National Honor Research Articles

Lunch-Box Dream (review)

Reviewed by: Lunch-Box Dream Elizabeth Bush Abbott, Tony . Lunch-Box Dream. Foster/Farrar, 2011. [192p]. ISBN 978-0-374-34673-7 $16.99 Reviewed from galleys Ad Gr. 5-8. The only people of color that Bobby has seen in his 1959 Ohio town are the garbage collectors, whom he and his older brother, Ricky, refer to as "chocolate men" and frighten themselves into fleeing. When their mother abruptly announces that they will be driving their grandmother down to Florida and that they'll stop at a number of Civil War battlefields along the way, Ricky is ecstatic; he knows everything there is to know about the war, and viewing the sites where his Union heroes fought for their nation's honor is a dream come true. As they make their way south, though, it's Bobby who approaches the scenes with empathetic imagination, sensing the horror of bloodshed and suffering, while Ricky proves to be little more than a detached encyclopedia of trivia. Meanwhile, another tale concurrently unfolds regarding the African-American Thomas family, as nine-year-old Jacob Thomas, an Atlanta native, visits relatives out in the country. In a plot twist reminiscent of the Emmett Till tragedy, the young boy accustomed to more permissive urban behavior makes some ill-advised remarks about white residents; when he goes missing, his relatives fear the worst and his Atlanta clan rushes to join the search. The stories intersect aboard a bus, where Bobby witnesses the desperation of the frantic Thomas family as they contend with the Jim Crow policies that impede their travel, and although he cannot know (as readers do) the nature of their domestic problem, he revises his view of "chocolate men" as he observes their spiritual strength and family solidarity. This is an oddly paced offering, with the strong momentum established by the first-person narration and tense trajectory of the Thomas family story somewhat hobbled by the slower, more contemplative chapters that treat Bobby's tale in a coolly distanced third-person narration. Moreover, the backstory to Bobby's trip, which involves an ongoing altercation between his parents, is left disturbingly unresolved. [End Page 508] Nonetheless, this tale, based in part on Abbott's memories of a childhood road trip, could fuel avid classroom discussion or quiet personal reflection. Copyright © 2011 The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois

Song of wrath: the Peloponnesian War begins

Song of Wrath tells the story of Classical Athens' victorious Ten Years' War (431-- 421 BC) against grim Sparta--the first decade of the terrible Peloponnesian War that turned the Golden Age of Greece to lead. Historian J.E. Lendon presents a sweeping tale of pitched battles by land and sea, sieges, sacks, raids, and deeds of cruelty and guile--along with courageous acts of mercy, surprising charity, austere restraint, and arrogant resistance. Recounting the rise of democratic Athens to great-power status, and the resulting fury of authoritarian Sparta, Greece's traditional leader, Lendon portrays the causes and strategy of the war as a duel over national honor, a series of acts of revenge. A story of new pride challenging old, Song of Wrath is the first work of Ancient Greek history for the post-cold-war generation.

Obituary: Passing of an Ecosystem Naturalist, Mark M. Brinson 1943–2011

Obituary: Passing of an Ecosystem Naturalist, Mark M. Brinson 1943–2011

News & Views: Helen Free Receives National Honor

Dr. Helen Free, a past president of the AACC (1990), was recently awarded the nation's highest honor for inventors and engineers. In November 2010, she received the National Medal of Technology and Innovation (NMTI) from President Obama at a White House ceremony. Free, along with her late husband Alfred Free, developed the first dip-and-read diagnostic test to monitor glucose concentrations in urine. Marketed as Clinistix by their employer, Miles Laboratories, the test enabled diabetics to conduct …

Stigma Comes Home as Psychiatrist Gets Treatment for Her Children

Stigma Comes Home as Psychiatrist Gets Treatment for Her Children

Prostitutes as a Threat to National Honor in Habsburg-Occupied Serbia during the Great War

Prostitutes as a Threat to National Honor in Habsburg-Occupied Serbia during the Great War

