Narrative Inquiry Method Research Articles

Public Health Institutions and Major Epidemic Prevention and Control—Narrative Analysis Based on American CDC Control of Ebola Virus

In the past 10 years, various sudden public outbreaks of diseases worldwide have posed great threats to the economic and social development of countries. However, there is a lack of case studies and empirical studies on the fight against major outbreaks in foreign public health institutions. Based on a review of classical materials and narrative research methods, this study combs the institutional profile, function allocation, and funding input of the American Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and focuses on the CDC’s important measures and experiences in preventing and controlling the Ebola virus in West Africa during 2014–2015. According to the research, the main characteristics of CDC’s epidemic prevention and control in the United States are effective organizational structure and system, as well as the abilities of emergency management of rapid response. Furthermore, these two advantages and characteristics have penetrated the construction of the incident management system, adoption of specialized technical means and tools, and wide cooperation network and organizational coordination. Accordingly, the enlightenment of public health institutions regarding “epidemic prevention” and “anti-epidemic” is proposed from two aspects: system construction and ability enhancement.

Learning pronunciation components using u-dictionary application for a university student

he topic of this study is about the use of U-Dictionary application in learning pronunciation components to the high-level student in intelligibility principles in order to get an understandable conversation in speaking practice. The research questions are asking about the way of using the U-Dictionary application in assisting a student in learning pronunciation components and how are her responses based on the tripartite model from Rosenberg and Havland (1960); affect, behavior, and cognition. The participant is a student in the fourth semester of university in Karawang and the data has been collected by an interview based on the Narrative Inquiry method from Clandinin and Connelly (2000). The finding showed that the application can assist her in learning pronunciation components especially for segmental features such as vowel and consonant and supra-segmental ones in intonation. In short, the U-Dictionary Application can help a student in learning pronunciation components even for supra-segmental features only one aspect existed.

A narrative study on the life of organ procurement coordinator

Background: Organ procurement coordinators (OPC) are the first person to approach the family when a potential brain death pa tient is referred and play a key role in attracting the donation of organs and the family's consent. Thus, it is necessary to listen to their real stories and to understand their experience. Methods: This study used a narrative inquiry method developed by Clandinin and Connelly (2000) as a method to inquire the lives of OPC and to understand the meaning of such an experience. Three coordinators who have been worked at Korea Organ Dona tion Agency as a coordinator for more than 3 years and are working in Youngnam region. Data collection was done for 3 months from May 2019 to August 2019. Results: The meaning of their relationship with organ families were that in their first encounter with donor family, they are trying their best to sympathize with their pain, to support them emotionally, and to relieve their pain. However, there was a conflict over what seemed to be trying to persuade organ donation by coordinator and a negative perception about organ donation. About re lationship with the hospital include the confusion about working place where they have to move to a different hospital every day and the conflict with the hospital staff. Conclusions: This study was conducted to understand the experience of OPC through narrative inquiry. We tried to understand the work of OPC by approaching the whole course of their life comprehensively, not as a part of task and to understand the vivid experience of the OPC. The result of this study can be used as a basic data for the direction and design of future studies.

Use of social media as a means of improving English skills

Background: Each user has their smartphone to do communication. The user tends to use social media to communicate each other. Now in pandemic of COVID 19, the teachers do mostly communication to the students and/or to the expatriate teacher are using English.
 Purpose: This study is aim to reveal on teacher perspective on what extent that the social media help them to enrich the English skills.
 Design and methods: This study is conducted by using narrative inquiry method. The narrative inquiry method aims to reveal certain topic referring to stories and/or experiences. There are 9 participants who works as teacher at international schools at Tangerang. The participants’ selection is using purposive sampling strategy as knowing the participants will give their stories to only their close friend. The data is validated by triangulation of data source technique. The triangulation of data source technique is done by crosschecking the data among participants’ responses.
 Results: This study revealed that social websites and the content of media give more impact to the improvement of English skills of the teachers. This research recommends to investigate a certain categories social media on specific skills and/or to investigate a certain platform in promoting the English learning process.

