National Citizenship Research Articles

Gauging Opinions About the Citizenship Amendment Act and NRC

Today, the advent of social media has provided a platform for expressing opinions regarding legislation and public schemes. One such burning legislation introduced in India is the Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) and its impact on the National Citizenship Register (NRC) and, subsequently, on the National Population Register (NPR). This study examines and determines the opinions expressed on social media regarding the act through a Twitter analysis approach that extracts nearly 18,000 tweets during 10 days of introducing the scheme. The analysis revealed that the opinion was neutral but tended to a more negative reaction. Consequently, recommendations on improving public perception about the scheme by suitable for interpreting the Act to the public are provided in the paper.

Brief Synopses of New Arabic-Language Publications

Brief Synopses of New Arabic-Language Publications

THE ROLE OF THE TEACHER IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS' CHARACTERS IN SDIT BINA UMAT: Peran Guru dalam mengembangkan Karakter Siswa

The existence of education is a profession in the world of education that processes learning by teachers, especially PAI teachers who direct the understanding of the learning to students or students in an effort to educate, invite, call upon, and deliver the nation's citizens to a happy life path, both the benefits of life in the world and in the hereafter. The urgency of moral development has a relationship with the existence of teachers as educators in schools. The moral development of students through the professionalism of teachers, there must be demands to guide students in the development of understanding related to Islamic teachings, calling for goodness and forbidding from evil so that students will realize goodness as productive human beings. This research uses descriptive qualitative research, with data collection methods namely observation, interviews, and documentation data collection at the research location, with the object of research being the Integrated Islamic Elementary School (SDIT) Bina Ummat Buru by determining informants who come from teachers and participants. educate. The main problem of this research is the teacher's role in fostering the morals of students at SDIT Bina Ummat Buru. The results of this study indicate that the moral development of students cannot be separated from the role of SDIT Bina Ummat teachers in the coaching process. While the supporting and inhibiting factors for the moral development of SDIT Bina Ummat Buru students are more dominant supporting factors that facilitate the process of fostering the morals of students, compared to the inhibiting factors which can be said to be non-existent. The moral development program implemented by the school in terms of worshiping Allah SWT, and following the example of the sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, establishing good relations between fellow human beings, and implementing programs to improve the quality of Islamic education through learning, all of which have become a culture of habituation in character or attitude. and actions of students at SDIT Bina Ummat Buru. Keywords: teacher; students at SDIT Bina Ummat Buru,

Formulation Of Beta Capm Index With Weighted Average Methods And Market Risk Comparison Of Listed Banks During Post-Global Crisis Period 2011-2020

In emerging markets such as Vietnam, stock markets has been developing with fast growth and implies risk, hence, we need to focus on risk management strategies. One of this study’s purposes is to state formulation of weighted beta Capm index, a development from traditional beta Capm formula by Sharpe (1964) and Lintner (1965). We chose 3 cases of market risk measures in listed banks in Vietnam including ACB – Asia commercial bank, NVB- Navibank (later became National citizen bank NCB) and Weighted beta index. We also select the post-global crisis time 2011-2020 in the survey to conduct market risk comparison among Vietnam banks. By using OLS regression which is a reliable method, our research results tell that ror internal effects, we see that CPI has negative correlation and IN has positive correlation with beta in all 3 cases (weighted beta, NVB beta and ACB beta). In addition to, CPI, G, R anf Rf have higher impacts on beta values. Therefore, our study can be expanded for other markets.

Risking Immeasurable Harm: Immigration Restriction and US-Mexican Diplomatic Relations, 1924–1932