National risk signatures and human embryonic stem cell research in mainland China

The international development of human embryonic stem cell research has become closely tied to global bioethics, which places moral responsibility on stem cell researchers. This article argues that the development of bioethical regulation of human embryonic stem cell research is better understood by approaching the institutionalisation of bioethics in terms of risk perceptions of stem cell scientists. Eschewing approaches that understand bioethical risk as a mere matter of morality or as a social construct, this article emphasises the materiality and strategic reasoning of bioethical views on risks associated with human embryonic stem cell research. Such an approach allows the identification of forms of risk rooted in the everyday practice of Chinese human embryonic stem cell research, including moral risk (as a violation of cultural values), material risk (in relation to the distribution of material resources and wealth), political risk (in terms of the political economy of bioethics and public debate) and reputational risk (in terms of personal and national honour). Although this analysis builds on Tom Horlick-Jones's concept of risk signatures of new technologies, which emphasise the capacities of different technologies to engender and delimit the particular social and cultural interpretations of the risks they generate, the article reveals the existence of a certain global awareness among stem cell scientists of risk signatures. They display a creative and strategic awareness regarding the possible opportunities and constraints the risk signature of human embryonic stem cell research affords in their particular institutional context compared to those of others abroad and at home in different environments. The existence of this form of reflexivity requires recognition and methodological accommodation.

Does Science Education in Developing Countries Really Count?

Emmanuel T. Tyokumber, Ecology and Environmental Biology Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria Introduction Although capital intensive, countries that have invested wisely in science education get good returns in human and infrastructural development and achievement. A long-term project, science education does not necessarily translate into immediate breakthroughs, economic returns, and national honors or pride. However, the manpower needs for sustaining the educational sector, industry, and commerce in the short term, and invariably for long-term purposes of social, infrastructural, and economic development, justify investments in science education by developing countries and economies in transition countries. Grappling with a myriad of economic and social challenges, many developing countries have the attitude that science education is the exclusive reserve of rich countries that can afford its capital-intensive nature. This attitude arises from the fact that new technologies resulting from investments in science and technology are quickly mass-produced in Far Eastern countries using optimal labor and infrastructural costs. These products then become readily available at an affordable price in developing countries without their investment in the research and development process. The unfortunate result of this is that science education in most developing countries is poorly financed and developed; at best it allows the brightest students to excel to the extent that they can then leave as part of the brain drain to the developed world. This brain drain brings economic and convenience benefits to the recipient countries, while also allowing many developing country scholars and scientists to access opportunities that enable them to excel in their chosen fields of endeavor. The aim of this article is to explore the relevance and challenges of science education in developing countries and offer some recommendations for meeting the challenges.

Walter E. Stamm, MD, 1945–2009

Walter E. Stamm, MD, 1945–2009

Women in Motion: Globalization, State Policies, and Labor Migration in Asia (review)

