Nano Copper Oxide Research Articles

Synergistic Effect of Carbon Nanotubes, Zinc, and Copper Oxides on Rheological Properties of Fracturing Fluid: A Comparative Study

Nanomaterials play a beneficial role in enhancing the rheological behavior of fracturing (frac) fluid by reacting with intermolecular structures. The inclusion of these materials into the fluid improves its stability, increases the viscosity of polymers, and enhances its resistance to high temperature and pressure. In this investigation, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs), nano-zinc oxides (N-ZnO), and nano-copper oxides (N-CuO) have been utilized to ameliorate the rheological properties of water-based fracturing fluid. Different concentrations of these aforementioned nanomaterials were prepared to determine their effects on the rheological behavior of the fluid. The results revealed that the size of nanoparticles ranged from 10 to 500 nm, 300 nm, and 295 nm for CNTs, N-ZnO, and N-CuO, respectively. Moreover, employing CNTs exhibited a resistance of 550 cp at 25 °C and reached 360 cp at 50 °C with a CNT concentration of 0.5 g/L. In contrast, N-CuO and N-ZnO showed a resistance of 206 cp at 25 °C and significantly decreased to 17 cp and 16 cp with higher concentrations of 10 g/L and 1 g/L, respectively. Based on these findings, this study recommends utilizing CNTs to enhance fracking fluid’s chemical and physical properties, which need to be highly viscous and stable under reservoir conditions.

Deposition time effect on copper oxide nano structures, an analysis study using chemical method

Deposition time effect on copper oxide nano structures, an analysis study using chemical method

Preparation of nanocomposites for corrosion treatment

Nano-copper oxide was prepared by utilizing photolysis method and characteristic by using FT-IR, XRD and SEM; the nano size was about 51 nm, environmental impact (pollution reduction) can be improved by using nanostructure particles in preventing corrosion, and nanocomposites have also proven to be an effective alternative to other hazardous and toxic compounds. The results of the current article indicated that the inhibition efficiency increases with increasing concentration of nano-oxide which is added to methyl orange, curcumin, the corrosion rate (CR), inhibition effectiveness were studied at different temperatures. The results showed an increase corrosion rate and a decrease in inhibition efficiency with increase temperature.
 KEY WORDS: Corrosion, Inhibitors, Copper oxide, Nanocomposites
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(2), 501-509. 
 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i2.17

Nano copper in the diet of laying quails: productive performance, metabolism, and tissue concentration.

The study evaluated the use of nano copper in semi-purified diets for laying quails and its effect on performance, metabolic state, and bioavailability. A total of 160 (180-days-old) quails were distributed in a completely randomized design, in a 3x3+1 factorial. The copper sources used were copper sulfate, copper oxide, and nano copper oxide, at levels of 200, 400, and 800 ppm each, totaling nine treatments plus a negative control (with no copper inclusion). The following variables were determined: weight gain, feed intake, egg production, egg weight, hemoglobin, hematocrit, Cu in the tissues and Cu bioavailability. Data were subjected to analysis of variance at 5% probability. The effect of sources and levels, as well as the interaction between the factors were evaluated. When interaction was observed, the effect of sources was evaluated separately by the Tukey's test and the effect of levels by regression, both at 5% probability. Copper nano oxide can be used at up to 800 ppm in the diet of laying quails without altering the productive performance, and with higher bioavailability than conventional copper oxide. Hemoglobin increases with the inclusion of 200 and 400 ppm of nano copper oxide and the hematocrit with 400 ppm.

