Names Of People Research Articles

The research politics of (re)naming participants: A sociology of names perspective

In this article we argue that theoretical and empirical insights from the sociology of people's names can enrich qualitative researchers’ decision-making about, and descriptions of, their practices of (re)naming participants as well as inform methodological debates about these practices. We review the research politics of participants’ names and outline how issues of anonymisation and pseudonymisation can be thought through using sociological theorising about and empirical research on people's names. In illustration of the value of this perspective, we discuss (re)naming of participants in our study of names in adoption. We describe the challenges that arise around anonymisation and pseudonymisation when the topic is potentially sensitive and where people's names are the focus. We draw out the broader significance of our findings to encourage researchers, regardless of their topic, to better reflect on and account for choices made about why and how research participants are (re)named.

“Why can't I say people's names?” Alexinomia as a widespread psychological phenomenon

Psychological research has recently proposed alexinomia, characterised by an inhibited behaviour in saying names, as a distinct psychosocial phenomenon. Alexinomia is associated with anxiety and avoidance behaviours with regards to saying names and thus severely impacts every day social interactions and relationships. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of this newly established and poorly understood psychological phenomenon and to further determine its impact on everyday life. For this purpose, online advice and discussion forums were systematically searched for threads on and mentions of problems with saying names. We analysed a broad dataset from English-language comments discussing alexinomia-related experiences and behaviours, inclusive of varied demographics and geographical regions. The findings based on the qualitative analysis of 257 unique sources show that alexinomia is a widespread phenomenon. Moreover, the analysed online materials showed affected individual's use of a variety of effective and ineffective coping strategies and experience varying degrees of severity, which can potentially diminish with training. The study's results therefore highlight alexinomia as a relevant, yet highly under researched, field of study, and add to our knowledge on the experience of alexinomia in everyday life and its potential origins, especially relating to social anxiety and early-life familial dynamic.

ANTROPONIMELE ROMÂNEȘTI. DE LA STRUCTURI SIMPLE LA STRUCTURI COMPLEXE

Anthroponyms, in any area of the world they are found, can only be analysed in the context of the language to which they belong. Onomastics, from our country and elsewhere, has developed, over time, its own laws regarding the formation of the names of places or persons, beyond the laws that act at the level of the lexicon of that language. Moreover, as in the idiom which it belongs to, they also mingled in onomastics, through "cohabitation" (or through connections at a greater or lesser distance) with other idioms, a series of allogeneic elements. However, neither the laws of onomastics, nor the influences from different languages work solely in accordance with the tradition, the typology and the rules of word formation of the idiom it belongs to. In the current paper, it is analysed the manner in which the specificity of our language has left its mark on the internal structure of people's names: it is to be followed how extensive or how narrow this structure can be, given that the Romanian is a language of a derivative type; moreover, to where the influence of the language stretches, and from where the "freedom of action" of onomastics begins in the formation of anthroponyms, their structure in this case. We rely mainly on the anthroponymic material from Oltenia, but the analysis is extended, when thought necessary, on the names of people from other regions of the country as well.

Anthroponymy evolution of Javanese diaspora names in Malaysia (social onomastics study).

The personal name of the Malaysian Javanese Diaspora (MJD) grows and develops along with the history of dynamic life, thought, social, and cultural developments. This research specifically aims to reveal and explain the process of anthroponymy evolution of the Javanese-Malaysia diaspora personal name system from historical, social, cultural, and linguistic characteristics aspects and the meaning of personal names that developed due to the cultural shifts and changes. This research utilizes data sources from lists of names of Javanese diaspora communities and efforts to extract names from MJD people who are in the locations of the states of Johor, Selangor, and Melaka in Peninsular Malaysia. Data were collected using content analysis techniques and in-depth interviews through discussions and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) as well as informal meetings directly at the research location. The results of the study show that the forms of names that appear in MJD society are strongly influenced by historical, social, and cultural phenomena that developed in the era before and after Malaysia's independence. This phenomenon affects the characteristics of personal names so that it can be seen that there are phases of MJD people's names, namely the initial arrival phase, the transition phase, the modern phase, and the latest phase. The results of this study can be used to find out the development of thought, spirit of life, and cultural traditions of a large MJD collective in Peninsular Malaysia.

