Nanoparticle Clusters Research Articles

Synthesis of Mechanically Robust Very High Molecular Weight Polyisoprene Particle Brushes by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization.

Linear polyisoprene (PI) and SiO2-g-PI particle brushes were synthesized by both conventional and activators regenerated by electron transfer (ARGET) atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The morphology and solution state study on the particle brushes by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) confirmed the successful grafting of PI ligands on the silica surface. The presence of nanoparticle clusters suggests low grafting density (associated with the limited initiation efficiency of ARGET for PI). Nevertheless, particle brushes with very high molecular weights, Mn > 300,000, were prepared, which significantly improved the dispersion of silica nanoparticles and also contributed to excellent mechanical performance. The reinforcing effects of SiO2 nanofillers and very high molecular weight PI ligands were investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) as well as computational simulation for the cured linear PI homopolymer/SiO2-g-PI particle brush bulk films.

Facile Fabrication of an SnSx‐SnO2‐Decorated Cobalt Sulfide Film as an Effective Counter Electrode for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

AbstractMetal sulfide stands out as one of the novel and promising platinum‐free counter electrode (CE) materials for dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this work, SnSx‐SnO2‐decorated CoSx films were designed and synthesized by a low‐temperature fabrication process. The small clusters of nanoparticles create a large amount of catalytic active sites, resulting in superior electrocatalytic activity for triiodide reduction. The DSSC with SnSx‐SnO2‐decorated CoSx film has achieved an impressive power conversion efficiency of 4.57 %, which is close to the efficiency of the DSSC with platinum CE (4.82 %). Furthermore, regarding the attenuation of the photovoltaic performance for the DSSC with SnSx‐SnO2‐decorated CoSx film, negligible change was observed after a prolonged storage under ambient condition for five days. Therefore, it is worthwhile to expect the explorations of novel fabricate technique for synthesizing cost‐effective metal sulfide films with long‐term stability in DSSCs.

Programming Intracellular Clustering of Spiky Nanoparticles via Liposome Encapsulation.

The intracellular clustering of anisotropic nanoparticles is crucial to the improvement of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) for phototherapy applications. Herein, we programmed the intracellular clustering process of spiky nanoparticles (SNPs) by encapsulating them into an anionic liposome via a frame-guided self-assembly approach. The liposome-encapsulated SNPs (lipo-SNPs) exhibited distinct and enhanced lysosome-triggered aggregation behavior while maintaining excellent monodispersity, even in acidic or protein-rich environments. We explored the enhancement of the photothermal therapy performance for SNPs as a proof of concept. The photothermal conversion efficiency of lipo-SNPs clusters significantly increased 15 times compared to that of single lipo-SNPs. Upon accumulation in lysosomes with a 2.4-fold increase in clustering, lipo-SNPs resulted in an increase in cell-killing efficiency to 45% from 12% at 24 μg/mL. These findings indicated that liposome encapsulation provides a promising approach to programing nanoparticle clustering at the target site, which facilitates advances in the development of smart nanomedicine with programmable enhancement in LSPR.

Crystallinity as a factor of SERS stability of silver nanoparticles formed by Ar+ irradiation

The plasmonic sensors based on silver nanoparticles are limited in application due to their relatively fast degradation in the ambient atmosphere. The technology of ion-beam modification for the creation of monocrystalline silver nanoparticles (NPs) with stable plasmonic properties will expand the application of silver nanostructures. In the present study, highly-stable monocrystalline NPs were formed on the basis of a thin silver film by low-energy ion irradiation. Combined with lithography, this technique allows the creation of nanoparticle ensembles in variant forms. The characterization of the nanoparticles formed by ion-beam modification showed long-term outstanding for Ag nanoparticles stability of their plasmonic properties due to their monocrystalline structure. According to optical spectroscopy data, the reliable plasmonic properties in the ambient atmosphere are preserved for up to 39 days. The mapping of crystal violet dye via surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) revealed a strong amplification factor sustaining at least thrice as long as the one of similarly sized polycrystalline silver NPs formed by annealing. The plasmonic properties sustain more than a month of storage in the ambient atmosphere. Thus, ion-beam modification of silver film makes it possible to fabricate NPs with stable plasmonic properties and form clusters of NPs for sensor technology and SERS applications.