Reflections on ‘doing’ participatory data analysis with women experiencing long-term homelessness

This paper draws on the lessons learned from the [in]visible project, a community-based research partnership that aimed to learn more about the experiences of women, without children in their care, who experience chronic homelessness in Hamilton, Ontario. Through involving 70 women as participants, we used narrative and arts-based research methods to learn about the experiences and housing needs of this population. The purpose of the [in]visible project was to involve women in identifying gaps in housing services and generate recommendations on how permanent housing for women should be developed. This paper demonstrates how the participation of the women in three distinct data analysis activities including arts-based think tanks, participatory theorizing, and the creation of a conference workshop supported the participation of women at all stages of the data analysis process. This paper contributes to limited scholarship on participatory data analysis by presenting pragmatic and low-barrier ways of ensuring the findings and the direction of advocacy efforts reflect the social justice and change priorities of the women involved.

CREATING NORMALCY: FOSTER CARE FOR CHILDREN AND YOUTH WITH DISABILITIES AND MEDICAL FRAGILITY IN GERMANY

In the area of foster care concerning children and youth with special needs due to disability or medical fragility, there is a paucity of knowledge and research. In Germany, these groups in foster care who have high special needs are an invisible and neglected population at risk. These children and youth are mostly cared for in residential homes; however, some are living in foster families and benefit from a familial setting. The purpose of the study was to understand how foster parents manage their lives with a child or youth who has special needs, and how they meet the challenges that arise. The qualitative research design used the method of narrative inquiry through in-depth interviews, which were conducted in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt with 19 foster parents from 15 families. Within the framework of grounded theory, the author developed a theoretical structure of the strategies foster parents use for coping. Results showed that foster parents dealt with this new and often unpredictable situation by applying one of three patterns of strategies — action-, resource-, or reflection-oriented — based on their personal experiences and worldview. Understanding these behavioral patterns gives administrative and supportive entities like child welfare systems and agencies a unique and tailored approach to recruit, retain, train, and counsel foster families adequately, and to strengthen their well-being and their ability to perform well for themselves and their children and youth.

Nikolai Charnovskii and Scientific Management of the early XX century

The paper describes the development of management at the beginning of the XX century. At that time, there have being published works on management in different countries of the world. Scientific schools had been formed, but the role of Russian scientists in the development of management theory had been not sufficiently studied yet. Outside the field of view of foreign and domestic scientists remained the scientific school of production organization at the Imperial Moscow technical school (IMTS) and Nikolai Charnovskii’s textbook “Organization of industrial enterprises for metal processing”, published in 1911. The methodological base of the research included narrative, comparative and historical research methods. Revealing archival documents made it necessary to clarify important facts. The results of the study show there were their own scientific management schools not only in the United States and Europe. The comparison of sources has shown that Russia had formed its own research areas, including the IMTS. The research should be used in works on the history of management, in the preparation of anthologies and training courses on management theory.

A Narrative Inquiry into the Adjustment Experiences of Male Bladder Cancer Survivors with a Neobladder.

This study aimed to explore three male bladder cancer survivors’ adjustment experiences after neobladder reconstruction. A narrative inquiry method was adopted to closely investigate the individual experiences of bladder cancer survivors and the meaning of their experiences. Three themes emerged regarding physical and mental changes resulting from neobladder reconstruction: difficulty urinating or holding urine, sexual dysfunction and sexlessness, and stress resulting from urinary incontinence. Life changes following surgery varied across each participant and included ‘unwanted retirement’, ‘quitting drinking and leaving work’, and ‘beginning of a restrained life’. The theme of adjustment experience emerged, comprising ‘active exploration of resolutions’, ‘accepting change and partial return to daily life’, and ‘living in line with the health condition and family wishes’. Bladder cancer survivors with a neobladder, in this study, continue to adjust to changes in the voiding mechanism, various symptoms including incontinence, and life changes even after surgical cancer resection. The findings suggest that not only therapeutic interventions, but additional interventions are also needed to assist bladder cancer survivors with adjustment, rehabilitation, and return to society. These findings are also expected to be used both to educate bladder cancer survivors with a neobladder and to develop policies to help them.