Abstract 17237: Trends in Sex and Regional Disparities Among Authorships in American Heart Association Scientific Sessions (2019-2023): A Bibliometric Analysis

Background: Women continue to be underrepresented in clinical medicine, including cardiology, despite improvements in participation. We aim to examine gender and regional disparities in authorship of abstracts published in AHA scientific sessions. Method: AHA journal was screened for abstracts with keywords: "Meta-analysis", "Systematic Review" or "Pooled analysis from 2019-2023. 499 out of 567 studies were included from circulation journal of AHA, and data on gender of first and corresponding (last) author was extracted with a validated smartdata application from 7.5 billion people's names (namsor.app). Abstract category and regions of affiliation data were extracted. Chi-square was used to describe trends. Results: Of 499 abstracts (2019:21.4%, 2020:23.2%, 2021:20.2%, 2022:31.9%, 2023:3.2%) females as first author were 24% and as last author was 18.8%. Categories of abstracts were general cardiology (GC)(32.7%), interventional cardiology (IC)(24.8%), electrophysiology (EP)(12.4%), and cardio-oncology (CO)(2.6%). North America (NA) had the highest number of abstracts (67.5%). Meta-analyses were higher than systematic reviews (88.6% vs. 10.6%), pooled analyses were higher than comparison plots (51.1% vs 41.3%, p =0.001). Male corresponding and first author (62.2%) were higher than inter-sex corresponding and first authors. Yet, corresponding male authors with female first was higher than female corresponding with male first (16.4% vs 11.5%) and corresponding female authors with female first was lower than male first (11.5% vs. 9.9%, p=0.015). Disparity is noted in abstract categories across regions. IC was more in Asia (23.5% vs. 21.6) compared to GC, while GC was more common in Europe (48.5% vs. 24.2%) and NA (32.7% vs 23.2%). Conclusion: Gender disparity was noted across abstract categories and regions. Women need to be represented more in clinical and academic research. Further studies are needed to identify barriers to equal representation.

Does the first letter of one's name affect life decisions? A natural language processing examination of nominative determinism.

This research examines whether the phenomenon of nominative determinism (a name-driven outcome) exists in the real world. Nominative determinism manifests as a preference for a profession or city to live in that begins with the same letter as a person's own name. The literature presents opposing views on this phenomenon, with one stream of research documenting the influence and another stream questioning the existence and generalizability of the effect, as well as the proposed underlying process. To examine whether the effect occurs in the real world, we use large language models trained on Common Crawl, Twitter, Google News, and Google Books using two natural language processing word-embedding algorithms (word2vec and GloVe). After controlling for relevant variables, we find consistent evidence of the relationship between people's names and a preference for major life choices starting with the same letter as their first name. Our theoretical framework of identity expression builds on the implicit egotism explanation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Demographic Inference in the Digital Age: Using Neural Networks to Assess Gender and Ethnicity at Scale

Gender and ethnicity are increasingly studied topics within I-O psychology, helpful for understanding the composition of collectives, experiences of marginalized group members, and differences in outcomes between demographics and capturing diversity at higher levels. However, the absence of explicit, structured, demographic information online makes applying these research questions to Big Data sources challenging. We highlight how deep neural networks can be used to infer demographics based on people's names, which are commonly found online (e.g., social media profiles, employee pages, and membership rosters), using broad international data to train and evaluate the effectiveness of these models and find that validity coefficients meet minimum reliability thresholds at the individual level ( rgender = .91, rethnicity = .80) highlighting their ability to contextualize and facilitate Big Data research. Using empirical data extracted from databases, websites, and mobile apps, we highlight how these models can be applied to large organizational data sets by presenting illustrative demonstrations of research questions that incorporate the information provided by the model. To promote broader usage, we offer an online application to infer demographics from names without requiring advanced programming knowledge.

REVITALIZATION OF MINAHASAN CULTURE THROUGH VOCABULARY OF TRADITIONAL FOOD NAMES IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPING CULINARY TOURISM IN NORTH SULAWESI PROVINCE

