Name Change Research Articles

Transformation of Identity among Slavic Muslim Pomaks in Bulgaria and Georgian Muslim Ajarians in Georgia: A Comparative Analysis

ABSTRACT This article comparatively analyses the identity transformation of Pomaks and Ajarians, two Muslim minorities living with Orthodox majorities. Based on semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted in Bulgaria and Georgia, it is argued that minorities who share more commonalities with the titular community have great difficulty with integrating into the national identity. That is, Pomaks and Ajarians, whose religious affiliations differ from the titular community, are more discriminated against than other minorities. This article also discusses how state policies such as name changes and conversions directed to both minorities have had a vital impact on their identity transformation. It further discusses the varying forms of boundary maintenance. Pomaks adopted various identities due to their interactions with different groups unlike Ajarians, who adopted only the Georgian identity.

Prognostic value of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease over coronary computed tomography angiography findings: comparison with no-alcoholic fatty liver disease

BackgroundMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the proposed name change for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to investigate the association of cardiovascular disease risk with MASLD and NAFLD in patients who underwent clinically indicated coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).MethodsThis retrospective study included 2289 patients (60% men; mean age: 68 years) with no history of coronary artery disease who underwent CCTA. The steatotic liver was defined as a hepatic-to-spleen attenuation ratio of < 1.0 on CT just before CCTA. MASLD is defined as the presence of hepatic steatosis along with at least one of the five cardiometabolic risk factors. Adverse CCTA findings were defined as obstructive and/or high-risk plaques. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) encompassed composite coronary events, including cardiovascular death, acute coronary syndrome, and late coronary revascularization.ResultsMASLD and NAFLD were identified in 415 (18%) and 368 (16%) patients, respectively. Adverse CCTA findings were observed in 40% and 38% of the patients with MASLD and with NAFLD, respectively. Adverse CCTA findings were significantly associated with MASLD (p = 0.007) but not NAFLD (p = 0.253). During a median follow-up of 4.4 years, 102 (4.4%) MACE were observed. MASLD was significantly associated with MACE (hazard ratio 1.82, 95% CI 1.18–2.83, p = 0.007), while its association with NAFLD was not significant (p = 0.070). By incorporating MASLD into a prediction model of MACE, including the risk score and adverse CCTA findings, global chi-squared values significantly increased from 87.0 to 94.1 (p = 0.008).ConclusionsPatients with MASLD are likely to have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease than those with NAFLD. Concurrent assessment of MASLD during CCTA improves the identification of patients at a higher risk of cardiovascular disease among those with clinically indicated CCTA.

New nomenclature for fatty liver disease

This review investigates that, in 2023, fatty liver disease underwent a name change to "steatotic liver disease" (SLD). SLD now includes metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), and metabolic and alcohol-related liver disease (MetALD). The renaming aims to better incorporate alcohol intake and metabolic risk factors into disease classification and to diminish the stigma associated with the previous nomenclature. Early identification of the patient's aetiology is important for the prognosis which can be improved by interventions against the causative risk factors.

How to describe a new species in zoology and avoid mistakes

Abstract Taxonomy is the science of discovering, naming, describing, diagnosing, identifying, and classifying different kinds of taxa, from species to families. It lays the foundation for all of the biological sciences. The rapid increase in both taxonomic descriptions and malpractice in recent decades indicates a need for consistency in the procedure and quality of taxonomic research publications dealing with recognition of new taxa, name changes, and nomenclatural acts. Indeed, there are numerous examples in the recent literature of taxonomic works that fall short of the basic procedures and minimum standards required for naming new species according to the mandatory provisions and recommendations of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, accepted standards of taxonomic best practice, and journal editorial policy. Here, we provide practical guidelines of the procedure and key elements required to name, describe, and publish a new animal species or revise the taxonomic status of a species. We then discuss some of the common pitfalls that should be avoided. Mistakes commonly made include failure to read the Code, to review the primary taxonomic literature, to examine type material, to construct the taxon name correctly, to explicitly establish the new taxon, to provide adequate typification, to clearly differentiate the new taxon, to register the publication of the new taxon name in ZooBank, or to publish the name of the new taxon in a manner that is compliant with the Code. We provide some examples of these mistakes, mainly from butterflies (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) and, to some extent, reptiles because these taxon groups seem to have an unusually high level of poor taxonomic practice.