Energizing the Thermal Conductivity and Optical Performance of Salt Hydrate Phase Change Material Using Copper (II) Oxide Nano Additives for Sustainable Thermal Energy Storage

Due to intermittent nature of solar energy, scientists and researchers are working to develop thermal energy storage (TES) systems for effectively use the solar energy. One promising avenue involves utilizing phase change materials (PCMs), but primary challenge lies in their limited thermal conductivity, which results in slower heat transfer rate and lower thermal energy storage density. The present research work demonstrates, to develop and explore a PCM composite by embedding salt hydrate and coper (II) oxide to enhance the heat transfer mechanism for potential utilization of TES material. The optical behavior, and thermal conductivity were analyzed by using Ultraviolet visible spectrum, and thermal property analyzer. The developed copper oxide dispersed PCM composite displayed the thermal conductivity was energized up to 71.5 % without affecting the other properties. Also, the optical absorptance was remarkably enhanced and the transmittance reduced to 87 %. Increasing the concentration of copper oxide nanoparticles in the salt hydrate PCM improves the optical absorptivity and heat conductivity. With these extraordinary abilities the nanocomposite could play a significant role in progress of sustainable TES with significance to contribute towards sustainable development goal of affordable and clean energy and climate change.

The Impact of Nano Copper Oxide Coating on Glass Beads for Enhancing Heat Transfer in Gas-Solid Fluidized Beds

The Impact of Nano Copper Oxide Coating on Glass Beads for Enhancing Heat Transfer in Gas-Solid Fluidized Beds

Correlation of Efficient Dispersion and Catalytic Performance of Nanocombustion Catalysts in Energetic Materials: A Case Study of the Nanocopper Oxide Catalyst with Superfine Ammonium Perchlorate.

Obviously, the dispersion of nanocatalytic materials has significant influence on their catalytic performance. In this study, an evaluation method for the dispersion of nanomaterials was established according to the different solid UV absorptions of different substances by taking the dispersion of nanocopper oxide (nano-CuO) in superfine ammonium perchlorate (AP) as an example. The nano-CuO/superfine AP composites with different nano-CuO dispersions can be obtained by changing the process parameters, such as varying the grinding method, the grinding strength, and the grinding time. Three replicate experiments were carried out for different composites to derive the average values of absorbance at 212 nm, and the dispersion of nano-CuO in superfine AP was calculated using the difference equation, as the solid UV curves at 210-214 nm were almost identical for each sample, especially at 212 nm. The properties of different samples were tested by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (TG-MS). The results show that the particle size and structure of superfine AP in the composites prepared by different methods were not changed. The XRD and IR techniques in this study were unable to characterize the dispersion of nano-CuO in the composites due to its low content. The dispersion of nano-CuO in the nano-CuO/superfine AP composites was significantly enhanced with the increase of grinding strength and grinding time, and the dispersion of nano-CuO was positively correlated with its catalytic performance, which means that the thermal decomposition performance of different composites improved with the increasing dispersion of nano-CuO. Highly dispersed nano-CuO exhibited a significant catalytic effect on superfine AP in TG-MS. The above conclusions demonstrate the accuracy of the difference equation for evaluating the dispersion of nanomaterials based on solid UV curves, which is expected to be used extensively in evaluating the dispersion of nanocatalytic materials in energetic materials.

A new nanocomposite of copper oxide and magnetite intercalated into Attapulgite clay to enhance the radiation shielding

