Nanoparticles In Ethanol Research Articles

Incorporating Fluorescent Organosilica and Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks into Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica for the Enhanced Cargo Delivery of 5‐Fluorouracil

AbstractNanosized zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (nZIFs) are being researched as 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) carriers for the treatment of cancer. The surface functionalization of ZIFs with periodic mesoporous organosilicas (PMOs) is expected to enhance stability and prevent the flocculation of nZIFs. In this study, ZIF‐7 nanomaterials and fluorescent organosilicas (FITC−APTES) were effectively introduced into PMO nanoparticles, and the resulting product was named ZIF‐7@PMO. The surface functionalization with the PMO nanoparticles enhanced the chemical stability of ZIF‐7 nanoparticles in ethanol. The study examined the impact of temperature on the synthesis of ZIF‐7@PMO and found that low temperatures were more conducive to the encapsulation of ZIF‐7 nanoparticles and fluorescent organosilica, as well as pore size retention. Moreover, the drug storage capacity of the ZIF‐7@PMO nanoparticles was evaluated via their loading and release of 5‐FU. The results revealed that the ZIF‐7@PMO nanoparticles could adsorb 5‐FU with a loading capacity of 100–140 mg g−1 for 24 h. ZIF‐7@PMO released half of 5‐FU amount within 8 h before releasing a maximum of 75 % within 3 days. Therefore, the fluorescent ZIF‐7@PMO nanoparticles could be a potential drug carrier in the field of controlled drug delivery.

Synergistic Effect of Trimetallic PdCuIn Nanoparticles in Ethanol and Formate Oxidation Reaction for Remarkable Catalytic Performance

Direct liquid fuel cells (DLFC) are regarded as attractive energy devices with their advantages of sustainability and eco‐friendly operation. Pd‐based materials have been recognized as ideal catalysts for anodic oxidation of DLFC. Although reasonably regulating the structure of Pd‐based catalysts to achieve remarkable catalytic performance, it is not clear about the combined effects of d‐band center and charge transfer, which are the crucial impactors for catalytic activity. Herein, a facile method to synthesize trimetallic PdCuIn nanoparticles (PdCuIn NPs) for ethanol and formate oxidation reactions (EOR and FOR, respectively) is reported. PdCuIn NPs exhibits bifunctional catalytic activities for both EOR and FOR, with mass activities of 16 000 and 15 500 mA mgPd−1, respectively, which are much better than those of commercial Pd/C catalysts. Comparing to the bimetallic nanoparticles (PdCu or PdIn NPs), additional Cu or In enhances the electron transfer and achieves a suitable d‐band center, resulting in excellent performance. This work synthesizes a highly active catalyst for both EOR and FOR, but also provides facile strategy of balancing the d‐band center and charge transfer for high catalytic performance.

Effect of laser energy on grain size of cadmium oxide nanoparticles in ethanol by PLD method

The Pulse laser deposition technique was used in the preparation of nanoparticle solutions (CdO) using Nd:YAG laser and five deposition energies (400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 mJ) with fixed pulses (300 pulse and 6 Hz) was used .
 (CdO) nanoparticles were deposited on glass substrate at (300C°) to study structure properties and formed thin films of thickness (200 nm). The grain size of cadmium oxide nanoparticles in ethanol have been found to be affected by the laser energy , The results of the AFM tests showed that the higher the deposition energies, the greater the higher the grain size.

Nanosecond Laser Ablation of Au@LiNbO3 Core–Shell Nanoparticles in Ethanol: Properties and Application in Optoelectronic Devices

Nanosecond Laser Ablation of Au@LiNbO3 Core–Shell Nanoparticles in Ethanol: Properties and Application in Optoelectronic Devices

Thermally Stable AgPd@ZnO Bimetallic Alloy Nanoparticles for Ethanol Sensors with Long-Term Stability