Public administration and development in (historical) perspective

AbstractSince 1949, the journal Public Administration and Development has gone through changes in name and scope, in author demographics and background, and in readership and the topics covered. The professional‐oriented articles in the first years of the journal have evolved to become more academic theory‐oriented articles in recent years. Drawing on mixed methods, the authors conducted in‐depth analyses using data from the journal to highlight changes in research themes and geographic foci. The study provides insights into the historical development of public administration in developing contexts, the journal's contributions to the field, and maps out potential future research trends.

POEM BY M. YU. LERMONTOV “TO THE PORTRAIT” (1840): POETIC OF THE TEXT AND IMAGE

The article examines the history and poetics of Mikhail Lermontov’s poem “To the Portrait” (1840). The research material comprised three manu- scripts of the poem: a draft manuscript from the collection of S. A. Rachinsky containing numerous edits, a finalized manuscript with notes by V. F. Odoevsky and P. A. Vyazemsky, as well as another final draft of the poem, which was added to the collection of Karl August Farnhagen von Enze in 1844. The reconstruction of textual history allows to trace, the features of Lermontov’s poetics. While working on the poem, the author consistently rejected the ekphrastic nature of the image created by the reference to a specific artifact — an engraving by Pierre Louis Henri Grevedon “Full-Length Portrait of a Sitting Woman in an Open Dress” (1840). Using a series of associations, comparisons, and oppositions, the poet creates an image of a young woman. Attention to the dynamic poetics of the verbal portrait of Countess A. K. Vorontsova-Dashkova allowed us to show how Lermontov complicated her image. The analysis of the draft versions of numerous antinomies, name change in the final draft allowed to overcome the clichés of perception of the poem and interpret it in the context of the Russian cultural tradition.

Polyphenols of the Inuleae-Inulinae and Their Biological Activities: A Review.

Polyphenols are ubiquitous plant metabolites that demonstrate biological activities essential to plant-environment interactions. They are of interest to plant food consumers, as well as to the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. The class of the plant metabolites comprises both widespread (chlorogenic acids, luteolin, quercetin) and unique compounds of diverse chemical structures but of the common biosynthetic origin. Polyphenols next to sesquiterpenoids are regarded as the major class of the Inuleae-Inulinae metabolites responsible for the pharmacological activity of medicinal plants from the subtribe (Blumea spp., Dittrichia spp., Inula spp., Pulicaria spp. and others). Recent decades have brought a rapid development of molecular and analytical techniques which resulted in better understanding of the taxonomic relationships within the Inuleae tribe and in a plethora of data concerning the chemical constituents of the Inuleae-Inulinae. The current taxonomical classification has introduced changes in the well-established botanical names and rearranged the genera based on molecular plant genetic studies. The newly created chemical data together with the earlier phytochemical studies may provide some complementary information on biochemical relationships within the subtribe. Moreover, they may at least partly explain pharmacological activities of the plant preparations traditionally used in therapy. The current review aimed to systematize the knowledge on the polyphenols of the Inulae-Inulinae.

Call Vietnam mouse-deer ‘cheo cheo’ and let empathy save them from extinction: a conservation review and call for name change