Reviewed by: Women in Motion: Globalization, State Policies, and Labor Migration in Asia Heather Dell (bio) Women in Motion: Globalization, State Policies, and Labor Migration in Asia by Nana Oishi. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2005, 238 pp., $57.95 hardcover, $22.95 paper. At the very moment when struggling families are working longer hours to make ends meet and need more access to affordable child care and elder care, medium- and high-income nations have reduced funding and cut programs. For some middle-class families, domestic-worker migration has emerged as a difficult but key solution. At the top of the class spectrum, the newly wealthy see employing migrant domestic workers as symbols of conspicuous consumption. In a welcome study of migrant domestic workers, Nana Oishi offers us a rare contextual integration of analysis at the international, state, society, and individual level, not only of the sending and receiving countries, but also of those that resist allowing women workers to labor overseas, regardless of need. Oishi conducted fieldwork in nine Asian countries, with supplemental data from other locations, a breathtaking endeavor. The book mainly focuses on the guest worker-receiving countries of Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and the Gulf States of Kuwait and United Arab Emirates; the sending countries of Sri Lanka and the Philippines; and the comparatively nonsending Bangladesh. Oishi demonstrates that male migrants tend to come from low-income countries, while women originate from somewhat better-off countries that have a history of paid female labor and education. Due to economic destabilization under neoliberal globalization, women may find that they can earn more as domestic workers abroad and send money back to their families than they can as nurses at home. Oishi states that "[i]n terms of trade values, monetary remittances constitute the largest flow in the world … exceed[ing] the international trade [End Page 195] in crude oil and coffee" and serve as a major source of foreign exchange needed to improve a nation's balance of payments (58). Oishi demonstrates that the internal movement of rural women to urban export-processing zones—where companies receive government subsidies and reduced tariffs and workers receive low pay for long hours assembling imported components for export—is not a first step toward their international migration; instead, they have merely tended to strengthen support for women's paid work and rural–urban migratory employment within the country because the zones are valued as industrialization. Oishi challenges the household strategy approach, which assumes that households collectively make decisions about actions such as migration; instead, women individually make the decision to migrate, even when motivated by household need. The author argues that "women have much more autonomy than migration theorists have assumed," particularly if they are married rather than being unattached and living with extended family (128). At the same time, Oishi notes that the "re-emergence of traditional gender ideology" means that women are often blamed for family difficulties arising from employment (73). Migrants themselves often pay recruitment agencies a placement fee. North American locations command some of the highest fees, followed by Hong Kong, with West Asia (the Middle East) demanding the lowest fees—for work with longer hours and lower pay. In Hong Kong in 1999, Filipina domestic workers were paid the monthly equivalent of US$470, Indonesian workers were paid US$300, and Sri Lankans only US$270. Oishi notes that "[t]hese rates are not related to individual qualifications; rather, they reflect stereotypes and prejudices relating to the overall qualifications of particular nationalities … reinforced by the media, recruitment agencies, and employers' personal networks" (51). For instance, because many Filipinas bring English skills they are viewed as college educated, although many have not gone beyond high school. Most sending countries' emigration policies in Asia let men exit with relative impunity, but may set significant restrictions on women. While Sri Lanka is fairly open, Oishi argues that the comparatively nonsending country of Bangladesh does not encourage women to emigrate, because it sees women as less mature than men or as symbols of national honor, requiring protection. Bangladesh has instituted higher age barriers for women than men—(18 years of age for men, 21 for semi-skilled women...

Table of Contents

Abstract Cover Story Innovative undergraduate course aims to retain, engage adult learners Course engages adult learners early to align academic, career goals Gateway stats add up to success Review these tips for a course that retains adults Student feedback shows the course is effective Briefing Let vets know GI‐Bill $ available Illinois college opens center for adult learning Institute awards funds to campus vets' groups Transitions Advise students to ask about tuition reimbursement What Would You Do? What DIY marketing strategies would you use to boost enrollment? Generating Opportunities Lifelong Learning Society + university = big success Word‐of‐mouth marketing works for lifelong learning society Program Profile Colorado State gives veterans special attention CSU's national honor society up and running Managing Your Office Create a principled middle‐management team Bright Idea Let vision guide your efforts Conference Calendar Make your conference plans for 2010 Lawsuits & Rulings DISMISSAL Time barred nursing student's discrimination claims DISABILITY University averts investigation by agreeing to change dental student's transcripts CAMPUS SECURITY Appeals court finds university not to blame in student's attack STUDENT AFFAIRS For‐profit university did not violate student's civil rights Leaders & Innovators ALAN MANDELL, COLLEGE PROFESSOR OF ADULT LEARNING AND MENTORING, STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK, EMPIRE STATE COLLEGE Ensure that you deliver meaningful programs to adults Professional development is intensive at college where mentoring is key