The research on Revitalization of Minahasan Culture Through Vocabulary of Traditional Food Names in The Context of Developing Culinary Tourism in North Sulawesi Province intends to improve previous research that has been conducted. This research is proposed for one year. The problem formulated in this research is the naming system of Minahasan traditional food and its meaning. This research aims to (1) identify and classify the naming system of traditional Minahasan food, (2) analyze and describe the meaning of traditional Minahasan food names. The specific targets to be achieved in this research are (1) the identification and classification of the naming system of traditional Minahasan food , (2) the identification and classification of linguistic units in the form of words, phrases, and clauses of traditional Minahasan food names, and (3) the results of explanation and description in the form of cultural meaning in linguistic units in the form of words, phrases, and clauses of traditional Minahasan food names. The vocabulary of traditional Minahasan food names as a naming system that has meaning and cultural value based on the cognition of the Minahasan community was found in this study. The origin of food names and the concept of Minahasan culture are also reflected in traditional Minahasan food names. The method used is descriptive qualitative method with an approach through ethnography, synchronic linguistics and gastronomic linguistics methods. Techniques and data collection were observation and interview. The research location is in North Sulawesi Province, especially Minahasan Regency by selecting several cities in the area of North Sulawesi Province by purposive sampling, namely data collection according to research needs. The results of the research are food labeled linulut (food that is inserted in bamboo and burned) and non-linulut (food not in bamboo). The naming system of traditional Minahasann food consists of ingredients, cooking utensils, food makers, places where food is made, the arrival of Minahasann people, and people's names. The form of traditional Minahasann food names consists of words, phrases, and clauses. Pangi, gohu and woku are words. Woku blanga, rica rodo, and Sayor pa'it are phrases. Clauses consist of Ayang woku isi di bulu, Babi woku isi di bulu, and ikang mas bungkus deng daong woka. The meaning of food names is denotative meaning and connotative meaning. The denotative meaning corresponds to the food ingredient, namely pangi. The connotative meaning is the name of the food sende'en, pongkor, fried brot cookies, and Bobengka.

Назви рослин, похідні від назв людини в українському східнополіському говорі

The research examines the names of plants derived from the names of people in Ukrainian Eastern Polissian colloquialisms. It was found that the group of plant names derived from human names is diverse in terms of the semantics of the original names. Various anthroponomes are involved in the field of botanical vocabulary. These are the names of people's family characteristics, kinship, names by social and social status, by profession, occupation, type of activity, by nationality, party affiliation, as well as names and surnames. It has been established that the most productive way of creating plant names derived from people's names is one-word names formed mainly by adding a suffix. The names that appeared as a result of the reinterpretation of known lexemes are recorded. Often the nominative function is performed by multiple and collective formations. Some names arose as a result of univerbation. Nomination using phrases is common. A significant group consists of complex names, most of which were formed as a result of compounding. Several names formed by the basic composition are attested. Propositive nouns and descriptive names, which are comparative in structure, are noted as examples. A common motivating feature in botanical names derived from human names is the external resemblance to a human; at the same time, it is not so much about a specific person, but about established ideas about them; some of them are archaic. In the nomination of plants, a gender opposition typical for the thematic group of anthroponyms vocabulary was revealed: male – female. In these cases, a close interweaving, a combination of grammatical and motivological features was noted.

UTILIZING ROOTS AND PATTERNS TO IDENTIFY ARABIC NAMED ENTITIES

Named Entity Recognition NER is a subset of information extraction that seeks to recognize and categorize named things in text data into specified categories, such as people's names, organizations' names, geographic locations, and so on. This task has recently attracted a lot of attention due to the discovery it has the potential to boost the performance of a variety of NLP applications. In the domains of Question Answering and Summarization Systems, Information Retrieval and Extraction, Machine Translation, Video Annotation, Semantic Web Search, and Bioinformatics, the majority of difficulties require named entity recognition. Arabic is an inflectional language, which allows for non-concatenative morphological operations on the root. The purpose of this study is to extract and recognize entity names from Arabic articles. We proposed an algorithm for determining names from roots using patterns. We developed it in Python and leveraged the "pyqt5" visual package to see the results immediately, as well as modify and add patterns easily. To replicate the names, we used a random sample of 400 names and 45 different patterns. The algorithm correctly identified 370 names easily and quickly, yielding a success rate of 93%. All names with the same recognized names will be known in the same way by the method and do not need any manipulation in code or design. The names that are not recognized by our algorithm have no roots in the list of known Arabic roots. Our research shows that the approach can recognize names with roots with high speed and accuracy, but it is not possible to identify nouns that are not in the Arabic language using this method. As a result, we recommend using a hybrid method that incorporates multiple concepts.

Sam Houston Ridgway 1936–2022

Sam Houston Ridgway 1936–2022

PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN KORESPONDENSI DENGAN PEMANFAATAN MAIL MERGE PADA MICROSOFT WORD BAGI SEKRETARIS OSIS SMA DI KABUPATEN PEKALONGAN

The creation of correspondence needs to pay attention to the rules in writing official letters. To minimize errors in writing in letters such as the use of ineffective sentences, errors in writing people's names and positions, it is necessary to compile sentences, good and correct word selection and spelling. Correspondence made by the Student Council Secretary uses Microsoft word so it takes a long time if you have to make a large number of letters to be delivered to all members of the student council. In order to facilitate these activities, training was carried out on how to make letters in large quantities easily, quickly, effectively and efficiently. The purpose of this community service activity was that as many as 25 participants from representatives of the High School Student Council Secretary in Pekalongan Regency gained knowledge about correspondence and the use of mail merge on Microsoft word to support activities in their organization. This activity starts from the preparation, implementation and evaluation of activities. The result of the activity was that the participants were enthusiastic and responsive in participating in the activity, with the hope that the student council administrators could be more skilled in making letters in large quantities and minimize the occurrence of errors in writing letters.