The rediscovery of the silver-backed chevrotain (Tragulus versicolor), an endemic species to Vietnam, in 2019 – after almost 30 years of being lost to science – is a remarkable outcome for conservation. Since its rediscovery, there has been significant concern for the conservation of the species due to hunting for wild meat, a practice deeply rooted in Vietnamese culture. Conservation plans face multiple obstacles as the species has not yet been listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature due to the lack of data. Given the limited effectiveness of current conservation measures, we propose that local actions, community cooperation, and empathetic values can help conserve the silver-backed chevrotain through integrating modern technologies (e.g. the Internet, crowdfunding platforms, social media, AI, etc.) with citizen and community science. Communicating conservation information to the community, especially children, must stimulate their thinking and imagination about nature, develop their curiosity and desire to protect wildlife, and eventually build conservation and eco-surplus core values in their mindsets. To successfully awaken human values within the community and incorporate them into conservation endeavours, messages referring to ‘mouse-deer’, ‘chevrotain’, or the scientific name T. versicolor are largely ineffective as they fail to engender feelings of familiarity. Therefore, we suggest calling the mouse-deer ‘cheo cheo’, a local name that can create familiarity and closeness, awaken the environmental conscience, and stimulate thinking and imagination. All these factors encourage conservationists, scientists, and the government to support conservation and the community in building a conservation and eco-surplus culture.

Applicability of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) 2022 diagnostic criteria for epilepsy syndromes in children: A retrospective review of 1550 children with epilepsy

ObjectiveRecently, the ILAE Nosology and Definitions Task Force defined diagnostic criteria for epilepsy syndromes. There is paucity of data on the use of these new diagnostic criteria in children with epilepsy, and how these criteria may lead to changes from previous practice. MethodsThis was a retrospective chart review of data of children attending the epilepsy clinic in a tertiary care children's hospital from January 2011 to January 2023. The clinical details such as age at onset, types of seizures, co-morbidities, and results of EEG, MRI and genetic testing were reviewed. Epilepsy syndrome diagnosis was made as per the ILAE 2022 criteria, and compared with the previous syndrome diagnosis as per records. ResultsData from 1550 children (63 % boys) with epilepsy were analysed, and 55.4 % children were classified to have epilepsy syndromes as per the new ILAE 2022 diagnostic criteria. Application of the new 2022 ILAE diagnostic criteria was associated with a change in name alone in 676 (77.8 %) children. Hundred (11.5 %) children were newly classified under an epilepsy syndrome who had previously remained unclassified. Eleven (1.3 %) children who were previously classified into an epilepsy syndrome could not be classified using the new diagnostic criteria. Eight (0.9 %) were shifted to a new syndromic category. Overall, change in diagnosis occurred in 13.7 (11.5 + 1.3 + 0.9)%. No change in epilepsy syndrome classification/nomenclature occurred in 74 (8.5 %) children. SignificanceThe new diagnostic criteria led to an overall change in diagnosis in 13.7 % of children with epilepsy. These criteria will hopefully lead to uniformity in diagnosis of epilepsy syndromes across diverse settings.

TO THE 60TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF EARTH SCIENCES OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE

In the second part of the article, the main historical events in terms of dates, facts and personalities of the formation and development of the institutions of the Department of Earth and Space Sciences of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR from its foundation in 1963 to Ukraine’s independence in 1991 are listed in chronological order. The course of events related to name changes is given: Department of Earth and Space Sciences (1963–1972), Department of Earth Sciences (1972–1980), Department of Geology, Geophysics and Geochemistry (1980–1983) and Department of Earth Sciences (1983–1991). Considerable attention is paid to the significant contribution of the specialists of the Department of Earth Sciences of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR in eliminating the consequences of the largest technogenic and environmental disaster that occurred on April 26, 1986 at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant. It is considered the most important achievements of the institutions of the Department of Earth Sciences of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR in the period of formation and active development. In particular, scientific substantiation of the search for industrial oil and gas accumulations in the crystalline foundation of the sedimentary basins of Ukraine, volcanic and volcanogenic-sedimentary rocks of Transcarpathia and the Dnipro region, in the zones of active water exchange on the regional monoclines of Precarpathia, the Black Sea region. The doctrine of the formation of deep fault structures has been developed, and a technique has been developed for forecasting of combined traps of hydrocarbon accumulations in deep-seated Devonian and Carboniferous horizons of the Dnipro-Donetsk Basin. Significant results were obtained regarding the geological structure of the earth’s crust and the upper mantle of the lithosphere within the framework of international projects during regional seismic research within limits of Ukraine, Southeast Europe and India. The general regularities of the structure are established for various geostructures: shields, platforms, depressions, transition zones from continents to oceans, deep-sea depressions, structures of the ocean floor. The theoretical principles, methods and technical means of remote ocean research using artificial Earth satellites were developed, and the country’s first system for collecting, transmitting and processing information about the ocean’s physical fields was created. This is a kind of report of the most significant events and facts from the life of the Department of Earth Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and personal information and scientific achievements of the members of the Academy elected in the considered period.