In Risking Immeasurable Harm, Benjamin Montoya examines the factors behind, and the response to, a campaign in the United States during the late 1920s and early 1930s to impose tough restrictions on Mexican immigration. Though measures enacted between 1917 and 1924 had significantly curtailed the flow of migrants to the United States from Europe and Asia, the national quotas introduced by this legislation did not apply to the countries of the Western Hemisphere. A concern over Mexican immigration in particular—fueled largely, as Montoya shows, by the view that Mexican migrants were racially inferior and unassimilable—prompted restrictionists to seek to remedy this omission. Calls by some legislators for an extension of the quota were opposed by the State Department, which argued that such a move would damage an improving relationship with Mexico's postrevolutionary government. In a bid to defuse congressional efforts to write new limits on Mexican immigration into law, consular officials resorted to “administrative restriction”—the much stricter application of existing rules and regulations—to bring about a substantial reduction in the legal cross-border movement of Mexican workers. With the successful application of this strategy, followed by a reversal in the flow of migrants with the massive repatriation of Mexicans during the early years of the Great Depression, the push for additional legal curbs on Mexican immigration dissipated, and a potential crisis in bilateral relations was averted.Montoya's study captures a moment at which immigration was at once becoming increasingly prominent as a domestic political issue and emerging as a phenomenon that could affect relationships between states. He provides a valuable account of the way in which the United States resisted acknowledging that immigration could be a legitimate foreign policy issue, insisting to other governments that bilateral or multilateral approaches to managing migration would impinge on US sovereignty to an unacceptable extent. Nonetheless, top officials such as Secretary of State Frank Kellogg were mindful of the potential consequences for US foreign relations of a less welcoming immigration regime for citizens of Mexico and other American nations. Indeed, Kellogg told a Senate committee in 1928 that the introduction of a quota would “adversely affect the present good relations” enjoyed by the United States across the Western Hemisphere and that it would be especially unfortunate to imperil an improved relationship with Mexico that was “a source of considerable satisfaction to [the US] government” (pp. 75–76).A central contention of Risking Immeasurable Harm is that it was largely “diplomatic pressure”—rather than economic considerations—that “prevented congressional efforts to curb Mexican immigration” (p. 1). There is little evidence, however, that Mexican diplomatic representations or activism by Mexican officials had a significant bearing on the course or outcome of the debate over immigration restriction. Though Foreign Minister Genaro Estrada is said to have warned US ambassador Dwight Morrow that the imposition of a quota would give rise to “considerable feeling” on the part of the Mexican people, Mexican leaders generally accepted the right of the US government to regulate immigration as it saw fit and were ambivalent about the phenomenon of migration to the United States in any case (p. 89). US officials recognized, however, that Mexican public opinion would deeply resent the insult of an immigration quota that was justified on the grounds of the supposed inferiority and undesirability of the Mexican people. (It is noteworthy that Montoya's citations of Mexican press comment on proposals for immigration restriction show that he encountered the relevant clippings in US diplomatic files, giving an indication of the way in which US officials monitored and assessed Mexican views on the issue.) Administrative restriction was therefore seen as a preferable way to assuage congressional concerns. Though the effect—a massive reduction in Mexican immigration—was the same, the rigid application of literacy, health, and passport requirements did not carry with it the same relationship-damaging sting of legislation founded on an assertion of racial superiority.Risking Immeasurable Harm draws on significant research in both US and Mexican archives to provide original analysis of an early and little-known episode in the history of immigration as an issue in the relationship between the two countries. (Perhaps unsurprisingly given the focus on a policy debate centered in Washington, there is a greater reliance on US sources than Mexican ones, and engagement with relevant secondary literature in Spanish is limited.) For historians of US foreign policy, this book also provides a fascinating early case study of an executive branch effort to avoid having constraints placed by Congress on its ability to conduct foreign relations.

Trump and US soft power

ABSTRACT President Trump’s leadership style departed from any other presidents in the US. Trump’s unconventional speeches, offhanded remarks, and unilateral foreign policies raised concerns among politicians and citizens around the world. This article examines perceptions of global citizens of President Trump’s leadership from his personality and policy perspectives as well as their damaging effects on US soft power. According to the analysis of the 2017 Pew Research Center’s global attitudes project, respondents from the majority of countries in the sample regard Trump’s leadership negatively, the effects mostly driven by Trump’s own personality traits. Trump’s divergent policies concerning critical global issues – the environment, immigration, Iran deal, trade relations, and religion – further curtail the favorability rating of the US and deepen anti-Americanism among citizens in other nations.

Andrea Dyrness and Enrique Sepúlveda III, Border Thinking: LatinX Youth: Decolonizing Citizenship