A tribute to Franklin H. Epstein

A tribute to Franklin H. Epstein

Biological Perspectives

Most people don't realize that some people expend tremendous energy merely to be normal. --Albert Camus I'm the smartest dumb person know. I'm one of those messy purse --Cynthia Cynthia's Story Cynthia is a 35-year-old married woman recently diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) while seeking counseling for depression following a miscarriage. There's so much in my head, so many ideas, but they're a jumbled mess. can't seem to turn them into anything productive. I'm constantly losing things. have trouble remembering to do the laundry, remembering to pay the bills, balancing my checkbook, taking my son to baseball practice. My house is a trail through books and piles of just about else. When my husband comes home from work, have nothing tangible to answer the question, 'What have you been doing all day?' And of course, my purse is always such a mess, and wonder if that reflects my state of mind. wish could be one of those neat purse girls. Cynthia's parents divorced when she was 7. To help Cynthia and her younger brother, Henry, adjust to the divorce, their parents took them to a psychiatrist. After several visits, the psychiatrist observed that Cynthia was having a harder time adjusting to the divorce than her brother and recommended that she continue on a one-to-one basis. Cynthia took the WAIS-C, which revealed she had an above-average intelligence, but there was considerable discrepancy between her verbal and spatial scores. Cynthia says it was in seventh grade when everything fell apart. She remembers having trouble getting up in the mornings, missing school, having no friends, and experiencing conflict with her mother. I know was difficult to raise. was willful and obstinate. My mother and were in constant conflict. She hounded me about my weight, my messy room, my talking on the telephone too much. She pushed me to study piano, violin, and voice. hated it at the time, but it's true, had no initiative. needed pushing. In high school, despite frequent absences, Cynthia made straight As, was in the National Honor Society, played the lead in school musicals, and was on the dance team. She says she's never really felt happy and reports seeing several different psychiatrists over the years. All diagnosed her with depression and anxiety, comorbid conditions associated with undiagnosed ADHD. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD is an early onset, neurobiological disorder involving inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Until recently, experts believed it was a childhood disorder that remitted in adolescence and adulthood. Although the hyperactivity that leads to behavioral problems does tend to abate during adolescence, recent studies indicate that the inattention and impulsivity continue into adulthood, making adult ADHD a valid diagnosis. In 1902, Dr. George Frederic Still, a British pediatrician, recognized the disorder we now refer to as ADHD (Hallowell & Ratey, 1994). Dr. Still described children who were hyperkinetic, unruly, and hard to control, and suggested that the disorder was either biological or the result of perinatal injury. Over the next few decades, the disorder was referred to as hyperkinetic syndrome, minimal brain dysfunction, physiologic hyperactivity--all terms that describe it as a problem associated with overactivity, impulsivity, and motor function. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-II) (American Psychological Association [APA], 1968) referred to it as Hyperkinetic Reaction of Childhood, again stressing the motor component. DSM-III (APA, 1980) bifurcated the disorder: ADD with hyperactivity and ADD without hyperactivity. The DSM-III-R (APA, 1987), however, returned to a one-dimensional paradigm, lumping together varying degrees of hyperactivity and impulsivity. …

Football barriers – Aboriginal under‐representation and disconnection from the ‘world game’

Indigenous Australians have had some great successes in Australian football and rugby. However, this success has not been mirrored in the ‘world game’, soccer. This study examines the reasons for such under‐representation in Australia. The barriers to access to soccer were a combination of racist government policy which restricted the movement of Aboriginal people, and thus their opportunities to engage with a game that was not located near the isolated reserves in which they were held. The most successful Aboriginal players were fortunate that their circumstances placed them in close proximity to locales that were soccer strongholds. Moreover, the multicultural environment of post‐Second World War Australian soccer provided these players a haven from the prejudice and racism of wider Australian society. The fact that soccer itself faced obstacles of acceptance in mainstream Australian sporting culture also impeded an Aboriginal presence. However, in recent years, several players have broken through to play in the national league and gain national representative honours.