Impact of annealing temperature on praseodymium cerium telluride nanoparticles synthesise via hydrothermal approach for optoelectronic application

ABSTRACT In this paper, we use hydrothermal technique to synthesise the nanoparticle of praseodymium, cerium telluride (Pr0.2Ce0.5Te0.2) using 0.2 mol of praseodymium (III) oxide (Pr2O3), and 0.5 mol of cerium (III) nitrate hexahydrate (Ce(NO3)3.6 H2O) and 0.2 mol of Te(NO3)4and evaluate how varying annealing temperature influences the material’s optical, structure, morphology, and electrical characteristics. The XRD pattern reveals a polycrystalline structure with 2theta angle of 8.418°, 9.644°, 11.037°, 13.824°, 16.442°, 19.151°, 22.262°, 40.938°. Corresponding to the diffraction peaks (011), (012), (111), (121), (114), (200), (211), (311) it was observed that the praseodymium cerium telluride nanoparticles display a significant nanoflake structure. It was observed that the size of the large nanoflakes decreased. When subjected to annealing, the surface energy of the material increased due to the presence of nanoparticle clusters. The nanoparticle that underwent annealing at 400°C was found to be more susceptible to agglomeration due to the strains that resulted from the high-temperature treatment. Praseodymium cerium telluride is highly absorbent, especially in the ultraviolet and blue light ranges. The unannealed praseodymium cerium telluride nanoparticles have a bandgap energy of 2.75 eV, which is observed to narrow down to a range of 2.61–2.37 eV as the temperature for annealing is increased.

Super-Resolution Diamond Magnetic Microscopy of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles.

Scanning-probe and wide-field magnetic microscopes based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have enabled advances in the study of biology and materials, but each method has drawbacks. Here, we implement an alternative method for nanoscale magnetic microscopy based on optical control of the charge state of NV centers in a dense layer near the diamond surface. By combining a donut-beam super-resolution technique with optically detected magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we imaged the magnetic fields produced by single 30 nm iron-oxide nanoparticles. The magnetic microscope has a lateral spatial resolution of ∼100 nm, and it resolves the individual magnetic dipole features from clusters of nanoparticles with interparticle spacings down to ∼190 nm. The magnetic feature amplitudes are more than an order of magnitude larger than those obtained by confocal magnetic microscopy due to the narrower optical point-spread function and the shallow depth of NV centers. We analyze the magnetic nanoparticle images and sensitivity as a function of the microscope's spatial resolution and show that the signal-to-noise ratio for nanoparticle detection does not degrade as the spatial resolution improves. We identify sources of background fluorescence that limit the present performance, including diamond second-order Raman emission and imperfect NV charge state control. Our method, which uses <10 mW laser power and can be parallelized by patterned illumination, introduces a promising format for nanoscale magnetic imaging.

Ti mesh–assisted synthesis of CdS nanoparticle clusters and their enhanced photocatalytic activity

Herein, CdS nanoparticle clusters (NPCs) were successfully synthesised using a one-step Ti mesh–assisted hydrothermal method. These NPCs had uniform size, were small and comprised of small CdS nanoparticles (NPs). Furthermore, analyses using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy elucidated the synthesis mechanism of CdS NPCs. Compared with CdS NPs, CdS NPCs exhibited a rougher surface and stronger visible light absorption, thus demonstrating more stable photocurrent density under visible light irradiation and, ultimately, higher photocatalytic activity. Overall, the simple and efficient synthesis process of CdS NPCs presents a promising avenue for novel nanomaterial preparation.