Stephen Foster and the Slavery Question

Stephen Foster and the Slavery Question

SPEECH ACT IN CODE MIXING IN A.R. RIZAL'S NOVEL LIMPAPEH

This study discusses the author's speech acts and how they were utilised in his work. In the novel Limpapeh by Ar. Rizal, this study will describe speech acts in the form of code mixing that create code mixing, forms of code mixing, and the function of code mixing. In addition to showing cultural identity, the code mixing used by the author can also serve as an affirmation or explain something, showing familiarity with certain calls as a form of respect for others. Thus, the author deliberately inserts the term area of origin as part of his identity. Readers can recognize the culture of an area, especially Minangkabau from the works they produce. This research will describe the factors that cause code mixing, code mixing functions, and types of code mixing in the speech of the Limpapeh novel characters. The method used in this study is a reflective-introspective analysis method. It is possible that the phenomenon of using language is lived in everyday life. Provision of data in this study in the form of written text. The code mixing that occurs is conveyed by the author through the naming of cooking spices, dishes, people's names and proverbs or terms commonly used in the Minangkabau community. In AR RIZAL's novel Limpapeh, the type of speech act used in Minangkabau society is forceful speech with the style of asserting.

Spiritual Concert "By my Voice" in the Context of the Problem of Author's Attribution

The urgency of the problem of authorial attribution of works by Ukrainian composers of the second half of the 18th – early 19th centuries is substantiated. The author emphasizes the importance of defining authorship as one of the urgent tasks of modern Ukrainian music studies, the relevance of which is justified not only by the scientific component, the need for a deeper understanding of stylistic processes in contemporary art, but also the practical significance of research results, as they are directly related to the performance. Emphasis is placed on the need to clarify the authorship of opuses in today's conditions, when, unfortunately, we have many cases of works under other people's names due to appeals to low-quality music sources in which the authorship of works is erroneous. It is shown that modern researchers have to deal with double and even triple authorship, that is with the opposite authorial attribution in different sources, as well as with other cases, as much as the need to clarify the authorship of the work. The achievements of modern contemporary musicologists who work in the appropriate direction, trying to return the losses and erroneously attributed works to the heritage of their true creators are summarized. Different approaches to solving the set goal are revealed. The main features of the functioning of Ukrainian musical culture and its features that caused a large-scale problem of authorial attribution in relation to the creative activity of the Classicist era are identified. The role of the Kyiv-Mohyla and theological academy in preserving the Ukrainian musical heritage is emphasized. A source study and comparative textual study of the spiritual concert "By my voice", which in different sources has different authorial attributions – Artemy Wedel, Stepan Degtyarev and Lev Gurilev. The available printed editions and the manuscript list of the concert from the library of the Kyiv Theological Academy are stored in the Department of Library Collections and Historical Collections at the Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine. The elements of musical language and musical speech that may testify against the authorship of A. Wedel, as well as those that, on the contrary, testify in his favor, are singled out. A hypothesis is expressed regarding the authorship of the work and it is stated that there is currently a lack of musical materials for the final conclusion, first of all two musical texts attributed to L. Gurilov, which are in Russian music collections.

ЕМОЦІЙНО-ОЦІННА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ПРОФЕСІЙ І ВИДІВ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В ДАВНЬОГРЕЦЬКИХ ПАРЕМІЯХ

The results of ancient Greek phraseological units study, which represent the emotional and evaluative characteristics of different professions and activities by ancient Greeks, are presented. 138 ancient Greek phraseological units were analyzed, which include lexemes of the semantic field "professions and activities" (in particular, those that denote the object, result, tool, place of (professional) activity, as well as people's proper names – representatives of a profession that have become a precedent). The lexemes of the semantic subgroups "musical art", "judiciary", "poetic art" have been found to have the highest phraseological productivity, "military affairs", "philosophy", "criminal activity", "medicine" and "sports" have the lowest one. It is important to emphasize that the core lexemes in the analyzed proverbs do not have an evaluative component in their semantics, but in the structure of phraseological units represent a socially fixed assessment or certain social stereotypes due to previous historical experience and cultural preconditions. Quite often stereotypical ideas of the ancient Greek linguistic and cultural community about the representatives of a certain profession or type of activity and their assessment depending on their place of residence or origin are verbalized in phraseological units. Quantitative analysis of phraseological units by type of axiological component revealed a significant advantage of proverbs with a negative connotation over positively or neutrally marked units. Professions and activities in the ancient Greek proverbs are evaluated in two aspects: the relationship between the subject and activity (matching skills, abilities of the subject of activity, effectiveness and benefit to society from the work performed) and personal characteristics of the subject of activity those that are associated in ethnic consciousness with representatives of certain professions and activities, that affect the quality and performance of work (such as mental abilities, taciturnity, truthfulness, ambition, greed, etc.).