Bimetallic alloy nanoparticles (NPs) typically provide some unique properties in gas sensing due to the synergistic effects that arise from the two distinct metals, especially selective catalytic oxidation of hazardous volatile organic compounds. However, their practical uses are being held back by the high catalyst cost and the deterioration of catalytic capabilities at elevated temperatures. In this work, extremely thermally stable ZnO-supported AgPd bimetallic alloy core–shell NPs were synthesized, demonstrating resistance to surface oxidation due to the synergistic effect of Ag and Pd atoms. The AgPdalloy@ZnO core–shell NPs outperform the pristine ZnO and Pd@ZnO NPs in ethanol sensing, with a response of 704.08 to 100 ppm ethanol at 300 °C. Besides, the sensor demonstrates excellent selectivity, anti-interfering response, repeatability, long-term stability, and humidity effect. The lattice mismatch, upshifts in the d-band center, and oxidation resistance behavior of AgPdalloy ameliorate their electronic structure, which enhances the catalytic properties and the gas sensing performances in AgPdalloy@ZnO NPs. Most importantly, compared to other noble metal NPs, Ag is very inexpensive and cost-effective, which is a great advantage from an economic perspective.

Facile and novel one-pot three-component synthesis of isatin-thiazoles catalyzed by biogenic iron oxide nanoparticles

• Novel biogenic preparation of Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles using Areca Nut extract mediated solution combustion method. • Characterization of prepared nanoparticles using X-RD, SEM with EDX, TGA, TEM, FT-IR and UV-Vis Spectroscopy. • Synthesis of some 3- [2-(5-phenyl-1, 3-thiazol-2-yl) hydrazinyl]-1, 3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one derivatives by using biogenic nano Fe 2 O 3 as a catalyst. • Characterization of synthesized compounds by different spectral techniques like FT-IR, NMR and LCMS. • The DFT studies of synthesized compounds showed that the HOMO and LUMO plays very important role to know the structural activity relationship. • Docking and ADMET studies reveled that all the docked molecules exhibited good drug like properties. • All the studied compounds exhibited noteworthy pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial and antimycobacterial activity. • Catalyst was recyclable upto 6 th cycle with yield of 86% of products. This study presents the preparation of novel biogenic Fe 2 O 3 by solution combustion method and its characterization by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, TGA, TEM, FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Then the study of catalytic activity of Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles in ethanol for one-pot synthesis of a library of isatin-thiazoles via three-component reaction of various isatin with thiosemicarbazide and different phenacyl bromides. The structure of the synthesized compounds 3-[2-(5-phenyl-1, 3-thiazol-2-yl) hydrazinyl]-1, 3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one derivatives is confirmed by different spectroscopic studies. The advantages of this method include its broad substrate scope, clean reaction profile, short reaction times and high yields at low catalyst loading. Further, the product does not require any chromatographic purification and the method has the potential for large-scale applications in pharmaceutical industries. In addition, the developed catalyst can be recovered and reused 6 times without significant loss of activity.

Fabrication of Zn/ZnO Core/Shell Nanoparticles by Laser Ablation in Liquid Technique

In this research, Zn/ZnO Nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared via the Pulse Laser Ablation (PLA) method using three liquids (Ethanol, Acetone, and Distilled Water). Zn/ZnO NPs were synthesized via an Nd-YAG laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm, applied energy of 800 mJ, a frequency of 6 Hz, and 100 laser pulses at room temperature. The Zn metal plate was dipped in Ethanol, Acetone, and Distilled Water, respectively. The UV-Vis results shows sharp and single peaks at 320, 341, and 333 nm for Zn/ZnO NPs in Ethanol, Acetone, and Distilled Water respectively. FTIR testing shows peaks at about 500 cm−1 for Zn/ZnO NPs in Ethanol, Acetone, and Distilled Water, which indicates Zn-O stretching vibrations. XRD investigation shows low-angle peaks at 23.31˚, 23.81˚, and 19.20˚ for Zn/ZnO NPs in Ethanol, Acetone, and Distilled Water, respectively. In addition, a sharp peak of high intensity was observed at 13.54˚ for Zn/ZnO Core/Shell NPs in Acetone. These peaks indicate that the structure is stable and undistorted. These patterns emphasize compact pore arrangements. The lower intensity of the gradient peaks indicates that ZnO formed at a preferred site. Nor did high-angle XRD patterns appear, indicating that the formed ZnO NPs are so small to be distinct from background noise or undetectable by widish angle XRD. The broad XRD peak at 2θ angles from 20° to 30° can also confirm that ZnO is low-crystalline. The TEM images show the presence of Zn/ZnO NPs in Ethanol, Acetone, and Distilled Water with a size of less than 50 nm, and TEM analysis confirms that the primary structure of Zn/ZnO NPs is a Core/Shell.

