Names Of Professions Research Articles

Associative recognition in a patient with selective hippocampal lesions and relatively normal item recognition.

Previous work (Mayes et al., Hippocampus 12:325-340, 2002) found that patient YR, who suffered a selective bilateral lesion to the hippocampus in 1986, showed relatively preserved verbal and visual item recognition memory in the face of clearly impaired verbal and visual recall. In this study, we found that YR's Yes/No as well as forced-choice recognition of both intra-item associations and associations between items of the same kind was as well preserved as her item recognition memory. In contrast, YR was clearly impaired, and more so than she was on the above kinds of recognition, at recognition of associations between different kinds of information. Thus, her recognition memory for associations between objects and their locations, words and their temporal positions, abstract visual items or words and their temporal order, animal pictures and names of professions, faces and voices, faces and spoken names, words and definitions, and pictures and sounds, was clearly impaired. Several of the different information associative recognition tests at which YR was impaired could be compared with related item or inter-item association recognition tests of similar difficulty that she performed relatively normally around the same time. It is suggested that YR's familiarity memory for items, intra-item associations, and associations between items of the same kind was mediated by her intact medial temporal lobe cortices and was preserved, whereas her hippocampally mediated recall/recollection of these kinds of information was impaired. It is also suggested that the components of associations between different kinds of information are represented in distinct neocortical regions and that initially they only converge for memory processing within the hippocampus. No familiarity memory may exist in normal subjects for such associations, and, if so, YR's often chance recognition occurred because of her severe recall/recollection deficit. Conflicting data and views are discussed, and the way in which recall as well as item and associative recognition need to be systematically explored in patients with apparently selective hippocampal lesions, in order to resolve existing conflicts, is outlined.

Is French in Belgium More Susceptible to English Influence?

The French language has been progressively moulded through contact with neighbouring languages. However, the Anglo-Saxon tidal wave that followed the Second World War has provoked numerous reactions of defence and promotion of French. This paper studies the specificities of the link to English in French-speaking Belgium. First, it seems that from a linguistic point of view, French in Belgium shows a higher degree of tolerance towards English on lexical and phonetic levels. Moreover, if the Belgian language legislation is strongly influenced - in its spirit and in its words - by the French example, it has acquired more autonomy in the 1990s, for example in the decree of 21 June 1993 concerning the feminisation of profession names, functions, ranks and titles. The action of public bodies in favour of the French language is then evoked. Given the attention devoted to community problems, these initiatives have appeared fairly late and evolved from a defensive attitude towards a policy of promotion of French. ...

Biostatistics in Clinical Medicine

This cleverly constructed, inexpensive introduction to statistics is out in a new third edition with two new excellent chapters about the interpretation of epidemiological studies and meta-analysis. The genre of introductory statistics books with titles like "Introductory Statistics for the [insert name of profession here]" has always seemed suspect to me. Are all physicians (read also engineers, nurses, or social workers) so bereft of imagination that they cannot learn some statistics without the examples being specifically drawn from their everyday work? When I used Snedecor and Cochran's<i>Statistical Methods</i>as an undergraduate, I did not suppose that the carefully cataloged techniques were only good for measuring the results of agricultural experiments. <i>Biostatistics in Clinical Medicine</i>is in this class of books, but there is an underlying philosophy that justifies its approach. Rather than present statistics with examples designed for use by researchers dealing with groups of patients in the typical

The difficulty with recalling people's names: the plausible phonology hypothesis.

Recalling the name of a person is a simple, but often a problematic, everyday task. There are various explanations of this phenomenon, but here it is argued that the explanations offered so far, by failing to consider learning of names, have overlooked a simple account of name recall difficulty. The starting observation for this viewpoint is that names of people are often non-words, in that they have never been encountered before. This is not true of, say, names of professions. Not only does the relatively high rate of new exemplars mean that people's names are likely to be underlearned, but furthermore, even for equal degrees of learning, a person's name is at a disadvantage because of the high plausibility of most phonologies: "dreaner" is much more readily accepted as the name of a person than as the name of their profession. So specifying the phonology of people's names is inherently a more demanding task, compared to the phonology of other names. The implications of this view are explored with regard to explanations of empirically established name recall phenomena in normal subjects, the patterns of performance of anomic patients and the difficulty of name recall in different word domains. It is shown that these arguments, derived from a real world fact, account in a simple way for existing data and make predictions in different areas of research.

Remarks on the Ration Lists from Alalakh VII

Previous articleNext article No AccessRemarks on the Ration Lists from Alalakh VIIAlbrecht GoetzeAlbrecht Goetze Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Journal of Cuneiform Studies Volume 13, Number 11959 A journal of ASOR Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2307/1359567 Views: 2Total views on this site PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.