Influence of nanoparticles morphology in magnetic fluids

In this work magnetic fluids at two different volume concentrations (5 % and 10 %) of magnetite nanoparticles of different morphologies and sizes (octahedral, 38 ± 5 nm; truncated octahedral, 10 ± 1 nm; rod-like, 95 nm x 10 nm; spherical 33 ± 20 and 90 ± 10 nm) have been formulated (by using mineral oil as liquid carrier and Aerosil®300 as viscosity-controller agent) and fabricated. The obtained results allow us to conclude that: a) the fluid with 10 %vol concentration spherical nanoparticles presents the highest magnetorheological response observed in this study, over a 4000 % change of yield stress with the maximum applied field strength. This is due both to their highest magnetic saturation and an effective nanoparticle clustering; b) the fluid based on octahedral particles shows a good balance between magnetorheological response (up to a 795 % change of yield stress) and reversibility (up to a 92 %), which indicates the competitiveness of these particles for the formulation of magnetic fluids. On the contrary, truncated octahedral nanoparticles, although maintaining that high reversibility capability, present a poor MR response (75–95 % change of yield stress for 5 and 10 %vol. concentrations); c) the poor magnetorheological response observed and non-expected reversibility behavior obtained for rod-like particles indicate that further deepening of the understanding of their dispersion and internal structuring is needed.

Effective-medium description of dense clusters of plasmonic nanoparticles with spatial dispersion

Effective-medium description of dense clusters of plasmonic nanoparticles with spatial dispersion

One-Pot Facile Synthesis of a Cluster of ZnS Low-Dimensional Nanoparticles for High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrodes.

To maximize the use of ZnS low-dimensional nanoparticles as high-performance supercapacitor electrodes, this work describes a simple one-pot synthesis method for producing a cluster of these particles. The ZnS nanoparticles fabricated in this work exhibit a cluster with unique low-dimensional (0D, 1D, and 2D) characteristics. Structural, morphological, and electrochemical investigations are all part of the thorough characterization of the produced materials. An X-ray diffraction pattern of clustered ZnS nanoparticles reflects the phase formation with highly stable cubic blende sphalerite polymorph. The confirmation of nanoparticle cluster formation featuring multiple low-dimensional nanostructures was achieved through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), while the internal structure was assessed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Systematically assessing the ZnS nanoparticles' electrochemical performance reveals their prospective qualities as supercapacitor electrode materials. The electrode assembled with this material on Ni foam demonstrates elevated specific capacitance (areal capacitance) values, reaching 716.8 F.g⁻1 (2150.4 mF.cm-2) at a current density of 3 mA.cm⁻2. Moreover, it reflects 69.1% capacitance retention with a four times increase in current density, i.e., 495.5 F.g-1 (1486.56 mF.cm-2) capacitance was archived at 12 mA.cm-2 with 100% Coulombic efficiency. Furthermore, the electrode exhibits prolonged cycling capability with 77.7% capacitance retention, as evidenced by its charge-discharge measurements sustained over 15,000 cycles at a current density of 25 mA cm⁻2.

Facile route for preparation of cuprous oxide/copper/cupric oxide nanoparticles by using simultaneous electrochemical and reduction reaction

Cuprous oxide/copper/cupric oxide nanoparticles were synthesized through a hybrid process involving anodic dissolution and a controlled redox reaction between NaOH and glucose in the solution. The study demonstrates the structural manipulation of the material by varying the reaction components within the solution. Morphology, structural analyses using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), EDX (Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), XRD (X-ray diffraction), and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) unveiled the tunability of the material's structure based on the reaction components. Nitrogen adsorption analysis employing the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) equation confirmed the material's porosity, while Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measurements provided insights into the materials' hydrodynamic size and zeta potential. The results demonstrated that by increasing the glucose/NaOH ratio during the reaction, the different structures and morphologies of the distinct products were obtained from the clustering of small nanoparticles to cubic shape and flower-like structure. Antibacterial activity tests conducted on various bacterial strains showed a correlation between the morphology and structure of the material and its antibacterial properties. The highest substantial antibacterial efficacy against all tested bacterial strains at a dosage of 100 μg/L was obtained for the samples with clustering morphology, whereas the remaining materials showed no discernible antibacterial effect against one of the studied bacteria. The results also demonstrated that the sample with a clustering structure exhibited superior antibacterial properties when dispersed in water containing dimethylsulfoxide.