Reviewed by: Border Thinking: LatinX Youth: Decolonizing Citizenship by Andrea Dyrness and Enrique Sepúlveda III Gabriela Buitrón Vera (bio) Andrea Dyrness and Enrique Sepúlveda III, Border Thinking: LatinX Youth: Decolonizing Citizenship. University of Minnesota Press, 2020. Pp. 278. In Border Thinking, Andrea Dyrness and Enrique Sepúlveda III examine the ways Latinx diasporic youth dismantle rigid notions of citizenship. The book exposes how colonial discourses of the West cast Latino youth as either threats to the nation or unable to assimilate into discourses of the nation-state. Dyrness and Sepúlveda challenge such binary narratives by drawing from decolonial, Chicano, feminist theory, and participatory action research, as they contend that “diasporic youths’ connection to homeland and host countries offers them a critical perspective on national citizenship” (10). Border Thinking proposes that Latinx diasporic youth are well-equipped to redefine citizenship, particularly through the nurturing of their democratic yearnings and critical perspectives within pedagogic spheres and collective action. The book’s makeup reflects various Latino diasporic youth experiences with migration (in Latin America, the US, the Caribbean, and Spain),1 and studies how experiences with migration give diasporic youth new perspectives in decolonizing citizenship. Dyrness and Sepúlveda examine these perspectives by drawing on an array of active participatory research practices. These methods of engagement include “testimonio, poetry, participatory research, role play, interviews group [End Page 277] dialogues, identity mapping, and more” (28). These methods help diasporic youth reflect on their personal experiences and connect that knowledge to the political and the communal. Border Thinking’s five well-connected chapters present acompañamiento (borderlands allyship) in the form of pedagogic or activist solidarity that generate la facultad, “the capacity to see in surface phenomena, the meaning of deeper realities.”2 Chapter 1, “Acompañamiento in the Borderlands,” for instance, examines the role of humanizing pedagogy. Drawing from thinkers like Freire, Valenzuela, Valencia, and Spring, this chapter challenges rigid notions of nation-state narratives of Otherness. The chapter addresses Mexican migrant youth experiences navigating high school in a Northern California institution. Later, it highlights how educators who are not trained to be borderland allies can reproduce a system of marginalization that casts their students as uncultured and problematic, instead of agents of change. Dyrness and Sepúlveda assert that it is through acts of acompañamiento that educators and borderland brokers honor the stories and complexities of the Latino diasporic youth. One way of honoring these rich cultural complexities, the chapter claims, is by decentering educational achievements as the only measure of success. Chapter 2, “In the Shadow of the U.S. Empire,” explores the impact of the US interventions in the lives of youth from El Salvador. Using an ethnographic lens, this chapter examines how two schools in San Salvador introduce or omit notions of citizenship in the classroom. Significantly, what Dyrness and Sepúlveda observed is that in both schools (an elite and a low-income institution) students were socialized to imagine themselves as either neoliberal entrepreneurs or future undocumented or TPS holders in the US. These forced classifications damaged students’ sense of self because they were led to imagine a future of dispossession. Yet, through participatory research practices, Dyrness and Sepúlveda challenged these binaries, and students voiced their democratic yearnings and articulated desires for their future through communal dialogue. The disciplining narratives of Spanish nationalism on immigrant youth identities (156) are explored in chapter 3, “Negotiating Race and the Politics of Integration.” This chapter specifically examines how diasporic youth negotiate race and politics of integration in Madrid. To analyze this, Dyrness and Sepúlveda conducted citizenship workshops for diasporic youth. The participatory methods they used helped migrant youth articulate the frictions they faced with educators and national discourses that explicitly denied racialized conflicts. This chapter sheds light on how immigrant youths’ experiences with racism were silenced and misunderstood by national and official discourses, rendering them as problematic or unable to assimilate. Chapter 4, “Transnational Belonging,” likewise, analyzes how Latinx youth migration narratives challenged nation-state binary discourses. The diasporic youths’ comprehension of their fluid identities becomes crucial to [End Page 278] challenging rigid notion of citizenship. The final chapter, “Feminists in Transition,” inspects how transnational...

Varieties of citizenship in regional organisations: A cross-regional comparison of rights, access, and belonging

This paper explores the variation of citizenship in eight regional organisations (ROs). Since the 1980s, ROs have increasingly served as spaces for developing, regulating, and providing citizenship. However, current literature primarily takes a rights-based approach and focuses on a narrow set of cases without providing an account for the variation of citizenship in ROs. This paper offers a broad, conceptual approach to the study of regional citizenship and deploys a three-tiered conceptual framework consisting of rights, access, and belonging, to analyse how citizenship varies across different ROs. It challenges the current theorisation of regional citizenship, which is primarily rooted in the study of the EU’s rights-based approach. The analysis contributes to citizenship studies and comparative regionalism. It shows how citizenship varies across ROs, thus providing the first comprehensive cross-regional comparison. The empirical findings lead to the following insights. First, citizenship in regional organisations can be conceptualised as constitutional or practice-based. Second, there are different pathways to regional citizenship where practices might precede law or where citizenship in ROs remains a practice-based concept. Third, there is variation in the link between national and regional citizenship and how ROs provide access to regional citizenship.