LAYARD ENTERPRISE: VICTORIAN ARCHAEOLOGY AND INFORMAL IMPERIALISM IN MESOPOTAMIA

Through an analysis of Foreign Office (FO) memoranda dealing with the “recovery” of Assyrian artifacts, I argue that archaeology served important diplomatic and propagandistic functions in the eastern Ottoman Empire in the years leading up to the Crimean War. Dovetailing excavation with imperial issues of defending national honor, securing commercial markets, deploying troops, and even spying, these documents represent an underground genealogy for Austen Henry Layard, the key British agent in the FO's secret plot to transport archaeological trophies to London. This evidence implicitly challenges the romantic narrative of discovery and the paternalistic ideology of Western stewardship so firmly embedded in narrative histories of British Assyriology. Comparing the Victorian experience with a contemporary instance of archaeological propaganda—the playing cards issued by the U.S. Department of Defense to troops stationed in Iraq as part of a 2007 training program in archaeological stewardship—this essay contends that archaeology continues to rationalize Western imperialism in Mesopotamia.

Award-Winning Political Science Faculty, Academic Year 2007–2008

APSA is pleased to recognize political science faculty members who received campus-wide and department awards for teaching excellence during the 2007–2008 academic year. APSA, Rowman Littlefield Publishers, and Pi Sigma Alpha, the national political science honor society, recognize award-winning faculty members each year at the Reception Honoring Teaching at the APSA Annual Meeting. Recognized faculty members receive a certificate noting their accomplishment and their awards are announced in PS and on the APSA web site.

'Imperial Reason', National Honour and New Patriarchal Compacts in early twentieth-century India

During the interwar period, when the Indian masses came under the influence of Gandhian nationalism, some decisions of the colonial government in the international arena revealed that imperial concerns would willingly be subordinated to the demands of a nationalist leadership. The confidence which colonial military authorities in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century had brought to plans for the control and containment of venereal disease among British subalterns in India gave way to compromise claiming a more assertive national honour. If military authorities in India (and elsewhere) were earlier concerned with the medical threat posed to white subalterns by diseased ‘native’ women, by the interwar period the focus of colonial anxiety was on the moral threat to racial order, posed by the appearance (and representation) of the sexualized white woman in the colonies before an indiscriminate ‘native’ eye. This inversion can only be understood by relating imperial concerns to nationalist political initiatives. The article discusses four separate moments in a period of transition in the Princely State of Mysore from the late nineteenth century to the 1930s, when crucial questions of masculinity and national honour came to be resolved by both colonial authorities and Indian elites in the quest to recast or preserve family honour and racial purity. Throughout the late nineteenth century colonial anxieties about the sexual health of the British subalterns in India gave rise to a series of measures which promoted and regulated Indian prostitutes. In the late nineteenth century, Mysore bureaucrats set about limiting and finally prohibiting the practice of dance in Hindu temples in the name of protecting family and religious honour. In the interwar period, there was an ironic reversal of these positions, as British colonial authorities, hard-pressed to preserve racial honour through the prohibition of white slavery in India, were compelled to defend the ‘trafficking’ of women in India, even as the nationalist elite attempted to cleanse national honour and save the victims of prostitution.

Renegotiating the Self: Recovery and Restoration—The ‘Gendered’ Histories of Partition

The paper examines the life histories of women who faced the worst of violence, abduction and then forced recovery and restoration during and after Partition. The entire process brings to the surface the place that women's sexuality occupies in a largely patriarchal world, as women become the repositories of national, communitarian and familial honour It attempts to study the conflicting and ambiguous relationships between the state, social workers and women to be recovered and between the women and their families and raises serious questions on Indian state's definition of itself as ‘secular’ and ‘democratic’

Taslim Olawale Elias (1914–1991): A Biographical Note

Taslim Olawale Elias's intellectual and juristic legacy remains unparalleled in many material respects. He left a remarkable body of work, as an African legal scholar in London in the years between the late 1940s and Nigerian independence, as a legal administrator while he served as Nigeria's first Attorney General and Minister for Justice, among his achievements as the dean of the new faculty of law at the University of Lagos, and as a national and international judge. Born on 11 November 1914 in Lagos, Nigeria, into a family of merchants, he began formal schooling at the age of 12, a fact that was greatly overshadowed by a prodigious academic performance and by the plethora of distinctions and accolades (including sixteen honorary degrees in four continents and a host of national and international honours) that he would acquire during his indefatigable study and practice of the law, and in his contributions to its evolution.