Application of Lavandula angustifolia Mill. Extracts for the Phytosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: Characterization and Biomedical Potential

Nanotechnology can offer a series of new “green” and eco-friendly methods for developing different types of nanoparticles, among which the development of nanomaterials using plant extracts (phytosynthesis) represents one of the most promising areas of research. This present study details the use of lavender flowers (Lavandula angustifolia Mill., well-known for their use in homeopathic applications) for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with enhanced antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Several qualitative and quantitative assays were carried out in order to offer an image of the extracts’ composition (the recorded total phenolics content varied between 21.0 to 40.9 mg GAE (gallic acid equivalents)/g dry weight (d.w.), while the total flavonoids content ranged between 3.57 and 16.8 mg CE (catechin equivalents)/g d.w.), alongside modern analytical methods (such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry—GC-MS, quantifying 12 phytoconstituents present in the extracts). The formation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using lavender extract was studied by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering (DLS)/zeta potential, with the selected nanoparticles having crystallite sizes of approx. 14.55 nm (AgNP-L2) and 4.61 nm, respectively (for AgNP-L4), and hydrodynamic diameters of 392.4 nm (for AgNP-L2) and 391.6 nm (for AgNP-L4), determined by DLS. A zeta potential of around −6.4 mV was displayed for both samples while presenting as large aggregates, in which nanoparticle clusters with dimensions of around 130–200 nm can be observed. The biomedical applications of the extracts and the corresponding phytosynthesized nanoparticles were evaluated using antioxidant and antimicrobial assays. The obtained results confirmed the phytosynthesis of the silver nanoparticles using Lavandula angustifolia Mill. extracts, as well as their antioxidant and antimicrobial potential.

Investigation of entropy generation in the existence of heat generation and nanoparticle clustering on porous Riga plate during nanofluid flow

The objective of this research is to examine the impact of many parameters, including entropy production resulting from nanoparticle aggregation, viscous dissipation, heat source, and buoyancy, on the flow behavior of nanoliquids through a vertical Riga plate made of porous media at the two-dimensional stagnation point. By combining elements of the original Krieger-Dougherty model with the Maxwell-Bruggeman model, a new correlation for the aggregation process may be reached. The PDEs that control the boundary layer area of this problem are changed into a group of nonlinear PDEs using the right non-similarity transformations. The issue may be solved by using the BVP4c MATLAB program, which implements the local non-similarity approach and includes an extra degree of truncation. It was also found that the skin friction coefficient increased by 3.35% to 7.18% for both the aiding and opposing flow zones with the incorporation of a 1% nanoparticle volume fraction. Incorporating the Eckert number resulted in a consistent drop in heat transfer efficiency, from 7.27% to 10.24%. Aggregation of nanoparticles increases the magnitude of velocity and the temperature distribution, as shown by the model of aggregation. The augmentation of the A values is widely acknowledged as a strategy to prolong the initiation of entropy; however, on the contrary, the elevation of the Bejan number helps to expedite it. It has been empirically shown that increasing the ϕ value has a beneficial effect on both the entropy inception field and the Bejan number. An increase in the Brinkman number leads to an acceleration in the rate of entropy generation, concomitantly resulting in a decrease in the Bejan number. The suggested numerical model is validated by comparing it to existing findings that have been made public.

Aerosol metal-organic framework-derived Ni–Zn–Al hybrid catalyst for efficient methane Bi-reforming

Bi-reforming of methane (BRM) has emerged as a promising advancement in hydrogen production via direct carbon utilization. To promote BRM, metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived Ni–ZnO–Al2O3 hybrid catalyst was developed via aerosol-assisted approach. The results demonstrated that the incorporation of Al2O3 nanoparticle cluster and ZnO with Ni alloy enhanced the catalytic activity. Superior conversions of reactants and operation stability of the MOF-derived Ni–ZnO–Al2O3 hybrid catalyst was observed, and a high turnover frequency (TOFCH4) of 2.86 s−1 at a moderate operating temperature (650 °C) was achieved. Further, the H2/CO ratio of 1.4–6.5 was attained through the proper adjustment of feed ratios (H2O/CH4, CO2/CH4) and reaction temperature (600–700 °C). Overall, the newly fabricated MOF-derived Ni–ZnO–Al2O3 hybrid catalyst via aerosol-assisted method, demonstrated significant improvements in reducing the required operating temperature of BRM, which is beneficial for simultaneous reduction of the CO2 generated from the methane reforming plus energy consumption, and advancing the development of low-carbon H2 production.

