Nanocasting Technique Research Articles

Hierarchical Rose Petal Surfaces Delay the Early-Stage Bacterial Biofilm Growth.

A variety of natural surfaces exhibit antibacterial properties; as a result, significant efforts in the past decade have been dedicated toward fabrication of biomimetic surfaces that can help control biofilm growth. Examples of such surfaces include rose petals, which possess hierarchical structures like the micropapillae measuring tens of microns and nanofolds that range in the size of 700 ± 100 nm. We duplicated the natural structures on rose petal surfaces via a simple UV-curable nanocasting technique and tested the efficacy of these artificial surfaces in preventing biofilm growth using clinically relevant bacteria strains. The rose petal-structured surfaces exhibited hydrophobicity (contact angle (CA) ≈ 130.8° ± 4.3°) and high CA hysteresis (∼91.0° ± 4.9°). Water droplets on rose petal replicas evaporated following the constant contact line mode, indicating the likely coexistence of both Cassie and Wenzel states (Cassie-Baxter impregnating the wetting state). Fluorescence microscopy and image analysis revealed the significantly lower attachment of Staphylococcus epidermidis (86.1 ± 6.2% less) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (85.9 ± 3.2% less) on the rose petal-structured surfaces, compared with flat surfaces over a period of 2 h. An extensive biofilm matrix was observed in biofilms formed by both species on flat surfaces after prolonged growth (several days), but was less apparent on rose petal-biomimetic surfaces. In addition, the biomass of S. epidermidis (63.2 ± 9.4% less) and P. aeruginosa (76.0 ± 10.0% less) biofilms were significantly reduced on the rose petal-structured surfaces, in comparison to the flat surfaces. By comparing P. aeruginosa growth on representative unitary nanopillars, we demonstrated that hierarchical structures are more effective in delaying biofilm growth. The mechanisms are two-fold: (1) the nanofolds across the hemispherical micropapillae restrict initial attachment of bacterial cells and delay the direct contact of cells via cell alignment and (2) the hemispherical micropapillae arrays isolate bacterial clusters and inhibit the formation of a fibrous network. The hierarchical features on rose petal surfaces may be useful for developing strategies to control biofilm formation in medical and industrial contexts.

Anchoring ultrafine Co3O4 grains on reduced oxide graphene by dual-template nanocasting strategy for high-energy solid state supercapacitor

Co3O4-based materials are regarded as superior electrode candidates in various energy storage devices due to their high theoretical capacity. Unfortunately, the poor electronic conductivity and huge volume expansion hamper their widespread applications. Therefore, nano-processing and introducing conductive matrix can view as the necessary methods to make Co3O4-based materials better for an advanced supercapacitor electrode. Herein, a dual-template nanocasting technique is proposed to design the ultrafine Co3O4 grains highly-dispersed on the reduced oxide graphene nanosheets (Co3O4/rGO-C), in which cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide and silicate species are hired as the ideal soft and hard template, respectively. Co3O4 grains with size <10 nm can expose more active sites and thus exert more redox activities to enhance the capacitive performance. In additional, ∼4 nm moderate pores are obtained in Co3O4/rGO-C after the hard template removing, which provides more diffusion channels for ion/electron rapid transport and also effectively alleviates the volume expansion on cycling. Consequently, the Co3O4/rGO-C electrode exhibits a remarkable specific capacitance (709.1 F g−1 at 1 A g−1) and long-term endurance (91.2% after 6000 cycles). Furthermore, an assembled solid-state asymmetric device of Co3O4/rGO-C||rGO delivers a super-high energy-density of 48.2 Wh kg−1 at 750.5 W kg−1. The high energy-density assists two devices in lightning a red light-emitting diode for 340 s. These results evidence the nanocasting strategy as an efficient method to achieve the advanced electrode materials for energy storage devices.

Furfuryl alcohol-derived carbon monoliths for CO2 capture: adsorption isotherm and kinetic study

Porous carbon monoliths have been synthesized using furfuryl alcohol as a carbon precursor in the nanocasting technique. The highest surface area of 1225 m2g−1 was found for the carbon monolith exhibited the micropore volume of 0.85 cm3 g−1. The various functional groups have been obtained on the surface of the adsorbent which increases its basicity as confirmed from the XPS analysis. The dynamic CO2 uptake was 1.0 mmol g−1 at 30°C using temperature swing adsorption set up under 12.5% CO2 flow. The effect of various adsorption temperatures along with CO2 concentrations on the adsorption capacity was also investigated. The increase in the CO2 uptake capacity by rising the temperature from 30°C onwards to 100°C confirms the involvement of exothermic and physisorption process. Also, the experiments for five adsorption-desorption cyclic runs were conducted for the regeneration study, indicating the good stability and reusabilty of the samples.