Reasons for the Society's name change, its history, and how it will proceed , Report of the 2nd Council Meeting in 2023

Reasons for the Society's name change, its history, and how it will proceed , Report of the 2nd Council Meeting in 2023

Does a stock’s name affect its abnormal return? Evidence from different scenarios

ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of a stock’s name on its abnormal return in not only the name change scenario but also a less-disturbed scenario: the IPO scenario. After measuring the characteristics of a stock’s name with informativeness, fluency and luckiness, the results show that a stock’s name does impact its abnormal return in both scenarios. And compared to the name change scenario, this impact is more evident in the IPO scenario. Furthermore, the impact of a stock’s name varies in different Chinese markets as the levels of investor knowledge and experience differ in these markets. The fluency and luckiness of a stock’s name have significantly positive impacts on its abnormal return in the main board, while only informativeness affects the abnormal return significantly in the growth enterprise market.

Cerebellar tDCS enhances functional communication skills in chronic Aphasia

ABSTRACT Background Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as a possible neuromodulatory tool to augment language therapy in post-stroke aphasia. However, there is limited information on whether tDCS may help to improve everyday functional communication. Aims To investigate whether cerebellar tDCS combined with computerized aphasia treatment improves functional communication skills in individuals with chronic aphasia. Methods and Procedures In a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, within-subject crossover study, participants received 15 sessions of anodal (n = 14) or cathodal (n = 14) cerebellar tDCS plus computerized aphasia treatment then sham plus computerized aphasia treatment, or the opposite order. Linear mixed-effects regression models were performed to evaluate (1) the effect of tDCS treatment on change in functional communication skills on the two dimensions of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Functional Assessment of Communication Skills for Adults (ASHA-FACS): Communication Independence (CI) scale and Qualitative Dimension of Communication (QDC) scale, and (2) the relationship between functional communication skills and trained and untrained naming abilities. Outcomes and Results The results showed significant tDCS-induced gains for the overall QDC mean score, but not for the overall CI mean score. Cerebellar stimulation was more effective than sham for the overall QDC mean score immediately post-treatment, 2-weeks post-treatment and 2-months post-treatment. Follow up analysis separated by group showed that the change in the overall QDC mean score (combining both phases) were similar in participants receiving anodal or cathodal stimulation. We also found a significant linear association between the ASHA-FACS overall CI mean change scores and trained and untrained naming change scores for the tDCS condition but not sham. Conclusions Our study provides preliminary evidence that cerebellar tDCS coupled with computerized aphasia treatment has the potential to improve the overall qualitative dimensions of functional communication skills in individuals with chronic aphasia. Clinical Trial Registration Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Aphasia Treatment [NCT02901574]

Holocarpic oomycete parasites of red algae are not Olpidiopsis, but neither are they all Pontisma or Sirolpidium (Oomycota)

Oomycetes are ubiquitous heterotrophs of considerable economic and ecological importance. Lately their diversity in marine environments has been shown to be greatly underappreciated and many lineages of intracellular holocarpic parasites, infecting micro- and macro-algae, remain to be fully described taxonomically. Among them, pathogens of marine red algae have been studied extensively as they infect important seaweed crops. Throughout the 20th century, most intracellular, holocarpic biotrophic oomycetes that infect red algae have been assigned to the genus Olpidiopsis Cornu. However, 18S rRNA sequencing of Olpidiopsis saprolegniae, the species considered the generitype for Olpidiopsis, suggests that this genus is not closely related to the marine pathogens and that the latter requires a nomenclatural update. Here, we compile and reanalyze all recently published 18S rRNA sequence data for marine holocarpic oomycetes, with a particular focus on holocarpic pathogens of red algae. Their taxonomy has been revised twice over the past four years, with suggestions to transfer them first into the genus Pontisma and then Sirolpidium, and into a monogeneric order, Pontismatales. We show however, that previously published topologies and the proposed taxa Pontisma, Sirolpidium, and Pontismatales are unsupported. We highlight that name changes that are unfounded and premature create confusion in interested parties, especially concerning pathogens of marine red algae that infect important seaweed crops. We thus propose that the names of these holocarpic biotrophic parasites of red algae are retained temporarily, until a supported topology is produced with more genetic markers to enable the circumscription of species and higher-level taxa.