The Synergic Effects of Trimetallic Pdcuin Nanoparticles in Ethanol and Formate Oxidation Reaction for Remarkable Catalytic Performance

The Synergic Effects of Trimetallic Pdcuin Nanoparticles in Ethanol and Formate Oxidation Reaction for Remarkable Catalytic Performance

Eco-friendly processes for the synthesis of amorphous calcium carbonate nanoparticles in ethanol and their stabilisation in aqueous media

New understandings in the amorphous calcium carbonate nanoparticle synthesis lead to a final mass concentration increase by a factor of 3.5. The stabilisation in aqueous media is achieved by a 2-minute scalable process using bio-sourced stabilisers.

Модификация пористой α-Al2O3 керамики нанолистовыми структурами бемита

Modification of porous ceramic materials makes it possible to improve their functional characteristics. In this work, we demonstrate the possibility of modifying macroporous Al2O3 ceramics with boehmite nanosheet structures using electroexplosive Al/AlN nanoparticles. To do this, the porous ceramic was impregnated with a suspension of nanoparticles in ethanol, after which the reaction of hydrolysis and oxidation of the nanoparticles fixed in the volume of the porous ceramic was carried out at 60 °C. As a result of the reaction, nanosheet structures of fine-grained boehmite were formed on the ceramic surface. This made it possible to substantially increase the specific surface area of the sample to 25.9 m2/g. and significantly improve the sorption characteristics of macro-simple Al2O3 ceramics in relation to the eosin dye. During the protective action, it was possible to adsorb up to 2.9 mg/g of the dye at a linear flow rate of 0.15 cm/s.

Electrophoretic deposition of bioactive glass/zirconia core-shell nanoparticles on Ti6Al4V substrate

One approach to the improvement of implant-tissue interface is the creation of a bioactive surface. Here, bioactive glass-zirconia core-shell spherical nanoparticles were synthesized using a combination of sol-gel and sonochemical methods. The results revealed that the nanoparticles possess a ∼ 16 ± 4 nm rough tetragonal zirconia shell that surrounded the bioactive glass core. The optimized structure was coated on Ti6Al4V substrate through electrophoretic deposition technique. In order to obtain a stable suspension of nanoparticles in ethanol, dopamine was used as a surface treatment agent and cathodic electrophoretic deposition was successfully achieved on Ti6Al4V substrate. Also, the utilization of polyethyleneimine improved the adhesion between the coating and substrate. Due to the differences in surface charge of zirconia and bioactive glass nanoparticles, a high voltage and surfactant concentration are necessary for the simultaneous deposition of the particles. However, in the presence of core-shell nanoparticles, this issue was overcome. Microscopic examination of the coatings confirmed the elimination of cracks in core-shell constituted coatings. The adhesion between the coating and substrate increased significantly due to the rough surface of the core-shell nanoparticles. The Ca–P deposit formation on the surface of the bioactive glass and core-shell coatings were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

Electric field assisted-laser ablation of cu nanoparticles in ethanol and investigation of their properties

Electric field assisted-laser ablation of cu nanoparticles in ethanol and investigation of their properties

A Study on the Stability of TiO2 Nanoparticles as an Electron Transport Layer in Quantum Dot Light-Emitting Diodes

We report highly efficient and robust quantum dot light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) with Li-doped TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) as an electron transport layer (ETL). As core materials, ZnO-based inorganic NPs can enhance the performance of QLEDs due to their suitable energy level and solution processability. However, their fast electron mobility and instability in organic solvents are two main obstacles to practical display applications. The colloidal stability of TiO2 NPs in ethanol was confirmed after three day-storage, while ZnO NPs showed severe agglomeration. Inverted structure QLEDs using 3% Li-doped TiO2 NP were successfully fabricated and their optical/electrical properties were investigated. With 3% Li-doped TiO2 NPs, the charge balance in the emitting layer of the QLEDs was improved, which resulted in a maximum luminance of 159,840 cd/m<sup>2</sup> and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 9.12%. These results were comparable to the performance of QLEDs with commonly used ZnO NPs. Moreover, the QLEDs with the Li-doped TiO2 NPs showed more stable characteristics than those with ZnO NPs after 7 days in ambient conditions. The EQE of the QLEDs with Li-doped TiO2 NPs was reduced by only 4.9%. These results indicate that Li-doped TiO2 NPs show great promise for use as a solution based inorganic ETL for QLEDs.