The effects of Magnetite (Fe3O4) on the radiation shielding properties of different nanocomposites from Attapulgite (ATP) intercalated with different copper oxide (CuO) and magnetite nano (Fe3O4) concentrations were investigated. Different nanocomposites from ATP intercalated with different copper oxide CuO and magnetite nano Fe3O4 concentrations have been synthesized and implemented toward radiation attenuation. The different percent were as the following 40% ATP + X Fe3O4 + (60%–X) CuO that abbreviated to [AT40FeXCu60-x] where X = 15.0%, 30.0%, 45.0%. The ATP and one of the prepared nanocomposites have been characterized using different techniques: FT-IR, TGA, XRD, EDX, and SEM. The density of the synthesized materials was determined. Then their radiation shielding properties were established using GEANT4 and Phy-X software in the selected range of photon energies of 0.015 – 15 MeV. The linear attenuation coefficient (μ), the mass attenuation coefficient (μm), the mean free path (MFP), the half value layer (T1/2), the tenth value layer (T1/10), the effective atomic number (Zeff), and the equivalent atomic number (Zeq) have been calculated to find out the radiation shielding characteristics of the new novel nanocomposites. The μm values were varied from 4.5894 to 0.0204 cm2 g-1 for Base, from 11.9780 to 0.02172 cm2 g-1 for AT40Fe15Cu45, from 12.5030 to 0.02190 cm2 g-1 for AT40Fe45Cu15 and finally from 12.2480 to 0.02181 cm2 g-1 for AT40Fe30Cu30 at photon energy range from 0.015 to 15 MeV. The results showed that the values of the radiation shielding parameters increased with increasing nano Fe3O4 concentration, and the AT40Fe45Cu15 sample has the highest μm and μ and lowest T1/2, T1/10 and MFP. The results of this study have important implications for the development of new radiation-shielding materials. ATP-doped Fe3O4-CuO glasses are a promising new class of radiation shielding materials with improved properties. In conclusion, the study found that the nanocomposite materials with higher nano Fe3O4 concentration have better shielding qualities against γ-rays and neutrons. The AT40Fe45Cu15 sample has the highest shielding qualities for γ-rays, while the AT40Fe30Cu30 sample has the highest fast neutron removal cross-section.

A study on melt spinning of polyethylene terephthalate filament yarns containing various concentrations of synthesized CuO nanoparticles

AbstractIn this research the CuO nanoparticles were synthesized with four different methods then used to produce polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers with antibacterial, antifungal, and photocatalytic properties during the melt spinning process. Nanoparticles were synthesized in different ways using copper acetate salt (Cu(CH3COO)2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The synthesis of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles was confirmed by field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM images), EDX patterns, TGA, FTIR, X‐ray diffraction pattern XRD, and UV‐vis absorption spectrum. The results showed that synthesized nanoparticles exhibited strong antibacterial activity against gram‐positive and gram‐negative bacteria. Finally, after examining the fibers with different percentages of nanoparticles), fibers containing 1% of nanoparticles were produced using a 20% nanocopper oxide masterbatch as the optimal sample. The presence of nanoparticles in the fiber structure was confirmed by FE‐SEM images, EDX, XRD, and FTIR analysis. Furthermore, the tensile properties, thermal behavior, and photocatalytic properties of the fibers were investigated. Evaluation of the antibacterial and antifungal activity of the produced fibers against gram‐positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans fungus showed about 90% death of bacteria and fungi.

Catalytic oxidative degradation of crystal violet dye using NanoCopper oxide encapsulated zeolite catalyst

A new active zeolite supported copper catalyst was developed from coal fly ash (FA) by immobilization of copper nanoparticles. Zeolite (Zeo) was created by FA via acid and hydrothermal synthesis methods. The metal salt CuCl2 was reduced to copper nanoparticle by using (nithyakalyani) Catharanthus roseus leaf extract. The formed copper nanoparticle was encapsulated into the zeolite framework by mechanical stirring followed by calcination at 550 °C. The prepared CuO-Zeo catalyst has been defined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques. Catalytic activity of the synthesized CuO-Zeo catalyst was investigated by crystal violet dye degradation by wet catalytic method in the presence of H2O2. Effect of catalyst dosage, catalyst variation, dye content, volume of H2O2 and pH were studied. It was observed that the catalytic activity of bare Zeo is negligible and is enhanced by copper encapsulation and also the efficiency of the catalyst is tested and 95% is maintained. The work highlights the design and development of green catalyst from waste material FA.

Copper in different forms and tetracycline affect behavior and risk of antibiotic resistome in thermophilic anaerobic digestion of cattle manure.