Michael Thompson, MD

Michael Thompson, MD

Eksistensi Budaya Indonesia dalam Buku Ajar Materi Bahasa Arab Siswa SMP Islam Terpadu: Perspektif Pendidikan Multikultural

Education, which is based on the integration of culture, is a key part of the learning process. The teaching material will always be part of the success of the teaching and learning process. School as an educational institution or institution is responsible for instilling multicultural education in students from an early age, which will give birth to a multi-cultural generation, so that the concept of multicultural education is very much in line with that applied in the world of education in Indonesia. The current study therefore looked at culture as a measuring instrument for the application of multiculturalism, and further explained the existence of Indonesian culture in Arabic teaching materials for grade VIII at junior high school. The method used in this research is qualitatively descriptive through the use of library research and content analysis. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of the integration of Indonesian culture in Arabic textbooks at junior high school. It also seeks to look at the values of cultural diversity that are embedded in students' attitudes towards multi-cultural education, such as respect for tolerance, fairness, democracy and respect for differences. The results of this study have placed a great deal of emphasis on the achievement of cultural competence, such as the integration of multicultural educational values at the visual level, images, people's names, places, and so on. However, the placement of cultural values that are substantive does not have enough place in the Arabic textbook.
 Keywords: Cultural Existence, Arabic Textbooks, Multicultural Education

Historical anthroponymics as a scientific system in the context of ukrainian and romanian research

In the scientific environment of Ukraine and Romania, the problems of research related to the institutionalization of historical anthroponimics as a systemic scientific field of knowledge, the development of its general theoretical basis have recently become relevant. The purpose of the article is to analyze the features of historical anthroponimics as a scientific system of knowledge in the context of Ukrainian and Romanian research. Research methods: general or philosophical: dialectical, synergetic, analytical; general scientific: theoretical (analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization, system approach), empirical (study of sources, comparison, description, etc.); specially scientific or linguistic: descriptive, structural, typological. Scientific novelty lies in the formation ofinstitutional scientific and theoretical foundations of historical anthroponimics as a scientific system. Conclusions. The study allows to interpret historical anthroponimics as a synergetic and information-innovative scientific system that combines a system of knowledge about personal names, the sphere of scientific and cognitive activity of man, a social institution with its infrastructure and functions. A detailed study of various anthroponymicons creates opportunities for linguistic, visual, sound, and others modeling the development of people's personal names and the results of human thinking in this regard, knowledge of language issues, cultural history. Prospects for further research are related to improving the theoretical foundations of historical anthroponimics as a systemic scientific field, their application to the study of anthroponyms of the regions of Ukraine and Romania.

Neurocognitive mechanisms of poor social connection in posttraumatic stress disorder: Evidence for abnormalities in social working memory.

Poor social connection is a central feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but little is known about the neurocognitive processes associated with social difficulties in this population. We examined recruitment of the default network and behavioral responses during social working memory (SWM; i.e., maintaining and manipulating social information on a moment-to-moment basis) in relation to PTSD and social connection. Participants with PTSD (n = 31) and a trauma-exposed control group (n = 21) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while completing a task in which they reasoned about two or four people's relationships in working memory (social condition) and alphabetized two or four people's names in working memory (nonsocial condition). Participants also completed measures of social connection (e.g., loneliness, social network size). Compared to trauma-exposed controls, individuals with PTSD reported smaller social networks (p = .032) and greater loneliness (p = .038). Individuals with PTSD showed a selective deficit in SWM accuracy (p = .029) and hyperactivation in the default network, particularly in the dorsomedial subsystem, on trials with four relationships to consider. Moreover, default network hyperactivation in the PTSD group (vs. trauma-exposed group) differentially related to social network size and loneliness (p's < .05). Participants with PTSD also showed less resting state functional connectivity within the dorsomedial subsystem than controls (p = .002), suggesting differences in the functional integrity of a subsystem key to SWM. SWM abnormalities in the default network may be a basic mechanism underlying poorer social connection in PTSD.