Effective Intratumoral Retention of [103 Pd]AuPd Alloy Nanoparticles Embedded in Gel-Forming Liquids Paves the Way for New Nanobrachytherapy.

Local application of radioactive sources as brachytherapy is well established in oncology. This treatment is highly invasive however, due to the insertion of millimeter sized metal seeds. The authors report the development of a new concept for brachytherapy, based on gold-palladium (AuPd) alloy nanoparticles, intrinsically radiolabeled with 103 Pd. These are formulated in a carbohydrate-ester based liquid, capable of forming biodegradable gel-like implants upon injection. This allows for less invasive administration through small-gauge needles. [103 Pd]AuPd nanoparticles with sizes around 20nm are prepared with radiolabeling efficiencies ranging from 79% to >99%. Coating with the hydrophobic polymer poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) leads to nanoparticle diameters below 40nm. Dispersing the nanoparticles in ethanol with water insoluble carbohydrate esters gives "nanogels", a low viscosity liquid capable of solidifying upon injection into aqueous environments. Both nanoparticles and radioactivity are stably retained in the nanogel over 25 days (>99%) after formation in aqueous buffers. Animals bearing CT26 murine tumors are injected intratumorally with 25 MBq of the 103 Pd-nanogel, and display tumor growth delay and significantly increase median survival times compared with control groups. Excellent retention in the tumor of both the 103 Pd and the nanoparticle matrix itself is observed, demonstrating a potential for replacing currently used brachytherapy seeds.

Effect of Particle Concentration on Surfactant-Induced Alteration of the Contact Line Deposition in Evaporating Sessile Droplets.

Controlling and suppressing the so-called "coffee-ring effect" (CRE) is an issue of cardinal importance and intense interest in many industries and scientific fields. Here, the combined effect of the particle and surfactant concentration on the CRE is investigated by gradually adding Triton X-100 surfactant to colloidal suspensions of SiO2 nanoparticles in ethanol for various particle concentrations. First, the effect of particle concentration on the contact line dynamics during the evaporation of a sessile droplet is investigated. It is shown that increasing the particle concentration leads to an increase in pinning time and ring width, whereas the droplet's initial and dynamic contact angle remains unchanged. Afterward, the effect of different concentrations of surfactant is studied for different particle concentrations. It is concluded that the surfactant concentration at which the CRE is suppressed is dependent on the initial particle concentration of the colloid, and it increases as the particle concentration increases. Furthermore, as adding surfactant with a concentration lower than this critical concentration results in an unsuppressed CRE, it is shown that surpassing this concentration will result in a depletion of particles in the contact line. Moreover, it is demonstrated that this critical surfactant concentration has no significant effect on the droplet's geometry and the total evaporation time.

Nano NiO-an efficient and a reusable catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of novel tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxylates under sonication

An elegant, atom efficient protocol for the synthesis of a series of pharmacologically interesting polysubstituted tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxylates has been developed via a one-pot four-component cyclocondensation reaction of Meldrum’s acid, arylaldehydes, aromatic amines and ethyl cyanoacetate catalyzed by NiO nanoparticles in ethanol under ultrasound irradiation. In comparison with the reported methods, our approach is convenient and offers several benefits such as milder reaction conditions, shorter reaction time, excellent yields, and use of reusable catalyst and is environmentally benign. We have herein demonstrated a successful conjuction of NiO nanoparticles and sonication in the synthesis of tetrahydropyridine-3-carboxylates by multicomponent approach.

