuel James Meltzer, founder and first president of that august organization, which was established in 1907. Ladies and gentlemen, the evidence is overwhelming. It is a pleasure to introduce John Fordtran, sometime gastroenterologist, but really eminent medical historian! John S. Fordtran, MD: Thank you, Marvin, for that wonderful introduction and for your own interest in medical history and for the effort you have made to teach the history of medicine to our students, residents, and staff. Today, I will try to describe what medicine was like in Dallas 100 years ago. Actually, the time frame to be discussed is from 1890 through 1920, and I will also say a few words about the removal of Baylor College of Medicine from Dallas to Houston in 1943.

Fifty-Plus Years as a Student-Centered Teacher: An Interview with Wilbert J. McKeachie

R. Eric Landrum is an Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of Psychology at Boise State University in Boise, ID. His teaching and research interests focus on student performance and student success, examined in the context of student study time, retention and attrition, grade inflation, and student evaluations of teaching. Landrum is currently serving as the President of the Council of Teachers of Undergraduate Psychology. Wilbert J. McKeachie is a Professor in the Department of Psychology and a Research Scientist at the Center for Research on Learning and Teaching at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. His long academic career is distinguished by 7 honorary degrees, 27 regional or national honors, membership in 14 professional societies, 32 books, 117 book chapters, 84 research or scholarly articles, and 105 other articles. Additionally, he is the composer of 6 musical compositions and has sung (with his wife) in the First Baptist Church Choir since 1948. During his fast-pitch Softball career (from 1933 to 1989), McKeachie pitched 35 no-hitters (in 1976 his pitching record was 22-0), with a winning pitching record of .750 and a lifetime batting average above .300. His book, Teaching Tips: Strategies, Research, and Theory for College and University Teachers is in its 10th edition and has become a cherished resource by new and seasoned academics alike.

Essilor CEO Receives National Honor

Essilor CEO Receives National Honor

‘Concerning our national honour’: Florence Nightingale and the Welfare of Aboriginal Australians

Florence Nightingale was a prolific writer on many subjects from nursing to religion to hospital design and sanitary statistics. Her writing on the indigenous people of Australia is little known but should be of interest especially to those involved in the present desperate search for ways to improve the health of Australia's first settlers. Nightingale's evidence was second-hand, derived largely from missionaries, especially Bishop Salvado of the Benedictine foundation of New Norcia in Western Australia. This paper reviews the attitudes to Australian Aborigines which emerge from Nightingale's and others' writings and argues that their place in modern nursing is to stimulate a reappraisal of current attitudes to Aboriginal health.

The Falklands War: Britain versus the past in the South Atlantic

The Falklands War is an ideal showcase for how British policy evolved in the 1970s and 1980s. The background of the dispute over the island group in the remote South Atlantic (called Las Malvinas by the Argentines) is given first, then the events that precipitated the 1982 conflict and extensive examination of the military aspects of the war are provided. An overview follows of the many hypotheses offered for the British motivation to recapture the Falklands, showing that only those theories pertaining to the British perception of their national honor and the defense of democratic principles are significant. The Falklands War did not result in a dramatic shift in British defense policy, but did show the importance of external developments and political realism in policy formation, and these considerations are fully detailed here.

Phi Alpha Theta: The National Honor Society in History

Phi Alpha Theta: The National Honor Society in History

"Is the Lan' I Want": Reconfiguring Metaphors and Redefining History in Andrew Salkey's Epic "Jamaica"

n 1962 Jamaica was granted independent status as a member of the British Commonwealth, and the island immediately experienced both a surge in feelings of nationalism and a cultural renaissance. Beginning in 1966, the Institute of Jamaica funded archaeological teams to excavate local sites of historical import, including Port Royal and some Indian burial grounds at White Maul. In 1968 British honors were replaced with Jamaican or National honors, the British honor of knighthood, for example, making way for the Order of Jamaica. The year 1968 also marked the creation of the new rank National Hero, awarded posthumously that year to Marcus Garvey, Paul Bogle, and George William Gordon. Rastafarianism, a Jamaican-born religion fast gaining worldwide attention and followers, was celebrated in the 1972 film The Harder They Come. The island contributed to the musical world with developments in reggae, ska, and calypso, and reggae in particular helped to make available to the Jamaican population an Afro-Caribbean identity. Stuart Hall, who grew up in Jamaica, comments on the growing awareness of a Jamaican identity during that era:

Ophthalmic Eponyms From the Mayo Clinic

Ophthalmic Eponyms From the Mayo Clinic

"A Country Boy Can Survive": Confessions of an Ex-Shitkicker

Not Forgotten '? Country Boy Can Survive" Confessions of an Ex-Shitkicker BY PATRICK HUBER Every year I make at least two trips home to visit my parents in Ste. Genevieve (pop. 4,411), a predominandy Catholic, mining and farming town in southeastern Missouri. Until it recently closed, my favorite place to hang out while I was home was down at the O.K. Corral, a local watering hole where proprietor Wally Bauman served up cold draft beer in chilled mugs and where fifty cents got you three plays on the jukebox. There, I'd gulp down icy Stag drafts, shoot a few games ofeight-ball, and occasionally eat a pickled egg or two with old high school friends. Once in a while Flick Samples, looking for a litde cheap entertainment, would bet Piss Schweiss a couple of bucks that he wouldn't drink a glass of dill pickle juice from the three-gallon jar on the bar. If Piss was in a good mood, he'd get Wally to set him up with a tall one. Usually, though, nothing much ever happened at the O.K. Corral. We'd just hunker down at the end ofthe bar, watch a hockey game on t.v., and catch up on one another's lives. After three or four beers, our conversation usually turned to reminiscing about the glory days of our fading youth—high school football games, favorite coaches and teachers, old girlfriends, locker room pranks, cruising town on school nights, weekend beer parties. Carl Roth would drop a couple of quarters in the jukebox and invariably he'd select #1 5 5 —Hank Williams, Jr.'s, "A Country Boy Can Survive"—and then, in celebration of our local anthem, Stupe Papin would order another round. No single song, it seems, reminds us of our high school days like that one does. Granted, HankJr. has released some godawful stuff in recent years, "If It Will It Will" and "Born to Boogie," come to mind, but his earlier songs still hold a special place in our memories. Looking back from the vantage point of more than a decade of reflection, I can now more fully comprehend the central role that Hank "Bocephus" Williams , Jr., and country music generally, played in my life as a high-school kid growing up in Ste. Genevieve. As teenage boys wrestling with issues ofmasculinity and peer conformity, my four closest friends and I drew on country music to shape our emerging identities and to help us negotiate that sometimes awkward transition to adulthood. In our limited social world we saw ourselves as different from the rest of our classmates at Valle, our small Catholic high school of less than three hundred students. We weren't like the more popular and upwardly mobile middle-class kids ("preppies" and "pretty boys" we called them) who served 105 on student council, belonged to the National Honor Society, organized Red Cross blood drives, performed in school productions of Oklahoma!, and aspired to go on to snobby Washington University. At the time we despised them, on principle, as brown-nosing overachievers. We poked fun at the way diey mingled uncomfortably at beer parties, nursing warming cans of relatively pricey Budweiser beer (almost $6 a twelve-pack in 1 98 5 ), and tryinginconspicuously to ditch their partially full cans of beer when no one was looking. They were always so fashionable in their trendy deck loafers and pastel-colored Polo shirts with the collars turned up, and seemed to us to be combing their hair incessandy. We weren't what we called "gearheads," either—the group of mechanically minded, working-class kids whose idea of fun was to pop the hood of somebody 's Chevy pickup truck and work on the engine in the bowling alley parking lot on Highway 61. Nor were we "potheads," a gang of boys from the nearby town ofBloomsdale, who, although they hunted and fished like us, also smoked dope, a hobby that my uninitiated group strongly condemned at die time. Rather, my friends and I were, in a word, "shitkickers"—sports-minded country boys who proudly embraced a rural identity and small-town lifestyle. None of us were...