Doing collective biography differently by incorporating methods of narrative inquiry, poetic inquiry and performance studies into the analysis of writings-as-data

This article reports on methods used to analyse creative writings as data in a collective biography research project undertaken by eight academics. All of us bear broadly feminist and/or queer outlooks, and all experience deep dissatisfaction with neoliberalism’s deepening on academia. We came together to witness shared struggles and imagine things otherwise. As outlined in Doing Collective Biography (Davies & Gannon 2006), collective biographers respond to themed writing prompts in a group workshop setting. The writings become data that the team analyses to generate, enrich and transform knowledges around the research theme. We followed these processes, but did collective biography differently by additionally incorporating analysis methods of narrative inquiry, poetic inquiry and performance studies. This article discusses the benefits and challenges these methods offered. Our objective is to share our learning with other researchers interested in pursuing similar projects.

Revisiting Research as Care: A Call to Decolonize Narratives of Trauma

ABSTRACT As scholars who are interested in the ways in which trauma and rhetoric interconnect, we believe that our field’s narrative research methods, even those rooted in ethical responsivity, too often re-traumatize participants. In this article, we respond to concerns about the re-traumatization of research participants by asserting that a decolonial understanding of trauma helps us better understand both why rhetoricians do this work and begin to address how we can better conduct research with trauma populations. We examine how trauma narratives have been taken up in rhetoric studies, and suggest a need for the field to be cautious with such narratives. Given our concern for how narrative methods re-traumatize participants, we call for rhetoric studies to purposefully adopt a decolonial orientation to trauma work to better enact an approach centered in care. Finally, we offer examples of practices that can help us, as a field, decolonize our scholarship on trauma.

Child labor processes in the city of Mashhad: A narrative study

It has been more than a decade that the phenomenon of child labor has become a social problem in Iran. Though universal, it has certain features in every society. In the present study, the processes of child labor formation in the city of Mashhad as one of the cities of Iran have been investigated. The study population in this study were working children living in Mashhad in 2015. First, the files of 345 working children were reviewed through documentary method. A profile of the working children situation was provided. Then, the narrative research method was employed to find these processes and narrative interview technique was used to obtain the description of the lives of these children. After fifteen interviews, theoretical saturation was obtained. Sequential and fragmented sections that were effective in bringing children to work were then extracted as sub-narratives. In this way, the general processes through which child labor forms were determined in a pattern. The results show that most of working children have family support. This means that they turn to work and live on the streets while their families are aware of this. These children are driven to work on the streets in four processes of being a member of an immigrant family with economic poverty, having a family following labor culture, having irresponsible parents, as well as being a member of a beggar family. In all processes, there are interrelated factors at three macro, intermediate and micro levels that underlie child's labor. At the macro level, economic problems lead to the formation of two huge migration waves to the city of Mashhad. Poor immigrants settle on the outskirts of the city and are in an unfavorable economic situation. At the intermediate level, the critical living conditions of working children such as domestic violence, lack of access to education (especially among foreign immigrants), preference for work over education, the prevalence of having a begging-based lifestyle and addiction of family members can be mentioned. Findings of the study at the micro level emphasize the relationship between the working children and the offending or working peers. In these situations, working children may become addicted and be forced to work to pay for drugs, or be driven to work under the influence of their friends to gain economic benefits such as buying favorable snacks or playing games on the net at game centers. However, it was also found out that the children's families also benefit from and encourage them to work.

Students’ Discipline and their Interest Towards Studies in Schools of Nepal

The purpose of the study was to explore the situation of students’ discipline, their attitude towards teachers and their interests on studies in schools of Nepal. The study was guided by social constructivism world view. Subjective method was epistemology of the research to examine the reality. Likewise, multiple realities were the ontology of the research and each individual had different perceptions and understandings. The research strategy was qualitative research and a narrative inquiry method was used to know participants’ experiences. The participants were three teachers from different schools and they concluded that the attitude and behavior of students have change drastically over the past twenty years. They are distracted from the traditional teaching methods. There should be a revision of teaching pedagogy in order to keep the students’ concentration. Moreover, parents’ care and time to the children are equally important to make students discipline and enhance their interests on their studies.