AKSES PENDIDIKAN MASYARAKAT URBAN PASCA PENERAPAN SISTEM ZONASI DI SURABAYA

This research will discuss about access to urban community education after the Implementation of the zoning system, this study departs from the number of urban communities living on the railroad banks in Ketintang, Surabaya. The purpose of this study is to determine access to education for urban communities related to values, and patterns of action constructed by urban communities in accessing formal education from pre to post implementation of the zoning system policy. This research will be dissected using social construction theory with externalization, objectivation and internalization processes proposed by Peter L Berger with a qualitative descriptive approach. The result of this study is that access to education has turned into a zoning system, making it difficult for urban communities who have a residency status because the country's schools limit quotas and prioritize native citizens of Surabaya.

Equity in the Use of Health Care Services by Immigrants in the Spanish National Health Care System

The increasing proportion of immigrants in the Spanish society is creating pressures for the National Health Care System to accommodate the needs of this population group while keeping their costs under control. The Spanish health care system establishes that all people, regardless of their nationality, should be entitled to use health care services with the same conditions as Spanish citizens provided that they are registered in the local population census. Empirical evidence about differences in health status or utilisation between immigrant and Spanish-born population is however insufficient. This study uses the 2003 Spanish National Health Survey to explore whether non-Spaniards, for the same level of need, use health care services at the same rate as national citizens. The findings suggest that the nationality of an individual is an important predictor of health care utilisation, independent of other factors. These results may indicate horizontal inequity in the utilisation of health care with respect to nationality.

Unfolding Jellyfish Bloom Dynamics along the Mediterranean Basin by Transnational Citizen Science Initiatives

Science is addressing global societal challenges, and due to limitations in research financing, scientists are turning to the public at large to jointly tackle specific environmental issues. Citizens are therefore increasingly involved in monitoring programs, appointed as citizen scientists with potential to delivering key data at near to no cost to address environmental challenges, therein fostering scientific knowledge and advising policy- and decision-makers. One of the first and most successful examples of marine citizen science in the Mediterranean is represented by the integrative and collaborative implementation of several jellyfish-spotting campaigns in Italy, Spain, Malta, and Tunisia starting in 2009. Altogether, in terms of time coverage, geographic extent, and number of citizen records, these represent the most effective marine citizen science campaigns thus far implemented in the Mediterranean Sea. Here, we analyzed a collective database merging records over the above four countries, featuring more than 100,000 records containing almost 25,000 observations of jellyfish specimens collected over a period of 3 to 7 years (from 2009 to 2015) by citizen scientists participating in any of the national citizen science programs included in this analysis. Such a wide citizen science exercise demonstrates a valuable and cost-effective tool to understanding ecological drivers of jellyfish proliferation over the Western and Central Mediterranean basins, as well as a powerful contribution to developing tailored adaptation and management strategies; mitigating jellyfish impacts on human activities in coastal zones; and supporting implementation of marine spatial planning, Blue Growth, and conservation strategies.

Formy współdziałania Służby Bezpieczeństwa Polskiej Rzeczypospolitej Ludowej i Komitetu Bezpieczeństwa Państwowego Związku Radzieckiego „na odcinku” ukraińskim w latach 1956–1989

Due to its international aspect, the Ukrainian issue became the subject of cooperation between the Security Service (SB) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MSW) of the Polish People’s Republic (PRL) and the State Security Committee (KGB) of the Soviet Union. Cooperation involved counterintelligence services, departments to destroy the political opposition and the so-called ideological and political subversion, and departments controlling religious life. In the first half of the 1970s, the Management of Special Departments of the KGB at the Northern Group of Soviet Forces (in Poland) also took part in special operations against Ukrainians. The design of joint operational activities as well as the exchange of views and information was facilitated by working meetings organized in capital cities and at border crossings. One of the first documented meetings on the Ukrainian question after the period of the political “thaw” was held in May 1958, and the last, most likely at the turn of 1988 and 1989, in Minsk, Belarus. The basic areas of cooperation include: surveillance and disintegration of Ukrainian emigration (mainly rival factions of the nationalist movement), prosecuting Ukrainian war criminals and collaborators who avoided responsibility, surveillance of Ukrainian citizens of the Polish People’s Republic suspected of carrying out “nationalist activities”, signaling threats to the security of the state generated by Ukrainian population as well as standard completion and verification of archival materials concerning the controlled persons. The operational activities of the secret services of Poland and the Soviet Union required the involvement of so-called personal information sources, i.e. secret collaborators. They were Polish and Soviet citizens of Ukrainian nationality, with numerous relatives and friends in Poland, the Soviet Union and Western countries. This allowed them to cross state borders, despite restrictive passport regulations. The Security Service recruited them to cooperate by threatening with imprisonment, embarrassment, and dismissal from work or studies. Support was also offered in finding a job or a flat, and it was also possible to renew contacts with relatives abroad. These were effective tools for manipulating agents.