For the Good, the True, and the Beautiful: Northern Children's Magazines and the Civil War

For the Good, the True, and the Beautiful: Northern Children's Magazines and the Civil War James Marten "What has been gained by all the fighting?" young William asks Uncle Rodman in a story from Our Young Folks in the summer of 1865. Uncle Rodman lays aside his newspaper, removes his spectacles, and solemnly tells William and his sister Susie, "I am very glad to hear you express a wish to know more about the conflict that is now closing. It has been the great event ofthis century, and you ought to have a clear general idea of its origin and results." Four years ago, "it was not to be expected that you should understand what so many grown people failed to appreciate. But you are older now, and the terrible meaning of the war is clearer to us all than it was then." The subsequent dialogue explains the folly of Southern secession and the righteousness of the Northern victory. Its certainty in the right of the Union cause, its emphasis on the evils of slavery and slaveholders, and the earnest romanticism of its patriotism reflect the attitudes developed in Civil War-era children's magazines.1 While the editors and writers ofchildren's magazines did take on war-related topics, they continued to utilize formats and embrace assumptions that had shaped children's literature for decades. Stories and articles promoted the principles ofhard work, obedience, generosity, humility, and piety; provided moral guidance and examples ofthe benefits offamily cohesion and the consequences of the absence of such order; and furnished mild adventure stories, innocent entertainment , and instruction. The values thus expressed were valuable anytime, ofcourse, but were absolutely necessary at times ofcrisis—especially during a war being fought to defend exactly those noble traits. Works offiction and nonfiction alike—"the incidental work of leading British and American authors, and the major work of some incidental writers of Victorian prose and poetry," in the words of John Morton Blum—stressed character and framed the world¦J. T. Trowbridge, "The Turning of the Leaf," Our Young Folks 1 (June 1 865): 399. Civil War History, Vol. XLI, No. 1 © 1995 by The Kent State University Press 58CIVIL WAR HISTORY in moral terms. E. Douglas Branch unsympathetically characterized the tone of much of prewar children's literature when he described the story-telling scenarios of Peter Parley (Samuel G. Goodrich) in his books on history, geography , and nature: "a kindly old gentleman, marvelously well-informed, talking to an inquisitive set of little prigs." Authors of stories and novels as well as schoolbooks for children combined a faith in virtue with the confidence in the American political and economic systems; patriotism and good deeds and hard work and unselfishness together would guarantee individual success and national honor.2 Much of the content of wartime children's periodicals reflected these antebellum concerns. Yet they also moved from the antebellum reluctance to discuss politics, military affairs, and race relations in order to rally children to the Union war effort. Anne Scott MacLeod has shown that the "relentless moralizing" in children 's literature between 1 820 and 1 860 tended to focus on self-improvement— especially temperance—and pacifism; the antislavery movement, on the other hand, was controversial. "Children's fiction was seldom chosen as a vehicle for the heavy burden of the national debate over slavery" because publishers simply could not afford to alienate important segments of the book-buying public. The dozens of best-selling books by Jacob Abbott "reflected little of that era's controversy or ferment for reform." When Abbott and others featured African Americans in their stories and novels, even the most sympathetic characters were burdened by stereotypes and by the condescension and patronizing attitudes ofclearly more intelligent white characters. Surprisingly, perhaps, literature distributed by the American Sunday School Union avoided the issue of slavery. Children's magazines, according to John B. Crume, "asked no more of their . . . readers than that they behave themselves."} The same caution applied to military subjects. As The Student and Schoolmate noted in August 1862, most Northerners had "only a few years 2John Morton Blum, ed.. Yesterday's Children: An Authology Compiledfrom the Pages ofOur Young Folks...