Highly anti-sintering and anti-coking ordered mesoporous silica carbide supported nickel catalyst for high temperature CO methanation

The inhibition of sintering and coking of supported nickel catalysts remains a great challenge in high-temperature carbon-monoxide (CO) methanation. Ordered mesoporous silica carbide (OM-SiC) was fabricated via a nanocasting technique as a nickel catalyst support for CO methanation. Compared with either SiC or SBA-15 supported nickel catalysts, the Ni/OM-SiC exhibited the best activity for CO methanation from 240 to 600 °C, originated from the highest dispersion of Ni. Below 800 °C, 1.0 MPa, and a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 15,000 mL g−1 h−1, a superior activity is close to the theoretical values. In addition, the Ni/OM-SiC catalyst shows far superior anti-coking and anti-sintering properties than the other two kinds of catalysts. The improved catalytic performance can be attributed to a unique pore structure that offers a spatial confinement effect for the nickel particles, and the high thermal conductivity that avoids the formation of hot-spots during reaction. These findings are helpful to develop an efficient nickel-based methanation catalyst to produce synthetic natural gas.

Facile Nanocasting of Dielectric Metasurfaces with Sub-100 nm Resolution

This work presents a facile nanocasting technique to fabricate dielectric metasurfaces at low cost and high throughput. A flexible polymer mold is replicated from a master mold, and then the polymer mold is used to shape particle-embedded UV-curable polymer resin. The polymer mold is compatible with flexible and curved substrates. A hard-polydimethylsiloxane improves mechanical stability of the polymer mold providing sub-100 nm patterning resolution. The patterned resin itself can work as a metasurface without secondary operations because dielectric particles sufficiently increase the refractive index of the resin. The absence of the secondary operations allows our method to have higher productivity and cost competitiveness than those of typical nanoimprint lithography. Experimental demonstration verifies the feasibility of our method, and the replicated metasurface exhibits a conversion efficiency of 46% in the visible, which is comparable to metasurfaces based on low-loss dielectrics. Given that conventional dielectric metasurfaces have been fabricated by electron beam lithography at formidable cost due to low throughput, our method will be a promising nanofabrication platform and thereby facilitate commercialization of dielectric metasurfaces.

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, ADSORPTION AND THERMODYNAMIC STUDIES OF PURE AND BINARY CO2-N2 MIXTURES ON OXYGEN ENRICHED NANOSTRUCTURED CARBON ADSORBENTS

Abstract Oxygen enriched porous carbons have been synthesized by a nanocasting technique using mesoporous zeolite as template and epoxy resin as precursor. Characterization results show the effect of the nanocasting technique on the development of heterogeneous surface, high basicity, and high surface area of 686.37 m2g-1, beneficial for CO2 adsorption. Pure component adsorption isotherms were correlated with Langmuir, Sips, and dual-site Langmuir (DSL) models and found that Sips and DSL isotherm models fitted well, indicating thre heterogeneous nature of the adsorbent surface. Dynamic breakthrough data for the binary system CO2-N2 were obtained using a fixed-bed column at different adsorption temperatures (30-100 °C) and CO2 feed concentrations (5-12.5% by volume). The developed adsorbent shows high adsorption capacity with complete regenerability over four adsorption/desorption cycles. Prediction of binary components (CO2-N2) was made by using extended Sips, extended DSL and IAST (ideal adsorbed solution theory) by utilizing pure component adsorption isotherm data. Experimental and predicted equilibrium data were compared with breakthrough curve data and it was found that the extended forms (Sips and DSL) indicated under-predicted CO2 adsorption equilibria because of differences in adsorptive strengths of CO2 and N2 molecules. Also, adsorption equilibria were closely predicted using IAST theory. Asymmetric x-y diagrams from Raoult’s law indicated positive deviation, implying that as the CO2 gas phase molar fraction increases, total adsorbed amounts increase. Negative values of molar Gibbs free energy change suggested feasibility of the adsorption process. Formation of a more ordered configuration of CO2 molecules on the adsorbent surface was seen as a higher heat of adsorption was exhibited for CO2 as compared to N2.