Building Better Risk Management Information System (RMIS) for Sustainable Bank Management in Vietnam

Recently the roles of building a risk management information system in commercial banks in Vietnam has been becoming necessary during Covid 19 effects. This study mainly use combination of quantitative methods and qualitative methods including synthesis, inductive and explanatory methods. We analyze rism management and risk evaluation in case of one big listed bank in Vietnam, Navibank (NVB) who became National Citizen Bank later (NCB). We figure out that CPI, lending rate and VNIndex have negative correlation with both beta CAPM and stock price of NVB. And these risk results and models can be delivered to suitable users in a management information system (MIS).

Onward migration: An introduction

Onward migration: An introduction

En performers død.

The grave as a place of being for the identity and the national citizen in Das Beckwerk’s political performance Funus Imaginarium (2010) disposes its focus like a mise en abyme construction on the consequence of the hunger artist’s theatricalised concept of authorship, which is expressed as the death of a performer. The mimed ritual of the performance expands the notion of the relationship between participant and spectator into a dance macabre of critical and tragic-comical character. Through Funus Imaginarium the notion of mimesis has re-enchanted the performance in a new political frame with reference to Sofocle’s Antigone and the Roman funeral ritual ceremony.

The Local-National Gap in Intergroup Attitudes and Far-Right Underperformance in Local Elections

The far right typically performs worse in local elections than in national ones. We propose that a key reason for this underperformance is the difference in how intergroup attitudes manifest and are informed in local and national settings. We document the existence of a local-national gap in intergroup attitudes through survey experiments and open-ended survey questions that randomly vary whether study-participants are asked about the national or the local setting. In the first experiment, we find a substantial local-national gap, where the influx of refugees during the refugee crisis was seen as instigating changes in the national setting, but rarely locally. In the second experiment, we investigate the perceived amount and nature of public discussions about refugees and immigration. We again find a substantial local-national gap. Compared to discussions in the local setting, there is a perception of more discussion in the national setting, and the nature of those discussions are perceived as more heated, conflictual, and biased than local discussions. We also find a local-national gap in information sources about refugees and immigration in a final study. In local questions, native citizens are more likely to rely on everyday experiences and social networks. In national questions, they are more likely to rely on media representations. These local-national gaps are seen in urban, suburban, and rural areas. Importantly, we also find the gap among respondents who had an asylum seeker center established in their local community recently. The local-national gaps in intergroup attitudes revealed here can account for patterns in far-right electoral performance that so far have remained puzzling, and they deserve further attention in future research both in political science and social psychology.

제국의 시민권: 2020년과 19세기 영국문학 연구

This essay examines recent scholarship on imperialism and citizenship in nineteenth-century British literature. Against the backdrop of the coronavirus pandemic and the Black Lives Matter Movement of 2020, events that prompted worldwide discussions on citizenship rights and racial (in)justice, this essay interrogates the relative scarcity of scholarship on citizenship in the subfield of nineteenth-century British literature. Drawing on the postcolonial insight of the North American journal Victorian Studies’s widely-discussed special issue for Spring 2020 titled “Undisciplining Victorian Studies,” this essay argues that studies on nineteenth-century citizenship requires an interdisciplinary approach connecting the achievements of diverse disciplines encompassing history, political science, sociology, and more. In the nineteenth century, the British people understood themselves as “British subjects” rather than citizens, which was not yet a concept fully legally embraced though the definition of citizenship was being actively developed in other contexts. Historically, discussions of British national citizenship focused on suffrage, which inevitably emphasized class as the central question. This essay proposes that gender and race deserve more scholarly attention, especially through an expanded understanding of a British imperial citizenship that can encompass more kinds of social belonging beyond the right to vote. The essay concludes by raising the the question of academic citizenship in order to highlight the importance of the inclusion and participation of scholars from both formerly colonized parts of the world and outside the British Empire.