Growth Management Techniques in City of Carlsbad

This paper presents the growth management techniques in the City of Carlsbad, which has received local, state, and national honors for outstanding planning through its Growth Management Program. This unique program continues to be a model plan for the surrounding area of North San Diego County. A synopsis of the plan is provided. Techniques for plan implementation are also discussed. Experience gained by the writers in the ongoing enforcement of the plan is summarized. A summary of resources required to establish the plan is provided. A summary of management considerations is provided for preparation, implementation, and enforcement for the Growth Management Program.

Information Resources for Nursing Research

In January 1994, Sigma Theta Tau International, the National Honor Society of Nursing, and OCLC released the first online journal in nursing, the Online Journal of Knowledge Synthesis for Nursing. Developed to provide rapid dissemination of research ftndings, their validity, and the implications for practice, the Journal includes charts, tables, and graphics in type-set quality text via OCLC's Guidon. Also premiering is the Virginia Henderson International Nursing Library, an electronic library of unique databases and resources that are not available through traditional sources or vendors.

The Construction of National Honour in Egypt

The Construction of National Honour in Egypt

Not to offend: Observations on Iran, the hostages, and the hostage rescue mission—ten years later

Abstract Ten years ago, in a devilish “soft war” scenario, Iranian militants seized 65 (later 53) innocent American officials in Tehran. The move was immediately endorsed by Ayatollah Khomeini, who soon laid down his terms: no harm to the hostages but no release until Iran had gained satisfaction for its “grievances.” The Carter Administration hesitated, as a dialectic within the U. S. leadership emerged. One group held that the hostages would be released after they had served the purposes of the Iranian revolution, and that patient, dogged diplomacy was what was required. Another group held that Khomeini would respond to pressure and that U.S. national honor was being flouted. The extreme expression of the former group was that a way had to be found so that Khomeini could claim victory, in order to achieve the hostages’ release (whence is derived the principal significance of the title of the article). After months of tergiversations, during which sometimes promising but generally unsuccessful attempts a...

Fascism and Politics in Peru during the Benavides Regime, 1933-39: The Italian Perspective

URING the turbulent decade of the 1930S, political competition in much of the Western world was shaped by fascism's mounting challenge to liberal democracy and communism. In Latin America, the outcome of that conflict should have never been in doubt, since the region lacked the economic, social, and psychological conditions that had made possible the rise of fascism in Europe.' Even so, there was much about fascism that appealed to important sectors of Latin American societies. Anticommunism, anticapitalism, militarism, defense of national unity and honor, protection of family, and other traditional values struck a responsive chord among intellectuals, politicians, members of the ruling classes, and military officers seeking solutions to the profound crises spawned by the Great Depression. Fascism seemed to offer them a panacea for national problems as well as an opportunity to join a glorious movement certain to overwhelm all who might try to resist it. These Latin Americans clearly misjudged the determination of the enemies of fascism to arrest its growth, and they certainly overestimated its appeal within their homelands. However, in spite of its ultimate failure, fascism in the 1930S turned Latin America into a battleground for competing political ideologies. The contenders in this conflict often bore little ideological resemblance to their European counterparts, and their movements usually reflected Latin American political and social peculiarities. The fixing of European labels on such movements, though perhaps inevitable in light of the state of international affairs, had the effect of distorting political reality and giving national political conflicts unwarranted international significance.2

Indian National Honour versus Trader Ideology: Three Unsuccessful Attempts at Passive Resistance in the Transvaal, 1932, 1939 and 1941

Indian National Honour versus Trader Ideology: Three Unsuccessful Attempts at Passive Resistance in the Transvaal, 1932, 1939 and 1941