Effect of Structure-Controlled Ruthenium Oxide by Nanocasting in Electrocatalytic Oxygen and Chlorine Evolution Reactions in Acidic Conditions

RuO2 has been used for various applications because of its good catalytic properties. To further improve its electrocatalytic properties, we used a nanocasting technique. By using this technique, we obtained structure-controlled (SC) RuO2 with a high surface area and an ordered porous structure, which created enhanced electrocatalytic properties over commercial RuO2 nanoparticles for both oxygen and chlorine evolution reactions.

Synthesis of sulphur enriched carbon monoliths for dynamic CO2 capture

Advanced and effective adsorbents synthesized via cost-effective methods are needed for CO2 capture applications. Heteroatom doping is regarded as one of the major factor of the porous carbons for efficient CO2 adsorption. In the present study, oxygen and sulfur enriched carbon monoliths were prepared using nanocasting technique followed by chemical activation method. Low-cost phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin and sodium thiosulphate were chosen as the carbon and sulfur source, respectively. The surface area of the monolithic carbons varied from 390 to 510 m2 g−1 and sulfur content was 2.89 wt% in the S-doped monolith. The effect of different adsorptive operating conditions i.e. adsorption temperatures and CO2 concentrations on the CO2 capture capacities were evaluated. The nanocasted monoliths exhibited excellent dynamic adsorption capacities (1.35–2.10 mmol g−1), which are much greater than in the case of direct carbonized PF sample (0.97 mmol g−1). This is ascribed to the fact that the surface area gets enhanced by implementing nanocasting method whereas the incorporation of oxygen and sulfur functionalities increases the basic character of the monoliths. The as-prepared monolith shows the stable and excellent regenerability over subsequent adsorption and desorption cycles. Moreover, the Temkin isotherm model best fitting with adsorption data indicates the heterogeneous surface of the monoliths. Combined with the effective synthesis of the monoliths, high CO2 uptake, and easy regenerability could make it a most suitable material for CO2 adsorption in the practical applications.

Superhydrophobic behavior of magnesium oxychloride cement surface with a dual-level fractal structure

Abstract The poor water-resistance mechanism of magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC) is well understood in the past decades due to cations and anions in the hydration products. It is difficult to achieve the hydrophobic property on this kind of inorganic material surface. In the present work, MOC with a superhydrophobic surface was fabricated by the nanocasting technique using sandpaper as the template. The water contact angle on the superhydrophobic MOC surface reached up to ∼142°. The fractal dimensions of the MOC surface with different roughness ratios were calculated by box-counting method. The results suggest that the water contact angle increases with the increase of surface roughness ratio. A modified Wenzel equation was proposed and verified with experimental data to predict the hydrophobicity of MOC surface. The contact angle hysteresis on the superhydrophobic MOC surface was found to be less than 5° due to the nano-rods microstructure of phase 5. Based on the results, it was concluded that the dual-level fractal structure in micro- and nano-scales, e.g. micro papilla and nano-forest, contributed to the superhydrophobic behavior of the MOC composed of hydrophilic substances. In addition, self-cleaning was achieved on the superhydrophobic MOC surface.

Biomimetic Polyimide-Supported Cuprous Oxide Photocatalytic Film with Tunable Hydrophobicity, Improved Thermal Stability, and Photocatalytic Activity toward CO2 Reduction

Flexible and thermally stable polyimide (PI) films containing a hierarchical surface structure were synthesized as substrates to support visible-light active cuprous oxide for photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide for the first time. With the nanocasting technique, the surface structure on the leaves of Xanthosoma sagittifolium was successfully duplicated on PI films. Followed by the ion-exchange process and adequate thermal treatment, cuprous oxide nanoparticles were successfully immobilized on the artificial PI leaves and exhibited the capability to photoreduce carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide under visible-light illumination. With the selection of biomimetic structures and adjustment of fabrication parameters, the hydrophobicity and optical absorption edge of the photocatalytic film were tunable. An increase in hydrophobicity improved the yield of carbon monoxide. The introduction of a hierarchical structure on the surface and cuprous oxide within the matrix dramatically enhanced the thermal st...