Report of the Honors Committee, 2007

Report of the Honors Committee, 2007 Scott Curtis The Honors Committee of the Southeastern Division of the Association of American Geographers (SEDAAG) each year recognizes outstanding student and faculty achievements. Serving on the 2007 committee were: Scott Curtis, chair (East Carolina University); Joby Bass, chair-elect (University of Southern Mississippi), Michael Harrison (University of Richmond), Ronald Kalafsky (University of Tennessee), and Robert Yarbrough (Georgia Southern University). The 2007 Honors Committee congratulates the following individuals who received awards at the recent annual SEDAAG meeting in Charleston, South Carolina. Lifetime Achievement Award The Lifetime Achievement Award honors individuals with an extensive record of research and publication, excellence in teaching and advising, service, and lasting contributions to the geography profession. The Honors Committee designated Professor Stephen J. Walsh for the 2007 award. Dr. Walsh received his Ph.D. from Oregon State University. Upon graduation in 1977 he was hired as an assistant professor at Oklahoma State University. He was promoted to associate professor in 1981 and joined the faculty at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill in 1986. Dr. Walsh was promoted to full professor in 1991 and in 1995 established the Carolina Population Center. His research is focused on geographic information science applications of human-environment interactions and land use change. His productivity is nothing short of amazing, having published over 200 refereed articles. His recent first-author credits include three chapters in the Encyclopedia of Environment and Society, and two articles in Geo-Forum on the application of complexity theory in human-natural systems. In the last five years alone he received over 2 million dollars in grant funding from agencies such as NASA, NSF, NIH, and the Mellon Foundation. Dr. Walsh has received numerous awards and honors in his distinguished career. In 2006 he was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science for “substantive landscape characterization and spatial analysis through remote sensing and geographic information science.” He is a strong proponent of SEDAAG, serving as President from 2003–2005. Dr. Walsh was previously awarded SEDAAG’s Research Honors Award (1999), and was recognized by the Association of American Geographers (AAG) with the National Honors for Distinguished Scholarship (2001). Finally, Dr. Walsh is praised as the model researcher-teacher. One of his referees notes that his “students [affectionately known as Labrats] publish regularly, get grants, win awards, get jobs at major universities, and perhaps most important, [End Page 139] they become well-trained and successful scientists who ask the right questions.” Research Honors Award Recipients of the Research Honors Award demonstrate abundant evidence of quality publications and research leadership at both the institutional and organizational level. The 2007 recipient of the award is Professor Ann M. Oberhauser. Dr. Oberhauser received a BA from Carleton College and MA and Ph.D. in Geography from Clark University. After a brief time at the University of Toledo as an adjunct professor, Dr. Oberhauser has spent the majority of her career at West Virginia University (WVU), where she is now a full professor. Dr. Oberhauser has over 40 publications and book reviews; she is the first or sole author of the majority of these. Included among these publications are several book chapters in important edited volumes such as Geography in America at the Dawn of the 21st Century and A Companion to Economic Geography. She has won NSF research grants, and multiple WVU research and teaching awards. Further, Dr. Oberhauser has presented her work at nearly 50 regional, national, and international conferences and educational institutions. Dr. Oberhauser is cited as “one of the leading feminist geographers of the AAG” and “among the most important scholars of feminist geography in the world today.” As one referee notes, “her research interests are also woven into the courses she teaches, the way in which she mentors students, and her feminist activism within Geography.” Evidence for this can be found in her service as Chair of the AAG Committee on the Status of Women in Geography, membership on the Committee on the Status of Women in Geography in SEDAAG, membership on WVU’s Advisory Council for the Center for Women’s Studies, contributions to the feminist pedagogy literature, and the quality of...