Building bridges in the conversation on eponymous common names of North American birds

Like many other fields, ornithology and birding are addressing their legacy of colonialism, including re‐examining their naming practices. Discussions about eponyms, when species are named to honour people, sit at the intersection of nomenclatural stability and social justice concerns. In response to a charged debate about the future of eponymous common names, members of the American Ornithological Society (AOS)'s Diversity and Inclusion Committee held one‐on‐one listening sessions in 2020 with stakeholder groups across the birding and ornithology community and, in 2021, organized a Community Congress where stakeholders shared thoughts with a public audience. These two events aimed to create spaces for thoughtful dialogue around an inflamed topic and to identify areas of consensus for moving forward. Here we summarize the main findings from these two activities. We found broad agreement among stakeholders that (1) social justice is a valid reason to change names, (2) many issues – especially the technical, decision‐making and public‐engagement aspects of name changes – need to be considered, and (3) educational opportunities are not only abundant but critical in any name‐change process to achieve the stated goals of increasing diversity and belonging in birding and ornithology. Our work highlights the importance of including many voices in conversations when proposed changes to public use systems, such as common names, appear to conflict with current decision‐making methods. By creating a space away from knee‐jerk reactions, our listening sessions and the Community Congress found that the scientists, birders, educators, data/wildlife managers and field guide authors we spoke with are willing to engage in crucial conversations of how to deal with eponymous common names, as part of engaging with ornithology's colonialist history.

Nomenclatural updates in the sedge-flora of western Uttar Pradesh

Establishing all plant’s correct identity and nomenclature is crucial in the current context. Therefore, an updated list and nomenclature status of sedges of western Uttar Pradesh, India has been provided in this article. This research paper incorporates extensive consultation of taxonomic databases, examination of type specimens and scrutiny of published works, including Ph.D thesis, research papers, books, and floras. To ensure the accuracy of binomial nomenclature, a systematic approach is adopted, starting with the utilization of search engines to cross-verify and validate taxonomic information. This includes a rigorous examination of online databases and repositories to access up-to-date information on botanical nomenclature. This paper aims to provideaccepted binomials with correct author citations of the sedges growing in western Uttar Pradesh because several names in the published literature are not accepted now. Such publications include several synonyms as accepted name, as well as mistakes in authority. A pivotal aspect of this work involves the verification of binomial identities through the examination of protologues and type specimens. Keeping this in mind, a comprehensive study for solving and updating nomenclature issues hasbeen carried out using different databases, websites and recent publications. We updated the nomenclature of all sedges of western Uttar Pradesh included in publications after 1959. Review of literature and field studies shows that western Uttar Pradesh includes a total of 91 species belonging to 14 genera published in 18 publications. In this study, 25 names of past publications were corrected. This is the first report on updated name changes in the floristic component of western Uttar Pradesh, where 41 names of sedges have been updated. This research paper covers the accepted name, synonym, taxonomic treatment, and typification.