Near‐Room‐Temperature Ethanol Gas Sensor Based on Mesoporous Ag/Zn–LaFeO3 Nanocomposite

AbstractThe rational design of heterojunction between different metal oxides with mesoporous structures has attracted tremendous attention due to their special physicochemical properties and vital importance for practical applications. In this paper, mesoporous Ag/Zn–LaFeO3 nanocomposite is successfully synthesized through a facile nanocasting technique using KIT‐6 as a hard template in sol–gel route and used as sensing materials to achieve an exceptionally sensitive and selective detection of trace ppm‐level ethanol. The obtained composite possesses high surface area and exhibits excellent sensing response (64.2 for 100 ppm) to ethanol at near‐room with relatively fast response/recovery time. When tested with the concentrations as low as 5 ppm, it also shows a remarkably high selectivity to the ethanol, but only minor responses to other interfering gases. These enhanced gas‐sensing properties are attributed to the combination of mesoporous nanostructure and Ag/Zn–LaFeO3 heterogeneous composites.

Synthesis of porous carbon monolith adsorbents for carbon dioxide capture: Breakthrough adsorption study

Abstract Carbon monoliths with bimodal porosity were obtained through nanocasting technique from silica monoliths (hard template) and furfuryl alcohol (precursor). These carbon adsorbents were evaluated as sorbents for CO2 capture by using a fixed-bed adsorption set up under dynamic conditions. Carbonization at different temperatures (550 to 950 °C) was carried out that resulted in the generation of different carbon adsorbents containing oxygen functional groups. The textural characterization results reveal the effect of nanocasting technique, which is confirmed from the generation of mesopores (0.41), micropores (0.85 cm3 g−1) and high surface area (1225.1 m2 g−1) of adsorbent synthesized at 950 °C, as shows highest CO2 uptake of 1.0 mmol g−1 at 30 °C and 12.5% CO2 concentration. The increase in the adsorption capacity with increasing CO2 concentration and decrease with the increasing adsorption temperature confirms the physisorption process. Five adsorption–desorption cycles show established materials with excellent regeneration stability as an adsorbent. Furthermore, three kinetic models along with three isotherms were used in the present study to analyze the adsorption data and found that fractional order kinetic model and Temkin isotherm fitted best. Thermodynamic studies suggested the exothermic, spontaneous as well as the feasibile nature of the adsorption process.

Mesoporous MoSe2/C composite as anode material for sodium/lithium ion batteries

A mesoporous MoSe2/C composite is synthesized through a nano-casting technique along with heat treatment. Nano-silica particles are used as templates to create mesopores. Homogeneously dispersed Molybdenum and selenium particles in the starch substrate are reacted with each other to formed MoSe2 nanosheets when subjected to heat-treatment. Meanwhile, the starch is carbonized into carbon. The mesoporous MoSe2/C composite is investigated as an anode material for both lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). It presents good storage capacity for both lithium ions and sodium ions. Under the current density of 200 mA g−1, the mesoporous MoSe2/C composite exhibits reversible capacity of 618 mA h g−1 for LIBs and 360 mA h g−1 for SIBs after 300 cycles. The superior electrochemical performance could be ascribed to the mesoporous structure of MoSe2/C composite which provides sufficient space for accommodating huge volumetric expansion and the charge product, selenium.

CO2 adsorption on oxygen enriched nanostructured carbons derived from silica templated resorcinol-formaldehyde

Carbon dioxide capture needs development of cost effective CO2 capture technologies. This paper describes oxygen enriched nanostructured carbons synthesized from nanocasting technique using mesoporous silica as template and resorcinol-formaldehyde as precursor. Carbonization at various temperatures (600°C–800°C) was carried out to develop range of carbon adsorbents. Thorough characterization of textural, surface and chemical properties was carried out on prepared carbons and evaluated for CO2 capture performance using thermogravimetric analyser under dynamic conditions. Highest dynamic CO2 uptake capacity was reported to be 1.5mmolg−1 by SRF-700 at 30°C in 100% pure CO2. The CO2 uptake performance of the prepared carbons is affected by both the textural properties and surface chemistry. Four adsorption–desorption cycles established the material with complete stability and regenerability. Fractional order kinetic model completely described CO2 adsorption on prepared carbons. Thermodynamic parameter values suggested spontaneous, random and exothermic nature of the process. Energetically heterogeneous surface of adsorbent was confirmed by best fitting of Temkin isotherm and random pattern of isosteric heat of adsorption with surface coverage. Approximately, 1.82MJ per kg CO2 thermal energy is required for desorption process.