Cushing's disease and its impact on quality of life as seen through patients' eyes: a narrative qualitative study

Cushing disease (CD) is a rare and highly debilitating pathology. Its impact on quality of life is significant and the disease puts serious limitations on patients' daily lives. While clinical success in the treatment of CD is measured in terms of hypercortisolism remission, it is important to remember that this should coincide with an improvement in patients' psy-chological resilience and quality of life. The present qualitative study aims to reconstruct the psychological journey the patients embark on in living with the disease and its treatment. This study was designed according to the qualitative method of Narrative Inquiry. The pa-tients enrolled were required to keep a one-week diary on living and coping with the dis-ease. The diaries were designed to elicit the free expression of patients. After filling in their diaries for a week, patients were then interviewed face-to-face in order to deeply investigate insights emerged from the diaries' stories. The study involved 12 CD patients. This study gives emotional images of how patients react and try to give meaning to their CD diagnosis and their disease. Particularly, according to patients' narratives, the several physical symp-toms of CD have a tremendously negative impact on patients' self-image and contribute to psychologically deteriorate their self-esteem and confidence. This study not only confirm previous research regarding the deep impact of CD symptoms on everyday life of patients, but they also open interesting perspectives on the psychological representations of patients regarding their symptoms and on their un met needs.

Pre-service Teacher Experience in Designing Lesson Using TPACK-21 CL in Teaching Reading for High School Students

This study looked into the experiences of a pre-service teacher in designing a lesson using Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge for 21st Century Learning framework. The pre-service teacher integrated the use of technology for the teaching learning process because it was to support the students to achieve the 21st skills, especially in reading. This study drew on the narrative inquiry methods to present the finding. The pre-service teacher designed the lesson followed by a reflection. This long scientific endeavor leads the preservice teacher to consider to develop technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) skills to enable herself to become a professional teacher. The finding showed that though the pre-service teacher was finally able todesign the lesson and implement it in the classroom, she needs further discussion with the lecturers and the tutor teacher. The development skills from the experience is important for a teacher to be able to design meaningful learning for the students.

A Narrative Inquiry of Associate Degree Nursing Students' Stories About Their Experience of Academic Misconduct

Academic misconduct is a growing national and global concern. There is a paucity of literature on academic misconduct in nursing. Utilizing the qualitative method of narrative inquiry, this study gives voice to students’ stories of academic misconduct and reveals intimate stories of their experience. The stories contribute to a deeper understanding of associate degree nursing students' experiences with academic misconduct. The findings of the study have implications for future research, nursing education, and practice.

Students’ journey on learning: EFL students’ communicative competences

Communicative performances are highly demanded competence for language learners especially in 21st century language learning goals. Due to the globalization of English, the learners’ performances in communication becomes essentials. This current study aims to scrutinize the students’ journey on learning English in 21st century, specifically on their communication competences. A male and a female students are selected purposively because of their comprehensive progress of the journey. The data were gathered for 20 weeks, two meetings each week. In order to collect more reliable data, teachers’ diaries, class observation as well as students’ interview are deployed for narrative inquiry method. Using thematic content analysis, the results revealed that the most dominant aspect playing roles on the communicative competence owned by students after communicative performances run well. The implication of this study is the recommendation for teaching and learning process on 21st century at university level.

THE SEVEN MOTIVATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CLINICAL NURSEMANAGERS

Every health worker needs to be motivated in order to achieve a goal. Motivation is very important for nurses to display positive attitude that will assist and attain the goals and objectives of every organization. This paper explores the stories of nurses on how they were motivated by their clinical nurse managers in the public and private tertiary hospitals in the Province of Bohol utilizing qualitative case study using narrative inquiry method. This qualitative case study explores multiple cases through detailed, in-depth data collection involving multiple sources of information using interviews. The locale of the study are the tertiary hospitals in the Province of Bohol, Philippines. Purposive sampling was used, and an in-depth semi-structured interview was followed in exploring the staff nurses’ experiences of the motivational practices with their clinical nurse supervisors. In the conduct of the study, ten staff nurses’ narratives offer insight into their perceptions of the motivational practices offered to them by their clinical nurse managers in their entire work relationships. The stories of these nurses revealed seven motivational characteristics of the clinical nurse managers specifically; a cheering leader, a role model, a sensible guardian, a chaperon of the lost and stressed, a defender of the subordinates, an abler of the novice and a compassionate leader. The seven characteristics are important in helping the staff nurses to become positive and motivated to work and perform their duties and responsibilities. Moreover, it continually promotes quality care to patients and improve the nurse leader and subordinate relationships. The results are very significant to those who aspire to become leaders because it will help them guide in the quest for effective management.