Preparation of Hybrid Polyaniline/Nanoparticle Membranes for Water Treatment Using an Inverse Emulsion Polymerization Technique under Sonication

This manuscript describes a novel in situ interfacial dynamic inverse emulsion polymerization process under sonication of aniline in the presence of carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene nanoparticles in ethanol. This polymerization method is simple and very rapid (up to 10 min) compared to other techniques reported in the literature. During polymerization, the nanoparticles are coated with polyaniline (PANI), forming a core-shell structure, as confirmed by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) and Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) measurements. The membrane pore sizes range between 100–200 nm, with an average value of ~119 ± 28.3 nm. The film resistivity decreased when treated with alcohol, and this behavior was used for selection of the most efficient alcohol as a solvent for this polymerization technique. The membrane permeability of the PANI grafted CNT was lower than the CNT reference, thus demonstrating better membranal properties. As measured by water permeability, these are ultrafiltration membranes. An antimicrobial activity test showed that whereas the reference nanoparticle Bucky paper developed a large bacterial colony, the PANI grafted CNT sample had no bacterial activity. The thicker, 2.56 mm membranes exhibited high salt removal properties at a low pressure drop. Such active membranes comprise a novel approach for future water treatment applications.

Environmentally Benign and Large-Scale Synthesis of Monodisperse Oleate-Protected Silver Nanoparticles in Ethanol

An environmentally benign solvothermal process was introduced to synthesize monodisperse silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs). Silver nitrate (AgNO3) was reduced by ethanol which was also used for recyclable solvent. The as-synthesized Ag NPs were stabilized by oleate. Effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, AgNO3 concentration as well as molar ratio of sodium oleate and AgNO3 on the formation and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) were determined by means of UV–Vis spectrophotometer. TEM and XRD were used to characterize the size, morphology and crystalline structure of Ag NPs. The excessive AgNO3 over sodium oleate and high concentration of AgNO3 are favorable for the synthesis of monodisperse Ag NPs in large scale. The characteristic SPR absorption of Ag NPs centers at ca. 430 nm despite of reaction temperature, reaction time and even AgNO3 concentration. The nucleation and growth of Ag NPs completed in a very short period of time, showing the high efficiency of our synthetic route for the synthesis of uniform Ag NPs.

Bifunctional Carbon Dots-Magnetic and Fluorescent Hybrid Nanoparticles for Diagnostic Applications.

There is a huge demand for materials capable of simple detection or separation after conjugation with specific biologic substances when applied as a diagnostic tools. Taking into account the photoluminescence properties of C-dots and the highly magnetic properties of Fe(0), a new hybrid composite of these components was synthesized via ultrasound irradiation. The material was fully characterized by various physicochemical techniques. The main goal of the current study was to obtain a highly magnetic and intense fluorescent hybrid material. The goal was achieved. In addition, magnetic particles tended to agglomerate. The new hybrid can be suspended in ethanol, which is an additional feature of the current research. The dispersion of the hybrid nanoparticles in ethanol was achieved by utilizing the interaction of iron particles with C-dots which were decorated with functional groups on their surface. The newly formed hybrid material has potential applications in diagnostic by conjugating with specific antibodies or with any other biologic compounds. Such application may be useful in detection of various diseases such as: cancer, tuberculosis, etc.

Dispersion of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Maxillofacial Silicone Elastomer by Ultrasonication: A Morphological Study

Objective: Aggregation and agglomeration of nanoparticles in silicone elastomer is a common problem that adversely affects the mechanical properties of the silicone because the aggregations act as a weak and stress concentrating point within the silicone elastomer matrix. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sonication on the dispersion of ZnO nanoparticles in M-511 heat vulcanized maxillofacial silicone. 
 Methods: Nano-ZnO was added in concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 5% by weight to Cosmesil M-511 heat vulcanized maxillofacial silicone elastomer, after sonication of ZnO nanoparticles in ethanol for 30 minutes at room temperature, and 1%, 2%, 3%, and 5% were added by weight without sonication of ZnO nanoparticles. Then field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests were used to assess the efficiency of the dispersion method and to monitor the particle size of nano-ZnO.
 Results: FESEM test showed a reduction in cluster size of nano-ZnO as a result of sonication. XRD and FESEM showed a homogenous dispersion of ZnO nanoparticles within the silicone matrix.
 Conclusions: Based on the results of this morphological study, sonication of nano-ZnO in ethanol represented an effective and easy way to disperse nano-ZnO in a silicone elastomer matrix. This led to a superior quality nanocomposite without affecting the base material and without the need for a coupling agent or addition of any third material.