The metagenomics-based behavior and risk of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were investigated during cattle manure thermophilic anaerobic digestion with tetracycline and copper, namely, bulk-copper oxide, nano-copper oxide, and copper sulfate, which are common feed additives. Although bulk-copper oxide reduced ARGs' diversity, it enriched high-risk ARGs the most than the other two copper species, while copper sulfate could strongly mitigate the ARG risk by decreasing their abundances. Compared to corresponding individual effects, copper and tetracycline combinations may decrease ARGs' co-occurrence potential by 22.0%, and particularly, tetracycline combined separately with copper sulfate and nano-copper oxide reduces the ARGs' risk in abundance (by 7.2%) and human health (by 4.0%). These were mainly driven by bioavailable copper, volatile fatty acids, and pH, as well as the main potential hosts in phyla Firmicutes, Coprothermobacterota, and Euryarchaeota. Notably, the twin risks of pathogenicity and ARGs should be emphasized due to the ARGs' positive correlation with human pathogens of Clostridioides difficile and Arcobacter peruensis. These findings are important for understanding the potential ARGs' risk in treatments of livestock wastes containing feed additives of different sizes and speciation.

Advanced Composite Materials for Structure Strengthening and Resilience Improvement

Advanced composite materials have excellent performance and broad engineering application prospects, and have received widespread attention in recent years. Advanced composite materials can mainly be divided into fiber-reinforced composite materials, laminated composite materials, matrix composite materials, and other composite materials. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the types and characteristics of advanced composite materials, and provides a comprehensive evaluation of the latest research on structural strengthening and resilience improvement in advanced composite materials from the perspectives of new methods, modeling optimization, and practical applications. In the field of fiber-reinforced composite materials, the hybrid technology of carbon fiber and glass fiber can achieve dual advantages in combining the two materials. The maximum increase in mechanical properties of multilayer sandwich RH plate by hybrid technology is 435.4% (tensile strength), 149.2% (flexural strength), and 110.7~114.2% (shear strength), respectively. In the field of laminated composite materials, different mechanical properties of laminated composite materials can be obtained by changing the deposition sequence. In the field of matrix composites, nano copper oxide particles prepared by nanotechnology can increase the hardness and tensile strength of the metal matrix material by 77% and 78%, respectively. In the field of other composite materials, viscoelastic materials and magnetorheological variants have received widespread attention. The development of composite materials benefits from the promotion of new methods and technologies, but there are still problems such as complex preparation, high cost, and unstable performance. Considering the characteristics, application requirements, cost, complexity, and performance of different types of composite materials, further improvements and innovations are needed in modeling and optimization to better meet practical engineering needs, such as the application of advanced composite materials in civil engineering, ships, automobiles, batteries, and other fields.

Study on Nanomaterials with Inhibitory Effects on the Growth of Aspergillus niger.

In this paper, the inhibitory effect of various nanomaterials on the growth of Aspergillus niger was studied. Among them, copper nanorods had the most obvious inhibitory effect on the growth of Aspergillus niger. The phase of copper nanorods was modified by chitosan, and its inhibitory effect on the expansion of Aspergillus niger was measured. 1. Preparation of copper nanorods and chitosan@copper nanorods: Copper nanorods with a diameter of about 300-350 nm and a length of about 100-800 nm were prepared by the liquid-phase reduction method. The chitosan solution was prepared by using the characteristics of chitosan dissolved in dilute acid to prepare chitosan@copper nanorods and modify the phase of copper nanorods. 2. Determination of the inhibitory effect of various copper nanomaterials on the growth of Aspergillus niger, including Cuprous Oxide nanoparticles, copper nanorods, nano copper oxide, and copper hydroxide, which have certain inhibitory effects on the growth of Aspergillus niger. Among them, copper nanorods have a better effect. On this basis, chitosan@copper nanorods are obtained by modifying the phase of copper nanorods with chitosan. The measured antibacterial effect is that the EC50 value is 344 mg/L.