Catalytic graphitization in nanocast carbon monoliths by iron, cobalt and nickel nanoparticles

Hierarchically porous carbon monoliths containing metal (Fe, Co, Ni) nanoparticles were synthesized in a one-pot synthesis through a nanocasting technique using silica (SiO2) as the template. The macropore structure of SiO2 has been replicated in nanocast carbon and N2 adsorption analysis shows that the monoliths have high surface area, high mesopore volume, and that micropores are also present. The temperature effect on catalytic graphitization was studied by using x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Raman spectroscopy. It is observed that iron was capable of producing turbostratic carbon at 500 °C, while turbostratic carbon was produced at temperatures of 700 °C when cobalt and nickel are present. Iron, cobalt, and nickel were found to be good graphitization catalysts with the order of catalytic activity being iron > cobalt > nickel. Raman spectroscopy experiments provide insight into the degree of ordering of the carbon of each sample and are in agreement with the results from the other techniques: with increasing pyrolysis temperature, with and without the presence of metals, ordering of amorphous carbon is confirmed. Detailed analysis of the Raman spectroscopic data showed clear differences between the metal catalyzed and non-catalyzed samples enabling the contributions from the two different mechanisms to be clearly distinguished.

Iron Fluoride Packaged into 3D Order Mesoporous Carbons as High-Performance Sodium-Ion Battery Cathode Material

The FeF3·0.33H2O nanoparticles packaged into three-dimensional order mesoporous carbons (3D-OMCs) as cathode material of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) was deliberately designed and fabricated by a facile nanocasting technique and mesoporous silica KIT-6 template. The structure, morphology, elemental distribution and electrochemical performance of FeF3·0.33H2O@3D-OMCs nanocomposite are investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDS), Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical measurement. The results show that the as-synthesized FeF3·0.33H2O nanoparticles are perfectly packaged in 3D-OMCs matrix, and the size and morphology of FeF3·0.33H2O nanoparticles can be effectively controlled. Furthermore, it has been found that the FeF3·0.33H2O@3D-OMCs nanocomposite can deliver a high first discharge capacity of 386 mAh g−1 and excellent capacity reservation after 100 cycles at a rate of 20 mA g−1 in the voltage range of 1.0–4.0 V. Especially, even up to 100 mA g−1, the discharge capacity is still as high as 201 mAh g−1, indicating a remarkable rate capability. The excellent electrochemical properties of FeF3·0.33H2O@3D-OMCs nanocomposite can be because the 3D mesoporous structure of 3D-OMCs can provide an expressway of electron transfer for Na+ insertion/extraction, and alleviate the drastic volume variation of FeF3·0.33H2O in the charge-discharge process.

SERS self-monitoring of Ag-catalyzed reaction by magnetically separable mesoporous Fe3O4@Ag@mSiO2

Well-dispersed Fe3O4@Ag@mSiO2 nanoparticle was fabricated by encapsulating Ag into yolk-shell structured Fe3O4@mSiO2 composed of superparamagnetic Fe3O4 core and mesoporous SiO2 shell with bi-solvent nanocasting technique using AgNO3 as the precursor. Ag can dwell in both the cavity between Fe3O4 and mesoporous SiO2 as an asymmetric shell and the mesoporous channel, or exclusively fill the cavity through increasing the reduction temperature of AgNO3 from 350 to 550 °C. The asymmetric Ag shell proves to be high SERS-sensitive for the detection of methyl blue dispersed in ethanol solution as assisted by magnetically separation, with an enhanced factor of 5.02 × 104. The SERS self-monitoring NaBH4 reduction of p-nitrothiophenol catalyzed by Ag nanoclusters in the pore channel was further in situ and real-time achieved with an excellent recyclability.