Orbital motion of gold heterodimer driven by optical force of circularly polarized light and reactive drag of medium

Abstract This theoretical study explores the two-dimensional orbital motion of an optically bound heterodimer consisting of two gold nanoparticles (NPs) of different sizes, driven by circularly polarized (CP) light. Although a CP light possesses only spin angular momentum without orbital angular momentum, it can still induce orbital revolution in the plasmonic heterodimer. This phenomenon arises from the interaction between the optical force and torque generated by the CP light and the reactive drag force and torque from the surrounding medium. We calculate the optical forces acting on each NP by analyzing the Maxwell stress tensor at their surfaces, and we account for the reactive drag force using Stokes’ law. These forces are used to simulate the trajectories of the NPs through dynamic equations of motion. Our results demonstrate that, regardless of the initial conditions of the two NPs, they will become optically bound together, exhibiting rigid-body translation and rotation. Notably, the center of mass of the heterodimer undergoes an orbital revolution around a fixed point eventually. The CP light-manipulated heterodimer behaves like a boomerang, acting as a spinning rotor on a circular path. The heterodimer's orbital radius and direction of revolution are influenced by the size disparity between the two NPs. Additionally, each NP experiences spin motion, with the spin direction determined by the handedness of the CP light. The optically bound gold heterodimer functions as a light-driven microrotor, with potential applications in microfluidic channels. These findings offer valuable insights into the optomechanical manipulation of non-monodisperse NP clusters using CP light.

Ultrasound Stimulation of Piezoelectric Nanocomposite Hydrogels Boosts Chondrogenic Differentiation in Vitro, in Both a Normal and Inflammatory Milieu.

The use of piezoelectric nanomaterials combined with ultrasound stimulation is emerging as a promising approach for wirelessly triggering the regeneration of different tissue types. However, it has never been explored for boosting chondrogenesis. Furthermore, the ultrasound stimulation parameters used are often not adequately controlled. In this study, we show that adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells embedded in a nanocomposite hydrogel containing piezoelectric barium titanate nanoparticles and graphene oxide nanoflakes and stimulated with ultrasound waves with precisely controlled parameters (1 MHz and 250 mW/cm2, for 5 min once every 2 days for 10 days) dramatically boost chondrogenic cell commitment in vitro. Moreover, fibrotic and catabolic factors are strongly down-modulated: proteomic analyses reveal that such stimulation influences biological processes involved in cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix organization, collagen fibril organization, and metabolic processes. The optimal stimulation regimen also has a considerable anti-inflammatory effect and keeps its ability to boost chondrogenesis in vitro, even in an inflammatory milieu. An analytical model to predict the voltage generated by piezoelectric nanoparticles invested by ultrasound waves is proposed, together with a computational tool that takes into consideration nanoparticle clustering within the cell vacuoles and predicts the electric field streamline distribution in the cell cytoplasm. The proposed nanocomposite hydrogel shows good injectability and adhesion to the cartilage tissue ex vivo, as well as excellent biocompatibility in vivo, according to ISO 10993. Future perspectives will involve preclinical testing of this paradigm for cartilage regeneration.

Levitation of air-borne strong-absorbing nanoparticle clusters dominated by photophorestic force and migration behavior under thermophorestic force