Effects of Nano-copper Oxide on Physiobiochemical Properties of Brassica chinensis L. and Its Heavy Metal Accumulation Under Cadmium Stress

To investigate the effects of nano-copper oxide (CuO NPs) on plant growth, physio-biochemical characteristics, and heavy metal content under cadmium stress, a hydroponics experiment was conducted on the effects of single and combined treatments of CuO NPs (0, 10, 20, and 50 mg·L-1) and Cd (0, 1, and 5 μmol·L-1) on the fresh weight, photosynthetic pigment content, MDA content, antioxidant enzyme activity (CAT, POD, SOD, and GR), and Cu and Cd contents in Brassica chinensis L. The results showed that under the single addition of CuO NPs, the fresh weight and activities of CAT, POD, and GR were inhibited as a whole. Photosynthetic pigment content and SOD activity increased first and then decreased with the increase in CuO NPs concentration, whereas MDA content in leaves and roots, and Cu content in subcells of B. chinensis L. increased with the increasing of CuO NPs. As compared with that in the control, CuO NPs promoted the growth of B. chinensis L., and the fresh weight increased by 8.70%-44.87% at 1 μmol·L-1 Cd. When the content of Cd was up to 5 μmol·L-1, a low content (10 mg·L-1) of CuO NPs promoted the growth of B. chinensis L., whereas a high concentration (50 mg·L-1) showed an inhibitory effect. The addition of CuO NPs could increase photosynthetic pigment and MDA contents under different Cd stress, and MDA content in leaves and roots of B. chinensis L. increased by 4.34%-36.27% and 13.43%-131.04%, respectively, than that in the control groups. Under the same concentration of 1 μmol·L-1 Cd, the addition of CuO NPs decreased the activities of CAT and GR, whereas the activity of POD increased. When the content of Cd was up to 5 μmol·L-1, CuO NPs increased the POD activity and inhibited the activity of SOD and GR. The activities of CAT and CAT in the leaves of B. chinensis L. initially showed an increasing and then decreasing trend. CuO NPs and Cd showed antagonistic effects, the maximum reduction of Cd content in leaves and roots of Brassica chinensis L. under 1 μmol·L-1 Cd treatment was 45.64% and 33.39%, and that under 5 μmol·L-1 Cd treatment was 18.25% and 25.35%, respectively. The content of Cu and Cd in subcellular organs of the plants decreased, but the proportion of soluble components increased. These results indicated that CuO NPs at low concentrations promoted plant growth under Cd stress and further inhibited the absorption of Cd but increased the oxidative damage to B. chinensis L.

Exploring the potential of nitrocellulose for improving the catalytic efficiency of nano copper oxide in the thermal degradation of ammonium perchlorate

Exploring the potential of nitrocellulose for improving the catalytic efficiency of nano copper oxide in the thermal degradation of ammonium perchlorate

Effect of Nanoparticles on Rheological Properties of Water-Based Drilling Fluid.

Nano-water-based drilling fluids (NWBDFs) are prepared using nano-copper oxide (CuO) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as modification materials. The effects of the temperature and concentration of the nanoparticles (NPs) on the rheological properties are studied using a rotational rheometer and viscometer. Also, the influence of two NPs on the filtration properties is studied using a low-pressure and low-temperature filtration apparatus, as well as a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It is found that MWCNTs with a concentration of 0.05 w/v% have the most obvious influence on the NWBDFs, which improve the stability of the gel structure against temperature and also decrease the filtration rate. Finally, a theoretical model predicating the yield point (YP) and the plastic viscosity (PV) as a function of the temperature considering the influence of the NPs is developed based on DLVO theory.

Ohmic conduction in poly (o-toluidine)–nano CuO composite based devices

Polymer nanocomposite comprising 25 weight % of nano copper oxide (n-CuO) and poly (o-toluidine) [POT] is prepared. For the first time, we report the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of this nanocomposite. Incorporation of n-CuO modifies the structural properties of POT. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra indicate the bonding of CuO with the polymer matrix. The Band gap of the samples is estimated about 1.78 ​eV. FTIR spectra reveal presence of C–H, C–C bonds. SEM image recorded reveal substitution of n-CuO inside the POT matrix. I–V characteristic recorded at different temperature implies change in conducting behaviour of the polymer nanocomposite from conducting to semiconducting nature with change in temperature.