Hugh Newell Jacobsen, architect

This book documents 30-year collaboration of one of America's finest architects and a great architectural photographer. Hugh Newell Jacobsen's projects, located in US and abroad, have earned over 80 design awards, including six National Honor Awards from American Institute of Architects. Robert Lautman's photographs of Jacobsen's work have been published regularly in Architecture, Architectural Record, & Garden and many other journals. This book celebrates their life's work together. A probing introduction by Vincent Scully traces influences of Louis Kahn and Philip Johnson in Jacobsen's works and praises instinct for precision, clarity and elegant formality so evident in all his projects. Over 50 works are presented chronologically, including Bolton Square, Renwick Gallery, Elliot House, Arts and Industries Museum, Tidewater House, and Mendoza House - National Honor Award winners. Descriptions and renderings of six current projects are also featured. Because, as Jacobsen writes, the eloquence in language of architecture is measured by how a building is put together, his famous construction details - hand-lettered by architect - are reproduced on six full pages. Also included are a foreword by Massimo Vignelli, who designed book, an illustrated biographical chronology and a list of additional readings by and about Jacobsen.

Résumé

Hundreds of books dealing with the Russo-Japanese war (1904-1905) have been published in Japan during the past years, but they have nearly all chronicled the military operations of her army by means of the gun and the bayonet, and have given very little information regarding the humanside, still less, the effects of the war on the rest of the world other than the contesting parties. Some time before the war, the Meiji government was divided; one party was for peace at any price, and the other was for vindicating national honour by appealing to arms, although even the war advocates were well aware that Japan was far below Russia in natural resources, military strength, and economic power; the national budget of Japan in the year preceding the war was only one-eighth of Russia's. Japan had, however, recognized the right of even the humblest to the opportunity of rising in the intellectual and social scale, whereas Russia was content to leave her people in besotted ignorance, without political rights and privileges, and also to leave her officers and soldiers in utter contempt of their Japanese counterparts so much that a high-ranking officer is said to have declared, “We need not the big gun; the musket will be enough to crush the yellow monkeys in a few weeks.” The Japanese army was, in fact, far better trained than the Russian, in addition to the fact that the Japanese officers and men had had the international law and etiquette of the Red Cross Treaty inculcated in them since 1887 when General Oyama was War Minister.Britain sent a large group of famous war correspondents and artists to the Japanese front, and their thrilling news, photographs, and sketches were collected into book form immediately after the war. Following their materials according to the progress of the war, I have tried to describe the human side, the national characteristics, and the consequent achievements and failures of both armies. In so doing, I have also tried to draw the attention of the reader to the global significance of the RussoJapanese war, which presents many cruel scenes, but provides the reader with a romantic interest reminiscent of a Homeric combat.

Men and Women of the Corporation Revisited: Interview with Rosabeth Moss Kanter

Human Resource ManagementVolume 26, Issue 2 p. 257-263 Human Resource Management in Action Men and Women of the Corporation Revisited: Interview with Rosabeth Moss Kanter Rosabeth Moss Kanter, Rosabeth Moss Kanter Rosabeth Moss Kanter is currently the Class of 1960 Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School, the first holder of this new tenured full professorship dedicated to innovation and entrepreneurship. She is the recipient of many national honors including the Guggenheim Fellowship, five honorary doctoral degrees, four “Woman of the Year” award fiom national organizations including Ms. magazine for 1985 and Working Woman for 1986. Her most notable publications include The Change Masters: Innovation and Entrepreneurship in the American Corporation and Men and Women of the Corporation.Search for more papers by this author Rosabeth Moss Kanter, Rosabeth Moss Kanter Rosabeth Moss Kanter is currently the Class of 1960 Professor of Business Administration at Harvard Business School, the first holder of this new tenured full professorship dedicated to innovation and entrepreneurship. She is the recipient of many national honors including the Guggenheim Fellowship, five honorary doctoral degrees, four “Woman of the Year” award fiom national organizations including Ms. magazine for 1985 and Working Woman for 1986. Her most notable publications include The Change Masters: Innovation and Entrepreneurship in the American Corporation and Men and Women of the Corporation.Search for more papers by this author First published: Summer 1987 https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.3930260209Citations: 16 AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume26, Issue2Summer 1987Pages 257-263 RelatedInformation

Selecting an Outstanding Biology Teacher

Selecting an Outstanding Biology Teacher