Synthesis of nitrogen enriched porous carbons from urea formaldehyde resin and their carbon dioxide adsorption capacity

Carbon dioxide capture needs development of cost effective CO2 capture technologies. This paper describes nitrogen enriched porous carbons synthesized from nanocasting technique using mesoporous silica as template and urea-formaldehyde resin as precursor. These carbon materials were evaluated as sorbents for CO2 capture by using a thermogravimetric analysis under dynamic conditions. Carbonization and physical activation with CO2 at different temperatures (500–800°C) were carried out that resulted in the generation of different carbon adsorbents containing nitrogen functional groups. The textural characterization result reveals effect of nanocasting technique, which is confirmed from the generation of mesopores (0.644cm3g−1), micropores (0.123cm3g−1) and high surface area (337.07m2g−1) of adsorbent. The CO2 capture capacity depends more on the nitrogen functionalities in addition to textural properties and nitrogen content, as the sample synthesized at 700°C shows highest uptake capacity of 1.3mmolg−1. Furthermore, it was found that adsorbent can be easily regenerated, which was also seen by the lower value of isosteric heat of adsorption. Ten adsorption-desorption cycles show established materials’ excellent stability as an adsorbent. Different kinetic models were fitted for the adsorption data and on the basis of correlation coefficient (R2), fractional order provided best fit with the experimental data. The heterogeneous nature of the adsorbent surface was seen by best fitting of Freundlich isotherm and from the pattern of isosteric heat of adsorption. Exothermic, spontaneous and feasible nature was suggested by thermodynamic parameters’ values. The thermal energy needed for desorption of CO2 from the adsorbent surface was around 1.28MJ per kg CO2.

Epoxy based oxygen enriched porous carbons for CO2 capture

Oxygen enriched carbon adsorbents were successfully synthesized for the first time from template zeolite and epoxy resin as precursor using a nanocasting technique. Carbonization and CO2 activation were performed at various temperatures (500–800°C) to prepare different carbon structure adsorbents. Several characterization techniques were used to characterize the textural structure, oxygen content and surface functional groups of the adsorbents. The carbon adsorbents show high oxygen content (47.51%), highest surface area (SBET=686.37m2g−1) and pore volume (0.60cm3g−1), respectively. The materials were evaluated thermogravimetrically at different adsorption temperatures (30–100°C) and CO2 concentrations (6–100%). Adsorbent prepared at 700°C exhibited highest CO2 uptake of 0.91mmolg−1 due to high surface basicity. Further, regeneration studies of adsorbent exhibited easy regenerability and stability over four multiple adsorptions-desorption cycles. Kinetic models for CO2 adsorption at various CO2 concentrations and temperatures were studied and it was found that the fractional order provided best fitting for the adsorption behavior with an error of less than 3%. The experimental data for CO2 adsorption were analyzed using different isothermal models and found that the Freundlich isothermal model presented perfect fit among all isotherm models depicting heterogeneous adsorbent surface. The isosteric heat of adsorption was estimated to be 11.75kJmol−1, indicating physiosorption process. Overall, the above results suggested that the synthesized adsorbent using nanocasting technique provides a feasible way for CO2 capture from point source due to their environmentally benign nature, low cost and stable adsorption capacity.

Melamine-formaldehyde derived porous carbons for adsorption of CO2 capture

In this work, we report carbon adsorbents obtained from high nitrogen content melamine-formaldehyde resin as starting material and mesoporous zeolite MCM-41 as template through nanocasting technique. To synthesize different carbon structure adsorbents with improved textural and surface properties, the material undergo carbonization followed by physical activation under CO2 atmosphere at different temperatures. Characterizations of the adsorbents using SEM, TEM, XPS, nitrogen sorption, CHN, TKN, and TPD have been carried out. Characterization results reveal the development of nanostructured carbon adsorbents with better texture and surface properties as compared to the sample prepared by direct carbonization. Sample prepared at carbonization-activation temperature of 700 °C shows highest basicity, surface area (193.28 m2 g−1) and pore volume (0.32 cm3 g−1). Performance evaluation of adsorbent was performed thermo gravimetrically at different temperatures and concentrations and was found that the adsorbent synthesized at 700 °C exhibit highest CO2 uptake of 0.93 mmol g−1 with nitrogen content of 22.73%. It was found that both surface area and nitrogen functional group have a major impact on adsorption capacity. Physiosorption process was confirmed by a decrease in adsorption capacity with increase in temperature. Three kinetic models and isotherms were used in this study and found that fractional order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm best fitted with the experimental data. Isotherm study depicts the heterogeneous nature of adsorbent surface. Adsorbent exhibited complete regenerability and was stable over four adsorption-desorption cycles. Low value of isosteric heat of adsorption of 15.75 kJ mol−1, indicates physiosorption process. Negative value of ΔG0 and ΔH0 confirms spontaneous, feasible and exothermic nature of adsorption process.