CIRMQUAL: a conceptual framework of healthcare service quality

PurposeThe scope of this study is to explore and summarize the pool of dimensions, models and measurement techniques of service quality used in healthcare services and to propose a comprehensive conceptual model for practitioners and researchers.Design/methodology/approachThis research employs a comprehensive review of available literature by using multiple keywords on different electronic repositories using the recommendations of the PRISMA approach for the selection of articles. A critical analysis of available studies helped in compiling a list of core service quality dimensions in healthcare services.FindingsThis paper presents a comprehensive account of different dimensions and their measurement items used by various researchers to assess service quality in healthcare systems. Most of the researchers have used SERVQUAL model either in its original or modified form while the others have proposed and used totally different dimensions to assess the service quality in healthcare. Many dimensions are just an existing dimension of SERVQUAL that has undergone a name change while others are completely new. The dimensions used by many researchers have items drawn from more than one dimension of SERVQUAL model. The availability of so many dimensions and models adds to the confusion that researchers and practicing managers experience when determining the appropriate model to be used in their work. To mitigate this confusion, there is a need to develop a comprehensive model; the current work is an attempt to meet this need. Through our analysis, we identify four major service quality dimensions: clinical quality, infrastructural quality, relationship and managerial quality and propose a model named CIRMQUAL.Originality/valueAfter exploring all available models in the domain of healthcare, this research presents the best possible areas to enhance the quality of healthcare services. It also enhances the research insights for academicians and working professionals by developing and proposing a comprehensive model for measuring healthcare service quality. The proposed model covers almost all of the service quality dimensions used by other researchers and will make the choice of dimensions/model easy for the future researchers/practitioners interested in measuring and improving the quality of services offered by their healthcare units. Such a comprehensive model has not been developed by any researcher thus far.

Estimate and needs of the transgender adult population: the SPoT study

BackgroundDespite the increasing interest in transgender health research, to date little is known about the size of the transgender and gender diverse (TGD) population.MethodsA web-based questionnaire survey was developed, including a collection of socio-demographic characteristics and disseminated online through social media. Gender incongruence was evaluated by using a 2-item approach assessing gender recorded at birth and gender identity. The primary objective of the present population-based study was to estimate the proportion of TGD people across ages among a large sample of people who answered a web-based survey. The secondary endpoints were to identify gender-affirming needs and possible barriers to healthcare access.ResultsA total of 19,572 individuals participated in the survey, of whom 7.7% reported a gender identity different from the sex recorded at birth. A significantly higher proportion of TGD people was observed in the youngest group of participants compared with older ones. Among TGD people who participated in the study, 58.4% were nonbinary, and 49.1% experienced discrimination in accessing health care services. Nonbinary TGD participants reported both the need for legal name and gender change, along with hormonal and surgical interventions less frequently compared to binary persons.ConclusionsBeing TGD is not a marginal condition In Italy. A large proportion of TGD persons may not need medical and surgical treatments. TGD people often experience barriers to healthcare access relating to gender identity.

Cytotechnology schools: Future outlook.

Recent changes in the standard and guidelines governing the education of cytotechnologists herald in a new era of cytology education. The long-discussed move to master level education and name change of the professional to cytologist signifies an alignment with current and projected scope of mid-level diagnostic cytology practice. Cytotechnology programs going forward are charged with implementing curricular changes that prepare practitioners to perform tasks such as computer assisted screening, and cell block interpretation as well as to perform evidence-based research methods. Cytotechnology education programs are sure to face challenges particularly in student recruitment and the hiring of expert faculty. There are however opportunities for programs to develop innovative teaching techniques, recruit from underrepresented groups and collaborate to develop needed curricular resources. The future outlook for cytotechnology programs is that they are at a turning point, poised to educate the next generation of pathology extenders who will continue to be integral members of the patient care team.

Preferred terminology of people with serious mental illness.

People with serious mental illnesses (SMIs) have argued for name changes for their conditions given problems with oversimplification, stigma, and social exclusion. There is a need to better understand the terminology preferences of people with SMI. The present two-part qualitative study analyzed data regarding participant preferences and evaluations of different labels for SMIs using qualitative data analysis methodologies of grounded theory and content analysis. The range of names identified by people with SMI in the present qualitative interviews and the positive and negative evaluations of the different labels are presented. Results were integrated across Study 1 and Study 2 to identify the following preferred and nonpreferred terms for these mental health problems; mental illness, diagnosis, disorder, psychiatric disability, person in recovery, person with lived experience, mental health challenges/issues, chemical imbalance, symptom names, and self-constructed labels. These results suggest the need to identify and reflect the terminology preferences of each individual with mental health problems when seeking psychological services and recognize the varying benefits of different terms depending on time and context. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).