Imaginal dialogue as a method of narrative inquiry

Abstract This paper joins the discussions on imaginal dialogue with references to the relational turn in psychoanalysis. It explores imaginal dialogue as a creative, relational endeavour in evoking the unconscious materials. By describing my own imaginal dialogue with Virginia Woolf, it exemplifies the potentiality of reading as an embodied, co-constructed interplay between the reader and the text. The deepening of relational and dialogical engagement with the text not only stirs the affective depth in the reader, but also brings the reader to conjure the presence of the author as an object for relatedness in the process of narrative inquiry. Imaginal dialogue transgresses beyond the poststructuralist allowance of interpretive pluralism to relational processes of working with the encounters with the presence of the author as their imaginary co-inquirer. Imaginal dialogue, I argue, not only provides an alternative kind of narrative framing, but the imaginal relationship becomes the very locus of knowledge creation.

IMPETUS OF CLINICAL NURSE MANAGERS: COUNTLESS STORIES OF NURSES

Motivation is very important for nurses to display positive attitude that will assist and attain the goals and objectives of every organization. The clinical nurse managers motivate their subordinates to promote a healthy working environment. This paper explores the stories of nurses on how they were motivated by their clinical nurse managers utilizing qualitative case study using narrative inquiry method. This qualitative case study explores multiple cases through detailed, in-depth data collection involving multiple sources of information using interviews. In selection of participants, purposive sampling was used. Data gathering uses in-depth semi-structured interviews in exploring staff nurses’ experiences of the motivational practices with their clinical nurse supervisors. In the study, ten staff nurse’s narratives offered insight into their perceptions of the motivational practices showed to them by their clinical nurse managers in their entire work relationships. The stories of these nurses revealed seven desirable motivational characteristics of the clinical nurse managers.

Psychological Adjustment of Chinese PhD Students: A Narrative Study

Aim/Purpose: International PhD students suffer a lot of stress. However, many studies about international students focus on identifying the stressors these students experience rather than the stress-coping strategies, and those that explore international students’ coping behaviour often report maladjustments. Background: This study intended to fill the research gap by examining the strategies that Chinese students employed to psychologically adjust to their PhD study. Methodology: Narrative inquiry method was employed to give voice to the research participants. Six Chinese doctoral students in social sciences in Australian universities were purposefully sampled and interviewed three times during their candidature in order to gain an in-depth understanding of their lived experiences of stress-coping. Contribution: This paper provides positive stress-coping strategies used by six Chinese doctoral students, which can be used by international doctoral students or those who work with doctoral students from abroad to improve their psychological well-beings. Findings: These Chinese PhD students adopted positive stress-coping strategies of regulating their emotions and retaining their motivation. They adopted illusory and interpretive forms of secondary control by reframing realities to obtain psychological peace when faced with stress. The ways that Chinese PhD students handled stress suggest that the Chinese moral education and the characteristic motivation for learning attributed them with positive personal characteristics to battle the adverse conditions. Recommendations for Practitioners: Institutions/departments can initiate support groups for PhD students from the same disciplines where students can express their stress, seek assistance from senior doctoral students and exchange their strategies. Institutions/departments can also support international doctoral candidates by taking a more flexible approach to policies and procedures concerning doctoral students taking leave both in terms of when it is taken and the duration. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers can focus on international doctoral students’ positive stress-coping experiences as well as negative experiences to present a balanced picture of the doctoral journey. Impact on Society: The findings from this research on doctoral students’ stress-coping can equip doctoral students with strategies to handle their psychological challenges, which in turn may enhance their overseas doctoral experiences, reduce the dropout rates, and raise awareness of supervisors and institutions about doctoral students’ psychological well-beings. Future Research: Future research can examine the stress-coping experiences of other international doctoral students, focusing not only from the individual psychological angle but from the academic and social perspectives.