Preparation and antibacterial properties of copper phthalate/polyethylene terephthalate composition fiber

Copper phthalate was employed as antibacterial agent that improve its dispersibility in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber. The antibacterial activity of copper phthalate, copper terephthalate and nano-copper oxide were evaluated against Colon bacillus, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, copper phthalate showed the best antibacterial activity. The antibacterial masterbatch of copper phthalate was subsequently prepared by melt blending, which integrated into PET to prepare antibacterial fiber during the spinning process at 285 °C. The sample containing 0.3 % copper phthalate displayed great antibacterial performance and durability against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.

Influence on tensile and yield strength in composites of heat-treated AA6463 alloy by copper oxide nano particles

The strength-to-weight ratio provided by AA6XXX alloys and their improved mechanical characteristics have emerged as key requirements for their use in light weight military vehicles, rockets, missiles, aircrafts, and cars, employed for both defense and civil purpose. The effects of the alloying elements that are often utilized for forged AA6XXX alloys are addressed while taking into account their interactions. We address the importance of alloying as well as processing to generate certain qualities and the underlying strengthening mechanisms. These AA6XXX alloys are often and effectively used in structural applications for both civil and military purposes. In this experimental investigation mainly focused on ultimate tensile strength and yield strength variations in AA6463 alloy by Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticle. There are five composites of aluminium alloy and CuO nano particle combinations were created by stir casting method for the comparison with the individual AA6463 alloy specimen. Cuo nano particle concentration increased from 2% to 10% with 2% of variation in volume of material basis in the composite. Individual specimens were prepared and tested as per standards. 94 % of AA6463 with 6% of CuO nano particle mixed composite have the greatest tensile and yield strength among the composites in this investigation.

Engineered polymer–clay–copper oxides catalyst for the oxidation and reduction of organic molecules: synergy of degradation and instinctive interface stability by polymer self-healing function

Although many applications of clay–polymer composites have been suggested in recent years, their potential use in water treatment processes has received relatively little attention. This study reports the synthesis, characterization, and application of supramolecular polymer–montmorillonite clay–copper oxide (MPC) as an efficient catalyst for the degradation of rhodamine B (RB), a model organic molecule (OM). MPC was synthesized by incorporating branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) into layered montmorillonite K10 (MK10) through a simple wet impregnation method, followed by the incorporation of a copper precursor and direct reduction of the metal precursor. The resulting MPC was characterized using ATR-FTIR, SEM-EDS, TEM, BJH, XRD, and SAXS. The results confirmed the incorporation of PEI and nano-copper oxides into MK10. The MPC chemically degraded RB (>99% at 5 mg L−1, pH 7) in the aqueous phase (10 mL), and the degradation followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model with a high correlation coefficient. The synthesized MPC degraded RB (7 h) in the presence of H2O2 and adsorbed RB (>98%) without H2O2. The completeness of RB degradation was validated using liquid–liquid extraction and solid–liquid phase extraction of the aqueous phase and solid MPC after the degradation reaction, respectively. The degradation proceeded through reactive active species (hydroxide radical, •OH), which remained in the solution and are active for 72 h or more. This indicates that the synthesized MPC can degrade trace amounts of RB in larger aqueous volumes. PEI exhibited self-healing behavior (network remodeling) after by mechanical or chemical stress to the PEI/PEI-Cu species during RB degradation, which included the re-formation of RnN–Cu oxides as well as the synergistic effect of charge transfer/recombination between N, Cu, and other reactive species in the reaction mixtures. The post-degradation characterization of MPC confirmed that MPC could be reused for more than five cycles without the loss of copper species. The high catalytic performance of MPC towards the other four organic pollutants in the aqueous phase indicates that MPC is a promising environmental catalyst.