No Trends in the Age of Peak Performance among the Best Half-Marathoners and Marathoners in the World between 1997-2020.

Background and Objectives: We examined the possible trend in the age of peak performance in elite endurance athletes according to sex, continent of athletes’ national citizenship, and ranking position. Since performance is a multifactorial trait, this information can be used to guide the long-term training and to plan the strategies related to the selection process of athletes. Materials and methods: Information of 1852 professional athletes, classified as top 20 performance of each year in marathon and half-marathon events between 1997 and 2020 were considered. Analysis of variance was computed to test differences in age between sex, continent, and rank position. Results: A significant difference between groups in the mean age of peak performance was observed (F (3, 1884) = 42,31; p < 0.001). For both sexes, half-marathoners were younger than marathoners (male, 25.6 ± 3.6 years vs. 28.0 ± 3.9 years; female, 27.5 ± 4.4 years vs. 28.4 ± 4.1). Female half-marathoners in 2004 presented the highest mean age (31.1 ± 4.8 years) compared to their peers in the years 1997, 2001, 2018 and 2019; among male half-marathoners, those in 1999 presented the highest mean age when compared to 2011, 2018, and 2019. Differences between the continents of athletes’ national citizenship were observed (F (4, 1884) = 62,85,601; p < 0,001). Asian runners presented the lowest mean age (26.5 ± 3.7 years), while their European peers presented the highest (31.1 ± 3.9 years). No significant interaction between sex and ranking position was verified. Differences were observed between sexes for categories “4th–10th positions” and “11th–20th” (F (1, 1879) = 23,114; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Over the last two decades, no clear trend was observed in the changes in the age of peak performance among endurance athletes of both sexes, but, in general, female half-marathoners tended to be significantly older than their male peers.

Against the Flow: Differentiating Between Public Opposition to the Immigration Stock and Flow

AbstractVast research on immigration lumps together native citizens' attitudes toward two different groups: the immigrant stock of non-naturalized resident aliens, and the immigrant flow, that is, the future arrival of foreigners seeking to enter and live in the country. Does popular opposition to immigration distinguish between the two, and if so, how? This article analyzes theoretically the reasons the stock and flow might induce different views among natives, and presents experimental evidence from the United States showing that natives are systematically more accepting of the former. The analysis indicates that this ‘stock premium’ partly stems from a sense of moral obligation toward people residing in the country. Replicating two widely cited experiments, the study shows that the stock–flow distinction has important implications for the interpretation of earlier findings on immigration attitudes, and for understanding voter preferences regarding policies designed to curtail immigration.

Gendered Perceptions of Odd and Even Numbers: An Implicit Association Study From Arabic Culture.

Previous studies conducted in the United States indicate that people associate numbers with gender, such that odd numbers are more likely to be considered male and even numbers considered female. It has been argued that this number gendering phenomenon is acquired through social learning and conditioning, and that male-odd/female-even associations reflect a general, cross-cultural human consensus on gender roles relating to agency and communion. However, the incidence and pattern of number gendering in cultures outside the United States remains to be established. Against this background, the purpose of this study was to determine whether people from a culture and country very different from the United States (specifically, native Arabic citizens living in the Arabic culture of the United Arab Emirates) also associate numbers with gender, and, if they do, whether the pattern of these associations is the male-odd/female-even associations previously observed. To investigate this issue, we adopted the Implicit Association Test used frequently in previous research, where associations between numbers (odd and even) and gender (male and female faces) were examined using male and female Arabic participants native to, and resident in, the United Arab Emirates. The findings indicated that the association of numbers with gender does occur in Arabic culture. But while Arabic females associated odd numbers with male faces and even numbers with female faces (the pattern of previous findings in the United States), Arabic males showed the reversed pattern of gender associations, associating even numbers with male faces and odd numbers with female faces. These findings support the view that number gendering is indeed a cross-cultural phenomenon and show that the phenomenon occurs across very different countries and cultures. But the findings also suggest that the pattern with which numbers are associated with gender is not universal and, instead, reflects culture-specific views on gender roles which may change across cultures and gender. Further implications for understanding the association of numbers with gender across human societies are discussed.