In order to explore the levitation and migration behavior of strongly absorbing nanoparticle clusters in air by using laser technique, in this study trapping and levitating nanoparticle clusters is proposed based on the counter-propagated bi-Bessel beams, and then the clusters are released to observe and analyze their migration behaviors. Two Bessel beams are generated by a conical lens and polarizing beam splitter, arranged horizontally in reverse to form a three-dimensional optical trap. The stiffness of the optical trap can be controlled by adjusting the power ratio of the two Bessel beams. The particles in the levitation chamber are fluidized through weak airflow, and then captured and levitated by a light trap. A high-speed camera is used to record the levitation and migration process of clusters. The particle motion parameters can be obtained through image analysis. The strong-absorbing ultrafine coal particle clusters are first selected to conduct the experiments on their levitation and release migration. Then, the photophorestic force, gravity, buoyancy, drag force, and thermophorestic force acting on the clusters are calculated and analyzed. The experimental and computational results indicate that the photophorestic force of air-borne strong-absorbing nanoparticle clusters generated by laser illumination dominates the levitation; nanoparticle clusters can be stably levitated in a three-dimensional potential well formed by counter-propagated bi-Bessel beams, achieving dynamic equilibrium with gravity, buoyancy, drag, etc. by adjusting the levitation position. The relative instability parameter of levitation is used to evaluate the stability of air-borne strong-absorbing nanoparticle clusters, and the minimum relative instability of ultrafine coal particle clusters reaches 0.075. By analyzing the images of nanoparticle cluster recorded by high-speed camera after being released, the migration motion parameters of the cluster can be obtained, therefore the thermophorestic force acting on the cluster is accurately measured. For the ultrafine coal particle clusters with equivalent particle sizes in a range of approximately 13–21 μm, the magnitudes of their thermophorestic forces are in a range of 10&lt;sup&gt;–11&lt;/sup&gt;–10&lt;sup&gt;–10&lt;/sup&gt; N. As the cluster size increases, the thermophorestic force increases linearly, which is consistent with the theoretical calculation trend. The use of laser to levitate and release particles provides a novel approach for measuring and analyzing thermophorestic force, and also presents a novel manipulation tool for controlling and transporting particles in a gaseous medium.

Drop-cast gold nanoparticles are not always electrocatalytically active for the borohydride oxidation reaction

A collection of single Au nanoparticles (NPs) and NP clusters were individually tested for the borohydride oxidation reaction. Significant variation in the activity could not be attributed to NP size, and ∼67% of NP locations displayed no activity.

Dynamics of poly(methyl acrylate)/poly(methyl methacrylate)-grafted-Fe3O4 nanocomposites.

We investigated the dynamics of nanocomposites prepared through mixing poly(methyl methacrylate) grafted Fe3O4 nanoparticles (PMMA-g-Fe3O4) with poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA). A key feature here different from previous dynamics measurements of polymer nanocomposites is the different chemistry between the matrix polymer and the polymer grafts, which introduces chemical heterogeneity. Transmission electron microscopy shows clear evidence of nanoparticle clustering due to the poor miscibility between the bulk PMA and the bulk PMMA. At the same time, broadband dielectric spectroscopy measurements detect two leading relaxations, i.e. the α and α* processes, where the α process is associated with the bulk PMA and the α* process from the PMA interacting with the grafted PMMA in the nanoparticle clustering region. Interestingly, the characteristic time of α*, τα*, is slightly slower than that of the α, τα, at high temperatures, and exhibits near Arrhenius temperature dependence at low temperatures. As a result, τα* and τα cross each other in the activation plot upon cooling and τα* ≪ τα is observed at temperatures approaching the glass transition temperature of PMA. These observations suggest the presence of component dynamics and the dynamics confinement effect between PMA and PMMA in the nanoparticle clustering region, highlighting an active interaction between PMA and PMMA at the interface despite their poor miscibility. These results thus suggest new routes to control interface dynamics through immiscible polymer pairs.

Unlocking the Strength of Nanocomposites: Mitigating the Impact of Nanoparticle Agglomeration on Tensile Performance

This study investigates the substantial impact of nanoparticle aggregation on the tensile strength of nanocomposite materials. Nanoparticles measuring between 10 nm and 30 nm were examined using deliberate controlled agglomeration. The smallest agglomeration size was 10 nm, while the largest was 30 nm, indicating a 200% increase in agglomerate size based on the characterization data. The equally dispersed nanoparticles in the control group also measure an average tensile strength of 53MPa from the tests conducted. On the other hand, observed that the tensile strengths of nanocomposites with introduced agglomerates were lower. In the current study, a 34% reduction was observed for samples with agglomerates of 30 nm to a value of 35 MPa from the control. On the other hand, the sample prepared with the agglomerates of size 10 nm and 15 nm provided 50 MPa and 45 MPa of strength, respectively. Outcome shows that tensile strength is in negative correlation with the size of agglomeration and therefore, yield that the larger agglomerate reduce the mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. This study stresses that the agglomeration has to be regulated, and how the formation of nanoparticle clusters have a negative impact on the tensile strength of the nanocomposites, in order to enhance the mechanical properties of nanocomposite materials. These findings are useful in planning improved nanocomposites with improved mechanical properties for use in a wide-range of applications in engineering.